JP2000264764A - Production of compost consisting of waste mud - Google Patents

Production of compost consisting of waste mud

Info

Publication number
JP2000264764A
JP2000264764A JP6627099A JP6627099A JP2000264764A JP 2000264764 A JP2000264764 A JP 2000264764A JP 6627099 A JP6627099 A JP 6627099A JP 6627099 A JP6627099 A JP 6627099A JP 2000264764 A JP2000264764 A JP 2000264764A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
waste mud
compost
sludge
waste
clay
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP6627099A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroshi Ogiya
浩 扇谷
Haruhiko Kawabata
治彦 川端
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd
Priority to JP6627099A priority Critical patent/JP2000264764A/en
Publication of JP2000264764A publication Critical patent/JP2000264764A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Landscapes

  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable easy dehydration of even a hardly dehydratable waste mud containing clay or silt fraction at a specific ratio or above and to obtain compost without execution of any pretreatment at all by adding material which is a nitrogen source to a waste mud fiber composite obtained by adding plant fibers to the waste mud, then dehydrating the waste mud to cause fermentation, thereby forming the composite. SOLUTION: The waste mud contains >=20% clay or silt fraction, i.e. the total weight of the clay and the silt fraction occupies >=20% of the solid content weight of the waste mud. The plant fibers are added to the waste mud and the waste mud is dehydrated, by which dehydration efficiency is improved. Organic matter containing nitrogen compounds and organic matter are mixed with such waste mud fiber composite to form the composite, by which microorganisms are vigorously propagated. The compost is thus formed by the fermentation. In addition, easy pulverization is made possible without using a special mechanical device. If pulp fibers are used as the plant fibers, the compost does not contain the components detrimental to plants and bacteria and the decomposition is fast. The compost production period is thus shortened. Waste of agricultural products, etc., may be treated together with the waste mud.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、水道水または工業
用水を製造する過程で生じる粘土またはシルトを含有す
る浄水排泥や工業用水排泥を再利用する技術に関し、上
記排泥に植物性繊維を混合し、脱水処理してなる排泥繊
維複合体を堆積、発酵させることによる堆肥の製造方法
に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technology for recycling purified or industrial water sludge containing clay or silt generated in the process of producing tap water or industrial water, and relates to a method for reusing the plant fiber in the waste water. The present invention relates to a method for producing compost by depositing and fermenting a wastewater fiber composite obtained by mixing and dewatering.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】浄水排泥や工業用水排泥は多量の水に懸
濁した状態で排出されるため、適当な薬品を添加して凝
集、脱水後、産業廃棄物として処分されている。この処
分には多大な経費を要すると共に、多くは埋め立て処分
されているため廃棄処分場の用地不足が深刻な問題とな
っている。
2. Description of the Related Art Purified water sludge and industrial water sludge are discharged in a state of being suspended in a large amount of water. Therefore, an appropriate chemical is added to the sludge, coagulated and dehydrated, and then disposed of as industrial waste. This disposal requires a great deal of expense, and many of them are landfilled, and the lack of land at disposal sites is a serious problem.

【0003】本来浄水排泥や工業用水排泥は山林や緑
地、田畑等の土壌に由来するものであり、再び自然環境
中に還元しうるものとの考えから、浄水排泥や工業用水
排泥を植物の培養土等として再利用する試みがなされて
いる。その際、浄水排泥や工業用水排泥を適当な水分率
まで脱水、乾燥することが必要で、特に堆肥製造に際し
ては微生物が活発に増殖する水分に調整することが重要
であるが、一般的な加圧脱水装置等を用いた場合、土壌
鉱物からなる粘土やシルトを含む水に懸濁状態の排泥で
は目詰まりや濾砕の形成等が原因で脱水が非常に困難と
なるため、遠心脱水装置等の限られた装置でしか脱水が
できない。また、脱水により形成される排泥ケーキは水
分が減少するにつれ非常に固くなるため、堆肥を製造す
るためには脱水の前後いずれかで粉砕、造粒等の二次的
な加工が必要となる。
[0003] Purified water sludge and industrial water sludge are originally derived from soil such as forests, green lands, and fields, and can be returned to the natural environment again. Attempts have been made to reuse as a plant culture soil. At that time, it is necessary to dewater and dry the purified water sludge and the industrial water sludge to an appropriate moisture content, and it is important to adjust the moisture to a level where microorganisms can actively grow, especially when compost is manufactured. When using a pressurized dewatering device, it is extremely difficult to dewater the sludge suspended in water containing clay or silt made of soil minerals because of clogging and formation of filtration. Dehydration can be performed only with a limited device such as a dehydration device. In addition, since the sludge cake formed by dehydration becomes very hard as the water content decreases, secondary processing such as pulverization and granulation is required before or after dehydration to produce compost. .

