JP2000234326A - Intra-pit fluid permeation test device - Google Patents

Intra-pit fluid permeation test device

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Publication number
JP2000234326A
JP2000234326A JP11037908A JP3790899A JP2000234326A JP 2000234326 A JP2000234326 A JP 2000234326A JP 11037908 A JP11037908 A JP 11037908A JP 3790899 A JP3790899 A JP 3790899A JP 2000234326 A JP2000234326 A JP 2000234326A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
container
liquid
section
gas
supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP11037908A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kameichiro Nakagawa
加明一郎 中川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
Original Assignee
Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry filed Critical Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
Priority to JP11037908A priority Critical patent/JP2000234326A/en
Publication of JP2000234326A publication Critical patent/JP2000234326A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To exclude the effect of a leak at the middle of a pipe and the expansion of the pipe, to measure an injection flow rate at high precision and to conduct an air permeation test in the depth of a small-diameter bored pit. SOLUTION: This fluid permeation test device is provided with a container 5 arranged in the space S of a shutoff zone 3 in a bored pit 2 shut off by at least a pair of packers 4a and 4b, a liquid communicating pipe 15 provided at the bottom section of the container 5 and capable of communicating the shutoff zone 3 with the container 5 as required, a liquid feed/discharge pipe 13 connected to the bottom section of the container 5 and capable of communicating the container 5 with a liquid feed/discharge facility 7 on the outside of the bored pit 2 as required, a liquid quantity measuring means 19 measuring the fluctuation quantity of the liquid in the container 5, an air feed pipe 14 capable of communicating the shutoff zone 3 with an air feed facility 6 on the outside of the bored pit 1, an air feed/discharge pipe 12 connected to the upper section of the container 5 and capable of communicating the container 5 with the air feed/discharge facility 6 on the outside of the bored pit 2, and a gas quantity measuring means measuring the mass reduction of the gas in the shutoff zone 3. Water is injected into or discharged from the shutoff zone 3 by utilizing the container 5 and the gas pressure applied to it, thus a test zone for a permeability test is formed.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、地盤や岩盤など
(以下単に「地盤」という)の有する流体の透過性能を
試験する孔内流体透過試験装置に関する。さらに詳述す
ると、本発明は、ボーリング孔内の締切区間から地盤内
に流入する流体量を精度よく計測する試験装置の改良に
関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an in-hole fluid permeation test apparatus for testing the permeation performance of a fluid possessed by ground, rock, or the like (hereinafter simply referred to as "ground"). More specifically, the present invention relates to an improvement of a test device that accurately measures a fluid amount flowing into a ground from a cutoff section in a borehole.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来から、対象地盤にボーリング孔をあ
けて、その孔内で対象地盤の水の通し易さ(透水特性)
や、気体の通し易さ(透気特性)という性質(これらを
総称して流体の透過性と呼ぶ)を調べる孔内透気透水試
験が行われている。この試験は、例えば図4に示すよう
に、現地地盤101に設けられたボーリング孔102の
一部をパッカー103,104で締め切り、この締切区
間105の空間106に外部から加圧された流体例えば
水あるいは空気を注入し、それらが地盤101に滲み込
んだ量と流体に加えられた圧力との相関関係、例えば図
5に示すような関係を求めることで行われる。即ち、流
体の注入量を計測することにより地盤を透過した量が求
められ、同じ圧力でも注入量が大きいほど地盤により多
くの流体が流れ込んでいることとなる。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a boring hole is made in a target ground, and water is easily passed through the target ground in the hole (permeability).
In addition, an air permeability test in a hole for examining a property of gas permeability (air permeability property) (collectively referred to as fluid permeability) is performed. In this test, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, a part of a boring hole 102 provided in a local ground 101 is closed by packers 103 and 104, and a fluid 106 such as water, Alternatively, this is performed by injecting air and finding the correlation between the amount of the air seeping into the ground 101 and the pressure applied to the fluid, for example, the relationship shown in FIG. That is, by measuring the injection amount of the fluid, the amount that has permeated the ground is obtained. As the injection amount is larger even at the same pressure, more fluid flows into the ground.

【0003】これまでの透水試験では、図4の(A)に
示すように、締切区間105への給水は、試験区間と実
質的に同じとなる締切区間105と地上の給液設備とを
連結するパイプあるいはチューブ等の管路107を介し
て行っている。そして、締切区間105への水の注入量
は地表に設置された図示していない注入液量測定設備に
より計測されている。
In the conventional water permeability test, as shown in FIG. 4A, water is supplied to the cutoff section 105 by connecting the cutoff section 105, which is substantially the same as the test section, to the above-mentioned liquid supply equipment. Through a pipe 107 such as a pipe or tube. Then, the amount of water injected into the deadline section 105 is measured by an injectable liquid amount measuring facility (not shown) installed on the surface of the ground.

【0004】また、透気試験では、ボーリング孔102
の中の水を排水するための通常の方法として水中ポンプ
が使われる。そこで、図4の(B)に示すように、パッ
カー103,104で締め切られた締切区間105に水
のない試験区間107を確保するため、締切区間105
内の水をボーリング孔102の外に汲み出す揚水ポンプ
(図示省略)を締切区間105に設置するようにしてい
る。
In the air permeability test, the drilling hole 102
A submersible pump is used as a usual method for draining the water inside. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4 (B), in order to secure a test section 107 without water in the deadline section 105 closed by the packers 103 and 104, the deadline section 105 is provided.
A pump (not shown) for pumping the water out of the borehole 102 is installed in the cutoff section 105.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、従来の
試験方法では、試験箇所が深くなると、給水のための管
路107の膨張や継ぎ目からの漏水が無視できないほど
に生じる可能性があり、これに気付かずに対象地盤10
1への滲み込み量として計測してしまう虞がある。即
ち、液体の地盤101への滲み込み量の計測精度に誤差
が含まれることがあるという問題がある。
However, in the conventional test method, when the test location becomes deep, there is a possibility that the expansion of the pipeline 107 for supplying water and water leakage from the joint may occur to a considerable extent. Target ground 10 without noticing
There is a possibility that it may be measured as the amount of seepage into 1. That is, there is a problem that the measurement accuracy of the amount of seepage of the liquid into the ground 101 may include an error.

【0006】また、透気試験の場合、試験箇所が深くな
ると、汲み上げ能力の大きなポンプが必要となり、それ
につれてポンプのサイズも大きくなることから、大きな
口径のボーリング孔102をあける必要が生じ、そのた
めのコストが嵩む問題がある。
Further, in the case of the air permeability test, a deeper test location requires a pump having a large pumping capacity, and the size of the pump is accordingly increased. Therefore, it is necessary to open a large bored bore hole 102. There is a problem that the cost increases.

【0007】そこで、本発明は、管路の途中における漏
洩、管路の膨張などの影響を排除して流体の出入り量を
高精度に計測することができる孔内流体透過性試験装置
を提供することを目的とする。また本発明は、小孔径の
ボーリング孔内でも透気試験を行うことができる孔内流
体透過性試験装置を提供することを目的とする。
Accordingly, the present invention provides an in-hole fluid permeability test apparatus capable of measuring the amount of fluid flow in and out with high accuracy by eliminating the effects of leakage, expansion of the pipeline, and the like in the middle of the pipeline. The purpose is to: Another object of the present invention is to provide an in-hole fluid permeability test apparatus capable of performing an air permeability test even in a small-diameter borehole.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】かかる目的を達成するた
め、請求項1記載の発明は、少なくとも1組のパッカー
を備え、該パッカーでボーリング孔内の一部区間を締め
切ると共にこの締切区間の空間へボーリング孔外から任
意の流体を注入してボーリング孔内の流体の透過性を測
定する孔内流体透過試験装置において、締切区間に配置
される容器と、この容器と締切区間とを必要に応じて連
通させて液体を出入り可能とする液体用連通管と、容器
に必要に応じて給液可能な給液設備と、容器内の液体の
変動量を計測する液量計測手段と、容器に必要に応じて
給気可能な給気設備とを備え、容器に液体を一旦貯留し
給気設備から加圧する気体圧で締切区間の空間へ排出す
るようにしている。
In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided at least one set of packers, which partially closes a section in a borehole and a space in the cutoff section. In a borehole fluid permeation test device for injecting any fluid from outside the boring hole and measuring the permeability of the fluid in the boring hole, the container disposed in the deadline section, and the container and the deadline section as necessary A liquid communication pipe that allows liquid to enter and exit by connecting the liquid, a liquid supply facility that can supply liquid to the container as needed, a liquid amount measurement unit that measures the amount of fluctuation of the liquid in the container, and a container And a gas supply device capable of supplying air in accordance with the pressure, and the liquid is temporarily stored in the container, and is discharged from the gas supply device to the space of the cutoff section by the gas pressure pressurized.

