JP2001055330A - Antitumor agent - Google Patents

Antitumor agent

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Publication number
JP2001055330A
JP2001055330A JP11231920A JP23192099A JP2001055330A JP 2001055330 A JP2001055330 A JP 2001055330A JP 11231920 A JP11231920 A JP 11231920A JP 23192099 A JP23192099 A JP 23192099A JP 2001055330 A JP2001055330 A JP 2001055330A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
morin
tongue
cancer
activity
antitumor agent
Prior art date
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JP11231920A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4570184B2 (en
Inventor
Takuji Tanaka
卓二 田中
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Individual
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Individual
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an antitumor agent which is useful as a chemical preventing agent capable of expressing actions for controlling cancers, especially oral cancers and large intestine cancer by including specific one kind of flavonoid as an active ingredient. SOLUTION: This antitumor agent contains morin, a kind of flavonoid, as an active ingredient. The morin is one of naturally existing flavonoids, and can be available as a commercial product and then used. For example, the morin is compounded with a binder in a rate of morin 10 mg/pellet, processed into pellet-like tablets by a conventional method, and then used as the antitumor agent. Thus, the antitumor agent can be provided as a chemical preventing agent having actions for especially controlling tongue cancer and large intestine tumor, and the application of the antitumor agent to man can be expected because of having no toxicity.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、新規な抗腫瘍剤に
関するものであり、さらに詳しくは、フラボノイドの一
種のモリン(morin)を有効成分とする新しい抗腫
瘍剤に関するものである。本発明は、各種腫瘍、特に、
口腔がん、大腸腫瘍を抑制する化学的予防薬剤として有
用である。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a novel antitumor agent, and more particularly, to a novel antitumor agent containing morin, a kind of flavonoid, as an active ingredient. The present invention relates to various tumors, in particular,
It is useful as a chemopreventive agent for suppressing oral cancer and colorectal tumors.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、各種のがんの予防薬及び治療薬が
開発されている中で、今日、がんの一次的予防が注目さ
れており、特に、罹患患者が増加する傾向にある口腔が
んおよび大腸がんの積極的な一次予防が重要課題となっ
ている。これまでの研究報告によると、以下のような事
項が指摘される。即ち、口腔がんは過形成、異形成を経
て上皮内がん、進行がんへと進行し、その間に遺伝子異
常が積み重なるという自然史が示唆されている。アジ
ア、大平洋上の島々、ヨーロッパの一部ならびにブラジ
ルの一部などの地域では、口腔がんは頻度の高い悪性新
生物であると認識されている。喫煙や飲酒は、舌がんを
含む口腔がん発生の主要なリスクファクタ一であるとさ
れている。最近、世界各地で若年者の舌がんが急速に増
加しているとの報告がある。一方、大腸がんは世界では
第3位の悪性新生物であり、アメリカ合衆国ではがんに
よる死因の第2位であり、日本では第3位である。日本
では食習慣の欧米化が急速に進み、特に脂肪摂取の増加
と炭水化物摂取の減少により、大腸がんの発生率が増加
している。大腸がんの原因は完全には解明されていない
が、食事はその発生に重要なファクターであると考えら
れている。食事ファクターは人の健康やがんを含む一部
の慢性疾患の発生に重要な役割を果たしている。一部の
食品には変異原物質や発ガン物質が含まれているのと同
様に、発がん抑制物質も含まれている。
2. Description of the Related Art While various preventive and therapeutic agents for cancer have been developed, primary prevention of cancer has attracted attention today. Active primary prevention of cancer and colorectal cancer is an important issue. According to previous research reports, the following matters are pointed out. That is, it has been suggested that oral cancer progresses to hyperplasia and dysplasia into intraepithelial cancer and advanced cancer, during which natural abnormalities are accumulated. Oral cancer is recognized as a frequent malignant neoplasm in regions such as Asia, the Pacific Islands, parts of Europe and parts of Brazil. Smoking and drinking have been identified as one of the major risk factors for the development of oral cancer, including tongue cancer. Recently, there has been a report that tongue cancer in young people is increasing rapidly around the world. Colorectal cancer, on the other hand, is the third largest malignant neoplasm in the world, the second largest cause of cancer death in the United States, and the third largest in Japan. In Japan, the westernization of eating habits is rapidly progressing, and the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing, especially due to an increase in fat intake and a decrease in carbohydrate intake. Although the cause of colorectal cancer has not been completely elucidated, diet is thought to be an important factor in its occurrence. Dietary factors play an important role in human health and the development of some chronic diseases, including cancer. Some foods contain carcinogens as well as mutagens and carcinogens.

【0003】現在、我が国では増加を続けているがん罹
患患者に対する対策として、その予防が重要視され、特
に化学的予防を含む積極的な一次予防が注目されてい
る。野菜や果物の摂取はさまざまな種類のがんに対する
予防効果があることが、多くの疫学的データで指摘され
ており、食品中に存在する化学的予防物質の探索とその
抑制機序に関する基礎的研究が世界的に展開されてい
る。口腔がんや大腸がんでも野菜や果物の摂取量と口腔
がんおよび結腸直腸がんの発生率には逆相関がみられる
が、このような結果は、野菜や果物中には肉類や脂肪中
の発がん物質、プロモーターを除去したり、また、発が
んを阻止する化合物が含有されていることを示唆してい
る。事実、動物実験では野菜や果物に含まれる多くの化
合物が、がんの発生を抑制する実験結果が多数報告され
ている。
[0003] At present, in Japan, prevention is regarded as important as a measure against cancer patients who are increasing in number, and active primary prevention including chemoprevention is particularly attracting attention. Numerous epidemiological data indicate that the consumption of vegetables and fruits has a protective effect on various types of cancer, and the search for chemopreventive substances present in foods and the basic mechanisms for their control are discussed. Research is being deployed worldwide. In oral and colorectal cancers, there is an inverse correlation between vegetable and fruit intake and the incidence of oral and colorectal cancers. It suggests that it contains carcinogens and compounds that remove promoters and prevent carcinogenesis. In fact, in animal experiments, many experimental results have been reported in which many compounds contained in vegetables and fruits suppress cancer.