【0004】特開平7−290099号公報には、排泥
を効率よく脱水するための脱水排泥を原料とした脱水助
剤の製造方法が開示されているが、脱水助剤を製造する
ための設備やエネルギーが必要となり、容易には実現す
ることができない。
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-29999 discloses a method for producing a dehydration aid using dewatered wastewater as a raw material for efficiently dewatering wastewater. It requires equipment and energy and cannot be easily realized.

【0005】特開平9−216000号公報には、排泥
に古紙粉砕物を混和して脱水する方法が開示されている
が、植物培養土として用いた場合、古紙中の炭素分が窒
素分に比べ過剰なため、古紙を栄養源として微生物が繁
殖する際、窒素飢餓状態を生じ、植物の生育を阻害する
ことが懸念され、十分な肥培管理が要求される。
[0005] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-216000 discloses a method in which waste paper is mixed with waste paper pulverized matter and dewatered, but when used as plant culture soil, the carbon content in the waste paper is reduced to the nitrogen content. Due to the excess, there is a concern that when microorganisms are propagated using waste paper as a nutrient source, a nitrogen starvation state may occur and plant growth may be inhibited, and sufficient fertilization management is required.

【0006】特開平5−207816号公報には、脱水
後粒状に粉砕した高水分の浄水ケーキに低水分のバーク
等有機質素材を添加して浄水ケーキの水分を低下させ、
さらに動植物性有機肥料を添加、混合して発酵させたぼ
かし培養土の製造方法が開示されているが、粒状に粉砕
するための加工装置やエネルギーが必要となる他、浄水
ケーキの水分調整のために、水分を予め調整した有機質
素材が必要となり、実現するためには多くの制約が課せ
られてしまう。
[0006] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-207816 discloses a method of reducing the water content of a water-purified cake by adding an organic material such as bark having a low water content to a water-purified cake having a high water content which has been dewatered and ground.
Furthermore, a method for producing a blurred culture soil that has been added and added with animal and plant organic fertilizers and mixed and fermented is disclosed, but in addition to requiring processing equipment and energy for pulverizing into granules, for adjusting the water content of the purified water cake. In addition, an organic material whose water content is adjusted in advance is required, and many restrictions are imposed to realize the material.

【0007】[0007]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、上記
実状を鑑みたものであって、排泥を再利用するために
は、粘土やシルトを含む脱水困難な排泥であっても簡便
に効率よく脱水することが要求され、さらに堆肥を製造
する際には微生物や植物の生育を阻害しない成分であり
かつ、植物栽培に適した顆粒状もしくは粉状の形態であ
ることが望まれる。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems. In order to reuse the sludge, even if the sludge containing clay or silt is difficult to dewater, it is easy to use. In addition, when compost is produced, it is required that the component be a component that does not inhibit the growth of microorganisms or plants and that it be in a granular or powdery form suitable for plant cultivation.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
検討した結果、排泥脱水時に植物性繊維を添加して脱水
することにより植物性繊維が脱水助剤となって、脱水効
率が向上することを見いだした。さらに、この脱水した
排泥繊維複合体に窒素化合物を含む有機物や無機物を混
合、堆積することにより植物性繊維の主成分に由来する
炭素分と窒素化合物の窒素分とを栄養源として微生物が
活発に繁殖し、発酵により堆肥を製造できることを見い
だした。また、発酵させた堆肥は植物の生育に有効な肥
料成分を含む他、脱水時に添加した植物性繊維が分解さ
れているために特別な機械装置を用いることなく容易に
粉砕が可能となることを見いだした。堆肥化により炭素
分は二酸化炭素として空気中に放出されるため、窒素に
対する炭素の割合が低くなり、土壌に添加して用いても
窒素飢餓状態になる恐れが無いことを見いだした。パル
プ繊維を排泥脱水時の植物性繊維として使用すると、植
物や菌に対して有害な成分が含まれておらず、堆肥を製
造する際にも分解が早く製造期間を短縮できることを見
いだした。加えてパルプ繊維が化学パルプ製造工程より
製造、または排出されたものでは、有害成分や難分解性
成分が極めて少なく、堆肥化に最適であることを見いだ
した。さらに、植物性繊維が農産物等の廃棄物由来のも
のでも利用することが可能であることを見いだした。こ
の場合、農産物等の廃棄物も排泥と共に処理、再利用す
ることが可能となり、堆肥をさらに安価に製造すること
が可能となる。
As a result of investigations to solve the above problems, it has been found that vegetable fibers become dehydration aids by adding vegetable fibers during dewatering and dewatering, thereby improving the dewatering efficiency. I found something. Furthermore, by mixing and depositing organic and inorganic substances containing a nitrogen compound in the dewatered sludge fiber composite, microorganisms are activated using the carbon content derived from the main components of the plant fiber and the nitrogen content of the nitrogen compound as nutrient sources. And fertilized to produce compost by fermentation. In addition, fermented compost contains fertilizer components that are effective for plant growth, and the fact that vegetable fibers added during dehydration are decomposed makes it easy to grind without using special machinery. I found it. Since the carbon content is released into the air as carbon dioxide by composting, the ratio of carbon to nitrogen is reduced, and it has been found that there is no risk of nitrogen starvation even when used in soil. When pulp fiber is used as a vegetable fiber at the time of dewatering sludge, it has been found that it does not contain harmful components to plants and fungi, and that it can be quickly decomposed when producing compost and the production period can be shortened. In addition, it has been found that pulp fibers produced or discharged from the chemical pulp manufacturing process have very few harmful components and hardly decomposable components, and are optimal for composting. Furthermore, they have found that vegetable fibers can be used even if they are derived from waste such as agricultural products. In this case, waste such as agricultural products can be treated and reused together with the sludge, and compost can be produced at a lower cost.

