JP2000291129A - Structure of handrail - Google Patents
Structure of handrailInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000291129A JP2000291129A JP11095489A JP9548999A JP2000291129A JP 2000291129 A JP2000291129 A JP 2000291129A JP 11095489 A JP11095489 A JP 11095489A JP 9548999 A JP9548999 A JP 9548999A JP 2000291129 A JP2000291129 A JP 2000291129A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- handrail
- wind
- shape
- cross
- handrails
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は建物の手すり構造に
関する。The present invention relates to a handrail structure for a building.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】建物のベランダ部分には通常複数本の棒
状手すり子を等間隔で並列配置した手すりが設けられ
る。このような手すりは、風を受けると風向や風速に応
じて風切り音を発生する。このような風切り音を小さく
するため、従来、特に風切り音が大きくなる建物の隅部
のベランダ部分を手すりに代えてコンクリート等の壁体
で構成して風の通過を防止したり、あるいは、手すりの
外側に防風板を設けて風を遮ることにより風切り音の防
止を図っていた。2. Description of the Related Art On a veranda portion of a building, a handrail is usually provided in which a plurality of bar-shaped handrails are arranged in parallel at equal intervals. Such a handrail generates a wind noise according to the wind direction and the wind speed when receiving the wind. Conventionally, in order to reduce such wind noise, a veranda at the corner of a building where wind noise is particularly loud is replaced with a handrail, and is constructed of a wall made of concrete or the like to prevent the passage of wind, or a handrail. A windbreak plate was provided outside the windshield to block the wind to prevent wind noise.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、手すり
に代えてコンクリート壁体を設けると、建物ベランダ部
分の重量が大きくなりまた施工も面倒になって好ましく
ない。また、手すりの外側に防風板を設けると、風圧が
大きくなるためこれに対応して手すりの強度を大きくす
る必要があり、この場合にも各手すり子外形が大きくな
って手すり自体の重量の増加や施工の煩雑さを伴う。However, if a concrete wall is provided instead of the handrail, the weight of the building veranda becomes large and the construction is troublesome, which is not preferable. In addition, if a windbreak plate is provided outside the handrail, the wind pressure will increase, so the strength of the handrail must be correspondingly increased. In this case, the outer shape of each handrail also increases, and the weight of the handrail itself increases. And complicated construction.
【0004】本発明は上記従来技術を考慮し、簡単な構
造で重量の増加や施工の煩雑さを伴うことなく効果的に
風切り音を防止できる手すり構造の提供を目的とする。The present invention has been made in consideration of the above prior art, and has as its object to provide a handrail structure that can effectively prevent wind noise with a simple structure without increasing the weight or complicating the construction.
【0005】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成するた
め、本発明では、複数本の手すり子を等間隔で並列配置
した手すり構造において、前記手すり子の断面形状は長
軸を有する略長円形状であって、前記手すり子の配列方
向に対し、各手すり子断面の長軸が交互に逆方向に傾斜
するように手すり子を並列配置したことを特徴とする手
すり構造を提供する。In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in a handrail structure in which a plurality of handrails are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, the cross-sectional shape of the handrail is substantially oblong having a major axis. A handrail structure is provided in which the handrails are arranged in parallel such that the long axes of the cross sections of the handrails are alternately inclined in opposite directions with respect to the arrangement direction of the handrails.
【0006】この構成によれば、各手すり子の断面形状
が角部をもたない滑らかな長円形状であるため風切り音
が抑制され、さらにこの場合隣接する手すり子の長円断
面がハ字状になるように手すり子を配列することにより
風切り音がさらに効果的に防止される。[0006] According to this configuration, since the cross-sectional shape of each handrail is a smooth elliptical shape having no corners, wind noise is suppressed, and in this case, the elliptical cross-section of the adjacent handrail is formed in a V shape. By arranging the handrails in a zigzag manner, wind noise is more effectively prevented.