【0004】本発明者らも、野菜や果物を含む食用植物
から口腔がんや大腸がんに対する化学予防候補物質をい
くつか見い出してきた(Cancer Res. 57: 246-252, 199
7 、Carcinogenesis 18: 957-965, 1997、J. Toxicol.
Pathol. 9: 139-149, 1996)。平山が1979年に日本
人27万人のコホート調査の結果で指摘した(Nutr.Can
cer 1: 67-81, 1979 )ように、果物や緑黄色野菜の多
量摂取と種々のがんの発生率とは逆相関がある。果物や
野菜中には多量かつ種々のフラボノイドが存在してお
り、カロテノイドなどの栄養素に加えてこのような非栄
養素が、がん発生リスクの低下に寄与している可能性が
ある。このように、無煙煙草の使用により世界各地で舌
がんの若年患者が増加し、また、日本では食習慣の欧米
化が急速に進み、特に脂肪摂取の増加と炭水化物摂取の
減少により、大腸がんの発生率が増加しているが、この
ような増加中のがんに対して、毒性のない化合物を使っ
たがん予防の重要性が指摘されている。構造が判明して
いる植物中の化合物のうち、フラボノイドは最近、特に
注目され化学予防物質の候補として研究が盛んである。
その理由として、フラボノイドはほぼすべての食用植
物、果物、根中に存在し、ヒトはかなりの量のフラボノ
イドを、少なくとも23mgは毎日摂取しており、かつ
フラボノイドは熱に対して安定性が高いからである。加
えて、フラボノイド類は無毒であり、さまざまな生物活
性、例えば抗アレルギー性、抗炎症性、フリーラジカル
の除去、酵素活性の調節、抗変異原性、抗発がん性など
を有している。したがって、フラボノイドはがんを含む
フリーラジカル関連疾患に対する化学的予防もしくは治
療薬の候補物質として期待されている。本発明者らの最
近の研究でも、2種類のフラボノイド類、すなわちジオ
スミンとへスペリジンが、ラットの口腔、食道、結腸お
よび膀胱における実験的発がんに対し、効果的な発がん
予防効果を発揮した(Cancer Res. 57: 246-252, 1997
、Carcinogenesis 18: 957-965, 1997、Cancer Res. 5
4: 4653-4659, 1994 、Carcinogenesis 18: 761-769, 1
997、Int. J. Cancer 73:719-724, 1997)。
The present inventors have also found several chemopreventive candidate substances for oral and colon cancer from edible plants including vegetables and fruits (Cancer Res. 57: 246-252, 199).
7, Carcinogenesis 18: 957-965, 1997, J. Toxicol.
Pathol. 9: 139-149, 1996). Hirayama pointed out in a cohort survey of 270,000 Japanese in 1979 (Nutr. Can
cer 1: 67-81, 1979), there is an inverse correlation between high intake of fruits and green and yellow vegetables and the incidence of various cancers. Fruits and vegetables contain large amounts and various flavonoids, and such non-nutrients in addition to nutrients such as carotenoids may contribute to a reduction in the risk of cancer development. Thus, the use of smokeless tobacco has increased the number of young patients with tongue cancer around the world, and in Japan the westernization of eating habits has progressed rapidly.Especially, an increase in fat intake and a decrease in Although the incidence of cancer is increasing, the importance of cancer prevention using non-toxic compounds has been pointed out against such an increasing number of cancers. Of the compounds in plants whose structure is known, flavonoids have recently received particular attention and are being studied as candidates for chemopreventive substances.
Because flavonoids are present in almost all edible plants, fruits, and roots, humans consume significant amounts of flavonoids at least 23 mg daily, and flavonoids are thermally stable. It is. In addition, flavonoids are non-toxic and have various biological activities, such as anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, scavenging free radicals, regulating enzyme activity, anti-mutagenic, anti-carcinogenic, and the like. Therefore, flavonoids are expected as candidates for chemopreventive or therapeutic agents for free radical-related diseases including cancer. In our recent studies, two flavonoids, diosmin and hesperidin, also exerted an effective carcinogenesis prevention effect on experimental carcinogenesis in the oral cavity, esophagus, colon and bladder of rats (Cancer Res. 57: 246-252, 1997
, Carcinogenesis 18: 957-965, 1997, Cancer Res. 5
4: 4653-4659, 1994, Carcinogenesis 18: 761-769, 1
997, Int. J. Cancer 73: 719-724, 1997).

【0005】モリン(morin)もそのようなフラボ
ノイドの一種であり、ケルセチンなどとともにフラボノ
ールに属するポリフェノールである。これまで報告され
ているモリンの生理活性の中では、特に抗酸化作用やア
ラキドン酸カスケードにおけるlipoxygenas
eやcyclooxygenaseの酵素活性を阻害す
る作用や抗変異原が注目に値する。しかし、モリンのが
ん予防作用についてはこれまで報告された例はない。
[0005] Morin is also one of such flavonoids, and is a polyphenol belonging to flavonol together with quercetin and the like. Among the physiological activities of morin that have been reported so far, lipoxygenas particularly in the antioxidant action and arachidonic acid cascade
The effects of inhibiting the enzyme activity of e and cycloxygenase and antimutagens are noteworthy. However, there has been no report on the preventive effect of morin on cancer.

【0006】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】このような状況の中
で、本発明者らは、食用植物中に存在するがん化学予防
物質を見出す目的で、フラボノイドの生理活性、がん予
防作用等について種々研究を進める過程で、フラボノイ
ドの一種のモリン(morin)に着目し、その生理活
性について種々研究を積み重ねた結果、モリン(mor
in)が、がん抑制作用を有することを見い出し、本発
明を完成するに至った。すなわち、本発明は、フラボノ
イドの一種であるモリン(morin)を有効成分とす
る新しい抗腫瘍剤を提供することを目的とするものであ
る。また、本発明は、特に、口腔がん、大腸腫瘍の抑制
作用を有する新規化学的予防薬剤を提供することを目的
とするものである。
Under these circumstances, the present inventors have studied the physiological activities of flavonoids, their cancer-preventing effects, etc. with the aim of finding a cancer chemopreventive substance present in edible plants. In the course of conducting various studies, we focused on morin, a kind of flavonoid, and conducted various studies on its physiological activities.
In) has been found to have a cancer-suppressing action, and the present invention has been completed. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a new antitumor agent containing morin, a kind of flavonoid, as an active ingredient. Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel chemopreventive agent having an inhibitory effect on oral cancer and colorectal tumor.

【0007】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
の本発明は、以下の技術的手段からなる。 (1)フラボノイドの一種のモリン(morin)を有
効成分とすることを特徴とする抗腫瘍剤。 (2)口腔がん、大腸腫瘍を抑制する化学的予防剤であ
る、前記(1)に記載の抗腫瘍剤。
The present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems comprises the following technical means. (1) An antitumor agent comprising morin, a kind of flavonoid, as an active ingredient. (2) The antitumor agent according to (1), which is a chemopreventive agent for suppressing oral cancer and colorectal tumor.

【0008】[0008]

【発明の実施の形態】次に、本発明についてさらに詳細
に説明する。本発明の抗腫瘍剤は、前記のように、フラ
ボノイドの一種のモリン(morin)を有効成分とし
て使用することを特徴としている。モリンは、天然に存
在するフラボノール類の一つで、以下の化学構造式を有
している。
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail. As described above, the antitumor agent of the present invention is characterized in that morin (a kind of flavonoid) is used as an active ingredient. Morin is one of the naturally occurring flavonols and has the following chemical structural formula.

【0009】[0009]

【化1】 Embedded image

【0010】本発明では、上記モリン、モリンの化学的
修飾体、および同効の適宜のモリン誘導体も同様に使用
することができる。これらは市販品を入手し、使用する
ことが可能である。モリン(以下、morinと記載す
ることがある)は、前記したように、フラボノイドの一
種でありケルセチンなどとともにフラボノールに属する
ポリフエノールである。morinにはいくつかの生物
活性があり、特に抗酸化作用やアラキドン酸カスケード
におけるlipoxygenase(LOK)やcyc
looxygenase(COX)の活性を阻害する作
用が知られている。さらに、morinの抗変異原も報
告されている。このようなmorinの生物活性からと
既知の化学予防物質の生物活性を考慮して、morin
の発がん抑制効果を調べるために、本発明者らは、4−
nitroquinoline l−oxide(4−
NQO)誘発ラット舌発がんおよびazoxymeth
ane(AOM)誘発ラット大腸発がんモデルを用いて
morinの混餌投与による発がん抑制作用を検討し
た。即ち、後記する実験例に示したように、舌、大腸の
腫瘍発生頻度に加えて、前がん性病変である舌の異形成
や大腸のaberrant crypt foci(A
CF)の発生頻度をバイオマーカーとして発がん修飾作
用の評価をおこなった。修飾機序に関する検討では、舌
上皮や大腸粘膜上皮の増殖細胞核抗原(PCNA)陽性
細胞率と組織中および血中ポリアミン量を測定して標的
臓器における細胞増殖活性に及ほすmorinの影響
を、肝、舌、大腸粘膜におけるglutathione
S−transferase(GST)活性、qui
none reductase(QR)活性を測定して
解毒酵素活性に及ほすmorinの影響を検討した。
In the present invention, the above-mentioned morin, a chemically modified form of morin, and an appropriate morin derivative having the same effect can also be used. These are commercially available and can be used. As described above, morin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as morin) is a kind of flavonoid and is a polyphenol belonging to flavonol together with quercetin and the like. morin has several biological activities, especially lipoxygenase (LOK) and cyc in the antioxidant and arachidonic acid cascades.
The action of inhibiting the activity of the looxygenase (COX) is known. In addition, morin antimutagens have been reported. Considering the biological activity of morin and the biological activity of known chemopreventive substances, morin
To investigate the carcinogenesis inhibitory effect of
Nitroquinoline l-oxide (4-
NQO) Induced rat tongue carcinogenesis and azoxymeth
Using a ane (AOM) -induced rat colon carcinogenesis model, the inhibitory effect of morin on the administration of a diet was examined. That is, as shown in the experimental examples described below, in addition to the frequency of tumor occurrence in the tongue and the large intestine, dysplasia of the tongue, which is a precancerous lesion, and aberrant crypt foci (A) in the large intestine
The frequency of occurrence of CF) was used as a biomarker to evaluate the carcinogenesis-modifying action. In the study of the mechanism of modification, we examined the effect of morin on cell proliferation activity in target organs by measuring the percentage of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) -positive cells in the tongue epithelium and colonic mucosal epithelium and the amount of polyamine in tissues and blood. Glutathione in the mucous membrane, tongue and colon
S-transferase (GST) activity, qui
The effect of morin on detoxification enzyme activity was examined by measuring none reductase (QR) activity.