【0009】本発明における排泥とは、河川や湖沼等か
ら取水した土砂や土壌、浮遊物質等の固形物が混入した
水から、飲料水や工業用水を製造する際に除去されるこ
れらの固形物と水との混合物であり、その含水率は一般
に80〜99.9重量%である。
In the present invention, the term “sludge” refers to those solids that are removed when producing drinking water or industrial water from water mixed with solids such as earth and sand, soil, suspended solids, and the like taken from rivers and lakes. And water, the moisture content of which is generally between 80 and 99.9% by weight.

【0010】本発明における植物性繊維とは、植物細胞
の細胞壁成分からなる繊維状物質で製紙原料として木材
や草本植物から精製されたパルプ繊維を始め、稲わらや
果実の絞り粕等細胞壁成分からなる繊維状物質から構成
されるものであれば何でも良い。
[0010] The vegetable fiber in the present invention is a fibrous substance consisting of cell wall components of plant cells and is used as a raw material for papermaking such as pulp fiber purified from wood and herbaceous plants, and cell wall components such as rice straw and fruit pomace. Any material may be used as long as it is made of a fibrous substance.

【0011】本発明において用いる植物性繊維は最大径
0.001〜10mm、最大長0.1〜50mmの大き
さのものが好ましく、これより大きい繊維の場合には添
加前にあらかじめボールミルや回転式ホモジナイザーと
いった湿式や乾式の各種裁断、粉砕、摩砕装置等で好適
な大きさとなるよう前処理を施してから用いる。
The vegetable fiber used in the present invention preferably has a maximum diameter of 0.001 to 10 mm and a maximum length of 0.1 to 50 mm. It is used after being subjected to a pretreatment so as to have a suitable size by various wet or dry cutting, pulverizing, and grinding devices such as a homogenizer.

【0012】本発明における排泥繊維複合体とは、上記
排泥に上記植物性繊維を添加、混合した後脱水したもの
である。この排泥繊維複合体を製造する場合には、排泥
の懸濁液に植物性繊維を排泥固形分に対して1〜300
重量%添加、撹拌した後、ベルトプレスやフィルタープ
レス等の脱水装置や、デカンター等の固液分離装置、ド
ラムドライヤー等の乾燥装置を用いて適当な水分率とな
るまで、脱水すれば良い。なお、さらに効率良く脱水す
るために植物の生育を阻害しない範囲での各種凝集剤や
濾過助剤を添加することは当業者が適宜選択することが
できる。
The sludge fiber composite of the present invention is obtained by adding the above-mentioned vegetable fiber to the above-mentioned sludge, mixing the resultant, and then dehydrating the mixed fiber. When producing this sludge fiber composite, the vegetable fiber is added to the sludge suspension in an amount of 1 to 300 with respect to the sludge solid content.
After adding and stirring by weight, dehydration may be performed using a dehydrating device such as a belt press or a filter press, a solid-liquid separating device such as a decanter, or a drying device such as a drum dryer until an appropriate moisture content is obtained. The addition of various flocculants and filter aids within a range that does not inhibit the growth of plants for more efficient dehydration can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.