【0009】この場合、ボーリング孔外から供給される
液体(通常は水)は、一旦容器に貯留され、それから容
器に加えられる圧力に応じて容器外即ち締切区間の空間
に流出することとなる。そして、このとき計測される液
体排出量は、容器から締切区間の空間に実際に流れ込む
量が測定されることから、締切区間への現実の出入り量
を高精度に計測することができる。したがって、締切区
間を液体で満たし容器内に所定量の液体を貯留した状態
で容器に気体圧を加えると、その加圧力により地盤の滲
み込み量に等しい液量が容器内から締切区間へ排出され
るため、それが容器内の液量変化として現れる。そこ
で、この容器に供給される気体の圧力と容器内液量の変
化から、圧力と地盤に滲み込む液量との関係、即ち地盤
の透水性が正確に測定できる。
In this case, the liquid (usually water) supplied from outside the boring hole is temporarily stored in the container, and then flows out of the container, that is, into the space of the cutoff section according to the pressure applied to the container. Since the amount of liquid discharged measured at this time is the amount actually flowing from the container into the space of the deadline section, the actual amount of liquid entering and leaving the deadline section can be measured with high accuracy. Therefore, when gas pressure is applied to the container while the deadline section is filled with liquid and a predetermined amount of liquid is stored in the container, the amount of liquid equal to the amount of seepage into the ground is discharged from the container to the deadline section by the applied pressure. Therefore, it appears as a change in the amount of liquid in the container. Thus, from the change in the pressure of the gas supplied to the container and the amount of liquid in the container, the relationship between the pressure and the amount of liquid seeping into the ground, that is, the water permeability of the ground can be accurately measured.

【0010】また、請求項2記載の発明は、少なくとも
1組のパッカーを備え、該パッカーでボーリング孔内の
一部区間を締め切ると共にこの締切区間の空間へボーリ
ング孔外から任意の流体を注入してボーリング孔内の流
体の透過性を測定する孔内流体透過試験装置において、
締切区間に配置される容器と、この容器と締切区間とを
必要に応じて連通させて液体を出入り可能とする液体用
連通管と、容器内の液体を締切区間の外へ排出可能とす
る排液管と、容器内に必要に応じて気体を給排可能とす
る給排気設備と、締切区間に必要に応じて気体を供給可
能とする給気設備と、締切区間の空間の気体の質量の減
少分を計測する気体量計測手段とを備え、容器内の気体
圧力を減圧して締切区間の液体を容器内に導入してから
液体用連通管を閉じて給排気設備から加圧した気体圧で
締切区間外へ容器内の液体を排液設備を経由させて排出
することにより締切区間に給気管から気体を導入する試
験区間を形成するようにしている。
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided at least one set of packers, which partially closes a section in the borehole and injects an arbitrary fluid into the space of the cutoff section from outside the borehole. In the borehole fluid permeation test device to measure the permeability of the fluid in the borehole,
A container disposed in the cut-off section, a liquid communication pipe that allows the container and the cut-off section to communicate with each other as necessary, and allows a liquid to enter and exit; and a discharge pipe that allows the liquid in the container to be discharged out of the cut-off section. A liquid pipe, a supply / exhaust system that can supply and discharge gas as needed in the container, an air supply device that can supply gas as needed to the deadline section, and a gas mass of the space in the deadline section. A gas amount measuring means for measuring the decrease, reducing the gas pressure in the container, introducing the liquid in the cutoff section into the container, closing the liquid communication pipe and pressurizing the gas pressure from the supply / exhaust equipment By discharging the liquid in the container to the outside of the cut-off section via the drainage device, a test section for introducing gas from the air supply pipe to the cut-off section is formed.

【0011】この装置によると、液体用連通管と排液設
備を交互に開閉するのにあわせて容器内の気体圧力を加
圧したり減圧したりすることにより、容器にポンプ機能
を与えて締切区間を満たす液体(通常は水)を締切区間
の外例えばボーリング孔の外へ排出して必要とする長さ
の試験区間を形成することができる。そして、その試験
区間に任意の気体、通常空気を導入して透気性試験を実
施することができる。
According to this device, the gas pressure in the container is increased or decreased in accordance with the alternate opening and closing of the liquid communication pipe and the drainage facility, so that the container is provided with a pump function and the cutoff section is provided. The liquid (usually water) satisfying the above conditions can be discharged outside the cut-off section, for example, outside the borehole, to form a test section of a required length. Then, an arbitrary gas, usually air, is introduced into the test section to perform the air permeability test.

【0012】この場合、容器がポンプ機能を有するの
で、ボーリング孔内に揚水用ポンプを設置する必要がな
く、容器を小型化することによって小孔径のボーリング
孔内でも透気性試験を行うことが可能となる。
In this case, since the container has a pump function, there is no need to install a pump for pumping in the borehole, and the air permeability test can be performed even in a small borehole by reducing the size of the container. Becomes

【0013】また、請求項3記載の発明は、少なくとも
1組のパッカーを備え、該パッカーでボーリング孔内の
一部区間を締め切ると共にこの締切区間の空間へボーリ
ング孔外から任意の流体を注入してボーリング孔内の流
体の地盤への透過性を測定する孔内流体透過試験装置に
おいて、締切区間の空間に配置される容器と、この容器
と締切区間とを必要に応じて連通させて液体を出入り可
能とする液体用連通管と、ボーリング孔外から容器内に
必要に応じて給排液可能とする給排液設備と、容器内の
液体の変動量を計測する液量計測手段と、ボーリング孔
外から締切区間に必要に応じて気体を供給可能とする給
気設備と、ボーリング孔外から容器内に必要に応じて給
排液可能な給排気設備と、締切区間の気体の質量の減少
分を計測する気体量計測手段とを備えるようにしてい
る。
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided at least one set of packers, wherein the packer closes a partial section inside the borehole and injects an arbitrary fluid into the space of the cutoff section from outside the borehole. In a borehole fluid permeation test apparatus for measuring the permeability of a fluid in a boring hole to the ground, a container disposed in the space of a cutoff section, and the container and the cutoff section are communicated as necessary to transfer the liquid. A communication pipe for liquid that can be moved in and out, a supply and drainage facility that can supply and discharge liquid as needed from outside the boring hole to the container, a liquid amount measuring unit that measures a fluctuation amount of the liquid in the container, and boring An air supply system that can supply gas as needed from the outside of the borehole to the cutoff section, a supply / exhaust facility that can supply and discharge liquid as needed from the outside of the borehole, and a reduction in the mass of gas in the cutoff section Gas to measure minutes So that and a measuring unit.

【0014】この場合、容器と液体用連通管、給排液設
備、給気設備及び液量計測手段を使うことにより請求項
1の試験装置を構成し、さらに容器と液体用連通管、給
排液設備、給気設備、給排気設備及び気体量計測手段と
を使うことにより請求項2の試験装置を構成でき、同じ
試験装置で透水性試験と透気性試験を実施できる。
In this case, the test apparatus of claim 1 is constituted by using the container and the liquid communication pipe, the supply / drainage equipment, the air supply equipment, and the liquid amount measuring means. By using the liquid equipment, the air supply equipment, the air supply / exhaust equipment, and the gas amount measuring means, the test apparatus according to claim 2 can be configured, and the water permeability test and the air permeability test can be performed by the same test apparatus.

【0015】請求項4記載の発明では、請求項2または
3記載の孔内流体透過試験装置において、締切区間に気
体を導入する給気設備を、容器の上部に設けられて締切
区間の空間と容器内とを必要に応じて連通可能な気体用
連通管と容器に接続された給排気設備とで構成し、給気
設備と給排気設備とを共用するようにしている。この場
合、給気設備と給排気設備とにおいて、配管の一部と給
気設備とを共用することができ、より設備コストを下げ
ることができる。
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the borehole fluid permeation test apparatus according to the second or third aspect, an air supply device for introducing gas into the cutoff section is provided at an upper portion of the container, and a space in the cutoff section is provided. The inside of the container is constituted by a gas communication pipe that can communicate with the container as required, and a supply / exhaust device connected to the container, so that the supply device and the supply / exhaust device are shared. In this case, a part of the piping and the air supply equipment can be shared between the air supply equipment and the air supply / exhaust equipment, and the equipment cost can be further reduced.

【0016】[0016]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の構成を図面に示す
実施の形態の一例に基づいて詳細に説明する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The configuration of the present invention will be described below in detail based on an example of an embodiment shown in the drawings.

