JP2001038120A - Filter sand washing method and system therefor - Google Patents
Filter sand washing method and system thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001038120A JP2001038120A JP11213056A JP21305699A JP2001038120A JP 2001038120 A JP2001038120 A JP 2001038120A JP 11213056 A JP11213056 A JP 11213056A JP 21305699 A JP21305699 A JP 21305699A JP 2001038120 A JP2001038120 A JP 2001038120A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sand
- washing
- filter
- filtered
- rapid filtration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、水の浄化を行う濾
過池の濾過砂を洗浄する方法及びシステムに関し、詳し
くは急速濾過池の濾過砂の一部を取り出して洗浄を行う
洗浄方法及びシステムに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and a system for cleaning filter sand in a filter pond for purifying water, and more particularly to a method and a system for cleaning by removing a part of filter sand in a rapid filter pond. It is about.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】浄水場における浄水処理は、河川、湖沼
から引き込んだ原水に薬品を注入して原水中の浮遊物を
沈殿しやすい大きさの塊にして沈殿させ、上澄みを濾過
池に送り、ここでさらに微細な浮遊物を砂（濾過砂）の
層を通して取り除き、濾過した水を塩素で消毒すること
により行われている。急速濾過池では、一般に24〜72時
間おきに定期的に濾過材の洗浄が行われる。洗浄には、
ノズルから噴射される砂層表面を叩くように洗浄する表
面洗浄と、下部圧力室から浄水を濾過池内に圧入して砂
を浮上させ、砂と砂とをもみ合わせて汚れを落とす逆流
洗浄がある。2. Description of the Related Art Water purification treatment at a water purification plant involves injecting chemicals into raw water drawn from rivers and lakes to precipitate suspended solids in the raw water into chunks of an easily sedimented size, sending the supernatant to a filtration pond, This is done by removing finer suspended matter through a layer of sand (filtered sand) and disinfecting the filtered water with chlorine. In a rapid filtration pond, the filter medium is generally washed regularly every 24 to 72 hours. For cleaning,
There are surface cleaning in which the sand layer surface sprayed from the nozzle is hit so as to hit the surface, and backflow cleaning in which purified water is pressed into the filtration pond from the lower pressure chamber to float the sand, and the sand is mixed with the sand to remove dirt.
【０００３】この浄水処理に使用される濾過砂は、この
ような表面洗浄、逆流洗浄を定期的に行っていても、長
年繰り返し使用していると表面に汚れ（汚泥等の濁質）
が付着してくる。濁質の付着により濾過砂の粒径肥大が
進むと、濾過砂間の空隙が減少したり、濾過砂の吸着物
質の剥離による目詰まり現象や汚泥そのものの剥離によ
るリークなどが起きるようになる。逆流洗浄の回数を増
やすなどしてこれに対応しているが、逆流洗浄を長年繰
り返しているとその水圧により濾過砂を支持している砂
利層にも影響が出て、本来水平に敷き詰められているは
ずの砂利層が部分的に厚くなったり薄くなったりしてし
まう現象である不陸が生じたりする。この不陸ができる
と砂利層の厚い部分では砂層が薄くなり、その部分では
濾過が不十分になり、本来発揮される濾過機能が低下し
て濾過池が正常に働かず安全な水の供給ができなくなっ
てくる。[0003] Even if the filter sand used for this water purification treatment is subjected to such surface cleaning and backwashing regularly, it becomes dirty (turbidity such as sludge) on the surface when used repeatedly for many years.
Comes to adhere. As the particle size of the filter sand increases due to the adhesion of the turbidity, voids between the filter sands decrease, a clogging phenomenon due to separation of the adsorbed substance of the filter sand, and a leak due to separation of the sludge itself occur. The number of backwashing is increased to cope with this, but if the backwashing is repeated for many years, the water pressure will affect the gravel layer that supports the filtered sand, and it will be spread horizontally. Non-landing, a phenomenon in which the gravel layer that should have been partially thickened or thinned, occurs. When this unevenness occurs, the sand layer becomes thin in the thick part of the gravel layer, the filtration becomes insufficient in that part, the filtration function originally exhibited decreases, the filter pond does not work properly, and the safe water supply I can no longer do it.
【０００４】正常な濾過機能を復帰させるためには、濾
過池の運転を一端停止して濾過材を搬出し、搬出した濾
過材を洗浄・篩い分けし、濾過池内部を点検修理した
後、洗浄した濾過材を再び濾過池へ敷き直すという更生
工事を行う必要がある。しかしこの更生工事には莫大な
コストを要し、また工事の期間は濾過池の運転を停止す
る必要があり、更生工事にかかる期間はそのまま浄水効
率の低下につながるため、更生工事の周期はなるべく長
くしたいという浄水場側の要望がある。In order to restore the normal filtration function, the operation of the filter pond is stopped once, the filter medium is carried out, the carried filter medium is washed and sieved, and the inside of the filter pond is inspected and repaired. It is necessary to carry out rehabilitation work of re-laying the filtered media on the filtration pond again. However, this rehabilitation work requires enormous costs, and it is necessary to stop the operation of the filtration pond during the construction period, and the period of the rehabilitation work will directly reduce the water purification efficiency. There is a request from the water purification plant to make it longer.
【０００５】一方、更生工事で敷き直す濾過砂には、新
しい砂が用いられる場合もあるが、採取した砂のうち濾
過砂として現実に認められるのはわずか１〜２割程度と
濾過材には厳しい基準が制定されており、また新しい砂
を使用する場合にはコストの増大にもつながるため、濾
過砂は洗浄などによって再生されている。本発明者らは
すでに、揉み洗い工法という画期的な方法で、洗浄濁度
30度以下という新砂に近い状態にまで砂の再生を可能と
する砂洗浄装置を提案している（特開平10-109051号,特
開平11-57526号）。この装置により、更生工事の際に濾
過池へ敷き直す濾過砂に新砂を用いなくても、新砂を用
いた濾過池と同様の浄化機能を実現することが可能とな
っている。[0005] On the other hand, new sand may be used as the filter sand to be laid again during rehabilitation work. However, only about 10 to 20% of the collected sand is actually recognized as the filter sand, and the filter material is not used. Strict standards have been enacted, and the use of new sand can lead to increased costs. The present inventors have already developed the turbidity
There has been proposed a sand washing apparatus capable of regenerating sand to a state close to fresh sand of 30 degrees or less (JP-A-10-109051, JP-A-11-57526). With this device, it is possible to realize the same purification function as a filter pond using fresh sand without using fresh sand for the filter sand that is laid on the filter pond at the time of rehabilitation work.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、近年の都市排
水、工業排水、農業排水等による河川、湖、海の水質汚
染、あるいは大気汚染物質の窒素酸化物や硫黄酸化物が
溶け込んで降る酸性雨等により水道用原水は急速に悪化
している。このような原水の悪化により、濾過砂の状態
は表１に示すように汚濁が進み、かつては通常の運転に
おいて７〜10年の長期間にわたり使用可能であった濾過
池も、更生工事のペースを早めなければならなくなって
いる。However, in recent years, urban, industrial, agricultural and other wastewaters have polluted rivers, lakes, and seas, or acid rain has fallen due to the dissolution of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides as air pollutants. Raw water for water supply is rapidly deteriorating. Due to such deterioration of the raw water, the condition of the filter sand is becoming more polluted as shown in Table 1, and the filter pond, which was once usable for a long period of time of 7 to 10 years in normal operation, has been rehabilitated. Has to be hastened.
【０００７】[0007]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【０００８】一方、濾過池で行われる濾過砂のメンテナ
ンスはもっぱら不陸測定や粒径調査などの更生工事の時
期を判断するために行われるものであり、更生工事によ
って本来の浄化機能を取り戻した砂の機能を維持するた
めのメンテナンスは、表面洗浄、逆流洗浄による定期的
な濾過砂の洗浄工程のみに限られている。On the other hand, the maintenance of the filtration sand performed in the filtration pond is performed solely to determine the timing of rehabilitation work such as non-measurement measurement and particle size survey, and the original purification function has been restored by the rehabilitation work. Maintenance to maintain the function of the sand is limited to only the regular filtration sand cleaning process by surface cleaning and backwashing.