【0013】本発明における窒素源となる物質とは、発
酵の際、微生物が資化することが可能な窒素化合物を含
む有機、無機の物質である。有機物としては家畜糞尿や
魚粕、米糠等の動植物性有機物、排水、下水処理汚泥等
の微生物菌体、無機物としては硫酸アンモニウムや硝酸
アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム等のアンモニウム塩や
硝酸塩等が挙げられる他、肥料取締法に規定されたチッ
ソ肥料、化成肥料、有機質肥料等の各種肥料でも良い。
The substance serving as a nitrogen source in the present invention is an organic or inorganic substance containing a nitrogen compound which can be assimilated by microorganisms during fermentation. Organic matter includes animal and plant organic matter such as livestock manure and fish meal, rice bran, and microbial cells such as wastewater and sewage sludge, and inorganic substances include ammonium salts and nitrates such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium chloride. Various fertilizers such as nitrogen fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, and organic fertilizer specified by law may be used.

【0014】本発明における堆肥とは、農業や緑化事業
等の植物栽培において畑や田、森林、果樹園や緑化対象
となる区域の土壌に添加され、肥料や土壌改良を目的と
して用いられる資材である。一般的には微生物の増殖に
好適な炭素分、窒素分、水分となるように各種有機質素
材を調製、混合した後堆積し、発酵させて製造する。こ
の時、場合によっては各種有機質素材に加え、発酵に必
要な各種微生物等を混合することもある。有機質素材に
加えて土壌を添加して製造した堆肥はぼかし堆肥と呼ば
れている。
The compost according to the present invention is a material that is added to soil in fields, fields, forests, orchards and areas to be replanted in plant cultivation such as agriculture and revegetation, and is used for the purpose of fertilizer and soil improvement. is there. In general, various organic materials are prepared, mixed, deposited, fermented, and fermented so as to have a carbon content, a nitrogen content, and moisture suitable for the growth of microorganisms. At this time, in some cases, various microorganisms and the like necessary for fermentation may be mixed in addition to various organic materials. Compost produced by adding soil in addition to organic materials is called blurred compost.

【0015】本発明における堆肥には、土壌に添加して
用いられる一般的な堆肥の他、培養土として利用される
場合も含む。本発明の堆肥は山林や緑地、田畑等の土壌
に由来する排泥を含んでいるため、堆肥自体が土壌とし
ての役割を果たすため、一般的な肥料や土壌改良材とは
異なり、それ自体で植物を栽培することも可能である。
ここでいう培養土とは、樹木や草花、野菜、果実等の植
物体や種子を植えるためのもので、自然環境における土
壌と同等の役割を果たし、かつその代替となるものであ
る。実際に植物を栽培する際には、本発明における堆肥
を主成分として、個々の植物にあった肥料や土壌改良材
等の各種資材を適宜混合、調製して使用することができ
ることは、土壌と同様である。
The compost of the present invention includes not only general compost added to soil but also one used as culture soil. Since the compost of the present invention contains sludge derived from soil such as mountain forests, green lands, and fields, the compost itself serves as soil, so unlike general fertilizers and soil improvement materials, It is also possible to grow plants.
The culture soil as used herein is for planting plants and seeds such as trees, flowers, vegetables, and fruits, and has a role equivalent to that of soil in a natural environment and is an alternative to the soil. When actually cultivating plants, the compost of the present invention as a main component, various materials such as fertilizers and soil improvement materials suitable for individual plants can be appropriately mixed and prepared and used, and the soil and soil can be used. The same is true.

【0016】本発明における化学パルプ製造法により製
造されたパルプとは、クラフトパルプや亜硫酸パルプに
代表される、木材チップや草本性植物より主に酸やアル
カリの化学薬品処理によりパルプ繊維を単離するパルプ
製造法により製造されたパルプでメカニカルパルプ製造
法により製造されたパルプや古紙から再生されたパルプ
は含まれない。
The pulp produced by the chemical pulp production method of the present invention is obtained by isolating pulp fibers from wood chips and herbaceous plants, mainly kraft pulp and sulfite pulp, by chemical treatment mainly with acid or alkali. It does not include pulp produced by the mechanical pulp production method and pulp recycled from waste paper.

【0017】本発明おける植物性廃棄物とは農産廃棄
物、林産廃棄物として排出された上記植物性繊維であ
り、例としてはジュース製造業における果実の絞り粕や
製糖業におけるサトウキビやテンサイの絞り粕、パルプ
製造業におけるチップダストやパルプ粕等が挙げられ
る。
The vegetable wastes in the present invention are the above-mentioned vegetable fibers discharged as agricultural wastes and forest wastes, for example, fruit pulp in the juice industry and sugarcane and sugar beet in the sugar industry. Dust and pulp meal in the pulp manufacturing industry.