【0017】図1に本発明にかかる孔内流体透過試験装
置の一実施形態を示す。この孔内流体透過試験装置1
は、ボーリング孔2の一部を一組のパッカー4a,4b
で締め切ることにより形成される締切区間3へ流体例え
ば気体あるいは液体を注入して対象地盤8に対する流体
の透過性即ち透気性あるいは透水性の試験を行うもの
で、一組のパッカー4a,4bの他、締切区間3の空間
Sに配置され同区間3と必要に応じて連通可能な容器5
と、この容器5にボーリング孔2の外から任意の流体例
えば水や空気を出入りさせる給排液設備7及び給排気設
備6と、容器5内の液体の変動量を計測する液量計測手
段19並びに締切区間3での気体の質量の減少分を計測
する気体量計測手段とを備えている。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a fluid permeation test apparatus in a hole according to the present invention. This bore fluid permeation test device 1
Means that a part of the boring hole 2 is part of a pair of packers 4a, 4b.
A fluid, for example, a gas or a liquid, is injected into the cut-off section 3 formed by shutting off the fluid, and a test of the fluid permeability, that is, air permeability or water permeability, of the target ground 8 is performed. , A container 5 disposed in the space S of the deadline section 3 and capable of communicating with the section 3 as necessary.
A supply / drainage facility 7 and a supply / exhaust facility 6 for allowing an arbitrary fluid, for example, water or air, to enter or leave the container 5 from outside the boring hole 2, and a liquid amount measuring means 19 for measuring a fluctuation amount of the liquid in the container 5. And a gas amount measuring means for measuring a decrease in the mass of the gas in the deadline section 3.

【0018】前記パッカーは、少なくとも上部パッカー
4aと下部パッカー4bとの組み合わせから成り、それ
ぞれがボーリング孔2の対象地盤位置で膨らまされて孔
壁2aに密着されることにより、ボーリング孔2の一部
を締め切って締切区間3を形成する。本実施形態におけ
る各パッカー4a,4bは、例えば水や空気が注入され
て膨らむゴム製、あるいは上下から圧縮されて径方向に
拡がるアルミニウムやPTFE(ポリテトラフルオロエ
チレン)などの金属製とされるが、少なくとも孔壁2a
と密着し締切区間3を密閉しさえすれば他の材質とする
ことも可能である。また、両パッカー4a,4bは、必
要な長さ・容積の締切区間3を形成し得るように、一定
の間隔を開けて支持軸24に取り付けられている。そし
て、支持軸24は地表に設置される図示していない櫓な
どを利用してボーリング孔2内に吊り下げられ、ボーリ
ング孔2の所望深さまで送り込まれてその位置で保持さ
れるように設けられている。さらに、各パッカー4a,
4bはそれぞれが地表に設けられたパッカー制御手段2
5、26例えばポンプなどに連結管25a,26aを介
して接続され、必要に応じて加圧流体例えば水などを供
給して膨張させるといった地表からの操作が可能とされ
ている。尚、上部パッカー4aは、給排気設備6の給排
気管12、給排液設備7の給排液管13および下部パッ
カー制御手段26の連結管26aが気密・液密状態を維
持したまま通過し得るように設けられている。ここで、
両パッカー4a,4bの間の締切区間3の長さ・容積
は、一定としても良いが、場合によっては支持軸24に
対する固定位置を可変としたりあるいは支持軸24その
ものを部分的に伸縮可能にして、上下パッカー4a,4
bの間の間隔を可変にすることも可能である。このよう
に間隔を変えることにより、締切区間3の大きさを変化
させ、現地における地盤の層の厚さに適宜対応すること
も可能となる。
The packer comprises at least a combination of an upper packer 4a and a lower packer 4b. Each of the packers is expanded at the target ground position of the boring hole 2 and is brought into close contact with the hole wall 2a, so that a part of the boring hole 2 is formed. Is closed to form a deadline section 3. Each of the packers 4a and 4b in the present embodiment is made of, for example, rubber which expands when water or air is injected, or metal such as aluminum or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) which is compressed from above and below and expands in the radial direction. , At least the hole wall 2a
Other materials can also be used as long as the cut-off section 3 is tightly closed. The two packers 4a and 4b are attached to the support shaft 24 at regular intervals so that a cut-off section 3 having a required length and volume can be formed. The support shaft 24 is suspended in the boring hole 2 by using a not-shown turret or the like installed on the ground surface, provided to a desired depth of the boring hole 2, and held at that position. ing. Furthermore, each packer 4a,
4b is a packer control means 2 provided on the ground surface
5, 26, for example, connected to a pump or the like via connecting pipes 25a, 26a, and can be operated from the ground surface, such as supplying a pressurized fluid, for example, water, and expanding it as necessary. The upper packer 4a passes through the supply / exhaust pipe 12 of the supply / exhaust facility 6, the supply / drain pipe 13 of the supply / drainage facility 7, and the connecting pipe 26a of the lower packer control means 26 while maintaining the airtight / liquid tight state. It is provided to obtain. here,
The length and volume of the cut-off section 3 between the two packers 4a and 4b may be constant, but depending on the case, the fixing position with respect to the support shaft 24 may be changed or the support shaft 24 itself may be partially expanded and contracted. , Upper and lower packers 4a, 4
It is also possible to make the interval between b variable. By changing the interval in this way, it is possible to change the size of the cut-off section 3 and appropriately respond to the thickness of the ground layer at the site.

【0019】上下パッカー4a,4bの間で形成される
締切区間3には容器5が配置されている。この容器5
は、締切区間3の空間Sから独立した密閉部材であり、
締切区間3の空間Sのさらに内側に密閉空間(インナー
チャンバー)を形成する。この容器5は、支持軸24に
取り付けられあるいは支持軸24に組み込まれてその一
部を成し、締切区間3のほぼ中央に配置される。
A container 5 is disposed in a cutoff section 3 formed between the upper and lower packers 4a and 4b. This container 5
Is a sealing member independent of the space S of the deadline section 3,
A closed space (inner chamber) is formed further inside the space S of the cutoff section 3. The container 5 is attached to the support shaft 24 or is incorporated in the support shaft 24 to form a part thereof, and is disposed substantially at the center of the cutoff section 3.

【0020】容器5には、当該容器5の内側と締切区間
3の空間Sとを必要に応じて連通させる液体用連通管1
5と、容器5内とボーリング孔2の外の給排液設備7と
を必要に応じて連通させる給排液管13と、容器5内の
液体の変動量を計測する液量計測手段19と、容器5内
とボーリング孔2の外の給排気設備6とを必要に応じて
連通させる給排気管12と、締切区間3と容器5内を必
要に応じて連通させる気体用連通管14とを備えてい
る。本実施形態では、気体用連通管14は、締切区間3
とボーリング孔外の給気設備(本実施形態では給排気設
備6が兼ねる)とを必要に応じて連通可能な給気管の一
部を構成するもので、容器5及び給排気管13を含めて
前述の給気設備を構成し、給気設備と給排気設備6とを
共用するようにしている。この場合、給気設備と給排気
設備6とで、配管の一部とポンプ等とを共用することが
でき、より設備コストを下げることができる。
The container 5 has a liquid communication pipe 1 for communicating the inside of the container 5 and the space S of the cutoff section 3 as necessary.
5, a supply / drainage pipe 13 for communicating the inside of the container 5 with the supply / drainage equipment 7 outside the boring hole 2 as necessary, and a liquid amount measuring means 19 for measuring a fluctuation amount of the liquid in the container 5; A supply / exhaust pipe 12 for communicating the inside of the container 5 with the supply / exhaust equipment 6 outside the boring hole 2 as necessary, and a gas communication pipe 14 for communicating the cutoff section 3 and the inside of the container 5 as necessary. Have. In the present embodiment, the gas communication pipe 14 is connected to the cutoff section 3.
And a part of an air supply pipe that can communicate with the air supply equipment outside the borehole (in this embodiment, the air supply and exhaust equipment 6 also serves), including the container 5 and the air supply and exhaust pipe 13. The above-described air supply equipment is configured, and the air supply equipment and the air supply / exhaust equipment 6 are shared. In this case, a part of the piping and a pump or the like can be shared between the air supply equipment and the air supply / exhaust equipment 6, and the equipment cost can be further reduced.