【０００９】また、1996年に制定されたクリプトスポリ
ジウム暫定対策を受けて濾過池出口の濁度を0.1 度以下
に維持するという厚生省の指針に対応するため、浄水場
では上記のような表面洗浄、逆流洗浄の頻度を上げて対
応しているが、その間は浄水ができず取得できる水量は
減るため浄化効率は悪くなっている。また洗浄のたびに
細砂が流出し、さらに逆流洗浄の頻度が増えると不陸の
形成を早めることにもなり、結果として更生工事の時期
を早める結果となる場合もあり、従来の表面洗浄、逆流
洗浄という洗浄工程のみで対応するには限界があると考
えられる。Further, in response to the provisions of the provisional measures against cryptosporidium established in 1996, to comply with the Ministry of Health and Welfare's guideline to maintain the turbidity at the outlet of the filtration pond below 0.1 degrees, the water purification plant has to clean The frequency of backwashing is increased, but during that time, water cannot be purified and the amount of water that can be obtained decreases, resulting in poor purification efficiency. In addition, fine sand flows out every time washing is performed, and if the frequency of backwashing increases, the formation of unevenness will be accelerated.As a result, the timing of rehabilitation work may be shortened, and the conventional surface cleaning, It is considered that there is a limit in responding only by the washing process of backwashing.
【００１０】本発明は上記事情に鑑みなされたものであ
り、濾過池の運転を休止することなく、砂の浄化機能を
表面洗浄、逆流洗浄という通常の洗浄方法以外の方法で
再生させて、濾過池の更生工事の周期を飛躍的に延長す
ることを可能とする濾過砂洗浄方法及びそのための装置
を提供することを目的とするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to regenerate a sand purifying function by a method other than a normal cleaning method such as surface cleaning and backwashing without stopping the operation of a filtration pond, thereby filtering the sand. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for cleaning filtered sand and a device therefor, which enable a period of pond rehabilitation work to be drastically extended.
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の濾過砂洗浄方法
は、濾過砂により水の浄化を行う急速濾過池の逆流洗浄
時に該急速濾過池から所定量の濾過砂を吸い取り、該吸
い取った濾過砂を砂洗浄装置に供給し、該砂洗浄装置に
よって前記濾過砂の汚れを除去し、汚れを除去した前記
濾過砂を前記急速濾過池の逆流洗浄時に該急速濾過池に
戻し、前記濾過砂の吸い取り、洗浄、戻しを繰り返して
前記急速濾過池内の濾過砂を洗浄することを特徴とする
ものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a method for washing filtered sand, wherein a predetermined amount of filtered sand is sucked from the quick filtering pond during backflow washing of the quick filtering pond for purifying water with the filtered sand. The sand is supplied to a sand washing device, and the soil of the filtered sand is removed by the sand washing device.The filtered sand from which the stain has been removed is returned to the rapid filtration pond at the time of backwashing the rapid filtration pond, The filter sand in the rapid filtration pond is washed by repeating sucking, washing and returning.
【００１２】また、本発明の濾過砂洗浄システムは、急
速濾過池と、該急速濾過池から濾過砂を吸い取る手段
と、吸い取った該濾過砂を洗浄する砂洗浄装置と、該砂
洗浄装置から前記急速濾過池へ汚れを除去した砂を戻す
手段とからなることを特徴とするものである。In addition, the filter sand washing system of the present invention comprises a rapid filter pond, means for sucking filter sand from the quick filter pond, a sand washing device for washing the sucked filter sand, and Means for returning the sand from which dirt has been removed to the rapid filtration pond.
【００１３】「濾過砂の吸取り」を急速濾過池の逆流洗
浄時に行うのは、濾過砂は通常の状態では水を濾過して
いる状態であり、この状態で濾過砂の吸取りを行うと濾
過砂の層に層厚の薄い部分ができてしまい濁質がリーク
する可能性があるためである。濾過砂の吸取りは逆流洗
浄と同時に表面洗浄が行われている時であっても差し支
えない。また、「濾過砂の戻し」も急速濾過池の逆流洗
浄時に行うのは、逆流洗浄時は、下部圧力室から浄水を
濾過池内に圧入して砂が浮上している状態であるので、
この状態で濾過砂を戻せば、逆流洗浄が終わったときに
は濾過砂が平らな層を形成することができるからであ
る。なお、濾過砂の戻しも、濾過砂の吸取りと同様に逆
流洗浄と同時に表面洗浄が行われている時であっても差
し支えない。「所定量」とは、濾過池の水の浄化に影響
を与えない程度の濾過砂の量を意味する。[0013] "Suction of the filtered sand" is performed at the time of backwashing of the rapid filtration pond because the filtered sand is in a state where water is filtered in a normal state. This is because there is a possibility that a portion having a small thickness is formed in the layer and the suspended matter leaks. The suction of the filter sand may be performed even when the surface cleaning is being performed simultaneously with the backwashing. Also, `` return of filtered sand '' is also performed during backwashing of the rapid filtration pond, because at the time of backflow washing, sand is floating by pressing clean water from the lower pressure chamber into the filter pond,
If the filter sand is returned in this state, the filter sand can form a flat layer when the backwashing is completed. The return of the filtered sand may be performed even when the surface cleaning is performed simultaneously with the backwashing in the same manner as the suction of the filtered sand. “Predetermined amount” means an amount of filtered sand that does not affect the purification of the water in the filtration pond.
【００１４】また、「濾過砂の吸取り」は、急速濾過池
の砂利層の表面に不陸を形成しない大きさの吸引力で行
わせることが好ましい。急速濾過池の濾過砂層は60cm前
後であるが、あまりに強い吸引力で濾過砂を吸い取った
り、あるいは砂利層との境界近くで濾過砂を吸い取る場
合には、濾過砂を支持している砂利層が部分的に薄くな
ったり厚くなったりするので、砂利層の表面に不陸を形
成しない程度の吸引力で濾過砂を吸い取ることが好まし
い。濾過砂の吸取りは、その吸取りの吸引力にもよるが
濾過砂層の表面から濾過砂の層の30〜70％の深さ、さら
には40〜60％の深さが好ましい。また、不陸防止ネット
が使用されている場合には、100 ％の深さ、すなわち砂
利層のすぐ上からの吸引であっても差し支えない。[0014] Further, it is preferable that the "suction of the filtered sand" is performed with a suction force of a magnitude that does not cause unevenness on the surface of the gravel layer of the rapid filtration pond. The filter sand layer of the rapid filtration pond is about 60 cm, but if the filter sand is sucked with too strong suction force or if it is sucked near the boundary with the gravel layer, the gravel layer supporting the filter sand will It is preferable to absorb the filtered sand with a suction force that does not cause unevenness on the surface of the gravel layer because the sand becomes partially thin or thick. The suction of the filtered sand depends on the suction force of the suction, but is preferably 30 to 70%, more preferably 40 to 60% of the depth of the filtered sand layer from the surface of the filtered sand layer. Also, if a non-landing net is used, suction from a depth of 100%, i.e. just above the gravel layer, can be acceptable.
【００１５】砂洗浄装置によって濾過砂の汚れを除去し
た後、汚れを除去した濾過砂は急速濾過池に戻すまで貯
留槽に貯留することが好ましい。また、貯留槽には貯留
された濾過砂が空気と触れないように水を入れておくこ
とが好ましい。砂洗浄装置から洗浄後の濾過砂を貯留槽
に移すことにより、空いた砂洗浄装置を、他の急速濾過
池の砂洗浄に使うことが可能となる。またその貯留槽に
濾過砂が乾燥しないように水を張っておくことにより、
原水のマンガン除去能力を有する濾過砂のマンガン層の
活性を維持することができる。貯留槽の大きさは、少な
くとも濾過池から吸い取った１回分の所定量の濾過砂を
空気に触れないように水に入れて貯留できる大きさであ
ればよい。After removing the dirt from the filtered sand by the sand washing device, the filtered sand from which the dirt has been removed is preferably stored in a storage tank until it is returned to the rapid filtration tank. Further, it is preferable that the storage tank is filled with water so that the stored filtered sand does not come into contact with air. By transferring the filtered sand after washing from the sand washing device to the storage tank, it becomes possible to use the empty sand washing device for sand washing of another rapid filtration pond. Also, by filling the storage tank with water so that the filtered sand does not dry,
The activity of the manganese layer of the filtered sand having the ability to remove manganese in raw water can be maintained. The storage tank may have any size as long as at least one predetermined amount of filtered sand sucked from the filter pond can be stored in water without touching the air.