【0011】以上の結果から、フラボノイドmorin
の混餌投与で4−NQO誘発舌発がんを効果的に抑制す
ることが明かとなった。また、morinはAOM誘発
大腸発がんにおける大腸がん前駆病変ACFの発生も抑
制したが、大腸がん発生抑制効果は舌がん発生抑制と比
べて著明でなかった。したがって、morinは、口腔
がん、大腸腫瘍、特にヒト舌がんに対する化学的予防剤
として利用可能であることが示唆された。後記する実験
例において、morinの混餌投与は100ppmない
し500ppmの濃度で行ったが、体重増加抑制はみら
れず、主要臓器において毒性を示唆する著明な病理学的
変化は見られなかった。これらの所見は、morinの
毒性は認められないか、あっても極めて低いことを示唆
するものである。がん化学予防物質をヒトへ応用する場
合、長期の経口投与が望まれるため、これらの所見は極
めて重要である。
From the above results, the flavonoid morin
It was found that the administration of a mixed diet effectively suppressed 4-NQO-induced tongue carcinogenesis. Morin also suppressed the occurrence of colon cancer precursor lesion ACF in AOM-induced colorectal carcinogenesis, but the effect of suppressing colorectal cancer development was not remarkable as compared with the suppression of tongue cancer development. Therefore, it was suggested that morin can be used as a chemopreventive agent for oral cancer, colorectal tumor, particularly human tongue cancer. In the experimental examples described later, morin was administered at a concentration of 100 ppm to 500 ppm, but no suppression of weight gain was observed, and no significant pathological changes suggesting toxicity in major organs were observed. These findings suggest that morin has no or very low toxicity. These findings are extremely important for long-term oral administration when applying cancer chemopreventive substances to humans.

【0012】これまで報告された口腔がんや大腸がんに
対する化学予防候補物質の大部分は、標的臓器での細胞
増殖活性を抑制する作用がある。本発明者らは、舌上
皮、大腸粘膜、血中のポリアミン量と舌上皮や大腸粘膜
のPCNA陽性細胞数を用いて、標的臓器の細胞増殖活
性を評価した。後記する実験1におけるこれらの細胞増
殖バイオマーカーの変動の結果から、morinには舌
における細胞増殖を抑制する作用を有することが示唆さ
れた。したがって、morinの舌がんに対する化学予
防の作用機序の一部として、特に後イニシエーション相
投与の場合、標的組織における細胞増殖の抑制が関与し
ていることが示唆された。4−NQOは4−hydro
xyaminoquinoline 1−oxide
(4−HAQO)を経て、4−aminoquinol
ine 1−oxide(4−AQO)に代謝される
が、4−HAQOが発がん性を発揮するといわれてい
る。つまり、4−NQOは前発がん物質で、4−HAQ
Oは直接的(究極)発がん物質である。4−HAQO
は、さらにtRNA synthetaseによる活性
化を受け、seryl−4−HAQOとなりDNA(特
にグアニンやアデニン)と結合し、DNA付加体を形成
する。また、4−NQOの代謝過程ではラジカルも生じ
る可能性があり、4−NQOの発がん性との関わりも論
議されている。4−NQOから4−HAQOへの還元反
応はNADHまたはNAD(P)Hを水素供与体とし
て、DT−diaphorase(QR)によって触媒
される。DT−diaphoraseは舌組織(特に舌
後部)にも存在することから、4−NQOによる舌発が
んには舌組織中のNADH、NAD(P)HやDT−d
iaphoraseの関与が予想される。一般に、がん
原性物質を含む外来毒性物質は第I相、第II相の薬物
代謝酵素によって代謝され、活性化ないし解毒される。
前述したように、他のがん原性物質とは異なり、4−N
QOが発がん性を発揮するには、cytochrome
P450酵素ではなく第II相の薬物代謝酵素DT−
diaphorase(QR)による代謝活性化が必要
である。一方、第II相の薬物代謝酵素であるGST活
性の増加を惹起するいくつかの化合物に、発がん抑制作
用がみられることが指摘されている。
Most of the candidate substances for chemoprevention against oral cancer and colorectal cancer that have been reported so far have the effect of suppressing cell proliferation activity in target organs. The present inventors evaluated the cell proliferating activity of the target organ using the amount of polyamine in the tongue epithelium, colonic mucosa and blood and the number of PCNA-positive cells in the tongue epithelium and colonic mucosa. The results of the changes in these cell proliferation biomarkers in Experiment 1 described later suggested that morin has an effect of suppressing cell proliferation in the tongue. Therefore, it was suggested that as a part of the mechanism of action of morin against chemoprevention against tongue cancer, suppression of cell proliferation in target tissues is involved, particularly in the post-initiation phase administration. 4-NQO is 4-hydro
xyaminoquinoline 1-oxide
Via (4-HAQO), 4-aminoquinol
It is metabolized to ine 1-oxide (4-AQO), but it is said that 4-HAQO exerts carcinogenicity. That is, 4-NQO is a pro-carcinogen and 4-HAQ
O is a direct (ultimate) carcinogen. 4-HAQO
Is further activated by tRNA synthase to become seryl-4-HAQO and bind to DNA (particularly guanine and adenine) to form a DNA adduct. In addition, radicals may also be generated in the metabolic process of 4-NQO, and the involvement of 4-NQO with carcinogenicity has been discussed. The reduction reaction from 4-NQO to 4-HAQO is catalyzed by DT-diaphorase (QR) using NADH or NAD (P) H as a hydrogen donor. Since DT-diaphorase is also present in the tongue tissue (particularly in the posterior tongue), tongue carcinogenesis by 4-NQO requires NADH, NAD (P) H and DT-d in the tongue tissue.
The involvement of iaphorase is expected. In general, exogenous toxic substances including carcinogenic substances are metabolized by phase I and phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes and activated or detoxified.
As mentioned above, unlike other carcinogens, 4-N
In order for QO to exhibit carcinogenicity, cytochrome
Phase II drug metabolizing enzyme DT-, not P450 enzyme
Metabolic activation by diaphorase (QR) is required. On the other hand, it has been pointed out that some compounds that cause an increase in GST activity, which is a phase II drug-metabolizing enzyme, have a carcinogenic inhibitory effect.