【0021】給排気設備6は、地表に設置される給排気
ポンプ10と、この給排気ポンプ10の作動を制御する
制御手段22及び給排気管12とから成り、給排気管1
2を介して容器5と連結されている。給排気ポンプ10
は、制御手段22の制御により給気ポンプ(押し込みフ
ァン)としてあるいは排気ポンプ(誘引ファン)として
機能する。したがって、気体は、注入されるときと排出
されるときとで同一の管路を通過する。また、給排液設
備7は、地表に設置される給排液ポンプ11と、この給
排液ポンプ11を制御する制御手段23及び給排液管1
3とから成り、給排液管13を介して容器5と連結され
ている。給排液ポンプ11は、制御手段23の制御によ
り給液ポンプとしてあるいは排液ポンプとして機能す
る。したがって、液体は、注入されるときと排出される
ときとで同一の管路を通過する。また、給排気管12及
び給排液管13は、それぞれバルブ21a,21bを有
し、管路を必要に応じて自在に開閉させ得るように構成
されている。各バルブ21a,21bは、パッカー4a
付近に設置される関係上、ボーリング孔2内に挿入され
た状態での遠隔操作を可能とすることが好ましく、例え
ば電磁バルブなどの採用が好ましい。
The air supply / exhaust system 6 comprises an air supply / exhaust pump 10 installed on the ground, control means 22 for controlling the operation of the air supply / exhaust pump 10, and the air supply / exhaust tube 12.
It is connected to the container 5 through 2. Supply / exhaust pump 10
Functions as an air supply pump (push-in fan) or an exhaust pump (attraction fan) under the control of the control means 22. Thus, gas passes through the same conduit when injected and when exhausted. The supply / drainage equipment 7 includes a supply / drainage pump 11 installed on the ground, a control unit 23 for controlling the supply / drainage pump 11, and a supply / drainage pipe 1.
3 and is connected to the container 5 via a supply / drainage pipe 13. The supply / drainage pump 11 functions as a liquid supply pump or a drainage pump under the control of the control unit 23. Therefore, the liquid passes through the same conduit when it is injected and when it is discharged. The supply / exhaust pipe 12 and the supply / drain pipe 13 have valves 21a and 21b, respectively, and are configured to be able to freely open and close the pipes as needed. Each valve 21a, 21b is provided with a packer 4a.
Because of being installed in the vicinity, it is preferable to enable remote operation while being inserted into the borehole 2, and for example, it is preferable to use an electromagnetic valve or the like.

【0022】なお、本実施例では、1つのポンプで給気
と排気または給液と排液を切り換え得るポンプで各ポン
プ10,11を構成しているが、場合によっては給気・
給液ポンプと排気・排液ポンプとが流路切替弁などの流
路切替手段を介して給排気管12あるいは給排液管13
に接続されて選択的に切り替えられるように構成されて
も良い。また、場合によっては、給排気設備6と給排液
設備7とを、給気設備と排気設備並びに給液設備と排液
設備のそれぞれ独立した設備に分けて設置するようにし
ても良い。また、バルブ21a,21bには遠隔操作可
能な電磁バルブを採用しているがこれは一例であり、こ
れ以外の流路開閉手段を採用することも可能である。
In this embodiment, each of the pumps 10 and 11 is constituted by a pump capable of switching between air supply and exhaust or between liquid supply and drainage by one pump.
The supply pump and the exhaust / drain pump are connected to each other through a flow path switching means such as a flow path switching valve.
To be selectively switched. Further, depending on the case, the supply / exhaust facility 6 and the supply / drainage facility 7 may be separately installed in the supply facility and the exhaust facility, and the supply facility and the drainage facility. In addition, although electromagnetic valves that can be remotely operated are employed as the valves 21a and 21b, this is merely an example, and other flow path opening / closing means may be employed.

【0023】また、気体用連通管14は、締切区間3に
必要に応じて気体を供給可能とする給気設備の一部を構
成するもので、締切区間3と容器5の間で気体を出入り
させるためにこれらの間を必要に応じて連通させるよう
にしている。この気体用連通管14は、その途中に地表
から遠隔操作可能な流路開閉手段例えば電磁バルブ21
cが備えられている。この気体用連通管14は、容器5
あるいは締切区間3に液体が貯留されている場合にも排
気可能となるように、容器5の上部と上部パッカー4a
付近の締切区間3の上部で開口するように設けられてい
る。また、液体用連通管15は、締切区間3と容器5の
間で液体を出入りさせるためにこれらの間を必要に応じ
て連通させるもので、その途中に地表から遠隔操作可能
な管路開閉手段例えば電磁バルブ21dが備えられてい
る。この液体用連通管15は、容器5あるいは締切区間
3に貯留される液体の量が少なくなっても排出可能とす
るため、容器5の底部と下部パッカー4b付近の締切区
間3の底部で開口するように設けられている。液体用連
通管15は、締切区間3と容器5の底部あるいはその付
近で開口することが好ましいが、管そのものが底部に連
結される必要はない。容器5の上部あるいは側方から容
器5内へ挿入され、その開口端が底部付近に設置される
ようにしても良い。気体用連通管14についても同様
で、容器5の空間上部及び締切区間3の空間上部にそれ
ぞれ両端開口が設置されるのであればその途中の配管ど
のような形態をとっても構わない。
The gas communication pipe 14 constitutes a part of an air supply system capable of supplying gas to the cut-off section 3 as necessary. Gas flows in and out between the cut-off section 3 and the container 5. In order to make them communicate with each other as necessary. The gas communication pipe 14 is provided with a flow path opening / closing means, such as an electromagnetic valve 21, which can be remotely operated from the surface of the ground.
c is provided. This gas communication pipe 14 is
Alternatively, the upper part of the container 5 and the upper packer 4a can be evacuated even when liquid is stored in the cutoff section 3.
It is provided so as to open at the upper part of the nearby cutoff section 3. In addition, the liquid communication pipe 15 communicates the liquid between the cut-off section 3 and the container 5 as necessary to allow the liquid to flow in and out, and in the middle thereof, a pipe opening / closing means that can be remotely operated from the ground surface. For example, an electromagnetic valve 21d is provided. The liquid communication pipe 15 is opened at the bottom of the container 5 and at the bottom of the cutoff section 3 near the lower packer 4b so that the liquid can be discharged even when the amount of liquid stored in the container 5 or the cutoff section 3 becomes small. It is provided as follows. The liquid communication pipe 15 is preferably opened at or near the cutoff section 3 and the bottom of the container 5, but the pipe itself need not be connected to the bottom. The container 5 may be inserted into the container 5 from above or from the side, and the open end thereof may be installed near the bottom. The same applies to the gas communication pipe 14, and if the openings at both ends are respectively installed in the upper space of the container 5 and the upper space of the cutoff section 3, any form of piping in the middle may be used.

【0024】また、液量計測手段19としては、本実施
形態の場合、液位計が使用されている。また、気体量計
測手段としては、本実施形態の場合、締切区間3の内圧
を測定する圧力計16と、温度を測定する温度計20
と、容器5の内圧を計測する圧力計17および締切区間
3に貯まる水位を計測する水位計18から構成されてい
る。液量計測手段19は、容器5の中の水位の低下量を
測定して、既知である容器5の内容積からあらかじめ求
められた「水位・水量関係」によって排出された水量を
求めることができる。また、気体量計測手段は、水位計
18で計測された試験区間での水位の変化量に基づいて
あらかじめ用意しておいた試験区間の「水位・容積関
係」から換算した容積変化量の変化に加え、気体圧力変
化、温度変化から、試験区間9の気体質量の減少分が計
算される。本実施形態ではこれら各計測装置16〜20
を図1に示すように支持軸24上に固定するようにして
いるが、配置はこれに限られることはなく、例えば必ず
しもこの支持軸24上に位置していなくてもよいし、容
器5と一体的に固定するようにしてもよい。
As the liquid amount measuring means 19, a liquid level meter is used in the present embodiment. Further, in the case of the present embodiment, as the gas amount measuring means, a pressure gauge 16 for measuring the internal pressure of the cutoff section 3 and a thermometer 20 for measuring the temperature are provided.
And a pressure gauge 17 for measuring the internal pressure of the container 5 and a water level gauge 18 for measuring the water level stored in the deadline section 3. The liquid amount measuring means 19 can measure the amount of decrease in the water level in the container 5 and determine the amount of water discharged by the “water level / water amount relationship” previously obtained from the known internal volume of the container 5. . In addition, the gas amount measuring means converts the change in volume change calculated from the “water level / volume relationship” of the test section prepared in advance based on the change in water level in the test section measured by the water level gauge 18. In addition, the decrease in gas mass in the test section 9 is calculated from the gas pressure change and the temperature change. In the present embodiment, each of these measuring devices 16 to 20
1 is fixed on the support shaft 24 as shown in FIG. 1, but the arrangement is not limited to this, for example, it is not necessarily required to be located on the support shaft 24, and the container 5 and You may make it fix integrally.

【0025】以上のように構成された孔内流体透過試験
装置1によると、次のように動作する。
According to the in-hole fluid permeation test apparatus 1 configured as described above, the operation is as follows.

【0026】本実施形態の実験装置1においては、上述
した各ポンプ10,11の給排動作の制御装置22,2
3と各電磁バルブ21a〜21dとは図示しない制御装
置によってその切り換えが制御され、各電磁バルブ21
a〜21dの開閉および容器5内の気圧が調整される。
そして、容器5と締切区間3との間の液体の出入り並び
に気体圧の付加が制御されて、透水性試験並びに透気性
試験が実施される。
In the experimental apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the control devices 22 and 2 for the supply and discharge operations of the pumps 10 and 11 described above.
3 and each of the electromagnetic valves 21a to 21d are controlled by a control device (not shown) to switch the electromagnetic valves 21a to 21d.
The opening and closing of a to 21d and the air pressure in the container 5 are adjusted.
Then, the flow of the liquid between the container 5 and the cutoff section 3 and the addition of the gas pressure are controlled, and the water permeability test and the gas permeability test are performed.