【0018】本発明における粘土、シルトとは国際土壌
学会により規定された土壌粒子画分で、粘土は直径0.
002mm以下の粒子、シルトは直径0.02〜0.0
02mmの粒子である。粘土またはシルト画分を20%
以上含む排泥とは粘土及びシルト画分の固形分の合計重
量が排泥の固形分重量の20%以上を占める排泥であ
る。粘土、シルトを含む排泥では、これらが脱水装置の
目詰まりを起こしたり緻密な濾砕を形成することによ
り、水分の移動が妨げられるため、脱水が特に困難であ
り、本発明による植物性繊維を添加することによる濾過
効率の改善が顕著である。また、この排泥から製造され
た堆肥は、粘土やシルトが肥料成分を吸着するために保
肥力が向上したり、微細な空隙が形成されることによる
保水性が向上したり、植物が成長しても植物体を支持す
るのに充分な強度を有し、植物の生育に適した環境を整
える効果がある。
In the present invention, clay and silt are soil particle fractions defined by the International Soil Society, and clay has a diameter of 0.
Particles of 002 mm or less, silt have a diameter of 0.02 to 0.0
02 mm particles. 20% clay or silt fraction
The sludge contained above is sludge in which the total weight of solids in the clay and silt fraction accounts for 20% or more of the solids weight of the sludge. In the case of sludge containing clay and silt, the clogging of the dewatering device and the formation of dense filtration prevent the movement of water, so that dewatering is particularly difficult. The remarkable improvement of the filtration efficiency by the addition of is. In addition, the compost produced from this sludge improves the fertilizing power because clay and silt adsorb the fertilizer components, improves the water retention due to the formation of fine voids, and grows plants. However, it has sufficient strength to support a plant, and has an effect of preparing an environment suitable for plant growth.

【0019】[0019]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明は、排泥に植物性繊維を添
加した後に脱水した排泥繊維複合体と、窒素源を含む物
質とを混合、堆積して発酵させることによる堆肥の製造
方法を提供する。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing compost by mixing, depositing and fermenting a sludge fiber composite which is dehydrated after adding vegetable fibers to sludge, and a substance containing a nitrogen source. I will provide a.

【0020】本発明に用いられる排泥とは浄水または工
業用水を製造する際に河川や湖沼等の水から分離された
固形物と水との混合物であり、例えば浄水場や製紙工場
で発生する産業廃棄物である。
The sludge used in the present invention is a mixture of water and solid matter separated from water such as rivers and lakes when producing purified water or industrial water, and is generated, for example, in water purification plants and paper mills. It is industrial waste.

【0021】本発明に用いられる植物性繊維とは植物細
胞の細胞壁成分からなる繊維状物質であり、この様なも
のとしては、例えば木材パルプ繊維、稲わら、綿花を挙
げることができるが、中でも木材パルプ繊維は構成する
成分の90%以上がセルロースを主体とする多糖からな
り、難分解性のリグニン等の含有率が稲わら等より低い
ため微生物による分解を受けやすく堆肥化に要する時間
が短い上、植物の生育を阻害する成分が含まれていない
ため、堆肥を製造するには好適である。
The plant fiber used in the present invention is a fibrous substance composed of cell wall components of plant cells. Examples of such a fiber include wood pulp fiber, rice straw, and cotton. Wood pulp fiber is composed of a polysaccharide mainly composed of cellulose, at least 90% of its constituent components. Since the content of hardly decomposable lignin and the like is lower than that of rice straw and the like, it is susceptible to decomposition by microorganisms and the time required for composting is short. In addition, since it does not contain components that inhibit plant growth, it is suitable for producing compost.

【0022】本発明に用いられる植物性廃棄物とは農産
廃棄物、林産廃棄物として排出された上記植物性繊維で
あり、この様なものとして、例えば食品加工工場より排
出されるリンゴやミカン、ブドウの絞り粕、製糖工場よ
り排出されるサトウキビやテンサイの絞り粕、パルプ製
造工場より排出される木材チップダストやパルプ粕が挙
げられる。
The vegetable waste used in the present invention is the above-mentioned vegetable fiber discharged as agricultural waste or forest waste, such as apples and tangerines discharged from food processing plants. Examples include grape pomace, sugarcane and sugar beet pomace discharged from a sugar factory, and wood chip dust and pulp plum discharged from a pulp manufacturing factory.

【0023】本発明に用いられる化学パルプ製造法によ
り製造されたパルプとは主に酸やアルカリの化学薬品に
より木材チップや草本性植物から単離されたパルプ繊維
であり、この様なものとして、例えばクラフトパルプ、
亜硫酸パルプが挙げられる。
The pulp manufactured by the chemical pulp manufacturing method used in the present invention is a pulp fiber isolated from wood chips or herbaceous plants mainly by an acid or alkali chemical. For example, kraft pulp,
Sulfite pulp is mentioned.