【００１６】本発明の濾過砂洗浄方法およびシステム
は、グリーンリーフと呼ばれる４〜６の急速濾過池がつ
ながっているような複数の急速濾過池の濾過砂の洗浄に
も適用することができる。すなわち、本発明の濾過砂洗
浄方法は濾過砂により水の浄化を行う急速濾過池の逆流
洗浄時に該急速濾過池から所定量の濾過砂を吸い取り、
該吸い取った濾過砂を砂洗浄装置に供給し、該砂洗浄装
置によって前記濾過砂の汚れを除去し、該汚れを除去し
た濾過砂を貯留槽に貯留し、該貯留しておいた濾過砂を
前記急速濾過池とは異なる急速濾過池の逆流洗浄時に該
急速濾過池に戻し、前記濾過砂の吸取り、洗浄、貯留、
戻しの工程を繰り返して複数の急速濾過池内の濾過砂を
洗浄することを特徴とするものである。The filter sand washing method and system of the present invention can also be applied to the washing of the filter sand of a plurality of quick filter ponds such as four to six quick filter ponds called green leaves. That is, the filter sand washing method of the present invention sucks a predetermined amount of filter sand from the rapid filtration tank during backwashing of the rapid filtration tank for purifying water with the filter sand,
The sucked filter sand is supplied to a sand washing device, the filter sand removes dirt from the filter sand, the filter sand from which the dirt is removed is stored in a storage tank, and the stored filter sand is removed. At the time of backwashing of a rapid filtration pond different from the rapid filtration pond, return to the rapid filtration pond, suck the filter sand, wash, store,
The method is characterized in that the return step is repeated to wash the filtered sand in the plurality of rapid filtration ponds.
【００１７】貯留しておいた濾過砂を濾過砂を吸い取っ
た濾過池とは異なる濾過池に戻すこととしたのは、同じ
濾過池に戻すと、その濾過池の次の逆流洗浄時まで洗浄
した濾過砂を戻すことができないため、実質的には濾過
池を１つずつ濾過砂洗浄するのと同じだけの時間が必要
となるからである。貯留槽を複数設ければ同じ濾過池に
戻しても単一の濾過池の濾過砂を洗浄するのと時間的に
は差がないが、この場合にはかなりの設備費用と土地が
必要となり経済的ではない。また、かなり大きな貯留槽
を設ければ、複数の濾過池から吸い取り洗浄した濾過砂
を貯留することが可能となるが、この場合にもかなりの
設備投資が必要となってくる。しかし、通常、複数の急
速濾過池がつながっているような浄水場では、各急速濾
過池の逆流洗浄は処理能力の観点から同時には行われ
ず、タイミングをずらして行うようになっている。従っ
て、たとえばこのずれたタイミングを利用すれば、急速
濾過池が複数に増えた場合にも、１つの濾過池の濾過砂
を全て洗浄する時間と殆ど変わらない時間で全ての濾過
池の濾過砂の洗浄を行うことができ、しかも貯留槽は単
一の濾過池の濾過砂を洗浄する場合と同様の規模の貯留
槽１つで足りるので設備費用の観点からも好ましい。The reason why the stored filter sand is returned to a filter pond different from the filter pond from which the filter sand was sucked is that when the filter pond is returned to the same filter pond, the filter pond is washed until the next backwashing. This is because the filter sand cannot be returned, so that substantially the same time is required as in the case where the filter sand is washed one by one with the filter sand. If a plurality of storage tanks are provided, there is no difference in time from washing the filter sand of a single filter pond even if it is returned to the same filter pond, but in this case, considerable equipment cost and land are required and economic Not a target. Further, if a considerably large storage tank is provided, it is possible to store the filtered sand sucked and washed from a plurality of filtration ponds, but also in this case, considerable equipment investment is required. However, in a water purification plant in which a plurality of rapid filtration ponds are connected, backwashing of each rapid filtration basin is not performed simultaneously from the viewpoint of processing capacity, and the timing is shifted. Therefore, for example, by utilizing the shifted timing, even if the number of the rapid filtration ponds increases, the filtration sand of all the filtration ponds can be almost the same as the time for washing all the filtration sand of one filtration pond. Cleaning can be performed, and the storage tank is preferable from the viewpoint of equipment cost since one storage tank of the same size as that for washing the filter sand of a single filtration pond is sufficient.
【００１８】また、複数の急速濾過池を有する浄水場で
は、濾過砂の汚れがひどい濾過池と濾過砂の汚れが比較
的少ない濾過池が存在する場合がある。このような場合
には、濾過砂の汚れがひどい濾過池から吸い取った濾過
砂は、濾過砂の汚れが比較的少ない濾過池に戻し、濾過
砂の汚れが比較的少ない濾過池から吸い取った濾過砂
は、濾過砂の汚れがひどい濾過池に戻すことが複数の濾
過池の濾過砂の平準化の観点からより好ましい。Further, in a water treatment plant having a plurality of rapid filtration ponds, there are cases where there are a filtration basin with heavy contamination of the filtration sand and a filtration basin with relatively little contamination of the filtration sand. In such a case, the filter sand sucked from the filter pond where the filter sand is heavily contaminated is returned to the filter pond where the filter sand is relatively less contaminated, and the filter sand sucked from the filter pond where the filter sand is less contaminated. It is more preferable that the filter sand is returned to a filter pond in which the dirt of the filter sand is severe from the viewpoint of leveling the filter sand of the plurality of filter ponds.
【００１９】これらの各工程の繰り返しはシーケンス制
御により自動的に行うことが好ましい。すなわち、急速
濾過池の逆流洗浄は圧力損失や時間をファクターとして
制御することができるので、シーケンス制御により、濾
過砂の吸取り、洗浄、戻しの工程あるいは、濾過砂の吸
取り、洗浄、貯留、戻しの工程の一連の流れを自動的に
行うことができる。It is preferable that the repetition of each of these steps is automatically performed by sequence control. In other words, backwashing of a rapid filtration pond can be controlled by factors such as pressure loss and time as factors, and the sequence control can be used to suck, wash, and return filtered sand, or to suck, wash, store, and return filtered sand. A series of steps can be automatically performed.
【００２０】濾過砂の吸取りと戻しはともに濾過砂が浮
遊している逆流洗浄中に行われるため、吸い取られる濾
過砂にすでに汚れを除去された濾過砂が混ざらないこと
が洗浄効率を上げるために好ましい。従って急速濾過池
内の濾過砂を吸い取る位置から離れた位置に汚れを除去
した濾過砂を戻すことが好ましい。すなわち、急速濾過
池から濾過砂を吸い取る手段と汚れを除去した濾過砂を
戻す手段は離して設けることが好ましい。また、濾過砂
の洗浄効率の観点から、濾過砂を吸い取る位置は、濾過
砂を吸い取る毎に移動させることが、汚れを除去した濾
過砂を戻す位置もまた、濾過砂を戻す毎に移動させるこ
とが好ましい。すなわち、急速濾過池から濾過砂を吸い
取る手段と、前記急速濾過池へ汚れを除去した砂を戻す
手段の少なくとも一方が移動可能に設けられていること
が好ましい。Since the suction and return of the filter sand are both performed during the backwashing in which the filter sand is floating, the filter sand to be removed is not mixed with the filter sand from which dirt has been removed in order to increase the cleaning efficiency. preferable. Therefore, it is preferable to return the filtered sand from which dirt has been removed to a position away from the position for sucking the filtered sand in the rapid filtration tank. That is, it is preferable that the means for sucking the filtered sand from the rapid filtration tank and the means for returning the filtered sand from which dirt has been removed are provided separately. In addition, from the viewpoint of the washing efficiency of the filter sand, the position for sucking the filter sand should be moved every time the filter sand is sucked, and the position for returning the filter sand after removing the dirt should also be moved each time the filter sand is returned. Is preferred. That is, it is preferable that at least one of the means for sucking the filtered sand from the rapid filtration tank and the means for returning the sand after removing the dirt to the rapid filtration tank is movably provided.