【0027】即ち、試験に供される気体や液体は地上に
設置された各ポンプ10,11により給排気管12、給
排水管13を通じて一旦容器5に送り込まれ、この容器
5を経て締切区間3へと給気・給水される。
That is, the gas or liquid to be subjected to the test is once sent into the vessel 5 through the supply / exhaust pipe 12 and the supply / drain pipe 13 by the pumps 10 and 11 installed on the ground, and then to the deadline section 3 via the vessel 5. And water supply.

【0028】例えば、給排気設備6の電磁バルブ21a
を開ければ、容器5に対して気体を出入りさせることが
可能となり、さらに気体用連通管14の電磁バルブ21
cを開けることにより容器5を通じて締切区間3への給
排気が可能となる。また給排水については、給排水設備
7の給排液管13の電磁バルブ21bを開くことによ
り、容器5内に液体例えば水を供給することができる。
このとき、給排気管12のバルブ21aを開いて容器5
内を大気と連通させることにより、容器5内の圧力変化
を招かずに容易に給排水することもできる。さらに、電
磁バルブ21aのみを開いた状態で給排気設備6から気
体・空気を出入りさせて容器5の内圧を調整し、それか
ら電磁バルブ21aを閉じた後に電磁バルブ21dのみ
を開ければ締切区間3に給排水することができる。この
ように、液体を容器5内に一旦貯留してから締切区間3
に送り、あるいは締切区間3から吸い上げるようにして
いるので、締切区間3に注入した量と締切区間3から吸
い上げた量の差を計測することにより液体の出入り量を
求め、試験前と試験後におけるこの液体流通量の差から
地盤に滲み出した水量を求めることができる。
For example, the electromagnetic valve 21a of the supply / exhaust facility 6
Is opened, it is possible to let gas in and out of the container 5, and furthermore, the electromagnetic valve 21 of the gas communication pipe 14
By opening c, it becomes possible to supply and exhaust air to and from the cutoff section 3 through the container 5. As for water supply and drainage, a liquid such as water can be supplied into the container 5 by opening the electromagnetic valve 21b of the liquid supply / drainage pipe 13 of the water supply / drainage facility 7.
At this time, the valve 21a of the supply / exhaust pipe 12 is opened to open the container 5
By communicating the inside with the atmosphere, it is also possible to easily supply and drain water without causing a pressure change in the container 5. Further, gas and air are allowed to flow in and out of the air supply / exhaust equipment 6 with only the electromagnetic valve 21a opened to adjust the internal pressure of the container 5. Then, after closing the electromagnetic valve 21a and opening only the electromagnetic valve 21d, the deadline section 3 is reached. Water can be supplied and drained. As described above, once the liquid is stored in the container 5,
Or sucking up from the deadline section 3, so that the difference between the amount injected into the deadline section 3 and the amount sucked up from the deadline section 3 is determined to determine the liquid inflow / outflow amount. The amount of water seeping into the ground can be obtained from the difference in the amount of liquid flow.

【0029】そして、これら各電磁バルブ21a〜21
dの開閉と給排気・給排水両ポンプ10,11の動作を
組み合わせることにより、容器5の内圧および外圧、さ
らに容器5と締切区間3における液位を調整することが
可能である。加えて、締切区間3における所定時間後の
圧力変化などを計測することによって対象地盤8の透気
性あるいは透水性を調査することができる。このよう
に、本実施形態の孔内流体透過試験装置1を用いた透気
透水試験では、締切区間3と容器5との間での流体の出
入りを制御しかつその量を各計測装置16〜20によっ
て計測するようにしているので、仮に給排気管12や給
排水管13の途中で管が膨張したり流体の漏洩が発生し
たりしても、これらの影響を受けずに流体の実際の注入
量を正確に計測することができる。
The electromagnetic valves 21a to 21a
By combining the opening and closing of d with the operations of the supply / exhaust / supply / drain pumps 10 and 11, it is possible to adjust the internal pressure and the external pressure of the container 5, and the liquid level in the container 5 and the cutoff section 3. In addition, the air permeability or water permeability of the target ground 8 can be investigated by measuring a pressure change or the like after a predetermined time in the deadline section 3. As described above, in the air permeability test using the fluid permeation test device 1 of the present embodiment, the flow of the fluid between the cutoff section 3 and the container 5 is controlled and the amount is measured by each of the measuring devices 16 to 20 so that even if the pipe expands or leaks in the middle of the supply / exhaust pipe 12 or the supply / drain pipe 13, the actual injection of the fluid is not affected by these. The amount can be measured accurately.

【0030】また、この装置1によれば、給排気と給排
液とを切り替えることにより、容器5を透水試験におけ
る試験区間から対象地盤に滲み込む水の量を正確に測定
する測定手段の一部として利用し、かつ透気試験におい
ては試験区間から水を汲み出すポンプとして利用できる
ので、透水性試験と透気性試験の双方が実施できる。し
かも、地表の給排水ポンプ11で負圧をかけることによ
って締切区間3あるいは容器5の内部の水を地表に排水
することができるため、揚水用ポンプを孔内に設置して
おく必要がない。このため、装置全体の径を不必要に大
きくしなくてよく、深度が大きくかつ孔径の小さなボー
リング孔2においても注水することができ、上述の透気
透水試験を実施することができる。
Further, according to the apparatus 1, by switching between supply / exhaust and supply / drainage, one of the measuring means for accurately measuring the amount of water that permeates the target ground from the test section of the container 5 in the water permeability test. Since it can be used as a part and can be used as a pump for pumping water from the test section in the air permeability test, both the water permeability test and the air permeability test can be performed. In addition, since the water in the cutoff section 3 or the container 5 can be drained to the ground surface by applying a negative pressure by the ground surface water supply / drain pump 11, there is no need to install a pump for pumping in the hole. For this reason, the diameter of the entire apparatus does not need to be increased unnecessarily, water can be injected into the boring hole 2 having a large depth and a small hole diameter, and the above-described air-permeable test can be performed.

【0031】本発明の孔内流体透過試験装置1を用いた
透気透水試験の具体的一例を示すと、例えば10−8
m/s以下の透水性の地盤においても信頼できる透水試
験が可能となり、また水中ポンプがないため、深度の大
きいボーリング孔2でも、孔径76mmで透気試験が可
能となる。これらにより、試験費用、日数の短縮を図る
ことができた。
A specific example of an air permeability test using the in-hole fluid permeability test apparatus 1 of the present invention is, for example, 10 −8 c.
A reliable water permeability test is possible even on a water-permeability ground of m / s or less, and since there is no submersible pump, an air permeability test is possible even with a deep boring hole 2 with a hole diameter of 76 mm. As a result, the test cost and the number of days could be reduced.

【0032】以上のように構成された孔内流体透過試験
装置1によると、例えば次のようにして対象地盤8の透
水性試験あるいは透気性試験が実施できる。
According to the in-hole fluid permeation test apparatus 1 configured as described above, for example, a water permeability test or a gas permeability test of the target ground 8 can be performed as follows.

【0033】まず、現地地盤8に設けられたボーリング
孔2に試験装置1を挿入する。試験装置1は、下部パッ
カー4b側からボーリング孔2へ挿入され、上部パッカ
ー4aと下部パッカー4bとの間で締め切られる区間3
に対象地盤層が達するように送り込まれる。そして所望
の深さまで達したときに送り込みを止め、当該位置で保
持する。
First, the test apparatus 1 is inserted into the boring hole 2 provided in the local ground 8. The test device 1 is inserted into the boring hole 2 from the lower packer 4b side, and is closed in a section 3 between the upper packer 4a and the lower packer 4b.
To reach the target ground layer. Then, when the sheet reaches a desired depth, the feeding is stopped, and the sheet is held at the position.

【0034】次に各パッカー制御手段25,26を作動
させ、上下のパッカー4a,4bを膨張させて孔壁2a
に密着させる。これにより、ボーリング孔2の対象地盤
層を上部パッカー4a及び下部パッカー4bの間で締め
切って締切区間3を形成し、対象地盤8への流体の透過
性例えば透気性や透水性の試験を開始可能な状態とす
る。
Next, the respective packer control means 25, 26 are operated to expand the upper and lower packers 4a, 4b to thereby remove the hole wall 2a.
In close contact. Thereby, the target ground layer of the boring hole 2 is closed between the upper packer 4a and the lower packer 4b to form the cutoff section 3, and the test of the permeability of the fluid to the target ground 8, such as the air permeability and the water permeability, can be started. State.