【0007】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】図1は、本発明が適用される手す
りの正面図である。この手すり1は、左右の支柱2,2
と上枠3および下枠4間に、複数本の長さLの棒状手す
り子5を等間隔Pで並列配置して床6上に設置したもの
である。本発明に係る手すり子5は、その断面形状が以
下に説明するように滑らかな曲面で囲まれた長円形状で
ある。図2(A)(B)(C)は、それぞれ上記手すり
1の各手すり子5の断面の長円形状の例を示す。各例と
も、長軸aおよび短軸bを有し各軸に関し対称な形状で
ある。(A)図は楕円形状を示す。(B)図は、長軸a
の両端部がほぼ半円形状で長手方向の両側縁が直線状の
手すり子を示す。(C)図は、長軸aおよび短軸bの両
側縁が直線状であって4隅部が滑らかな円弧で連続した
矩形に近い形状である。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a front view of a handrail to which the present invention is applied. This handrail 1 is composed of left and right supports 2, 2
A plurality of bar-shaped handrails 5 having a length L are arranged side by side at equal intervals P between the upper frame 3 and the lower frame 4 and installed on a floor 6. The handrail 5 according to the present invention has an oval cross section surrounded by a smooth curved surface as described below. 2 (A), 2 (B) and 2 (C) show examples of the cross section of each handrail 5 of the handrail 1 in the shape of an ellipse. Each example has a major axis a and a minor axis b, and has a symmetrical shape with respect to each axis. (A) shows an elliptical shape. (B) Figure shows major axis a
Shows a handrail whose both ends are substantially semicircular and whose both longitudinal edges are straight. FIG. 4C shows a shape close to a rectangle in which both side edges of the major axis a and the minor axis b are linear and four corners are continuous with a smooth arc.
【0008】このように、本発明に係る手すり子5は断
面が長円形状である。この場合、長円形状とは、長軸a
および短軸bを有し、輪郭が滑らかな曲線または滑らか
に連続する曲線と直線とにより形成された形状をいう。
また、長軸aおよび短軸bに関し対称であれば製造上お
よび施工上有利である。As described above, the handrail 5 according to the present invention has an oval cross section. In this case, the oval shape refers to the long axis a
And a shape having a short axis b and having a smooth contour or a smoothly continuous curve and a straight line.
In addition, if it is symmetrical with respect to the major axis a and the minor axis b, it is advantageous in manufacturing and construction.
【0009】図3は、本発明の実施の形態に係る手すり
における手すり子5の配列形状を示す平面図である。図
示したように、長円断面の手すり子5は、隣接する手す
り子5同士がハ字形状を形成するように、交互に逆向き
に傾斜して一定ピッチPで配列される。このピッチPは
例えば120mmまたはそれ以下である。各手すり子5
の長軸方向の長さL1は約30mm〜80mmの範囲、
また短軸方向の長さL2は約15mm〜60mmの範囲
とし、またL1:L2は約4:1〜約1.5:1とする
ことが特に防音特性上好ましい。また、各手すり子5の
長軸aは、手すり子5の配列方向Sと直交する方向Tに
対し一定の角度αだけ傾斜している。この傾斜角度αは
約30度〜70度、特に好ましくは45度〜60度であ
ることが防音特性上好ましい。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the handrails 5 in the handrail according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the handrails 5 having an oval cross section are alternately inclined in the opposite direction and arranged at a constant pitch P so that adjacent handrails 5 form a C-shape. This pitch P is, for example, 120 mm or less. Each baluster 5
The length L1 in the major axis direction is in the range of about 30 mm to 80 mm,
The length L2 in the short axis direction is preferably in the range of about 15 mm to 60 mm, and L1: L2 is preferably in the range of about 4: 1 to about 1.5: 1, particularly in terms of soundproofing characteristics. The major axis a of each handrail 5 is inclined by a certain angle α with respect to a direction T orthogonal to the direction S in which the handrails 5 are arranged. Is preferably about 30 to 70 degrees, and more preferably 45 to 60 degrees in terms of soundproofing characteristics.