【００２１】「砂洗浄装置」としては、特開平10-10905
1 号に開示されているような装置、すなわち砂とともに
洗浄水を貯留する洗浄槽と、該洗浄槽内でほぼ鉛直な軸
の回りに回転するスクリューコンベアと、該スクリュー
コンベアを、前記洗浄水の水面下にある前記スクリュー
コンベアの下部において該スクリューコンベアの回転に
より前記砂と前記洗浄水を上昇させるとともに該洗浄水
を介在させた前記砂同士の接触により該砂の汚れを除去
し、前記洗浄水の水面上にある前記スクリューコンベア
の上部において前記砂を前記スクリューコンベア上で流
動させて、汚泥を含む水をわずかに含む前記砂同士の接
触によって該砂の汚れを除去するような速度で回転させ
る手段と、上昇させた該砂を前記スクリューコンベアの
下部まで下降させ、再び該スクリューコンベアで上昇さ
せる循環手段とからなる装置を使用することが好まし
い。Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-10905
No. 1 such as a washing tank for storing washing water together with sand, a screw conveyor rotating around a substantially vertical axis in the washing tank, and the screw conveyor, At the lower part of the screw conveyor below the water surface, the sand and the washing water are raised by rotation of the screw conveyor, and dirt on the sand is removed by contact between the sands with the washing water interposed therebetween. The sand is caused to flow on the screw conveyor at the upper portion of the screw conveyor on the water surface, and is rotated at such a speed as to remove dirt from the sand by contact between the sands containing a small amount of water containing sludge. Circulating means for lowering the raised sand to the lower part of the screw conveyor and raising it again by the screw conveyor; It is preferred to use a device serving.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】従来表面洗浄、逆流洗浄という洗浄方法
のみに頼っていた濾過砂の洗浄を、本発明の濾過砂洗浄
方法は、逆流洗浄時に急速濾過池から所定量の濾過砂を
吸い取り、吸い取った濾過砂を砂洗浄装置に供給し、砂
洗浄装置によって濾過砂の汚れを除去し、汚れを除去し
た濾過砂を逆流洗浄時に急速濾過池に戻し、この濾過砂
の吸い取り、洗浄、戻しを繰り返すことによって急速濾
過池内の濾過砂を洗浄することとしたので、濾過池の運
転を休止することなく効果的に濾過砂の洗浄ができ、濾
過池の更生工事の周期を飛躍的に延長することができ
る。According to the present invention, the filter sand washing method of the present invention sucks a predetermined amount of filter sand from the rapid filtration pond during backwashing, instead of relying only on the surface washing and backwashing methods. The filtered sand is supplied to a sand washing device, and the dirt of the filtered sand is removed by the sand washing device. The filtered sand from which the dirt is removed is returned to the rapid filtration pond at the time of backwashing, and the suction of the filtered sand, washing and returning are repeated. As a result, the filter sand in the rapid filtration tank is washed, so that the filter sand can be effectively washed without stopping the operation of the filter tank, and the cycle of filter rehabilitation work can be dramatically extended. it can.
【００２３】より具体的には、たとえば濾過砂の吸取
り、洗浄、戻しを繰り返すことによって急速濾過池内の
ほぼ全濾過砂を自動的に洗浄すれば、濾過池の水浄化機
能を再生させることが可能となる。また、濾過砂の汚れ
が除去されていれば濾過抵抗を減らすことが可能となる
ので設計通りの圧力で逆流洗浄を行えばよく、従って濾
過砂の流出を減らすこと、及び剥離する汚泥の流出を大
幅に減らすことが可能となり、また不陸の形成を遅らせ
ることが可能となるので、この点からも濾過池の更生工
事の周期を飛躍的に延長することができる。More specifically, the water purification function of the filtration basin can be regenerated by automatically washing almost all the filtration sand in the rapid filtration basin by repeating, for example, sucking, washing, and returning of the filtration sand. Becomes In addition, since the filtration resistance can be reduced if the dirt from the filter sand is removed, it is only necessary to perform the backflow cleaning at a pressure as designed, so that the flow of the filter sand can be reduced, and the flow of the sludge to be separated can be reduced. Since it is possible to greatly reduce the formation of non-land, it is also possible to drastically extend the cycle of the rehabilitation work of the filter pond from this point.
【００２４】なお、逆流洗浄時に急速濾過池から所定量
の濾過砂を吸い取り、吸い取った濾過砂を砂洗浄装置に
供給し、砂洗浄装置によって濾過砂の汚れを除去し、汚
れを除去した濾過砂を貯留槽に貯留し、貯留しておいた
濾過砂を濾過砂を吸い取った急速濾過池とは異なる急速
濾過池の逆流洗浄時に戻し、濾過砂の吸取り、洗浄、貯
留、戻しの工程を繰り返すことにより、濾過池の運転を
休止することなく複数の濾過池の濾過砂を効率的に洗浄
することができる。また、貯留しておいた濾過砂を、濾
過砂を吸い取った急速濾過池とは異なる急速濾過池に戻
すので、単一の濾過池の濾過砂を全て洗浄するのにかか
る時間と殆ど変わらない時間で複数の濾過池の濾過砂の
洗浄が可能となる。さらに、濾過砂を戻す際に、濾過砂
の汚れがひどい濾過池から吸い取った濾過砂は、濾過砂
の汚れが比較的少ない濾過池に戻し、濾過砂の汚れが比
較的少ない濾過池から吸い取った濾過砂は、濾過砂の汚
れがひどい濾過池に戻すこととすれば、濾過池の濾過砂
の平準化を図ることができる。At the time of backwashing, a predetermined amount of filter sand is sucked from the rapid filtration pond, the sucked filter sand is supplied to the sand washing device, and the sand is removed by the sand washing device. Is stored in a storage tank, and the stored filtered sand is returned at the time of backwashing of a rapid filtration pond different from the rapid filtration pond that sucked the filtered sand, and the steps of sucking, washing, storing, and returning the filtered sand are repeated. Thereby, the filtration sand of a plurality of filtration ponds can be efficiently washed without stopping the operation of the filtration ponds. In addition, since the stored filter sand is returned to the rapid filtration pond different from the rapid filtration pond that sucked the filter sand, the time that is almost the same as the time required to wash all the filter sand in a single filtration pond. Thus, the filtration sand in a plurality of filtration ponds can be washed. Furthermore, when returning the filter sand, the filter sand sucked from the filter pond where the filter sand was very dirty was returned to the filter pond where the filter sand is relatively less dirty, and was sucked from the filter pond where the filter sand was relatively less dirty. If the filter sand is returned to the filter pond where the filter sand is very dirty, the filter sand in the filter pond can be leveled.
【００２５】また、本発明の濾過洗浄方法及びそのシス
テムの砂洗浄装置に、砂とともに洗浄水を貯留する洗浄
槽と、該洗浄槽内でほぼ鉛直な軸の回りに回転するスク
リューコンベアと、該スクリューコンベアを、前記洗浄
水の水面下にある前記スクリューコンベアの下部におい
て該スクリューコンベアの回転により前記砂と前記洗浄
水を上昇させるとともに該洗浄水を介在させた前記砂同
士の接触により該砂の汚れを除去し、前記洗浄水の水面
上にある前記スクリューコンベアの上部において前記砂
を前記スクリューコンベア上で流動させて、汚泥を含む
水をわずかに含む前記砂同士の接触によって該砂の汚れ
を除去するような速度で回転させる手段と、上昇させた
該砂を前記スクリューコンベアの下部まで下降させ、再
び該スクリューコンベアで上昇させる循環手段とからな
る装置を使用すれば、砂を砕くことなく砂同士が揉み合
って汚れを落とすことが可能となるので、濾過砂の水浄
化機能を新砂に近い状態に再生することができ、濾過池
の更生工事の周期をさらに飛躍的に延長することができ
る。The sand washing apparatus of the method and system for filtering and washing according to the present invention further comprises a washing tank for storing washing water together with sand, a screw conveyor rotating around a substantially vertical axis in the washing tank, Screw conveyor, the lower part of the screw conveyor below the surface of the washing water, the rotation of the screw conveyor to raise the sand and the washing water while contacting the sand with the sand with the washing water interposed between the sand. Removing dirt, flowing the sand on the screw conveyor at the top of the screw conveyor on the surface of the washing water, and removing the dirt of the sand by contact between the sands containing a small amount of water containing sludge. A means for rotating at such a speed as to remove the sand, and lowering the raised sand to a lower portion of the screw conveyor; If a device consisting of a circulating means that raises with a bear is used, sand can be rubbed together without crushing sand and dirt can be removed, so that the water purification function of the filtered sand is regenerated to a state close to fresh sand And the cycle of rehabilitation work of the filtration basin can be further extended dramatically.
【００２６】また、浄水場ではクリプトスポリジウム対
策として、従来表面洗浄や逆流洗浄の頻度を上げて対応
してきていたが、通常の頻度で表面洗浄、逆流洗浄を行
えば濾過池出口の濁度を0.1 度以下に維持することが可
能となるので、クリプトスポリジウム対策の一助とな
り、かつ浄化効率が下がることなく浄水場を稼動させる
ことができる。In the water treatment plant, as a countermeasure against Cryptosporidium, the frequency of surface cleaning and backwashing has been conventionally increased, but if the surface cleaning and backwashing are performed at a regular frequency, the turbidity at the outlet of the filtration pond is reduced to 0.1. Since it is possible to maintain the temperature below the temperature, it is helpful for Cryptosporidium countermeasures, and the water purification plant can be operated without reducing the purification efficiency.