【0035】透水試験の場合、まず、図2の(A)に示
すように締切区間3の空間Sと容器5の内部とを水で満
たす。ここで、容器5では、液量計測手段たる液位計1
9で液体即ち水の変動量を計測するようにしているの
で、水は液位計で水位を測定できる上限を越えることが
ないように、上限近くまで水を満たすことが好ましい。
水を満たす方法は特に限定されるものではないが、本実
施形態の試験装置の場合、例えば給排液管13のバルブ
21bを開けて地表のポンプ11から水を供給し、まず
容器5を経由させて締切区間3の空間Sを満たしてか
ら、次いで容器5内を所定深さまで満たす。このとき、
締切区間3への給水を容易にするため、気体用連通管1
4のバルブ21cと給排気管12のバルブ21aを開け
て締切区間3に残留している空気を給排気設備6により
容器5経由で排気することが好ましい。また、締切区間
3が地下水や湧水などで既に満たされている場合には、
容器5内にのみボーリング孔2の外の給排液設備11か
ら水を供給して所定量だけ満たせば良い。
In the case of the water permeability test, first, as shown in FIG. 2A, the space S in the cutoff section 3 and the inside of the container 5 are filled with water. Here, in the container 5, a liquid level meter 1 as a liquid amount measuring means is used.
Since the amount of fluctuation of the liquid, that is, water, is measured in step 9, it is preferable that the water is filled up to near the upper limit so that the water does not exceed the upper limit at which the liquid level can be measured.
The method for filling the water is not particularly limited, but in the case of the test apparatus of the present embodiment, for example, the valve 21b of the supply / drainage pipe 13 is opened to supply water from the pump 11 on the ground, and After the space S of the cutoff section 3 is filled, the inside of the container 5 is filled to a predetermined depth. At this time,
To facilitate water supply to the deadline section 3, the gas communication pipe 1
It is preferable to open the valve 21c of the valve 4 and the valve 21a of the supply / exhaust pipe 12 and exhaust the air remaining in the cutoff section 3 via the container 5 by the supply / exhaust equipment 6. If the deadline section 3 is already filled with groundwater or spring water,
It suffices that water is supplied only from the supply / drainage facility 11 outside the boring hole 2 into the container 5 and is filled with a predetermined amount.

【0036】締切区間3の空間Sと容器5内とが水で満
たされてから、図2の(B)に示すように容器5内を加
圧して容器5内の水を締切区間3へ押し出す。例えば、
図1の装置のバルブ21c,21bを閉じると共にバル
ブ21a,21dを開いて容器5内へ加圧された気体例
えば空気をボーリング孔2外のポンプ10から供給する
と、その加圧力に応じて容器5内の水が締切区間3の空
間Sへ排出される。このとき、対象地盤8へ滲み込んだ
量に等しい水の量が容器5から締切区間3へ排出され、
容器5内の水位が低下する。そこで、この水位の低下量
を液位計19で測定すれば、既知である容器5の内容積
からあらかじめ求められた「水位・水量関係」から排出
された水量を求めることができる。次いで、容器5に付
加する圧力を順次変化させて、対象地盤にかかる水圧と
滲み込む水量との相関関係を求める。これにより、水圧
と透水量との関係即ち対象地盤8の透水性を求めること
ができる。
After the space S in the cutoff section 3 and the inside of the container 5 are filled with water, the inside of the container 5 is pressurized and the water in the container 5 is pushed out to the cutoff section 3 as shown in FIG. . For example,
When the pressurized gas, for example, air, is supplied into the container 5 from the pump 10 outside the boring hole 2 by closing the valves 21c and 21b and opening the valves 21a and 21d of the apparatus shown in FIG. The water inside is discharged to the space S of the cutoff section 3. At this time, an amount of water equal to the amount that has permeated into the target ground 8 is discharged from the container 5 to the deadline section 3,
The water level in the container 5 drops. Therefore, if the amount of decrease in the water level is measured by the liquid level meter 19, the amount of water discharged can be obtained from the "relationship between water level and water amount" previously obtained from the known inner volume of the container 5. Next, the pressure applied to the container 5 is sequentially changed, and the correlation between the water pressure applied to the target ground and the amount of water seeping is determined. Thereby, the relationship between the water pressure and the water permeability, that is, the water permeability of the target ground 8 can be obtained.

【0037】また、透気試験の場合、液体用連通管15
のバルブ21dと給排液管12のバルブ21aとを開け
る一方、給排液管13のバルブ21bと気体用連通管1
4のバルブ21cを閉じ、地表の給排気設備6のポンプ
10を排気作動させて容器5内を減圧させる。これによ
って、図3の(B)に示すように締切区間3の液体即ち
水を液体用連通管15を介して容器5内に導入する。容
器5内が水で満たされると、例えば液位計19でそれを
検出すると、液体用連通管15のバルブ21dを閉じる
と共に給排液管13のバルブ21bを開けてから、給排
気管12から加圧した気体を地表の給排気設備6から供
給してその圧力で容器5内の水を締切区間3の外即ち地
表に給排液管13を経て排出する(図3の(A)参
照)。このとき、容器5内の水の排出を容易にするた
め、地表の給排液設備7のポンプ11を排水動作させて
排水を助けることが好ましい。これを繰り返して締切区
間3の水を所定量排水し、透気試験に必要な長さの試験
区間9を確保する(図3の(C)参照)。
In the case of the air permeability test, the liquid communication pipe 15
The valve 21d of the supply / drainage pipe 12 is opened while the valve 21b of the supply / drainage pipe 12 is opened.
4, the valve 21c is closed, and the pump 10 of the air supply / exhaust facility 6 on the surface is evacuated to reduce the pressure in the container 5. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 3B, the liquid, that is, water in the cutoff section 3 is introduced into the container 5 through the liquid communication pipe 15. When the inside of the container 5 is filled with water, for example, when the level is detected by the liquid level gauge 19, the valve 21 d of the liquid communication pipe 15 is closed and the valve 21 b of the supply / drain pipe 13 is opened. The pressurized gas is supplied from the surface air supply / exhaust system 6 and the water in the container 5 is discharged under the pressure through the supply / drain pipe 13 to the outside of the cutoff section 3, that is, to the surface (see FIG. 3A). . At this time, in order to facilitate drainage of the water in the container 5, it is preferable that the pump 11 of the ground surface supply / drainage facility 7 be drained to assist drainage. By repeating this, a predetermined amount of water in the cutoff section 3 is drained to secure a test section 9 having a length necessary for the air permeability test (see FIG. 3C).

【0038】次いで、試験区間9と連通する給排気用の
チューブ(本実施形態では気体用連通管14と給排気管
12)を通して、地上より気体圧を加圧する。即ち、液
体用連通管15のバルブ21dと給排液管13のバルブ
21bとを閉じる一方、気体用連通管14のバルブ21
cを開けてから(給排気管12のバルブ21aも開けた
状態)、給排気設備6から加圧された気体例えば空気を
容器5を経由して試験区間9に導入する。そして、試験
区間9の気体圧力が所定圧力に到達したら、給排気用の
チューブのバルブ即ちバルブ21cあるいは21aの少
なくとも一方を閉じ、このときの試験区間9の圧力、温
度及び試験区間の水位(容器の外側の水位)の変動を計
測する。
Next, the gas pressure is increased from the ground through a supply / exhaust tube (in this embodiment, a gas communication tube 14 and a supply / exhaust tube 12) communicating with the test section 9. That is, while closing the valve 21d of the liquid communication pipe 15 and the valve 21b of the supply / drainage pipe 13, the valve 21d of the gas communication pipe 14 is closed.
After opening c (in a state where the valve 21a of the supply / exhaust pipe 12 is also opened), a gas, for example, air pressurized from the supply / exhaust equipment 6 is introduced into the test section 9 via the container 5. When the gas pressure in the test section 9 reaches a predetermined pressure, at least one of the valves of the supply / exhaust tube, that is, the valve 21c or 21a, is closed, and the pressure, temperature, and water level (container) in the test section 9 at this time. (The water level outside).

【0039】そして、あらかじめ用意しておいた試験区
間の「水位・容積関係」から換算して容積変化量の変化
に加え、気体圧力変化、温度変化から、試験区間9の気
体質量の減少分を計算することにより、対象地盤8に滲
み込んだ気体量を求める。ついで、試験区間9の気体圧
力を順次変えて対象地盤8にかかる気体圧と滲み込んだ
気体量との相関関係を求める。これにより、気体圧と透
気量との関係即ち地盤の透気性を求めることができる。
Then, the amount of decrease in the gas mass in the test section 9 is calculated from the "water level / volume relationship" of the test section prepared in advance and the change in the gas pressure and the temperature in addition to the change in the volume change. By calculation, the amount of gas seeping into the target ground 8 is obtained. Next, the correlation between the gas pressure applied to the target ground 8 and the amount of gas permeated is determined by sequentially changing the gas pressure in the test section 9. Thereby, the relationship between the gas pressure and the air permeability, that is, the air permeability of the ground can be obtained.