【0010】このようなハ字状の手すり子配列が風切り
音防止効果を有することは、発明者らの実験により確認
されたものである。It has been confirmed by experiments of the inventors that such a V-shaped handrail arrangement has a wind noise preventing effect.
【0011】図4(A)〜(E)は、実験を行った手す
り子5の各種配列形状を示す。(A)は、配列方向Sに
対し、各手すり子5の長軸を一致させて配列したもの、
(B)は、配列方向Sに対し、各手すり子5の長軸を直
交配置したもの、(C)は、配列方向Sに対し、各手す
り子5の長軸を直交したものと傾斜させたものを交互に
配置したもの、(D)は、長軸を一定方向に傾斜させた
もの、(E)は、長軸をハ字状に配置した配列を示す。
このような異なる手すり子配置の手すり(A)〜(E)
に対し、風向および風速を変えて風を吹き付けてその風
切り音を測定する実験を行った。FIGS. 4A to 4E show various arrangement shapes of the handrails 5 on which experiments were performed. (A) is an arrangement in which the major axes of the handrails 5 are aligned in the arrangement direction S,
(B) is a view in which the long axis of each handrail 5 is arranged orthogonally to the arrangement direction S, and (C) is a view in which the long axis of each handrail 5 is orthogonal to the arrangement direction S. (D) shows an arrangement in which the major axis is inclined in a fixed direction, and (E) shows an arrangement in which the major axis is arranged in a C-shape.
Handrails (A) to (E) with such different handrail arrangements
In contrast, an experiment was conducted in which the wind was blown while changing the wind direction and speed to measure the wind noise.
【0012】風切り音は風速が大きい程発生しやすい。
したがって、その防止効果についての評価は、まず風速
に対しどの程度の風速まで風切り音が発生しないかにつ
いて行われる。すなわち、なるべく大きな風速に対し風
切り音を発生させないことが望ましい。また、手すりに
対しその手すり形状等に対応してある角度からの風に対
し風切り音が大きくなる。したがって、風切り音防止に
ついては、この風切り音が発生する風向きの角度の範囲
がなるべく狭いほど好ましい。このような点から図4の
(A)〜(E)の手すりを評価した結果、(E)に示す
ハ字状配列の手すりが風切り音の抑制に効果があること
が確認された。The wind noise is more likely to occur as the wind speed increases.
Therefore, the evaluation of the prevention effect is first performed to what extent the wind noise does not occur with respect to the wind speed. That is, it is desirable not to generate wind noise at a wind speed as high as possible. Further, the wind noise increases with respect to the wind from a certain angle corresponding to the shape of the handrail. Therefore, with regard to wind noise prevention, it is preferable that the range of the wind direction angle at which the wind noise is generated is as narrow as possible. From these points, the handrails shown in FIGS. 4A to 4E were evaluated. As a result, it was confirmed that the handrails in the V-shape arrangement shown in FIG. 4E were effective in suppressing wind noise.
【0013】図5〜図7は、このような実験データの一
部を示す。図5(a)は図4(B)の配列、図5(b)
〜(g)は図4(D)の配列、図6は図4(C)の配
列、図7は図4(E)の配列の実験結果を示す。各図の
グラフにおいて、横軸は周波数(Hz)、縦軸は手すり
子の振動加速度の相対レベル(dB)を表わす。図5
(b)〜(g)および図6、図7は、風向きαを手すり
に対し5度から45度まで、又は0度から45度まで5
度間隔で変えた6つ又は7つのグラフによるデータを示
している。なお、風向きαは、図3に示すように、手す
り1の長手方向(手すり子5の配列方向)Sに対する角
度である。FIGS. 5 to 7 show some of such experimental data. FIG. 5 (a) shows the arrangement of FIG. 4 (B), and FIG.
4 (D), FIG. 6 shows the experimental results of the arrangement of FIG. 4 (C), and FIG. 7 shows the experimental results of the arrangement of FIG. 4 (E). In each graph, the horizontal axis represents the frequency (Hz), and the vertical axis represents the relative level (dB) of the vibration acceleration of the handrail. FIG.