【0024】本発明における排泥繊維複合体を製造する
際の脱水には例えば、ベルトプレス、フィルタープレ
ス、デカンター、ドラムドライヤーといった装置を用い
ることが可能である。また脱水する前に例えば、カチオ
ン化デンプンやポリアクリルアミドといった凝集剤や、
微結晶セルロースや微細繊維状セルロースといった濾過
助剤を植物や菌の生育に悪影響を及ぼさない範囲で添加
することが可能である。
For the dewatering in the production of the sludge fiber composite of the present invention, for example, a device such as a belt press, a filter press, a decanter, and a drum dryer can be used. Before dehydration, for example, flocculants such as cationized starch and polyacrylamide,
It is possible to add a filter aid such as microcrystalline cellulose or fine fibrous cellulose within a range that does not adversely affect the growth of plants and fungi.

【0025】本発明において用いられる排泥に含まれる
粘土、シルトとして例えば、カオリナイト、ハロイサイ
ト、スメクタイト、バーミキュライト、クロライト、イ
モゴライト、アロフェン、ギブサイト、ヘマタイト、ゲ
ータイト、オパーリンシリカといった鉱物を主成分とす
るものが挙げられるが、中でも堆肥として利用するに
は、スメクタイトやバーミキュライトが含まれている排
泥を用いることが好適である。
The clay and silt contained in the sludge used in the present invention mainly contain minerals such as kaolinite, halloysite, smectite, vermiculite, chlorite, imogolite, allophane, gibbsite, hematite, goethite, and opaline silica. Among them, for use as compost, it is preferable to use sludge containing smectite or vermiculite.

【0026】本発明において用いられる窒素源を含む物
質として例えば、牛糞、豚糞、鶏糞、魚粕、米糠、ふす
ま、おから、油粕、麦芽抽出物といった動植物由来の有
機物や排水、下水処理汚泥、酵母抽出物といった微生物
由来の有機物の他、塩化アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウ
ム、硫酸アンモニウム、尿素、尿酸、各種タンパク質や
アミノ酸、核酸といった有機、無機の各種化合物が挙げ
られる他、肥料取締法に規定されたチッソ肥料、化成肥
料、有機質肥料等の各種肥料を用いることもできる。
The substance containing a nitrogen source used in the present invention includes, for example, organic matter derived from animals and plants such as cow dung, pig dung, chicken dung, fish cake, rice bran, bran, okara, oil cake, malt extract, wastewater, sewage sludge, In addition to organic substances derived from microorganisms such as yeast extracts, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, uric acid, various proteins and amino acids, and various organic and inorganic compounds such as nucleic acids, as well as nitrogen fertilizer specified in the Fertilizer Control Law, Various fertilizers such as chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers can also be used.

【0027】本発明における堆肥製造には、野積み法の
他、ロータリーキルン式、多段式、サイロ式、オーガー
式、ビン式等の各種発酵槽を用いた方法においても製造
することが可能である。堆肥製造中の温度、水分、炭素
率、pH等の堆肥製造時に一般的に評価される項目を指
標として窒素源の選定、窒素源の混合割合、発酵期間、
切り返し時期、水分の添加等の条件を設定すればよい。
In the present invention, compost can be produced by a method using various fermenters such as a rotary kiln type, a multi-stage type, a silo type, an auger type, and a bottle type, in addition to the open pile method. Temperature, moisture, carbon ratio, compost production, etc., which are generally evaluated during compost production, such as pH, are selected as indicators, nitrogen source selection, nitrogen source mixing ratio, fermentation period,
Conditions such as switching time and addition of water may be set.

【0028】[0028]

【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を説明するが、本発
明はこれらに限定されるものではない。また、各実施例
における%はいずれも重量%である。
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Further,% in each example is% by weight.

【0029】実施例1 工業用水製造時に発生した水分95%の排泥1000L
に水分99%の広葉樹晒しクラフトパルプ繊維を排泥の
固形分に対して、パルプ繊維の固形分が30%となるよ
うに混合、撹拌した後、ベルトプレスを用いて排泥繊維
複合体の脱水を行った。脱水後の排泥繊維複合体は面
積、厚み共に手のひら大のケーキ状となり、水分は55
%であった。また、繊維混合前の排泥中の粘土、シルト
含量の合計を国際土壌学会の定めるピペット法により測
定した結果、排泥の固形分に対して54%であった。
Example 1 1000 L of wastewater with 95% water generated during the production of industrial water
Kraft pulp fiber is exposed to a hardwood having a water content of 99%, and the solid content of the pulp fiber is mixed and stirred with the solid content of the sludge so that the solid content of the pulp fiber is 30%. Was done. The dewatered fiber composite after dehydration becomes a palm-sized cake in both area and thickness, and the water content is 55%.
%Met. In addition, the total content of clay and silt in the sludge before fiber mixing was measured by a pipette method determined by the International Society of Soil Science and found to be 54% based on the solid content of the sludge.