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面を参照して本発明の実
施の形態について詳細に説明する。図１は本発明の濾過
砂洗浄方法の一実施の形態を示す工程図、図２は本発明
の濾過砂洗浄システムの一実施の形態を示す概略図、図
３は図２に示す急速濾過池のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing one embodiment of a method for washing filtered sand of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a filtered sand washing system of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a rapid filter pond shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
【００２８】本発明の濾過砂洗浄システムは、急速濾過
池１と、急速濾過池１から汚れが付着した濾過砂を吸い
取るポンプ２と、汚れが付着した濾過砂５を洗浄する砂
洗浄装置３と、砂洗浄装置３で洗浄された濾過砂６をス
トックしておく洗浄砂ストック槽４と、洗浄砂ストック
槽４から急速濾過池１へ汚れを除去した砂を戻す経路７
を備えてなるものである。The filter sand washing system of the present invention includes a rapid filter pond 1, a pump 2 for sucking filter sand with dirt from the rapid filter pond 1, and a sand washing device 3 for cleaning filter sand 5 with dirt. A washing sand stock tank 4 in which the filtered sand 6 washed by the sand washing device 3 is stored, and a path 7 for returning the soil-removed sand from the washing sand stock tank 4 to the rapid filtration pond 1.
It is provided with.
【００２９】急速濾過池１は、図３に示すように濾過層
として濾過砂層12と、濾過砂層12を支える13〜16の砂利
層を備えている。濾過砂層12は、有効径0.6mm、均等係
数1.5以下の砂からなる。砂利層は有効径の異なる４層
からなり、支持層として濾過砂12が集水装置（図示して
いないが、浄化された水が集水される装置が急速濾過池
１のさらに下部に設けられている）に入ることを防いで
いる。砂利層13〜16は、逆流洗浄を均等に行うため、球
形に近く硬質で清浄、均質なものが選定され、その有効
径としては一般的に用いられるもの、すなわち砂利層13
には有効径2.0 〜3.5mm、砂利層14には3.5〜7.0mm、砂
利層15には7.0〜13.0mm、砂利層16には13.0〜20.0mm
と、細粒を上層に粗粒を下層に順次不陸のないように敷
き詰められている。濾過砂層12の上には原水の濁質を凝
集剤によって凝集、沈殿させて前処理された水が導入さ
れている。また濾過砂層12の上方には、表面洗浄の際に
濾過砂層を表面から叩くように洗浄する表洗水をノズル
から噴射する表洗管22と、表面洗浄、逆流洗浄の際の洗
浄排水を排出するトラフ21が設けられている。As shown in FIG. 3, the rapid filtration pond 1 has a filtration sand layer 12 as a filtration layer and 13 to 16 gravel layers supporting the filtration sand layer 12. The filtration sand layer 12 is made of sand having an effective diameter of 0.6 mm and a uniformity coefficient of 1.5 or less. The gravel layer is composed of four layers having different effective diameters. As a support layer, a filter sand collecting device (not shown, but a device for collecting purified water is provided further below the rapid filtration pond 1). )). The gravel layers 13 to 16 are selected to be hard, clean, and homogeneous near the sphere in order to perform the backwashing evenly.
Effective diameter 2.0-3.5 mm, gravel layer 14 3.5-7.0 mm, gravel layer 15 7.0-13.0 mm, gravel layer 16 13.0-20.0 mm
The fine grains are placed on the upper layer and the coarse grains are placed on the lower layer so that there is no irregularity. Water pretreated by flocculating and precipitating the turbidity of the raw water with a flocculant is introduced onto the filter sand layer 12. Above the filter sand layer 12, a surface wash pipe 22 for spraying surface wash water from a nozzle to wash the filter sand layer from the surface at the time of surface washing, and a washing drainage for surface washing and backwashing are discharged. A trough 21 is provided.
【００３０】次に原水の一般的な浄化処理工程を簡単に
説明する。河川、湖などから引き込まれた原水の濁質を
ポリ塩化アルミニウムなどの凝集剤によって凝集、沈殿
させた後、上澄みは急速濾過池１の濾過砂層12の上に送
水される。この濾過砂層12によって凝集剤では除去でき
なかった微細な浮遊物が取り除かれる。濾過した水は急
速濾過池１の下部に設けられている集水装置に集水され
る。集水された水は塩素で消毒されて配水池に貯水され
る。濾過速度は通常120〜150ｍ／日である。一般にはこ
の濾過速度で損失水頭が1.5mに達すると、浄水のための
濾過は中止され急速濾過池の下部圧力室から洗浄水を圧
入して濾過砂を浮上させ、砂と砂とをもみ合わせて洗浄
が行われる。表面洗浄は逆流洗浄時または逆洗サイクル
のある時間に合わせて、濾過砂12の表面に表洗管22から
洗浄水を噴射させて行われる。表面洗浄、逆流洗浄後の
洗浄排水11はトラフ21から排出される。洗浄が終了する
と再び、前処理された原水が送水されて濾過が再開され
る。この浄水、洗浄の工程は通常自動化されており、急
速濾過砂法で浄水を行う浄水場の原水の状態により、表
面洗浄、逆流洗浄を行うタイミングがあらかじめ設定さ
れていたり、あるいは損失水頭が一定値以上になると自
動的に表面洗浄、逆流洗浄が行われるように設定されて
いる。Next, a general purification process of raw water will be briefly described. After the turbidity of raw water drawn from rivers, lakes and the like is agglomerated and precipitated by a coagulant such as polyaluminum chloride, the supernatant is sent to the filtration sand layer 12 of the rapid filtration pond 1. The filter sand layer 12 removes fine suspended matter that cannot be removed by the coagulant. The filtered water is collected in a water collecting device provided at the lower part of the rapid filtration pond 1. The collected water is disinfected with chlorine and stored in a reservoir. The filtration speed is usually between 120 and 150 m / day. Generally, when the head loss reaches 1.5m at this filtration speed, the filtration for water purification is stopped and the washing water is injected from the lower pressure chamber of the rapid filtration pond to float the filter sand, and the sand and sand are combined. Cleaning is performed. The surface washing is performed by spraying washing water from the front washing tube 22 onto the surface of the filter sand 12 at the time of backwashing or at a certain time during the backwash cycle. The cleaning drainage 11 after the surface cleaning and the backflow cleaning is discharged from the trough 21. When the washing is completed, the pretreated raw water is sent again, and the filtration is restarted. This water purification and washing process is usually automated, and depending on the condition of the raw water at the water treatment plant that purifies water by the rapid filtration sand method, the timing of surface cleaning and backwashing is set in advance, or the head loss is fixed. It is set so that surface cleaning and backwashing are automatically performed when the above is reached.
【００３１】表２に示すように濾過砂の選定標準（日本
水道協会規格JWWA A 103-1988 ）は、洗浄濁度は30度以
下、塩酸可溶率は3.5％以下、有効径0.45〜0.70mm、均
等係数1.7 以下と定められている。上記のような一般的
な表面洗浄、逆流洗浄を定期的に行っていても、新砂か
らＸ年もたつと、表２の原汚砂に示すように洗浄濁度14
80度、塩酸可溶率9.7％、有効径0.533mm、均等係数1.48
5 と濾過砂に濁質が付着し、相当に汚れてくる。As shown in Table 2, the selection standard of filtered sand (standard of Japan Water Works Association JWWA A 103-1988) is that the washing turbidity is 30 degrees or less, the hydrochloric acid solubility is 3.5% or less, and the effective diameter is 0.45 to 0.70 mm. , The uniformity factor is set to 1.7 or less. Even if the general surface cleaning and backwashing as described above are performed regularly, the turbidity of the cleaning turbidity becomes less than X years after fresh sand, as shown in the raw soil sand in Table 2.
80 degree, hydrochloric acid solubility 9.7%, effective diameter 0.533mm, uniformity coefficient 1.48
5 and turbidity adheres to the filtered sand and becomes considerably dirty.
【００３２】[0032]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００３３】このように、濁質が付着した濾過砂を使用
し続けると濁質による目詰まり現象が起こり、急激な損
失水頭の上昇により逆流洗浄の回数が増加し、その逆流
洗浄の水圧により砂利層にも影響が出て不陸の形成を早
める。不陸の形成により砂利層が厚い部分では砂層が薄
くなり、その部分での濾過が不十分となり、また汚泥物
質や濾過砂の吸着物質の剥離により、ブレークスルーが
起こって濾過水に悪影響を及ぼすようになる。このよう
な状態になると、更生工事が必要となってくる。As described above, if filter sand to which turbid matter adheres is continuously used, clogging by the turbid matter occurs, the number of backwashing increases due to a sudden rise in head loss, and the gravel is increased by the water pressure of the backwash. Layers are also affected and hasten the formation of unevenness. Due to the formation of unevenness, the sand layer becomes thinner at the part where the gravel layer is thick, and the filtration at that part becomes insufficient, and breakthrough occurs due to the separation of the sludge substances and the adsorbed substances of the filtered sand, which adversely affects the filtered water Become like In such a situation, rehabilitation work becomes necessary.