(B) to (g) and FIGS. 6 and 7 show the wind direction α from 5 to 45 degrees or 0 to 45 degrees with respect to the handrail.
6 shows data from six or seven graphs at different intervals. The wind direction α is an angle with respect to the longitudinal direction S of the handrail 1 (the direction in which the handrails 5 are arranged) S, as shown in FIG.
【0014】図8は、長軸方向の長さ:短軸方向の長さ
=約4:3の手すり子複数を図4(E)のようにハ字状
に配置したものであって、図4(E)のハ字状配置にお
ける傾斜角度αについての実験データの一部を示す。
(A)はαが55度以外の場合で、(B)はαが55度
の場合であり、(C)は実験時の暗騒音のグラフであ
る。各グラフは、横軸が周波数(Hz)、縦軸が音の強
さ(dB)を示している。実験は、風速を12m/s、
風向はβ=75度として行った。(A)(B)のグラフ
から(C)の暗騒音の値を除去した値が手すりによる風
切り音の強さとなる。この実験から、α=55度のハ字
状配置の手すりとした場合に風切り音の発生が最も小さ
いことが確認された。FIG. 8 shows a plurality of handrails having a length in the major axis direction and a length in the minor axis direction = approximately 4: 3 arranged in a C-shape as shown in FIG. 4 (E) shows a part of experimental data on the inclination angle α in the C-shaped arrangement.
(A) is a case where α is other than 55 degrees, (B) is a case where α is 55 degrees, and (C) is a graph of background noise during an experiment. In each graph, the horizontal axis indicates frequency (Hz), and the vertical axis indicates sound intensity (dB). In the experiment, the wind speed was 12 m / s,
The wind direction was set at β = 75 degrees. The value obtained by removing the value of the background noise of (C) from the graphs of (A) and (B) is the intensity of the wind noise caused by the handrail. From this experiment, it was confirmed that the generation of the wind noise was smallest when the handrails were arranged in a C-shape at α = 55 degrees.
【0015】図9〜図14は、本発明のさらに別の実施
例のハ字状配置の手すり子からなる手すりにおける風切
り音測定結果のデータを示す。各図において、横軸は周
波数(Hz)、縦軸は音の強さ(dB)を示す。各図に
おいて、(a)は手すり子の長さL=700mm、間隔
P=100mm(図1参照)、(b)はL=740m
m、P=110mm、(c)はL=815mm、P=1
10mm、(d)はL=935mm、P=100mmの
データを示す。図9は、風向β=35度、風速14m/
s、図10は、風向β=40度、風速14m/s、図1
1は、風向β=35度、風速18m/s、図12は、風
向β=40度、風速18m/s、図13は、風向β=3
5度、風速22m/s、図14は、風向β=40度、風
速22m/sの場合のデータである。いずれの場合にも
風切り音の強さは充分に低下していることが確認され
た。FIG. 9 to FIG. 14 show data of wind noise measurement results of a handrail having a hand-shaped arrangement of handrails according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In each figure, the horizontal axis indicates frequency (Hz), and the vertical axis indicates sound intensity (dB). In each figure, (a) is the length of the handrail L = 700 mm, the interval P = 100 mm (see FIG. 1), and (b) is L = 740 m.
m, P = 110 mm, (c): L = 815 mm, P = 1
10 mm, (d) shows data when L = 935 mm and P = 100 mm. FIG. 9 shows a wind direction β = 35 degrees and a wind speed of 14 m /
FIG. 10 shows a wind direction β = 40 degrees, a wind speed of 14 m / s, and FIG.
1, wind direction β = 35 degrees, wind speed 18 m / s, FIG. 12 shows wind direction β = 40 degrees, wind speed 18 m / s, FIG. 13 shows wind direction β = 3
FIG. 14 shows data when the wind direction β = 40 degrees and the wind speed is 22 m / s. In each case, it was confirmed that the intensity of the wind noise was sufficiently reduced.