【0013】代表的な化合物は、ニンニク中に含まれて
いる含硫化合物である。本発明者らの実験では、舌後部
におけるQR活性は4−NQOのみの投与群で無処置対
照群に比べ、有意に増加していたが、舌前部のQR活性
は、無処置対照群とほぼ同様の値であった。これらの生
化学的データは4−NQOの飲水投与による舌がんは舌
後部に特異的に発生するという病理学的所見と一致す
る。後記する実験1において、morinの混餌投与は
舌後部におけるQR活性を低下させたが、舌前部のQR
値には影響を及ばさなかった。さらに、morinの混
餌投与により肝と舌のGST活性は著しく増加し、ま
た、QR活性も増加した。本発明者らが、新規有機セレ
ニウム化合物が4−NQO誘発舌発がんを著明に抑制す
ることを明らかにした以前の研究(Cancer Res. 57: 36
44-3648, 1997 )でも、同様の結果が得られた。肝や舌
におけるこれらの酵素の活性修飾は、morinの発が
ん化学予防に寄与している可能性があるが、その他の機
序、例えばapoptosisの誘導やCOX−2活性
の抑制の有無についても考慮する必要がある。
A typical compound is a sulfur-containing compound contained in garlic. In our experiments, the QR activity in the posterior tongue was significantly increased in the 4-NQO-only administration group compared to the untreated control group, but the QR activity in the anterior tongue was higher than that in the untreated control group. The values were almost the same. These biochemical data are consistent with the pathological findings that tongue cancer caused by administration of 4-NQO in drinking water occurs specifically in the posterior tongue. In Experiment 1 described below, the administration of morin in combination reduced the QR activity in the posterior tongue, while
The value was not affected. In addition, administration of morin in combination significantly increased GST activity in the liver and tongue, and also increased QR activity. Previous studies by the present inventors showed that novel organoselenium compounds markedly inhibited 4-NQO-induced tongue carcinogenesis (Cancer Res. 57:36).
44-3648, 1997) gave similar results. Modification of the activity of these enzymes in the liver and tongue may contribute to the prevention of morin's carcinogenesis, but also consider other mechanisms such as the induction of apoptosis and suppression of COX-2 activity. There is a need.

【0014】後記する実験2では、予想に反してAOM
誘発大腸発がんに対するmorinの化学予防効果は、
実験1での4−NQO誘発舌発がん抑制効果に比べて弱
い傾向にあった。その原因は不明である。Morinは
LOX−COX活性を抑制することや、COXないしL
OX活性阻害物質のいくつかは発がん抑制作用があるこ
とから、本発明者らはmorinの大腸発がんに対する
抑制効果を予想して実験を行ったが、この実験ではその
抑制効果は舌がん発生抑制と比べて著明ではなかった。
最近、AOM投与ラットに発生した大腸腫瘍ではCOX
−2活性が増加しているという報告や、選択的なCOX
−2阻害物質がAOM誘発大腸発がんを抑制するという
報告がなされた。恐らく、500ppm morin含
有飼料の投与では大腸粘膜のCOX−2活性に影響しな
かったものと考えられる。加えて、最近報告されたmo
rinのpro−oxidant作用も本発明の実験で
認められたmorinの大腸発がんにおける比較的弱い
抑制作用に関係している可能性がある。
In Experiment 2 to be described later, contrary to expectation, AOM
Morin's chemopreventive effect on induced colon carcinogenesis
There was a tendency to be weaker than the effect of suppressing 4-NQO-induced tongue carcinogenesis in Experiment 1. The cause is unknown. Morin inhibits LOX-COX activity,
Since some of the OX activity inhibitory substances have a carcinogenesis-suppressing action, the present inventors carried out experiments in anticipation of the inhibitory effect of morin on colorectal carcinogenesis. It was not noticeable compared to.
Recently, COX was found in colorectal tumors occurring in AOM-treated rats.
-2 Reported increase in activity and selective COX
-2 inhibitors have been reported to suppress AOM-induced colon carcinogenesis. Probably, administration of the diet containing 500 ppm morin did not affect COX-2 activity of the colonic mucosa. In addition, recently reported mo
The pro-oxidant effect of rin may also be related to the relatively weak inhibitory effect of morin on colon carcinogenesis observed in the experiments of the present invention.

【0015】AOM投与後にmorinを混餌投与する
と大腸粘膜のGST、QRの両活性を増加させたが、A
OMとの同時投与ではGST活性のみを上昇させた。こ
のような解毒酵素に対する修飾作用もmorinの比較
的弱い大腸発がん抑制作用に関係していることが考えら
れる。多様な遺伝子変化を伴う多段階発がんにおいて、
細胞増殖は重要な役割を果たしている。ポリアミンやo
rnithine decarboxylaseを含む
ポリアミン合成酵素などは、細胞増殖に関与している。
PCNA陽性細胞数の減少はS期細胞の減少を反映して
おり、細胞増殖活性の低下を意味する。最近の細胞回転
における分子生物学的解析により、正常な細胞周期では
cyclin−dependent kinaseの発
現、チェックポイント制御や修復過程がいかに統制され
て行われているか、また、この細胞周期調節はある特定
の遺伝子変化によって破壊され得ることが明かとなっ
た。これらの変化は増殖正常組織や増殖性腫瘍組織で生
じていると考えられる。したがって、ポリアミン量やP
CNA陽性細胞数を低下させることは、腫瘍や前がん性
病変における細胞増殖活性を抑制することに繋がる。本
発明者らの研究では、ポリアミン量(大腸粘膜、舌上
皮、血中)やPCNA陽性細胞数(大腸粘膜、舌上皮)
は、morinの混餌投与で有意に低下した。したがっ
て、morinの発がん抑制効果は標的臓器における細
胞増殖の修飾によると考えられる。
When morin was administered as a diet after AOM administration, both GST and QR activities of the colonic mucosa were increased.
Co-administration with OM only increased GST activity. It is considered that such a modifying action on the detoxification enzyme is also related to the relatively weak colon carcinogenesis inhibitory action of morin. In multi-stage carcinogenesis with various genetic changes,
Cell proliferation plays an important role. Polyamine or o
Polyamine synthase including rnithine decarboxylase is involved in cell growth.
A decrease in the number of PCNA-positive cells reflects a decrease in S-phase cells, which means a decrease in cell proliferation activity. Recent molecular biology analysis of cell rotation shows how the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase, checkpoint control and repair processes are regulated in the normal cell cycle. It became clear that it could be destroyed by genetic alterations. These changes are considered to have occurred in normal proliferating tissues and proliferating tumor tissues. Therefore, the amount of polyamine and P
Reducing the number of CNA-positive cells leads to suppression of cell proliferation activity in tumors and precancerous lesions. In our study, the amount of polyamine (colorectal mucosa, tongue epithelium, blood) and the number of PCNA-positive cells (colorectal mucosa, tongue epithelium)
Was significantly reduced by morin ingestion. Therefore, it is considered that the inhibitory effect of morin on carcinogenesis is due to the modification of cell proliferation in the target organ.