【００３４】以下に、上記の通常の洗浄工程に、さらに
濾過砂の一部を取って砂洗浄装置で洗浄し、汚れを除去
した砂を再び濾過池に戻す工程を行う濾過砂洗浄システ
ムの実施例を示す。In the following, in addition to the above-mentioned ordinary washing process, a filter sand washing system is provided in which a part of the filter sand is washed with a sand washing device and the soil-removed sand is returned to the filter tank again. Here is an example.
【００３５】（実施例１）砂洗浄装置３には、特開平10
-109051 号に開示されている、砂とともに洗浄水を貯留
する洗浄槽と、該洗浄槽内でほぼ鉛直な軸の回りに回転
するスクリューコンベアと、該スクリューコンベアを、
前記洗浄水の水面下にある前記スクリューコンベアの下
部において該スクリューコンベアの回転により前記砂と
前記洗浄水を上昇させるとともに該洗浄水を介在させた
前記砂同士の接触により該砂の汚れを除去し、前記洗浄
水の水面上にある前記スクリューコンベアの上部におい
て前記砂を前記スクリューコンベア上で流動させて、汚
泥を含む水をわずかに含む前記砂同士の接触によって該
砂の汚れを除去するような速度で回転させる手段と、上
昇させた該砂を前記スクリューコンベアの下部まで下降
させ、再び該スクリューコンベアで上昇させる循環手段
とからなる、揉み洗い工法を実現できる装置を用いた。
図１、図２に示すように、濾過池１の表面洗浄、逆流洗
浄が行われている時間（７分〜10分）内に１ｍ3 の汚れ
た濾過砂を濾過池１の角部（1a）からポンプ２で吸引し
た。濾過砂の吸引は、砂利層13の上部から約10cm程度の
深さで行った（濾過砂層厚は60cm）。ポンプ２で吸引し
た濾過砂（５）を、砂洗浄装置３に送り、砂洗浄装置３
で約１時間洗浄を行った。表３に示すように、約１時間
の洗浄により、吸引された濾過砂（５）の洗浄濁度は14
80度から11度へ、塩酸可溶率は9.7％から2.8％へ、均等
径数は1.485から1.280と洗浄が新砂と同様にまで行われ
ていることがわかる。(Embodiment 1) The sand cleaning device 3 is provided with
-109051, a washing tank for storing washing water together with sand, a screw conveyor rotating around a substantially vertical axis in the washing tank, and the screw conveyor,
At the lower portion of the screw conveyor below the surface of the washing water, the rotation of the screw conveyor raises the sand and the washing water, and removes dirt from the sand by contact between the sands with the washing water interposed therebetween. Flowing the sand over the screw conveyor at the top of the screw conveyor, which is above the surface of the wash water, to remove dirt from the sand by contact between the sands containing a small amount of water containing sludge. An apparatus capable of realizing a kneading and washing method, comprising means for rotating at a speed and circulating means for lowering the raised sand to a lower portion of the screw conveyor and raising the sand again by the screw conveyor, was used.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, 1 m 3 of soiled filter sand is applied to the corners (1a) of the filter pond 1 during the time (7 to 10 minutes) during which the surface cleaning and backwashing of the filter pond 1 are performed. ) Was sucked by the pump 2. The suction of the filtered sand was performed at a depth of about 10 cm from the upper part of the gravel layer 13 (the thickness of the filtered sand layer was 60 cm). The filtered sand (5) sucked by the pump 2 is sent to the sand washing device 3 and the sand washing device 3
For about 1 hour. As shown in Table 3, the washing turbidity of the suctioned filter sand (5) was reduced by 14 hours after washing for about 1 hour.
From 80 degrees to 11 degrees, the solubility of hydrochloric acid was from 9.7% to 2.8%, and the uniform diameter was from 1.485 to 1.280, indicating that the washing was performed in the same manner as the fresh sand.
【００３６】[0036]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００３７】洗浄後の濾過砂（6a）は水が張られた洗浄
砂ストック槽で保管した。急速濾過池１で再び行われて
いた濾過から約48時間経過後、濾過は中止され、再び表
面洗浄、逆流洗浄が開始され、この際に、角部（1a）と
は相対する角部（1b）から洗浄した砂を濾過池１へ戻し
た。このサイクルを繰り返すことにより、濾過池１の濾
過砂 60ｍ3のほぼ全量の砂を約120 日で洗浄した。The filtered sand (6a) after washing was stored in a washing sand stock tank filled with water. Approximately 48 hours after the filtration performed in the rapid filtration tank 1 again, the filtration is stopped, and surface cleaning and backwashing are started again. At this time, the corner (1b) opposite to the corner (1a) ) Was returned to the filtration pond 1. By repeating this cycle, almost all the sand of 60 m 3 in the filter pond 1 was washed in about 120 days.
【００３８】（実施例２）上記実施例１で用いた特定の
砂洗浄装置を、従来のジェット水流による砂洗浄装置に
変えて行うこと以外は実施例１と同様に濾過砂洗浄を行
った。表４に示すように実施例１の特定の砂洗浄装置を
用いたものに比較して、若干の有意差はあるが原汚砂か
らは格段に洗浄された。但し、実施例１の場合には砂の
粒径にほとんど変化はみられなかったが、長時間洗浄を
行ううちに有効径は下がり、均等係数は大きくなった。
ジェット水流を用いた従来の砂洗浄装置では、洗浄中に
砂が管壁等に衝突して砂の破砕が生じていることがわか
る。(Example 2) Filtration sand washing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the specific sand washing device used in Example 1 was changed to a conventional sand washing device using a jet stream. As shown in Table 4, there was a slight significant difference from the one using the specific sand cleaning device of Example 1, but the raw sand was remarkably washed. However, in the case of Example 1, although there was almost no change in the particle size of the sand, the effective diameter was reduced and the uniformity coefficient was increased after long-time cleaning.
It can be seen that in the conventional sand cleaning device using the jet water flow, the sand crushes due to the collision of the sand with the pipe wall or the like during the cleaning.
【００３９】[0039]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００４０】次に、急速濾過池が複数の場合の濾過砂の
洗浄方法とシステムについて図４、図５を用いて説明す
る。図４は複数の濾過池に対応した濾過砂の流れを示す
図、図５は濾過池間の濾過砂の移動の一例を示す図であ
る。ここでは図４に示すように急速濾過池Ａ〜Ｆの６つ
の急速濾過池と、１台の砂洗浄装置と１槽の貯留槽とを
組み合わせた濾過砂システムを例にとって説明するが濾
過池の数はこれ以上であってもまた、これ以下であって
も原理は全く同じである。Next, a method and a system for cleaning filtered sand in the case where a plurality of rapid filtration ponds are used will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the flow of the filtered sand corresponding to the plurality of filtration ponds, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the movement of the filtered sand between the filtration ponds. Here, as shown in FIG. 4, a filter sand system combining six quick filter ponds A to F, one sand washing device and one storage tank will be described as an example. The principle is exactly the same whether the number is more or less.