【0016】[0016]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明において
は、各手すり子の断面形状が角部をもたない滑らかな長
円形状であるため風切り音が抑制され、さらにこの場合
隣接する手すり子の長円断面がハ字状になるように手す
り子を交互に逆方向に傾斜させて配列することにより、
簡単な構造で重量の増加や施工の煩雑さを伴うことな
く、風切り音が効果的に防止される。As described above, according to the present invention, since the cross-sectional shape of each handrail is a smooth ellipse having no corners, wind noise is suppressed, and in this case, the adjacent handrails are further reduced. By arranging the handrails alternately inclined in the opposite direction so that the oval cross section becomes a C shape,
The wind noise can be effectively prevented with a simple structure without increasing the weight or complicating the construction.
【図1】 本発明が適用される手すりの正面図。FIG. 1 is a front view of a handrail to which the present invention is applied.
【図2】 本発明に係る手すり子の断面形状の例を示す
図。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a cross-sectional shape of a handrail according to the present invention.
【図3】 本発明の実施形態に係る手すり子配列を示す
平面図。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a handrail array according to the embodiment of the present invention.
【図4】 手すり子の配列形状が異なる手すりの例を示
す図。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a handrail having a different handrail array configuration.
【図5】 (a)は図4(B)の風切り音のグラフ、
(b)〜(g)は図4(D)の風切り音のグラフ。5 (a) is a graph of the wind noise of FIG. 4 (B),
(B)-(g) is a graph of the wind noise of FIG. 4 (D).
【図6】 図4(C)の風切り音のグラフ。FIG. 6 is a graph of the wind noise of FIG. 4 (C).
【図7】 図4(E)の風切り音のグラフ。FIG. 7 is a graph of the wind noise of FIG. 4 (E).
【図8】 本発明の手すり子の傾斜角度αに関する実験
データのグラフ。FIG. 8 is a graph of experimental data relating to the inclination angle α of the handrail of the present invention.
【図9】 本発明の手すりにおける風向β=35度、風
速14m/sの場合の風切り音の測定データのグラフ。FIG. 9 is a graph of measured data of wind noise when the handrail of the present invention has a wind direction β = 35 degrees and a wind speed of 14 m / s.
【図10】 本発明の手すりにおける風向β=40度、
風速14m/sの場合の風切り音の測定データのグラ
フ。FIG. 10: Wind direction β = 40 degrees in the handrail of the present invention,
The graph of the measurement data of the wind noise when the wind speed is 14 m / s.
【図11】 本発明の手すりにおける風向β=35度、
風速18m/sの場合の風切り音の測定データのグラ
フ。FIG. 11: Wind direction β = 35 degrees in the handrail of the present invention,
7 is a graph of measured data of wind noise at a wind speed of 18 m / s.
【図12】 本発明の手すりにおける風向β=40度、
風速18m/sの場合の風切り音の測定データのグラ
フ。FIG. 12: Wind direction β = 40 degrees in the handrail of the present invention,
7 is a graph of measured data of wind noise at a wind speed of 18 m / s.
【図13】 本発明の手すりにおける風向β=35度、
風速22m/sの場合の風切り音の測定データのグラ
フ。FIG. 13: Wind direction β = 35 degrees in the handrail of the present invention,
7 is a graph of measured data of wind noise when the wind speed is 22 m / s.
【図14】 本発明の手すりにおける風向β=40度、
風速22m/sの場合の風切り音の測定データのグラ
フ。FIG. 14: Wind direction β = 40 degrees in the handrail of the present invention,
7 is a graph of measured data of wind noise when the wind speed is 22 m / s.
1:手すり、2:支柱、3:上枠、4:下枠、5:手す
り子、6:床、a:長軸、b:短軸、S:手すり子の配
列方向、T:手すり子の配列方向に直交する方向、α:
手すり子の傾斜角度、β:風向、F0:手すりの正面か
ら直角に向かう風(風向90度) F1:手すりに沿って真横から吹く風(風向0度)。1: Railing 2: Strut 3: Upper frame 4: Lower frame 5: Railing, 6: Floor, a: Long axis, b: Short axis, S: Arranging direction of railing, T: Railing Direction perpendicular to the array direction, α:
Inclination angle of the handrail, β: wind direction, F0: wind heading at right angles from the front of the handrail (wind direction 90 °) F1: wind blowing from the side along the handrail (wind direction 0 °).