【0040】なお、上述の実施形態は本発明の好適な実
施の一例ではあるがこれに限定されるものではなく本発
明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々変形実施可能で
ある。例えば、本実施形態では透水試験と透気試験との
双方を実施できる装置として構成した場合を例に挙げた
がこれに特に限定されず、透水試験専用装置あるいは透
気試験専用装置として構成することも可能である。この
場合には、例えば図1において、気体量計測手段を構成
する圧力計16、温度計20、気体用連通管14、締切
区間3の液位計18を除けば、透水試験専用装置とな
り、給排液設備7及び給排液管13を排液専用設備とし
ても透気試験専用装置となる。更には、場合によっては
気体用連通管14を省き、締切区間3に直接気体を供給
する給気設備と給気管を設けることも可能である。この
場合には、締切区間3の水を容器に汲み上げる際に締切
区間3の空間Sを大気と連通させるか、あるいは加圧す
ることにより、締切区間3の水を押して容器内への流入
を助けることができ、ボーリング孔のより深い箇所の地
盤を試験できる。また、締切区間3から排出される水は
ボーリング孔2の外の地表に排水される必要はなく、例
えばパッカー4a,4bの外、即ち締切区間3の外のボ
ーリング孔2内に排水するようにしても良い。また、締
切区間3及び容器5内へ供給される液体(通常水)は、
必ずしも地表の給液設備から供給せずボーリング孔2内
にあらかじめ貯留している地下水などをそのまま利用し
たり、あるいはポンプなどで送り込むようにしても良
い。
Although the above embodiment is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, in the present embodiment, the case where the apparatus is configured as an apparatus capable of performing both the water permeability test and the air permeability test is described as an example, but the invention is not particularly limited thereto, and the apparatus may be configured as a dedicated apparatus for the water permeability test or an apparatus dedicated to the air permeability test. Is also possible. In this case, for example, in FIG. 1, except for the pressure gauge 16, the thermometer 20, the gas communication pipe 14, and the liquid level gauge 18 in the cutoff section 3 which constitute the gas amount measuring means, the apparatus becomes a dedicated apparatus for the water permeability test. The drainage equipment 7 and the supply / drainage pipe 13 are also dedicated equipment for drainage, and are dedicated devices for the air permeability test. Further, in some cases, the gas communication pipe 14 may be omitted, and an air supply device and an air supply pipe for directly supplying gas to the cutoff section 3 may be provided. In this case, when the water in the cut-off section 3 is pumped into the container, the space S in the cut-off section 3 is communicated with the atmosphere or is pressurized, thereby pushing the water in the cut-off section 3 to assist the inflow into the container. To test the ground deeper in the borehole. Further, the water discharged from the deadline section 3 does not need to be drained to the ground surface outside the boring hole 2, for example, to the outside of the packers 4 a and 4 b, that is, into the boring hole 2 outside the deadline section 3. May be. Further, the liquid (normal water) supplied into the deadline section 3 and the container 5 is
The groundwater or the like stored in advance in the borehole 2 may not be supplied from the liquid supply equipment on the surface of the ground, but may be used as it is, or may be sent by a pump or the like.

【0041】[0041]

【発明の効果】以上の説明より明らかなように、請求項
1記載の孔内流体透過性試験装置によれば、ボーリング
孔外から供給される液体例えば水を、締切区間にある容
器に一旦貯留してから容器に加える気体圧に応じて容器
から締切区間に流出させるようにしているので、対象地
盤への滲み込み量に等しい液量が容器内から締切区間へ
排出されてそれが容器内の液量変化として現れ、締切区
間へ実際に流れ込んで対象地盤に滲み込む量として正確
に測定される。このことから、ボーリング孔内での管路
の膨張や継ぎ目での漏洩などに起因する誤差を排除し
て、対象地盤の透水性を高精度に測定できる。
As is apparent from the above description, according to the fluid permeation test apparatus according to the first aspect, the liquid, for example, water supplied from outside the borehole is temporarily stored in the container in the cutoff section. After that, according to the gas pressure applied to the container, it is allowed to flow out of the container to the cut-off section, so that a liquid amount equal to the amount of seepage into the target ground is discharged from the container to the cut-off section, and it is discharged inside the container. It appears as a change in liquid volume and is accurately measured as the amount that actually flows into the deadline section and seeps into the target ground. From this, it is possible to measure the water permeability of the target ground with high accuracy by eliminating errors caused by expansion of the pipeline in the borehole and leakage at the joint.

【0042】また、請求項2記載の孔内流体透過試験装
置によると、液体用連通管を開けた状態で容器内の気体
圧力を減圧して締切区間の液体を容器内に導入し、さら
に液体用連通管を閉じると共に気体圧で締切区間外へ容
器内の液体を排液管を経由させて排出可能とすることに
より締切区間に給気管から気体を導入する試験区間を形
成するようにしているので、容器がポンプ機能を有し、
ボーリング孔内に揚水用ポンプを設置する必要がない。
このため、容器を小型化することによって小孔径のボー
リング孔内でも透気透水試験を行うことが可能となる。
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the gas pressure in the container is reduced while the liquid communication pipe is opened, and the liquid in the cutoff section is introduced into the container. The test section for introducing gas from the air supply pipe to the cutoff section is formed by closing the communication pipe and allowing the liquid in the container to be discharged to the outside of the cutoff section by gas pressure via the drain pipe. So the container has a pump function,
There is no need to install a pump for pumping in the borehole.
For this reason, it is possible to perform an air permeability test even in a small-diameter boring hole by reducing the size of the container.

【0043】また請求項3記載の孔内流体透過試験装置
によれば、一つの試験装置で透水性試験と透気性試験と
を実施できる。
According to the fluid permeation test apparatus of the third aspect, the water permeability test and the air permeability test can be performed by one test apparatus.

【0044】さらに請求項4記載の孔内流体透過試験装
置によれば、給気管と給排気管とにおいて、配管の一部
と給気設備とを共用することができ、より設備コストを
下げることができる。
Further, according to the fluid permeation test apparatus in the hole, a part of the pipe and the air supply equipment can be shared between the air supply pipe and the air supply / exhaust pipe, thereby further reducing the equipment cost. Can be.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明の孔内流体透過試験装置の一実施形態を
示す概略縦断面図である。
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a fluid permeation test apparatus in a hole of the present invention.

【図2】本発明の孔内流体透過試験装置の透水性試験の
模式図で、(A)は孔内に試験装置をセットした状態、
(B)は容器内を加圧した状態を示す。
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a water permeability test of a fluid permeation test device in a hole according to the present invention, wherein (A) shows a state in which the test device is set in the hole,
(B) shows a state where the inside of the container is pressurized.

【図3】本発明の孔内流体透過試験装置の透気性試験の
模式図で、(A)は容器内の水の排水状態、(B)は締
切区間からの水の取り込み状態、(C)は試験区間への
給気状態を示す。
3A and 3B are schematic diagrams of an air permeability test of the apparatus for testing fluid permeation in a hole according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A shows a state of drainage of water in a container, FIG. Indicates the state of air supply to the test section.

【図4】従来の試験法を示す模式図で、(A)は透水性
試験、(B)は透気性試験を示す。
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a conventional test method, wherein (A) shows a water permeability test and (B) shows an air permeability test.

【図5】地盤に対する流体の透過性に関する試験結果の
一例を示すグラフである。
FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of a test result regarding permeability of a fluid to the ground.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 孔内流体透過試験装置 2 ボーリング孔 3 締切区間 4a,4b パッカー 5 容器 6 給排気設備 7 給排液設備 8 対象地盤 9 試験区間 10 給排気ポンプ 11 給排水ポンプ 12 給排気管 13 給排水管 14 気体用連通管 15 液体用連通管 16,17,18,20 締切区間の気体の質量減少分
を計測する手段を構成する締切区間の圧力計、容器内圧
力計、締切区間の液位計及び温度計 19 容器内の液体の変動量を計測する液量計測手段た
る液位計 21a〜21d 電磁バルブ(バルブ)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fluid permeation test apparatus in a hole 2 Boring hole 3 Deadline section 4a, 4b Packer 5 Container 6 Supply / exhaust equipment 7 Supply / drainage equipment 8 Target ground 9 Test section 10 Supply / exhaust pump 11 Supply / drain pump 12 Supply / exhaust pipe 13 Supply / drain pipe 14 Gas Communication pipe for liquid 15 Liquid communication pipe 16, 17, 18, 20 Pressure gauge in cut-off section, pressure gauge in container, pressure gauge in cut-off section, liquid level gauge and thermometer constituting means for measuring mass reduction of gas in cut-off section 19 Liquid level meter 21a to 21d as a liquid amount measuring means for measuring a fluctuation amount of liquid in a container Electromagnetic valve (valve)