【0016】以上、本発明により、morinの発がん
抑制効果は大腸よりも舌において、より効果的であるこ
とが明かとなった。このようなmorinの発がんに対
する化学予防効果は、発がん物質により誘発された標的
臓器の高増殖活性の制御や第II相の薬物代謝酵素の誘
導と関連していると考えられた。本発明の抗腫瘍剤は、
例えば、有効成分のモリン、その化学的修飾体、および
同効の適宜のモリン誘導体と、薬学的に許容される適宜
の担体、から構成され、必要に応じて、任意の副次的成
分を配合することができる。上記担体、副次的成分とし
ては、例えば、任意の充填剤、結合剤、増量剤、崩壊
剤、表面活性剤、防湿剤、賦形剤、希釈剤などを使用す
ることができるが、これらに限らず、薬学的に許容され
る成分であれば、任意の成分を使用することが可能であ
り、その種類、配合量は特に制限されない。また、製剤
形態は、その使用目的に応じて適宜決定すればよく、特
に限定されないが、例えば、錠剤、顆粒剤、粉末剤、丸
薬、カプセルなどの固剤や、液剤、懸濁剤、乳剤などが
例示される。本発明の抗腫瘍剤は、化学的予防薬剤とし
て使用する場合、好適には、長期の経口投与が望まし
く、その投与量は、投与する者の症状等に応じて適宜選
択される。したがって、投与量、投与回数などは特に制
限されない。
As described above, according to the present invention, it has been revealed that the inhibitory effect of morin on carcinogenesis is more effective in the tongue than in the large intestine. Such a chemopreventive effect of morin against carcinogenesis was considered to be related to the control of the high proliferative activity of the target organ induced by the carcinogen and the induction of phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes. The antitumor agent of the present invention,
For example, the active ingredient is composed of morin, a chemically modified form thereof, and an appropriate morin derivative having the same effect, and an appropriate pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. can do. As the carrier, an auxiliary component, for example, any filler, binder, extender, disintegrant, surfactant, moisture barrier, excipient, diluent, and the like can be used. The components are not limited, and any components can be used as long as they are pharmaceutically acceptable, and the type and amount of the components are not particularly limited. The formulation may be appropriately determined according to the purpose of use, and is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include tablets, granules, powders, pills, solids such as capsules, liquids, suspensions, and emulsions. Is exemplified. When the antitumor agent of the present invention is used as a chemopreventive agent, it is preferable to administer the oral agent for a long period of time, and the dose is appropriately selected according to the condition of the recipient. Therefore, the dose, the number of times of administration, and the like are not particularly limited.

【0017】実験例 次に、実験例に基づいて本発明を具体的に説明する。 1)実験動物、食餌、発がん物質 本実験では、4週齢の雄性F344ラツト(静岡実験動
物センター、静岡)を使用した。ラットはワイヤー製ケ
ージ内に収容し(3または4匹/ケージ)、飲用水と基
礎食CE−2(日本クレア、東京)は自由摂取とした。
動物は、温度23±2℃、湿度50±10%、12時間
の明暗サイクルの条件でコントロールされた動物室で飼
育した。実験動物は搬入後、14日間の検疫を行い、実
験群と対照群とに無作為に分けた。実験期間中、基礎食
として粉末基礎食CE−2(345.2Cal)を使用
したが、その成分は粗炭水化物45.5%、粗タンパク
質24.8%、粗脂肪46%、粗灰分7.2%、粗セル
ロース4.2%、ミネラル3.9%、ビタミン混合物1
%、水分8.8%であった。発がん剤としては4−NQ
O(CAS56−57−5、純度98%、和光純薬、大
阪)、AOM(SIGMA社、セントルイス)を使用し
た。morin(2′、3′、4′5、7ーペンタヒド
ロキシフラボン)は東京化成工業(東京)より購入し
た。morin含有飼料は100ppmと500ppm
の濃度で粉末基礎食CE−2に混合し、2週間隔で作製
した。4−NQO溶液(20ppm)は、週1回作製
し、実験飼料とともに使用まで冷暗所(4℃)に保管し
た。尚、AOMの投与(15mg/kg体重)は午前1
0時と11時の間に胸部皮下注射で行った。
Experimental Example Next, the present invention will be specifically described based on an experimental example. 1) Experimental animals, diet, carcinogens In this experiment, 4-week-old male F344 rats (Shizuoka Experimental Animal Center, Shizuoka) were used. Rats were housed in wire cages (3 or 4 animals / cage) and had free access to drinking water and basal diet CE-2 (CLEA Japan, Tokyo).
The animals were housed in a controlled animal room under conditions of a temperature of 23 ± 2 ° C., a humidity of 50 ± 10%, and a 12-hour light / dark cycle. After carrying in the experimental animals, they were quarantined for 14 days and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. During the experiment, a powdered basal diet CE-2 (345.2 Cal) was used as the basal diet, and its components were 45.5% crude carbohydrate, 24.8% crude protein, 46% crude fat, 7.2% crude ash. %, Crude cellulose 4.2%, mineral 3.9%, vitamin mixture 1
% And the water content was 8.8%. 4-NQ as a carcinogen
O (CAS 56-57-5, purity 98%, Wako Pure Chemical, Osaka) and AOM (SIGMA, St. Louis) were used. Morin (2 ', 3', 4'5, 7-pentahydroxyflavone) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry (Tokyo). Morin-containing feed is 100ppm and 500ppm
Was mixed with the powdered basal diet CE-2 at a concentration of 2 weeks and made at two-week intervals. The 4-NQO solution (20 ppm) was prepared once a week and stored in a cool and dark place (4 ° C.) with the experimental feed until use. The administration of AOM (15 mg / kg body weight) was 1
A subcutaneous thoracic injection was performed between 0 and 11 o'clock.

【0018】2)実験方法 モリンのがん予防効果を4−nitroquinoli
ne 1−oxide(4−NQO)誘発ラット舌発が
んモデル(実験1)ならびにazoxymethane
(AOM)誘発ラット大腸発がんモデル(実験2)で検
討した。モリンは発がん剤投与中(イニシエーション
相)ないし発がん剤投与後(後イニシエーション相)に
通常の餌(基礎食)に混ぜてラットに与えた(混餌投
与)。
2) Experimental method Morin was tested for its cancer-preventive effect by 4-nitroquinoli.
Ne 1-oxide (4-NQO) -induced rat tongue carcinogenesis model (Experiment 1) and azoxymethane
(AOM) Induced in a rat colon carcinogenesis model (Experiment 2). Morin was mixed with a normal diet (basal diet) and given to rats during administration of the carcinogen (initiation phase) or after administration of the carcinogen (post-initiation phase) (administration of a mixed diet).

【0019】(1)実験1 (モリンの4−NQO誘発舌発がん抑制効果)F344
雄性ラット136匹を実験群とコントロール群に分け、
舌がんを誘発するため、7週齢時より4−NQOを20
ppmの濃度で飲水投与した。モリンはイニシエーショ
ン相、後イニシエーション相に100ppmないし50
0ppmの濃度で混餌投与した。モリンのイニシエーン
ョン相投与は4−NQO投与の1週間前から10週間混
餌投与し、その後22週間は基礎食を投与した。モリン
の後イニシエーション相投与は4−NQO投与中止の1
週間後から22週間混餌投与した。別に、モリンのみの
投与群と未処置対照群を設け、実験は32週で終了した
(図1)。
(1) Experiment 1 (Effect of Morin on 4-NQO-Induced Tongue Carcinogenesis) F344
136 male rats were divided into an experimental group and a control group,
In order to induce tongue cancer, 4-NQO was administered at 20 weeks of age.
Drinking water was administered at a concentration of ppm. Morin is present in the initiation and post-initiation phases at 100 ppm to 50 ppm.
They were fed at a concentration of 0 ppm. In the initiation phase of morin, a diet was administered for 10 weeks from one week before administration of 4-NQO, and then a basal diet was administered for 22 weeks thereafter. Initiation phase administration after morin is the discontinuation of 4-NQO administration.
After a week, the mice were administered a diet for 22 weeks. Separately, a morin-only administration group and an untreated control group were provided, and the experiment was completed at 32 weeks (FIG. 1).

【0020】(2)実験2 (モリンのAOM誘発大腸発がん抑制効果)F344雄
性ラット55匹を用い、大腸腫瘍は15mg/kg体重
のAOMを週1回、計3回、前胸部に皮下注射して誘発
した。モリンは500ppmの濃度でイニシエーション
相投与では5週間、後イニシエーション相投与では28
週間、混餌投与した。その他、モリンのみの投与群と未
処置対照群を設けた(図2)。
(2) Experiment 2 (Effect of Morin on AOM-Induced Colorectal Carcinogenesis) Using 55 male F344 rats, 15 mg / kg body weight of AOM was subcutaneously injected into the anterior chest three times a week once for a large intestine tumor. Triggered. Morin was administered at a concentration of 500 ppm for 5 weeks in the initiation phase and 28 mg in the post-initiation phase.
They were fed on a diet for a week. In addition, a morin-only administration group and an untreated control group were provided (FIG. 2).