【0030】脱水後のケーキ状排泥繊維複合体に市販の
米糠、乾燥鶏糞、豚糞、油粕の合計重量が排泥繊維複合
体の固形分に対して10%の割合となるように混合し、
屋外にて堆積、発酵させた。堆積発酵物を適宜切り返
し、約1ヶ月後に堆肥が製造された。堆肥は直径3cm
以下の土塊状であり、この土塊は手で握ることにより容
易に粉砕でき、顆粒状または粉状となった。これは排泥
繊維複合体中のパルプ繊維が発酵により分解、消滅する
ことによりケーキ状の排泥繊維複合体が崩壊しやすくな
ったためであると考えられる。
The cake-like sludge fiber composite after dehydration was mixed so that the total weight of commercially available rice bran, dried chicken dung, pig dung, and oil cake was 10% of the solid content of the sludge fiber composite. ,
Deposited and fermented outdoors. The fermented sediment was appropriately cut back, and compost was produced about one month later. Compost is 3cm in diameter
The following lumps were obtained. The lumps were easily crushed by grasping with hands, and became granular or powdery. This is considered to be because the pulp fibers in the sludge fiber composite were decomposed and disappeared by fermentation, so that the cake-like sludge fiber composite was easily disintegrated.

【0031】製造された堆肥を市販の川砂と体積比で
0:1、1:1、1:0の割合で混合し、それぞれを5
号サイズの植木鉢に詰めた。それぞれの植木鉢に発芽後
の小松菜種子を播種し適宜散水しながら、30日間培養
した。培養中、肥料の添加は全く行わなかった。培養後
の小松菜の地上部を収穫し、重量を測定した。その結
果、堆肥:川砂が0:1で培養した小松菜の重量に比
べ、1:1では約80倍、1:0では約60倍の重量の
収穫があった。製造された堆肥は土壌に添加して肥料と
して用いる他、堆肥のみを培養土として用いても有効で
ある。
The produced compost was mixed with commercially available river sand at a volume ratio of 0: 1, 1: 1, 1: 0, and each was mixed at 5: 1.
No. size flower pots. Germinated Komatsuna seeds were sown in each flowerpot, and cultured for 30 days while sprinkling water appropriately. No fertilizer was added during the culture. The above-ground parts of the komatsuna after the culture were harvested and weighed. As a result, compared to the weight of Komatsuna grown at 0: 1 compost: river sand, the harvest was about 80 times at 1: 1 and about 60 times at 1: 0. The produced compost is effective when added to soil and used as fertilizer, or when only compost is used as culture soil.

【0032】比較例1 実施例1で用いた排泥を植物性繊維を添加せず、そのま
まベルトプレスで脱水した。脱水後の排泥はスラリー状
で水分は89%であり、このままでは堆肥を製造するた
めの発酵が不可能であり、別の脱水方法を検討する必要
があった。そこで、スラリー状の排泥をプラスチック容
器に入れて水分50%程度まで天日乾燥したが、排泥は
容器内で一つの強固な固まりとなり、堆肥化するために
は破砕処理が必要であった。また、スラリー状の排泥を
少量ずつに分割して天日乾燥することにより堆肥化が可
能であったが、これを工業的に行うためには造粒及び、
造粒可能な水分とするための予備乾燥等の処理後さらに
何らかの乾燥を行う必要があると考えられた。
Comparative Example 1 The sludge used in Example 1 was directly dewatered by a belt press without adding any vegetable fiber. The wastewater after dehydration is slurry-like and has a water content of 89%, and fermentation for producing compost is impossible if it is left as it is, so that another dehydration method has to be studied. Then, the slurry-like waste sludge was put into a plastic container and dried in the sun to about 50% of water, but the waste sludge became one solid mass in the container, and a crushing treatment was required to compost it. . In addition, composting was possible by dividing the slurry-like sludge into small portions and drying in the sun, but in order to perform this industrially, granulation and
It was considered that it was necessary to further dry after treatment such as pre-drying to obtain water that could be granulated.