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 少なくとも1組のパッカーを備え、該パ
ッカーでボーリング孔内の一部区間を締め切ると共にこ
の締切区間の空間へボーリング孔外から任意の流体を注
入して前記ボーリング孔内の流体の透過性を測定する孔
内流体透過試験装置において、前記締切区間に配置され
る容器と、該容器と前記締切区間とを必要に応じて連通
させて液体を出入り可能とする液体用連通管と、前記容
器に必要に応じて給液可能な給液設備と、前記容器内の
液体の変動量を計測する液量計測手段と、前記容器に必
要に応じて給気可能な給気設備とを備え、前記容器に液
体を一旦貯留し前記給気設備から加圧する気体圧で前記
締切区間の空間へ排出することを特徴とする孔内流体透
過試験装置。
1. A system comprising at least one set of packers, wherein the packer closes a section in a borehole and injects any fluid from the outside of the borehole into the space of the cutoff section to reduce the fluid in the borehole. In the in-hole fluid permeation test device for measuring permeability, a container disposed in the cutoff section, a liquid communication pipe that allows the container and the cutoff section to communicate with each other as necessary, and allows liquid to enter and exit, A liquid supply facility capable of supplying liquid to the container as needed, a liquid amount measuring means for measuring a fluctuation amount of liquid in the container, and an air supply facility capable of supplying air to the container as necessary And a liquid permeation test device for bored holes, wherein a liquid is temporarily stored in the container and discharged into the space of the cutoff section by a gas pressure pressurized from the air supply equipment.
【請求項2】 少なくとも1組のパッカーを備え、該パ
ッカーでボーリング孔内の一部区間を締め切ると共にこ
の締切区間の空間へボーリング孔外から任意の流体を注
入して前記ボーリング孔内の流体の透過性を測定する孔
内流体透過試験装置において、前記締切区間に配置され
る容器と、該容器と前記締切区間とを必要に応じて連通
させて液体を出入り可能とする液体用連通管と、前記容
器内の液体を前記締切区間の外へ排出可能とする排液設
備と、前記容器内に必要に応じて気体を給排可能とする
給排気設備と、前記締切区間に必要に応じて気体を供給
可能とする給気設備と、前記締切区間の空間の気体の質
量の減少分を計測する気体量計測手段とを備え、前記容
器内の気体圧力を減圧して前記締切区間の液体を前記容
器内に導入してから前記液体用連通管を閉じて前記給排
気設備から加圧した気体圧で前記締切区間外へ前記容器
内の液体を前記排液設備を経由させて排出することによ
り前記締切区間に前記給気管から気体を導入する試験区
間を形成することを特徴とする孔内流体透過試験装置。
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising at least one set of packers, wherein the packer closes a part of the bore hole and injects any fluid from the outside of the bore hole into the space of the cut-off section to remove the fluid in the bore hole. In the in-hole fluid permeation test device for measuring permeability, a container disposed in the cutoff section, a liquid communication pipe that allows the container and the cutoff section to communicate with each other as necessary, and allows liquid to enter and exit, A drainage facility that allows the liquid in the container to be discharged out of the cut-off section, a supply / exhaust facility that allows gas to be supplied and discharged into the vessel as needed, and a gas as needed to the cut-off section An air supply device capable of supplying a gas, and a gas amount measuring unit that measures a decrease in the mass of gas in the space of the cutoff section, and reduces the gas pressure in the container to reduce the liquid in the cutoff section. After being introduced into the container The liquid communication pipe is closed and the liquid in the container is discharged to the outside of the cutoff section through the drainage apparatus with the gas pressure pressurized from the air supply / exhaust facility to the cutoff section from the air supply pipe to the cutoff section. An in-hole fluid permeation test apparatus, wherein a test section for introducing a gas is formed.
【請求項3】 少なくとも1組のパッカーを備え、該パ
ッカーでボーリング孔内の一部区間を締め切ると共にこ
の締切区間の空間へボーリング孔外から任意の流体を注
入して前記ボーリング孔内の流体の地盤への透過性を測
定する孔内流体透過試験装置において、前記締切区間の
空間に配置される容器と、該容器と前記締切区間とを必
要に応じて連通させて液体を出入り可能とする液体用連
通管と、前記ボーリング孔外から前記容器内に必要に応
じて給液可能とする給排液設備と、前記容器内の液体の
変動量を計測する液量計測手段と、前記ボーリング孔外
から前記締切区間に必要に応じて気体を供給可能とする
給気設備と、前記ボーリング孔外から前記容器内に必要
に応じて給排気可能な給排気設備と、前記締切区間の気
体の質量の減少分を計測する気体量計測手段とを備える
ことを特徴とする孔内流体透過試験装置。
3. A boring system comprising at least one set of packers, wherein the packer closes a part of the boring hole and injects any fluid from the outside of the boring hole into the space of the cut-off section to reduce the fluid in the boring hole. In the in-hole fluid permeation test device for measuring permeability to the ground, a container arranged in the space of the cut-off section, and a liquid that allows the container to communicate with the cut-off section as necessary so that liquid can enter and exit. A communication pipe, a supply / drainage facility for supplying liquid into the container as needed from outside the boring hole, a liquid amount measuring means for measuring a fluctuation amount of the liquid in the container, and an outside of the boring hole. An air supply system that can supply gas to the cutoff section as needed, a supply / exhaust system that can supply and discharge gas from outside the boring hole to the container as needed, and a mass of gas in the cutoff section. Decrease An in-hole fluid permeation test device comprising: a gas amount measuring means for measuring.
【請求項4】 前記給気設備は前記容器と前記締切区間
とを必要に応じて連通可能とする気体用連通管と前記給
排気設備とで構成され、前記給気設備と前記給排気設備
とを共用することを特徴とする請求項2または3記載の
孔内流体透過試験装置。
4. The air supply system includes a gas communication pipe that enables communication between the container and the cutoff section as needed, and the air supply / exhaust system. 4. An apparatus for testing fluid permeation in a hole according to claim 2, wherein the apparatus is used in common.
JP11037908A 1999-02-16 1999-02-16 Intra-pit fluid permeation test device Pending JP2000234326A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11037908A JP2000234326A (en) 1999-02-16 1999-02-16 Intra-pit fluid permeation test device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11037908A JP2000234326A (en) 1999-02-16 1999-02-16 Intra-pit fluid permeation test device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2000234326A true JP2000234326A (en) 2000-08-29

Family

ID=12510654

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2000234326A (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007263658A (en) * 2006-03-28 2007-10-11 Japan Atomic Energy Agency Method for in-situ water sealing test on borehole filler, system for in-situ water sealing test on the borehole filler, method for permeability coefficient analysis of borehole filler top part, method for intensity analysis of the borehole filler top part, and experimental device for borehole filler in water-sealed chamber
CN103091229A (en) * 2013-01-31 2013-05-08 河海大学 Variable water head sectional permeation coefficient measuring equipment and measuring method
KR101314910B1 (en) * 2012-03-14 2013-10-11 한국수력원자력 주식회사 Measuring apparatus of gas permeability in the small interval of rock
CN104912123A (en) * 2015-05-28 2015-09-16 浙江中林勘察研究股份有限公司 Foundation pit heaving model experimental device and method
CN104914232A (en) * 2015-05-28 2015-09-16 浙江中林勘察研究股份有限公司 Excavation piping simulation test apparatus and excavation piping simulation test method
CN106018239A (en) * 2016-06-21 2016-10-12 浙江工业大学 Method and device for measuring permeability coefficients of stratums at different depths in field
CN114293985A (en) * 2022-01-13 2022-04-08 四川省地质矿产勘查开发局四0五地质队 Deep brine pumping working method

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007263658A (en) * 2006-03-28 2007-10-11 Japan Atomic Energy Agency Method for in-situ water sealing test on borehole filler, system for in-situ water sealing test on the borehole filler, method for permeability coefficient analysis of borehole filler top part, method for intensity analysis of the borehole filler top part, and experimental device for borehole filler in water-sealed chamber
KR101314910B1 (en) * 2012-03-14 2013-10-11 한국수력원자력 주식회사 Measuring apparatus of gas permeability in the small interval of rock
CN103091229A (en) * 2013-01-31 2013-05-08 河海大学 Variable water head sectional permeation coefficient measuring equipment and measuring method
CN104912123A (en) * 2015-05-28 2015-09-16 浙江中林勘察研究股份有限公司 Foundation pit heaving model experimental device and method
CN104914232A (en) * 2015-05-28 2015-09-16 浙江中林勘察研究股份有限公司 Excavation piping simulation test apparatus and excavation piping simulation test method
CN106018239A (en) * 2016-06-21 2016-10-12 浙江工业大学 Method and device for measuring permeability coefficients of stratums at different depths in field
CN114293985A (en) * 2022-01-13 2022-04-08 四川省地质矿产勘查开发局四0五地质队 Deep brine pumping working method

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