【0021】(3)病理組織学的検索 実験終了時に犠牲死させた動物は直ちに解剖し、全臓器
について肉眼的観察を行い、肉眼所見を記録した後、全
臓器を10%中性緩衝ホルマリンで固定した。舌、大腸
では腫瘍数とその大きさも記録した。主要臓器(肝、
肺、腎)とともに舌、大腸は型のごとく、脱水・透徹
後、パラフィン包埋し、組織学的検討のためへマトキシ
リン・エオジン染色を行った。
(3) Histopathological search Animals sacrificed at the end of the experiment were immediately dissected, macroscopically observed for all organs, recorded macroscopically, and then all organs were treated with 10% neutral buffered formalin. Fixed. In the tongue and colon, the number of tumors and their size were also recorded. Major organs (liver,
The tongue and large intestine together with the lungs and kidneys were in the same shape as the mold.

【0022】(4)大腸ACFの解析 10%中性緩衝ホルマリンで24時間、室温にて固定
後、大腸を0.5%メチレンブルー溶液で30秒間染色
した。染色後、40倍(対物4倍)の光学顕微鏡下でA
CFを観察した。本実験では大腸を3等分(近位部、中
間部、遠位部)し、各部におけるACFの数とAC数に
よる分布を算定した。
(4) Analysis of colorectal ACF After fixation with 10% neutral buffered formalin for 24 hours at room temperature, the colorectum was stained with 0.5% methylene blue solution for 30 seconds. After staining, A under a 40 × (4 × objective) light microscope
CF was observed. In this experiment, the large intestine was divided into three equal parts (proximal part, middle part, and distal part), and the distribution of the number of ACFs and the number of ACs in each part was calculated.

【0023】(5)PCNA免疫組織化学染色 舌、大腸粘膜におけるPCNA陽性細胞を測定するた
め、抗PCNA抗体(DAKO社、京都)を用いた酵素
抗体法[abidin biotin complex
(ABC)法]でPCNA免疫組織化学染色を行った。
染色は既報の方法(Cancer Letter. 75: 73-78, 1993)
に従った。組織切片作製後、キシレンで脱パラフィン、
エタノールで脱キシレン、水洗した後、0.3%過酸化
水素水で30分間インキュべートして内因性ペルオキシ
ターゼ活性を阻止した。次いで、10%正常ウマ血清と
共に室温で30分間インキュベートし、その後にPCN
A抗体を用いて染色した。舌におけるPCNA陽性細胞
の測定は各群から5匹の舌を無作為に選び、1切片で舌
前部と後部の非病変部における200個の重層扁平上皮
細胞についてPCNA陽性細胞を算定し、100分率で
表した(PCNA陽性率)。大腸におけるPCNA陽性
細胞数の測定も各群5匹の大腸を無作為に選択し、AC
Fおよび非病変部の陰窩で行った。ACFにおけるPC
NA陽性細胞数の測定は大腸当たり10個のACFにつ
いてその構成細胞数とPCNA陽性細胞数を測定し、後
者を前者で除することにより100分率で表した(PC
NA陽性率)。陰窩での測定は、形が完全に認められる
陰窩を各大腸で15個選び、PCNA陽性細胞数と各陰
窩における全細胞数を測定し、PCNA陽性細胞数を全
細胞数で除することにより、100分率で表した(PC
NA陽性率)。
(5) PCNA immunohistochemical staining In order to measure PCNA-positive cells in the tongue and colon mucosa, an enzyme antibody method using an anti-PCNA antibody (DAKO, Kyoto) [abidin biotin complex] was used.
(ABC) method].
Staining was reported previously (Cancer Letter. 75: 73-78, 1993)
Followed. After preparing tissue sections, deparaffinize with xylene,
After dexylene washing with ethanol and washing with water, the cells were incubated with 0.3% hydrogen peroxide solution for 30 minutes to inhibit endogenous peroxidase activity. It is then incubated with 10% normal horse serum for 30 minutes at room temperature followed by PCN
Staining was performed using the A antibody. For the measurement of PCNA-positive cells in the tongue, five tongues were randomly selected from each group, and PCNA-positive cells were calculated for 200 stratified squamous epithelial cells in the anterior and posterior non-lesional areas in one section. It was expressed as a fraction (PCNA positive rate). For the measurement of the number of PCNA-positive cells in the large intestine, five colons in each group were randomly selected, and AC
F and crypts of non-lesional areas. PC at ACF
For the measurement of the number of NA-positive cells, the number of constituent cells and the number of PCNA-positive cells were measured for 10 ACFs per colon, and the latter was divided by the former and expressed as a percentage (PC
NA positive rate). In the measurement in the crypt, 15 crypts whose shape is completely recognized are selected in each colon, the number of PCNA-positive cells and the total number of cells in each crypt are measured, and the number of PCNA-positive cells is divided by the total number of cells. In this way, it was expressed as a percentage (PC
NA positive rate).

【0024】(6)ポリアミン量の測定 解剖時に実験1、2の各群から3ないし5匹のラットの
舌上皮と大腸粘膜を薄切切片作製用の替え刃ナイフで削
ぎ落とし、組織中ポリアミン量の測定に供した。また、
血中ポリアミン量は犠牲死の直前にラットの心臓から採
血した血液(5ml)を測定に供した。組織中ならびに
血中ポリアミン量の測定は、小出ら(Acta Urol Jpn. 3
6: 1103-1108, 1990)の方法によって従った。
(6) Measurement of the amount of polyamine At the time of dissection, the tongue epithelium and colon mucosa of 3 to 5 rats from each group of Experiments 1 and 2 were scraped off with a replacement blade knife for preparing a thin section. Was used for the measurement. Also,
The amount of polyamine in the blood was measured using blood (5 ml) collected from the heart of the rat immediately before the sacrifice. Measurement of polyamine levels in tissues and blood was performed by Koide et al. (Acta Urol Jpn. 3
6: 1103-1108, 1990).

【0025】(7)GSTおよびQR活性の測定 実験1、2の終了時に、いずれも各群5匹のラットでG
STおよびQR活性を測定した。実験1では、肝、舌上
皮の、実験2では大腸粘膜のGST活性とQR活性を測
定した。肝での測定は動物を犠牲死させ、肝を生理食塩
水で還流し血液を除去した後、直ちに細切して活性を測
定した。舌上皮や大腸粘膜での測定は、ポリアミン量の
測定と同様、薄切切片作製用の替え刃ナイフで上皮、粘
膜を削ぎ落とし、酵素活性の測定に供した。得られた測
定用サンプルを公知の方法に従い処理し、1−chlo
ro−2,4−dinitrobenzeneを基質と
してGST活性を、NADHとmenadioneを基
質としてQR活性を測定した。すべての分光分析は34
0nmで、各サンプルについて3回測定した。酵素活性
の1単位は25℃で1分当たりlμmolの基質転化を
触媒する酵素量とした。タンパク量は、基準値にウシ血
清アルブミンを用いるBradfordの方法により決
定した。
(7) Measurement of GST and QR activities At the end of Experiments 1 and 2, G
ST and QR activities were measured. In Experiment 1, GST activity and QR activity in liver and tongue epithelium were measured, and in Experiment 2, GST activity and QR activity in colon mucosa were measured. For the measurement in the liver, the animals were sacrificed and the liver was refluxed with physiological saline to remove the blood. In the measurement of the tongue epithelium and the colon mucosa, the epithelium and the mucous membrane were scraped off with a replaceable blade knife for preparing thin sections, as in the measurement of the amount of polyamine, and the enzyme activity was measured. The obtained measurement sample was treated according to a known method, and 1-chloro
GST activity was measured using ro-2,4-dinitrobenzene as a substrate, and QR activity was measured using NADH and menadione as substrates. All spectroscopy is 34
At 0 nm, three measurements were taken for each sample. One unit of enzyme activity was the amount of enzyme that catalyzes 1 μmol of substrate conversion per minute at 25 ° C. The protein amount was determined by the method of Bradford using bovine serum albumin as a reference value.