【００４１】濾過池Ａ〜Ｆはそれぞれ48時間おきに逆流
洗浄が行われる濾過池である。図４に示すように各濾過
池の逆流洗浄が行われる時間の間隔は８時間である。ま
ず、濾過池Ａから所定量の濾過砂が吸い取られる。吸い
取られた濾過砂は砂洗浄装置で１時間洗浄される。汚れ
を除去された濾過砂は水が張られた貯留槽に貯留され
る。貯留された洗浄後の濾過砂は、濾過池Ａの逆流洗浄
から８時間経過した後に逆流洗浄が始まる濾過池Ｂに戻
される。濾過池Ｂの逆流洗浄時には洗浄された濾過砂が
戻されるとともに、汚れた濾過砂が吸い取られる。濾過
池Ｂで吸い取られた濾過砂は砂洗浄装置で１時間洗浄さ
れ、洗浄された濾過砂は水が張られた貯留槽に貯留され
る。貯留された洗浄後の濾過砂は、濾過池Ｂの逆流洗浄
から８時間経過した後に逆流洗浄が始まる濾過池Ｃに戻
される。濾過池Ｃの逆流洗浄時には洗浄された濾過砂が
戻されるとともに、汚れた濾過砂が吸い取られる。この
ようにして、48時間が経過すると濾過池Ａ〜Ｆの全ての
濾過池において、所定量の濾過砂が吸い取られるととも
に、所定量の洗浄後の濾過砂が戻されることになる。こ
の工程を繰り返して、濾過池Ａ〜Ｆの全ての濾過砂を洗
浄することができる。このように複数の濾過池の逆流洗
浄のタイミングに合わせることにより、単一の濾過池の
濾過砂の洗浄にかかる時間とほとんど変わらない時間で
複数の濾過池の濾過砂洗浄を行うことができる。The filtration ponds A to F are filtration ponds in which backwashing is performed every 48 hours. As shown in FIG. 4, the time interval between the backflow cleaning of each filtration pond is 8 hours. First, a predetermined amount of filtered sand is sucked from the filtration pond A. The sucked filter sand is washed for one hour in a sand washing device. The filtered sand from which dirt has been removed is stored in a storage tank filled with water. The stored filtered sand after the washing is returned to the filtering pond B where the backwashing starts after 8 hours from the backwashing of the filtering pond A. During backwashing of the filtration basin B, the washed filter sand is returned and the soiled filter sand is sucked. The filter sand sucked in the filter pond B is washed for one hour by a sand washing device, and the washed filter sand is stored in a storage tank filled with water. The stored filtered sand after the washing is returned to the filtering pond C where the backwashing starts after 8 hours from the backwashing of the filtering pond B. At the time of backwashing of the filtration basin C, the washed filter sand is returned and dirty filter sand is sucked. In this way, after the elapse of 48 hours, a predetermined amount of the filtered sand is sucked in all the filtration ponds A to F, and a predetermined amount of the filtered sand is returned. This step can be repeated to wash all the filtered sand in the filtration ponds A to F. By adjusting the timing of the backwashing of the plurality of filtration ponds in this way, it is possible to perform the filtration sand washing of the plurality of filtration ponds in a time that is almost the same as the time required for the cleaning of the filtration sand of the single filtration basin.
【００４２】また、仮に濾過池の濾過砂が、濾過池Ａ→
Ｆの順で汚れがひどくなっている場合には、図５に示す
ように濾過池Ａの洗浄後の濾過砂を濾過池Ｅに、濾過池
Ｅの洗浄後の濾過砂を濾過池Ｃに、濾過池Ｃの洗浄後の
濾過砂を濾過池Ｄに、濾過池Ｄの洗浄後の濾過砂を濾過
池Ａに戻すことにより、濾過池Ａ〜Ｆの濾過砂の平準化
を図ることができる。Also, if the filter sand of the filter pond is changed to filter pond A →
When the dirt gets worse in the order of F, as shown in FIG. 5, the filter sand after washing of the filter pond A is placed in the filter pond E, the filter sand after washing of the filter pond E is placed in the filter pond C, By returning the filter sand after the washing of the filter pond C to the filter pond D and the filter sand after the wash of the filter pond D to the filter pond A, the filter sand of the filter pond A to F can be leveled.
【００４３】また、少なくとも、急速濾過池から濾過砂
を吸い取る工程と砂洗浄装置で濾過砂を洗浄する工程と
急速濾過池へ汚れを除去した濾過砂を戻す工程の３工
程、または急速濾過池から濾過砂を吸い取る工程と砂洗
浄装置で濾過砂を洗浄する工程と洗浄した濾過砂を貯留
槽で貯留する工程と急速濾過池へ汚れを除去した濾過砂
を戻す工程の４工程をシーケンス制御により自動的に行
うことにより、濾過砂を新砂同様の状態に長期間保つこ
とが可能となり、更生工事の周期を飛躍的に延長するこ
とが可能となる。Also, at least three steps: a step of sucking the filter sand from the rapid filtration pond, a step of washing the filter sand with a sand washing device, and a step of returning the filtered sand from which dirt has been removed to the rapid filter pond, or from the rapid filter pond. Automatically controlled by sequence control: 4 steps of sucking the filtered sand, washing the filtered sand with a sand washing device, storing the washed filtered sand in a storage tank, and returning the filtered sand from which dirt has been removed to the rapid filtration pond. By performing the method, the filtered sand can be maintained in the same state as fresh sand for a long time, and the cycle of rehabilitation work can be drastically extended.
【図１】本発明の濾過砂洗浄方法の一実施の形態を示す
工程図FIG. 1 is a process chart showing one embodiment of a method for washing filtered sand of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の濾過砂洗浄システムの一実施の形態を
示す概略図FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the filtration sand cleaning system of the present invention.
【図３】図２に示す急速濾過池のＡ−Ａ線断面図FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of the rapid filtration pond shown in FIG. 2;
【図４】複数の濾過池に対応した濾過砂の流れを示す図FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the flow of filtered sand corresponding to a plurality of filtration ponds.
【図５】濾過池間の濾過砂の移動の一例を示す図FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the movement of filtered sand between filtration ponds.
１ 急速濾過池 ２ ポンプ ３ 砂洗浄装置 ４ 洗浄砂ストック槽 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rapid filtration pond 2 Pump 3 Sand washing device 4 Washing sand stock tank
Claims (18)
の逆流洗浄時に該急速濾過池から所定量の濾過砂を吸い
取り、該吸い取った濾過砂を砂洗浄装置に供給し、該砂
洗浄装置によって前記濾過砂の汚れを除去し、汚れを除
去した前記濾過砂を前記急速濾過池の逆流洗浄時に該急
速濾過池に戻し、前記濾過砂の吸取り、洗浄、戻しの工
程を繰り返して前記急速濾過池内の濾過砂を洗浄するこ
とを特徴とする濾過砂洗浄方法。1. A backwashing of a rapid filtration pond for purifying water by filtration sand, a predetermined amount of filtration sand is sucked from the rapid filtration pond, and the sucked filtration sand is supplied to a sand cleaning device. The filter sand is removed, and the filter sand from which the stain is removed is returned to the rapid filtration tank during backwashing of the rapid filtration tank, and the steps of sucking, washing, and returning the filter sand are repeated to perform the rapid filtration. A method for washing filtered sand, comprising washing filtered sand in a pond.
水を貯留する洗浄槽と、該洗浄槽内でほぼ鉛直な軸の回
りに回転するスクリューコンベアと、該スクリューコン
ベアを、前記洗浄水の水面下にある前記スクリューコン
ベアの下部において該スクリューコンベアの回転により
前記砂と前記洗浄水を上昇させるとともに該洗浄水を介
在させた前記砂同士の接触により該砂の汚れを除去し、
前記洗浄水の水面上にある前記スクリューコンベアの上
部において前記砂を前記スクリューコンベア上で流動さ
せて、汚泥を含む水をわずかに含む前記砂同士の接触に
よって該砂の汚れを除去するような速度で回転させる手
段と、上昇させた該砂を前記スクリューコンベアの下部
まで下降させ、再び該スクリューコンベアで上昇させる
循環手段とからなる装置を使用することを特徴とする請
求項１記載の濾過砂洗浄方法。2. A washing tank for storing washing water together with sand, a screw conveyor rotating around a substantially vertical axis in the washing tank, and the screw conveyor, At the lower part of the screw conveyor below, the sand and the washing water are raised by rotation of the screw conveyor and the dirt of the sand is removed by contact of the sands with the washing water interposed therebetween,
The speed at which the sand flows over the screw conveyor at the top of the screw conveyor, which is above the surface of the wash water, to remove dirt from the sand by contact between the sands containing a small amount of water containing sludge. 2. A filter sand washing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said apparatus comprises: means for rotating by means of: and a circulating means for lowering the raised sand to a lower portion of said screw conveyor and raising it again by said screw conveyor. Method.
除去した後、該汚れを除去した濾過砂を前記急速濾過池
に戻すまで貯留槽に貯留することを特徴とする請求項１
または２記載の濾過砂洗浄方法。3. The filter sand after removing dirt from the filtered sand by the sand washing device is stored in a storage tank until the filtered sand is returned to the rapid filtration tank.
Or the filtered sand washing method according to 2.
と触れないように水を入れておくことを特徴とする請求
項３記載の濾過砂洗浄方法。4. The method for washing filtered sand according to claim 3, wherein water is put into the storage tank so that the stored filtered sand does not come into contact with air.