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (71)出願人 599044559 宮田 勝文 山梨県甲府市和田町2957−13 (72)発明者 山田 聡 東京都台東区上野1丁目13番3号 旭硝子 防音システム株式会社内 (72)発明者 山田 伸志 山梨県甲府市湯村3丁目12−30 (72)発明者 宮田 勝文 山梨県甲府市和田町2957−13 (72)発明者 北村 敏也 山梨県甲府市西田町5−63サンアンドグリ ーン101 (72)発明者 栗田 剛 東京都渋谷区渋谷1丁目16番14号 東急建 設株式会社内 (72)発明者 加藤 信男 東京都渋谷区渋谷1丁目16番14号 東急建 設株式会社内 Fターム(参考) 2E001 DF05 DF11 DF14 GA62 HF00 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (71) Applicant 599044559 Katsufumi Miyata 2957-13, Wada-cho, Kofu City, Yamanashi Prefecture (72) Inventor Satoshi Yamada 1-13-3 Ueno, Taito-ku, Tokyo Asahi Glass Soundproofing System Co., Ltd. (72 Inventor Shinji Yamada 3-12-30 Yumura, Kofu City, Yamanashi Prefecture (72) Inventor Katsufumi Miyata 2957-13, Wadacho, Kofu City, Yamanashi Prefecture (72) Inventor Toshiya Kitamura 5-63 Nishidacho, Kofu City, Yamanashi Prefecture Green 101 (72) Inventor Tsuyoshi Kurita 1-16-14 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Tokyu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Nobuo Kato 1-16-14 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Tokyu Construction Shares F term in the company (reference) 2E001 DF05 DF11 DF14 GA62 HF00
Claims (3)
手すり構造において、 前記手すり子の断面形状は長軸を有する略長円形状であ
って、 前記手すり子の配列方向に対し、各手すり子断面の長軸
が交互に逆方向に傾斜するように手すり子を並列配置し
たことを特徴とする手すり構造。1. A handrail structure in which a plurality of handrails are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the handrail is a substantially elliptical shape having a major axis, and A handrail structure in which handrails are arranged in parallel so that long axes of the handrail cross sections are alternately inclined in opposite directions.
5:1 であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の手すり構造。2. The cross-sectional shape of the handrail is as follows: length in the major axis direction: length in the minor axis direction = about 4: 1 to about 1: 1.
The handrail structure according to claim 1, wherein the ratio is 5: 1.
に直交する方向に対し30度〜70度であることを特徴
とする請求項1または2に記載の手すり構造。3. The handrail structure according to claim 1, wherein an inclination angle of the major axis is 30 degrees to 70 degrees with respect to a direction orthogonal to a handrail array direction.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP09548999A JP3746391B2 (en) | 1999-04-01 | 1999-04-01 | Handrail structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP09548999A JP3746391B2 (en) | 1999-04-01 | 1999-04-01 | Handrail structure |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2000291129A true JP2000291129A (en) | 2000-10-17 |
JP3746391B2 JP3746391B2 (en) | 2006-02-15 |
Family
ID=14139026
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP09548999A Expired - Lifetime JP3746391B2 (en) | 1999-04-01 | 1999-04-01 | Handrail structure |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3746391B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009041320A (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-26 | Taisei Corp | Attachment to exterior material |
JP2018172961A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-11-08 | 三協立山株式会社 | Lattice body |
-
1999
- 1999-04-01 JP JP09548999A patent/JP3746391B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009041320A (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-26 | Taisei Corp | Attachment to exterior material |
JP2018172961A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-11-08 | 三協立山株式会社 | Lattice body |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3746391B2 (en) | 2006-02-15 |
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