【0026】3)統計学的処理 実験1、2における各測定値の統計学的有意差検定はS
tudent’s t−test、Welch’s t
−test、χ2 検定、Fisher’s exact
probability testで処理した。
3) Statistical processing The statistical significance test for each measured value in Experiments 1 and 2 was S
student's t-test, Welch's t
-Test, χ 2 test, Fisher's exact
Processed with the probability test.

【0027】4)結果 実験1: (1)一般所見 実験期間中、動物は発がん剤4−NQOの経口投与およ
びmorinの混餌投与に対して十分に耐え、全ての群
においてラットに毒性を示す臨床兆候はみられなかっ
た。組織学的にも、肝、腎、心、肺などの主要臓器にお
いて、morinの毒性を示すような病理学組織学的変
化はなかった。
4) Results Experiment 1: (1) General Findings During the experiment period, animals were well tolerated by oral administration of carcinogen 4-NQO and dietary administration of morin, and were toxic to rats in all groups. No signs were seen. Histologically, there were no pathological histological changes in the major organs such as the liver, kidney, heart, and lung, which indicate morin toxicity.

【0028】(2)舌腫瘍および前がん性病変の発生頻
度 上記実験の結果、表1、2に示すようにモリンのイニシ
エーンョン相投与により、舌がんの発生頻度が有意に低
下した(100ppmモリン投与で44%の抑制率、P
=0.0004;500 ppm モリン投与で100
%の抑制率、P=0.00003)。モリンの後イニシ
エーション相投与でも、舌がんの発生頻度が有意に低下
した(100 ppm、500ppmのモリン投与でい
ずれも44%の抑制率、P=0.0003)。モリンに
よる毒性作用は実験期間中、みられなかった。
(2) Frequency of occurrence of tongue tumor and precancerous lesions As a result of the above experiments, as shown in Tables 1 and 2, administration of morin in the initiation phase significantly reduced the frequency of occurrence of tongue cancer (100 ppm). Morin administration 44% inhibition rate, P
= 0.0004; 100 at 500 ppm morin administration
% Inhibition, P = 0.00003). The incidence of tongue cancer was significantly reduced even after administration of morin in the initiation phase (44% inhibition rate, P = 0.0003 for both 100 ppm and 500 ppm morin administration). No toxic effects from morin were observed during the experiment.

【0029】[0029]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0030】[0030]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0031】(3)舌上皮におけるPCNA陽性細胞率 舌上皮におけるPCNA陽性細胞率を調べた結果、舌前
部におけるPCNA陽性細胞率は各群間で差はなかっ
た。舌後部のPCNA陽性率は第1群で第7群に比べ、
有意に高かった(P<0.05)。また、第2、3、5
群のPCNA陽性細胞率は第1群に比べ、有意に低かっ
た(P<0.05ないしP<0.02)。
(3) PCNA positive cell rate in tongue epithelium As a result of examining the PCNA positive cell rate in the tongue epithelium, the PCNA positive cell rate in the anterior tongue was not different between the groups. The PCNA positive rate in the posterior tongue was higher in Group 1 than in Group 7.
Significantly higher (P <0.05). Second, third, fifth
The PCNA positive cell rate in the group was significantly lower than that in the first group (P <0.05 to P <0.02).

【0032】(4)舌上皮中および血中ポリアミン量 舌上皮と血中ポリアミン量(diamine量、spe
rmidine量、spermine量およびその総
和)を調べた結果、4−NQOのみを与えたラット(第
1群)の舌上皮の総ポリアミン量は、無処置ラット(第
7群)に比べ有意に高かった(P<0.05)(Tab
le 5)。第4、5群の舌上皮と血中の総ポリアミン
量は第1群に比べ、有意に低かった(P<0.05、T
ables5、6)。
(4) Polyamine content in tongue epithelium and blood Polyamine content in tongue epithelium and blood (diamine content, spe
As a result of examining the amount of rmidine and the amount of spermine and the sum thereof, the total polyamine content of the tongue epithelium of the rats (Group 1) receiving only 4-NQO was significantly higher than that of the untreated rats (Group 7). (P <0.05) (Tab
le 5). Total polyamine levels in the tongue epithelium and blood in groups 4 and 5 were significantly lower than those in group 1 (P <0.05, T
ables 5, 6).

【0033】(5)肝、舌におけるGST、QR活性 肝、舌のGST活性とQR活性を測定した結果、第1群
の肝と舌(前部および後部)におけるGST活性は、未
処置群よりわずかに低かった。第2、3群における肝
の、第5群における舌後部の、第2−5群における舌前
部のGST活性は、第1群に比べ有意に高かった(P<
0.05、P<0.02、P<0.005、P<0.0
01ないしP<0.01)。第1群における肝、舌後部
のQR活性は第7群に比べ、有意に小さかった(P<
0.001)。第3−5群における肝のQR活性は第1
群に比べ、有意に高かった(P<0.05またはP<
0.001)。第2−5群における舌後部のQR活性
は、第1群に比べ、有意に低下した(R<0.00
1)。
(5) GST and QR activities in liver and tongue As a result of measuring GST activity and QR activity in liver and tongue, GST activity in liver and tongue (anterior and posterior) of group 1 was higher than that of untreated group. It was slightly lower. GST activity in the liver in groups 2 and 3, in the posterior tongue in group 5, and in the anterior tongue in group 2-5 was significantly higher than in group 1 (P <
0.05, P <0.02, P <0.005, P <0.0
01 to P <0.01). The QR activity in the liver and posterior tongue in group 1 was significantly lower than that in group 7 (P <
0.001). The hepatic QR activity in group 3-5 was the first
Significantly higher (P <0.05 or P <
0.001). The QR activity of the posterior tongue in group 2-5 was significantly reduced as compared to group 1 (R <0.00
1).

【0034】実験2: (1)一般所見 実験1と同様、動物は発がん剤AOMの皮下投与および
morinの混餌投与に対して十分に耐え、期間中、全
ての群においてラットに毒性を示す臨床兆候を認めなか
った。組織学的にも、肝、腎、心、肺などの主要臓器に
おいて、morinの毒性を示す病理学組織学的変化は
なかった。
Experiment 2: (1) General findings As in Experiment 1, animals were well tolerated by the subcutaneous administration of the carcinogen AOM and the dietary administration of morin, and during the period clinical signs showing toxicity to rats in all groups. Did not admit. Histologically, there were no pathological histological changes in the major organs such as liver, kidney, heart, and lung, which indicate morin toxicity.

【0035】(2)腸管腫瘍の発生頻度と発生腫瘍個数 上記実験の結果、表3、4、5に示すように、実験終了
時(32週)の大腸腺がんの発生頻度は、モリンのイニ
シエーション相投与で軽度の抑制効果があり(43%の
抑制率)、後イニシエーション相投与ではAOM単独投
与群に比べ有意に減少していた(61%の抑制率、P=
0.023)。実験1と同様、実験期間中にモリンの毒
性作用はなかった。
(2) Frequency of occurrence of intestinal tumors and number of tumors As a result of the above experiments, as shown in Tables 3, 4 and 5, the frequency of colorectal adenocarcinoma at the end of the experiment (32 weeks) was The initiation phase administration had a mild inhibitory effect (43% inhibition rate), and the post-initiation phase administration significantly decreased compared to the AOM alone administration group (61% inhibition rate, P =
0.023). As in experiment 1, there was no toxic effect of morin during the experiment.