の逆流洗浄時に該急速濾過池から所定量の濾過砂を吸い
取り、該吸い取った濾過砂を砂洗浄装置に供給し、該砂
洗浄装置によって前記濾過砂の汚れを除去し、該汚れを
除去した濾過砂を貯留槽に貯留し、該貯留しておいた濾
過砂を前記急速濾過池とは異なる急速濾過池の逆流洗浄
時に該急速濾過池に戻し、前記濾過砂の吸取り、洗浄、
貯留、戻しの工程を繰り返して複数の急速濾過池内の濾
過砂を洗浄することを特徴とする濾過砂洗浄方法。5. A backwashing of a rapid filtration pond for purifying water by using filtration sand, a predetermined amount of filtration sand is sucked from the rapid filtration pond, and the sucked filtration sand is supplied to a sand washing device. The filter sand is removed by dirt, and the filter sand from which the dirt is removed is stored in a storage tank, and the stored filter sand is filtered by the rapid filtration at the time of backflow washing of a rapid filtration pond different from the rapid filtration pond. Return to the pond, suck the filter sand, wash,
A method for washing filtered sand, comprising washing the filtered sand in a plurality of rapid filtration ponds by repeating the storage and return steps.
により自動的に行うことを特徴とする請求項１から５い
ずれか１項記載の濾過砂洗浄方法。6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the repetition of each step is automatically performed by sequence control.
る位置から離れた位置に前記汚れを除去した濾過砂を戻
すことを特徴とする請求項１から６のいずれか１項記載
の濾過砂洗浄方法。7. The filter sand washing according to claim 1, wherein the filter sand from which the dirt has been removed is returned to a position away from a position where the filter sand is sucked in the rapid filtration tank. Method.
吸い取る毎に移動させることを特徴とする請求項１から
７いずれか１項記載の濾過砂洗浄方法。8. The method for cleaning filtered sand according to claim 1, wherein the position for sucking the filtered sand is moved every time the filtered sand is sucked.
を、濾過砂を戻す毎に移動させることを特徴とする請求
項１から８いずれか１項記載の濾過洗浄方法。9. The method according to claim 1, wherein a position for returning the filtered sand from which the dirt has been removed is moved each time the filtered sand is returned.
池の砂利層の表面に不陸を形成しない大きさの吸引力で
行うことを特徴とする請求項１から９いずれか１項記載
の濾過砂洗浄方法。10. The suction filter according to claim 1, wherein the suction of the filtered sand is performed by a suction force having a magnitude that does not form unevenness on the surface of the gravel layer of the rapid filtration pond. Filter sand washing method.
砂を吸い取る手段と、吸い取った該濾過砂を洗浄する砂
洗浄装置と、該砂洗浄装置から前記急速濾過池へ汚れを
除去した濾過砂を戻す手段とを備えてなることを特徴と
する濾過砂洗浄システム。11. A rapid filtration pond, means for sucking filtered sand from the rapid filtration pond, a sand washing device for washing the sucked filter sand, and filtration for removing dirt from the sand washing device to the rapid filtration pond. And a means for returning the sand.
砂を前記急速濾過池へ戻す前に貯留する貯留槽をさらに
備えたものであることを特徴とする請求項１１記載の濾
過砂洗浄システム。12. The filtered sand cleaning system according to claim 11, further comprising a storage tank for storing the filtered sand from which dirt has been removed by the sand cleaning device before returning the filtered sand to the rapid filtration tank. .
空気と触れないように該貯留槽内に水を供給する手段を
備えたものであることを特徴とする請求項１２記載に濾
過砂洗浄システム。13. The storage tank according to claim 12, wherein said storage tank is provided with means for supplying water into said storage tank such that filtered sand in said storage tank does not come into contact with air. Filter sand washing system.
を特徴とする請求項１１、１２または１３記載の濾過砂
洗浄システム。14. The filter sand cleaning system according to claim 11, wherein a plurality of said rapid filtration ponds are provided.
濾過池から濾過砂を吸い取る工程と前記砂洗浄装置で濾
過砂を洗浄する工程と前記急速濾過池へ汚れを除去した
濾過砂を戻す工程の少なくとも３工程、または前記急速
濾過池から濾過砂を吸い取る工程と前記砂洗浄装置で濾
過砂を洗浄する工程と洗浄した濾過砂を貯留槽で貯留す
る工程と前記急速濾過池へ汚れを除去した濾過砂を戻す
工程の少なくとも４工程をシーケンス制御により自動的
に行う制御手段を備えたものであることを特徴とする請
求項１１から１４いずれか１項記載の濾過砂洗浄システ
ム。15. The filter sand washing system comprising: a step of sucking filter sand from the quick filtration tank, a step of washing the filter sand with the sand washing device, and a step of returning the filtered sand to the quick filtration tank. At least three steps, a step of sucking filter sand from the rapid filtration tank, a step of washing the filter sand with the sand washing device, a step of storing the washed filter sand in a storage tank, and a step of removing dirt to the rapid filtration tank. The filter sand cleaning system according to any one of claims 11 to 14, further comprising control means for automatically performing at least four of the steps of returning the sand by sequence control.
手段と、前記急速濾過池へ汚れを除去した砂を戻す手段
が、前記急速濾過池の互いに離れた位置に設けられてい
ることを特徴とする請求項１１から１５いずれか１項記
載の濾過砂洗浄システム。16. The rapid filtration pond is provided with means for sucking filtered sand from the rapid filtration pond and means for returning the soil-removed sand to the rapid filtration pond at positions separated from each other in the rapid filtration pond. The filter sand washing system according to any one of claims 11 to 15.
手段と、前記急速濾過池へ汚れを除去した砂を戻す手段
の少なくとも一方が移動可能に設けられていることを特
徴とする請求項１１から１６いずれか１項記載の濾過砂
洗浄システム。17. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein at least one of a means for sucking the filtered sand from the rapid filtration tank and a means for returning the soil-removed sand to the rapid filtration tank is movably provided. 16. The filtration sand cleaning system according to any one of 16).
を貯留する洗浄槽と、該洗浄槽内でほぼ鉛直な軸の回り
に回転するスクリューコンベアと、該スクリューコンベ
アを、前記洗浄水の水面下にある前記スクリューコンベ
アの下部において該スクリューコンベアの回転により前
記砂と前記洗浄水を上昇させるとともに該洗浄水を介在
させた前記砂同士の接触により該砂の汚れを除去し、前
記洗浄水の水面上にある前記スクリューコンベアの上部
において前記砂を前記スクリューコンベア上で流動させ
て、汚泥を含む水をわずかに含む前記砂同士の接触によ
って該砂の汚れを除去するような速度で回転させる手段
と、上昇させた該砂を前記スクリューコンベアの下部ま
で下降させ、再び該スクリューコンベアで上昇させる循
環手段とからなるものであることを特徴とする請求項１
１から１７いずれか１項記載の濾過砂洗浄システム。18. A washing tank for storing washing water together with sand, a screw conveyor rotating around a substantially vertical axis in the washing tank, and the screw conveyor, wherein At the lower part of the screw conveyor below, the sand and the washing water are raised by the rotation of the screw conveyor, and the sand is removed by contact between the sands with the washing water interposed therebetween, and the washing water is removed. Means for flowing the sand on the screw conveyor at the top of the screw conveyor, which is above the water surface, and rotating at a speed such that the sand is removed by contact between the sands containing a small amount of water containing sludge; And circulating means for lowering the raised sand to a lower portion of the screw conveyor and raising the sand again by the screw conveyor. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein
18. The filtration sand washing system according to any one of 1 to 17.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21305699A JP3693532B2 (en) | 1999-07-28 | 1999-07-28 | Filtration sand cleaning method and system |
| TW89124168A TW505531B (en) | 1999-07-28 | 2000-11-15 | Filter sand washing method and system therefore |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21305699A JP3693532B2 (en) | 1999-07-28 | 1999-07-28 | Filtration sand cleaning method and system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001038120A true JP2001038120A (en) | 2001-02-13 |
| JP3693532B2 JP3693532B2 (en) | 2005-09-07 |
Family
ID=16632809
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21305699A Expired - Lifetime JP3693532B2 (en) | 1999-07-28 | 1999-07-28 | Filtration sand cleaning method and system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3693532B2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW505531B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104524843A (en) * | 2015-01-01 | 2015-04-22 | 湖南东祥油脂有限公司 | Washing method of filtering screen of decoloration filtering machine |
-
1999
- 1999-07-28 JP JP21305699A patent/JP3693532B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-11-15 TW TW89124168A patent/TW505531B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104524843A (en) * | 2015-01-01 | 2015-04-22 | 湖南东祥油脂有限公司 | Washing method of filtering screen of decoloration filtering machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW505531B (en) | 2002-10-11 |
| JP3693532B2 (en) | 2005-09-07 |
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