【0033】[0033]

【発明の効果】以上説明した様に、本発明によれば、排
泥に植物性繊維を添加して脱水することにより、粘土や
シルト画分を含有する脱水困難な排泥でも特殊な脱水装
置を用いることなく容易に脱水することが可能である。
また、脱水後に得られる排泥繊維複合体は何ら前処理を
することなく窒素源を含む各種資材と混合、堆積するこ
とにより発酵し、肥料成分を含む堆肥を製造することが
可能である。さらに、堆肥化された排泥繊維複合体から
形成された土塊は容易に粉砕することが可能で、有害成
分も含まれていないため、特別な粉砕、造粒等の加工を
することなく堆肥として利用することができる。
As described above, according to the present invention, a special dewatering device can be used even for difficult-to-dewater sludge containing clay and silt fractions by adding vegetable fiber to the sludge and dewatering. The dehydration can be easily performed without using any.
Further, the sludge fiber composite obtained after dehydration can be fermented by being mixed and deposited with various materials including a nitrogen source without any pretreatment, thereby producing a compost containing a fertilizer component. Furthermore, since the soil mass formed from the composted sludge fiber composite can be easily crushed and contains no harmful components, it can be used as compost without special grinding, granulation, etc. Can be used.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Fターム(参考) 4D059 AA01 AA03 BA01 BA47 BD12 BE08 BE16 BE31 BF15 BJ00 CC01 DA41 DA54 DB34 DB36 4H061 AA02 BB01 CC41 CC42 CC47 CC51 DD20 EE61 GG19 GG54 LL26  ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4D059 AA01 AA03 BA01 BA47 BD12 BE08 BE16 BE31 BF15 BJ00 CC01 DA41 DA54 DB34 DB36 4H061 AA02 BB01 CC41 CC42 CC47 CC51 DD20 EE61 GG19 GG54 LL26

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 粘土またはシルト画分を20%以上含む
排泥に植物性繊維を添加した後、脱水した排泥繊維複合
体に窒素源となる物質を添加して発酵させた堆肥の製造
方法。
1. A method for producing a compost wherein fermentation is performed by adding a vegetable fiber to a sludge containing 20% or more of a clay or silt fraction, and then adding a substance serving as a nitrogen source to the dewatered sludge fiber composite to ferment. .
【請求項2】 上記植物性繊維が植物性廃棄物である請
求項1に記載の堆肥の製造方法。
2. The method for producing compost according to claim 1, wherein the vegetable fiber is vegetable waste.
【請求項3】 上記植物性繊維がパルプ繊維である請求
項1に記載の堆肥の製造方法。
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the vegetable fiber is pulp fiber.
【請求項4】 上記パルプ繊維が化学パルプ製造法で製
造されたパルプ繊維である請求項1に記載の堆肥の製造
方法。
4. The method for producing compost according to claim 1, wherein the pulp fiber is a pulp fiber produced by a chemical pulp production method.
JP6627099A 1999-03-12 1999-03-12 Production of compost consisting of waste mud Pending JP2000264764A (en)

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Family

ID=13310998

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Cited By (6)

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JP2005246146A (en) * 2004-03-01 2005-09-15 Seihachiro Miura Treatment method for fishery processing wastewater scum
JP5931267B1 (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-06-08 株式会社グロースパートナーズ Fluidity reducing agent for solid-liquid mixtures
JP5959709B1 (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-08-02 株式会社グロースパートナーズ Method for producing a low fluidity mixture
JP2016532553A (en) * 2013-08-19 2016-10-20 ポール コーニグ, Waste treatment system
WO2017094700A1 (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-08 株式会社グロースパートナーズ Agent for decreasing fluidity of solid-liquid mixture, and method for producing low-fluidity mixture
KR102501124B1 (en) * 2022-09-06 2023-02-17 한려이엠에스농업회사법인주식회사 Soil conditioner composition and manufacturing method thereof

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005246146A (en) * 2004-03-01 2005-09-15 Seihachiro Miura Treatment method for fishery processing wastewater scum
JP2016532553A (en) * 2013-08-19 2016-10-20 ポール コーニグ, Waste treatment system
US10195552B2 (en) 2013-08-19 2019-02-05 Paul KOENIG Waste processing system
JP5931267B1 (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-06-08 株式会社グロースパートナーズ Fluidity reducing agent for solid-liquid mixtures
JP5959709B1 (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-08-02 株式会社グロースパートナーズ Method for producing a low fluidity mixture
WO2017094700A1 (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-08 株式会社グロースパートナーズ Agent for decreasing fluidity of solid-liquid mixture, and method for producing low-fluidity mixture
JP2017101133A (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-08 株式会社グロースパートナーズ Fluidity reduction agent of solid-solution mixture
JP2017106177A (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-15 株式会社グロースパートナーズ Manufacturing method of low fluid mixture
KR102501124B1 (en) * 2022-09-06 2023-02-17 한려이엠에스농업회사법인주식회사 Soil conditioner composition and manufacturing method thereof

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