【0036】[0036]

【表3】 [Table 3]

【0037】[0037]

【表4】 [Table 4]

【0038】[0038]

【表5】 [Table 5]

【0039】(3)大腸ACFの頻度 大腸ACFの解析結果を調べた結果、AOM投与したラ
ット(第1−3群)では、morin投与の有無に関わ
らずACFの発生を認めたが、第4、5群のラット大腸
にはACFを認めなかった。第2、3群の大腸当たりの
ACFの頻度、単位面積(cm2 )当たりのACF数、
大腸当たりの総変異陰窩数は、第1群に比べ、有意に低
かった(P<0.0005ないしP<0.01)。しか
し、focus当たりの変異陰窩数については、これら
の群間で統計学的有意差はなかった。
(3) Frequency of Colorectal ACF As a result of analyzing the results of colorectal ACF analysis, AOM-administered rats (Groups 1-3) showed ACF generation regardless of the presence or absence of morin. No ACF was observed in the large intestine of the rats in group 5. The frequency of ACF per colon in the second and third groups, the number of ACF per unit area (cm2),
The total number of mutant crypts per colon was significantly lower than in the first group (P <0.0005 to P <0.01). However, there was no statistically significant difference between these groups in the number of mutant crypts per focus.

【0040】(4)陰窩およびACFにおけるPCNA
陽性細胞率 大腸陰窩とACFにおけるPCNA陽性細胞率を調べた
結果、ACFのPCNA陽性細胞率は正常陰窩に比べ、
高い傾向にあった。Morinの混餌投与によりACF
や正常陰窩のPCNA陽性細胞率は低下した。第3群の
ACFにおけるPCNA陽性細胞率は第1群に比べ、有
意に低値であった(P<0.05)。
(4) PCNA in crypts and ACF
Positive cell rate As a result of examining the PCNA-positive cell rate in the colon crypts and ACF, the PCNA-positive cell rate of ACF was higher than that of normal crypts.
There was a high tendency. ACF by administration of mixed diet of Morin
And the percentage of PCNA-positive cells in normal crypts decreased. The PCNA-positive cell ratio in the ACF of the third group was significantly lower than that of the first group (P <0.05).

【0041】(5)大腸粘膜および血中ポリアミン量 大腸粘膜中および血中ポリアミン量(diamine
量、spermidine量、spermine量およ
びその総和)を調べた結果、AOMのみの投与群(第1
群)における大腸粘膜と血中総ポリアミン量は無処置対
照群(第5群)に比べ、有意に高かった(P<0.00
1ないしP<0.02)。Morinの混餌投与(第
2、3群)で大腸粘膜の総ポリアミン量(P<0.02
またはP<0.005、表13)と血中総ポリアミン量
(P<0.05、Table 14)は有意に低下し
た。
(5) Content of colonic mucosa and blood polyamines Content of colonic mucosa and blood polyamines (diamine)
The amount, spermidine amount, spermine amount and the sum thereof) were examined, and as a result, the AOM-only administration group (first group)
Group) had significantly higher amounts of total polyamines in the colon and blood in comparison with the untreated control group (group 5) (P <0.00).
1 to P <0.02). The total amount of polyamine in the colonic mucosa (P <0.02)
Or, P <0.005, Table 13) and blood total polyamine content (P <0.05, Table 14) were significantly reduced.

【0042】(6)大腸におけるGST、QR活性 大腸粘膜GST活性値を調べた結果、AOMのみの投与
群(第1群)の大腸粘膜GST活性、QR活性は無処置
対照群(第5群)に比べて低値であった(P<0.00
1)。AOMとmorinを投与した第2、3群の大腸
粘膜GST活性は有意に増加した(P<0.001)。
第3群の大腸粘膜QR活性も有意に増加していた(P<
0.01)。
(6) GST and QR activities in the large intestine As a result of examining the GST activity in the large intestine mucosa, the GST activity and the QR activity in the large intestine of the group to which only AOM was administered (group 1) were untreated control group (group 5) (P <0.00
1). GST activity of colonic mucosa in the second and third groups to which AOM and morin were administered was significantly increased (P <0.001).
The colorectal mucosal QR activity of the third group was also significantly increased (P <
0.01).

【0043】以上の結果から、フラボノイドであるモリ
ンには舌や大腸におけるがん予防作用が存在することが
明かとなった。また、毒性がないことから、ヒト舌が
ん、大腸がんの予防に応用できることが判明した。
From the above results, it has been clarified that morin which is a flavonoid has a cancer preventive action on the tongue and large intestine. In addition, since it has no toxicity, it has been found that it can be applied to prevention of human tongue cancer and colorectal cancer.

【0044】[0044]

【実施例】次に、実施例に基づいて本発明を具体的に説
明する。 実施例1 モリンと結合剤をモリン10mg/ペレットとなるよう
に配合して、常法によりペレット状の錠剤を作製し、本
発明の抗腫瘍剤としての化学的予防薬を製造した。
Next, the present invention will be specifically described based on examples. Example 1 Morin and a binder were blended at a concentration of 10 mg of morin / pellet to prepare a pellet-shaped tablet by a conventional method, and a chemopreventive drug as an antitumor agent of the present invention was produced.

【0045】実施例2 以下の配合により、液剤を製造した。 モリン 25mg 溶剤 50mlExample 2 A liquid preparation was prepared according to the following formulation. Morin 25mg Solvent 50ml

【0046】[0046]

【発明の効果】以上詳述したとおり、本発明は、フラボ
ノイドの一種のモリン(morin)を有効成分とする
ことを特徴とする抗腫瘍剤に係るものであり、本発明に
より、 1)毒性のない、新しい抗腫瘍剤を提供することができ
る、2)特に、舌がん、大腸腫瘍の抑制作用を有する化
学予防薬剤としての抗腫瘍剤を提供することができる、
という格別の効果が奏される。
As described above in detail, the present invention relates to an antitumor agent characterized by using morin, a kind of flavonoid, as an active ingredient. Can provide a new antitumor agent; 2) can provide an antitumor agent as a chemopreventive agent having an inhibitory effect on tongue cancer and colorectal tumor;
This is a special effect.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】舌がん抑制実験デザインの説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a tongue cancer suppression experiment design.

【図2】大腸がん抑制実験デザインの説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a colorectal cancer suppression experiment design.

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 フラボノイドの一種のモリン(mori
n)を有効成分とすることを特徴とする抗腫瘍剤。
1. Morin, a kind of flavonoids
An antitumor agent comprising n) as an active ingredient.
【請求項2】 口腔がん、大腸腫瘍を抑制する化学的予
防剤である、請求項1に記載の抗腫瘍剤。
2. The antitumor agent according to claim 1, which is a chemopreventive agent for suppressing oral cancer and colorectal tumor.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005035981A (en) * 2003-07-01 2005-02-10 Maruzen Pharmaceut Co Ltd Anti-inflammatory agent and anti-aging agent
JP2007084446A (en) * 2005-09-20 2007-04-05 Pola Chem Ind Inc Skin lotion

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102429897B (en) * 2011-09-16 2013-03-13 四川大学 Pharmaceutical composition for improving oral bioavailability of morin

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JPH01501791A (en) * 1986-11-19 1989-06-22 ケメックス ファーマシューティカルズ,インコーポレイティド Pharmacologically active compounds and mixtures thereof, organic compositions and metal salts

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JPH01501791A (en) * 1986-11-19 1989-06-22 ケメックス ファーマシューティカルズ,インコーポレイティド Pharmacologically active compounds and mixtures thereof, organic compositions and metal salts

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005035981A (en) * 2003-07-01 2005-02-10 Maruzen Pharmaceut Co Ltd Anti-inflammatory agent and anti-aging agent
JP2007084446A (en) * 2005-09-20 2007-04-05 Pola Chem Ind Inc Skin lotion

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