JP2000157093A - Container for culturing fishes or shellfishes, capable of being further used as fish bank - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a container for culturing fishes or shellfishes, capable of being further used as a fish bank, always facilitating the passage of oxygen and baits, improving environments in water and capable of increasing fish banks. SOLUTION: This container for culturing fishes or shellfishes is exclusive used for the fishes or the shellfishes, and has a size capable of being moved. A material such as cotton, ceramic or plastic is used for 25% of the whole outer peripheral area of a net, a basket, etc., placed in water, and plays the role of a fish bank to which sea algae, small shells, etc., are positively adhered. The remaining 75% is made of a material such as extremely water-repelling yarns, artificial fish skin yarns containing guar gum and polyethylene oxide or cotton fried with rape seed oil to prevent the clogging of the net, the basket, etc.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】〔産業上の利用分野〕本発明は魚貝類の養
殖に関するもので、水産業に関する。[0001] The present invention relates to the cultivation of fish and shellfish, and relates to the fishing industry.

【０００２】〔従来の技術〕従来、魚礁を兼ねた養殖用
網、籠等の容器はなく、目づまりし易い容器が多くあ
り、貝類を自然と同じ方法で養殖する方法及び容器はな
かった。[Prior Art] Conventionally, there are no containers such as fish nets and cages which also serve as fish reefs, there are many containers that are easily clogged, and there is no method or container for culturing shellfish in the same manner as in nature.

【０００３】〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕従来の魚
貝類養殖用容器には次の問題点があった。 １）定置網の目づまり防止用網に錫系の表面処理をした
ものがあって大きく水中を汚染した。自然環境を守る必
要がある。 ２）長期間水中で育てる魚貝類は発育をより促進する魚
礁が多いのがよい。 ３）貝類では、吊下げ、係止、結束等の方法が多くとら
れ、貝に孔をあける作業等、手間のかかることが多い他
にも問題が多くあった。 ４）貝類では、運動が不足する方法では、中の身の量が
小さかった。 ５）定置網の目づまりによる魚貝類の死亡の他に、収穫
時、引揚げ用ロープに、フジツボ貝等が付着し、ロープ
直径が５倍になり、引揚げ不可が多い。 ６）魚貝の容器構造が、夫々の性格に合せるものになっ
てなかった。 ７）貝類の籠は、空間が多く、水中体積の効率が低いた
め、大量生産には不向きで、稚貝からの生産コストが多
く高価であった。 ８）小貝、海草等の付着した網等、引揚げ乾燥時、悪臭
がただよった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] A conventional fish and shellfish culturing container has the following problems. 1) The clogging prevention net of the fixed net had a tin-based surface treatment, and greatly contaminated the water. It is necessary to protect the natural environment. 2) Fish and shellfish grown in water for a long period of time should have many fish reefs that promote their development. 3) For shellfish, there are many methods such as hanging, locking, bundling, etc., and there are many other problems, such as drilling holes in the shellfish, which is often troublesome. 4) In the case of shellfish, the amount of body was small when exercise was insufficient. 5) In addition to the death of fish and shellfish due to clogging of the fixed net, barnacles and the like adhere to the pulling rope at the time of harvesting, the diameter of the rope increases five times, and it is often impossible to lift. 6) The container structure of the fish and shellfish did not conform to each character. 7) Shell cages are not suitable for mass production because they have a lot of space and low efficiency of underwater volume. 8) There was a bad smell at the time of lifting and drying such as nets with small shells and seaweed.

【０００４】〔課題を解決するための手段〕上記目的を
達成するため、本発明の網、籠等の容器においては、容
器の７５％を目づまりなし、２５％を逆に付着させる素
材及び構成にし、効率のよい空間利用のできる方式に
し、自然環境を維持し、さらに他の魚貝の魚礁とするこ
とで資源の拡大をはかる。 １）目づまり防止用網、籠には、超はっ水性の糸を使
い、水の接触角度を１２０°〜１４５°を保ち、全くの
毒性なし、 ２）自然界において、ワカメ、コンブの海草には、浮遊
生物は付着しない、これは多糖類の１種であるアルギン
酸を全面に分泌し、ヌルヌルした被覆相を絶えず形成す
るためで、イガイ、フジツボ等の小貝も付着しない。そ
して全く無毒で、グアーガムは増粘多糖類として巾広く
使用されているが、１％水溶液の粘度は３０００ＣＰＳ
ａｔ２５℃を示す。また、ポリエチレンオキサイドもグ
アーガムと大略同じで、こちらは、食品、医薬にも１部
使い、全く無毒である。これら２種の材料の封入された
２重管構造の糸は、水中に入れると、外糸、中糸の小孔
を通じて侵入した水により、グアーガム等は、吸水膨潤
し、外糸の空隙部を満たし、水の内部への拡散と膨潤し
た粘性物質の分泌がバランスして或る濃度、粘度の分泌
物が生成し続ける。 ３）木綿糸は地上に於ける植物で糸に加工工程を含め全
く無毒であり、油中加温侵入させるナタネ油も又、全く
無毒である。加工済の糸は、強度の低下もなく、表面は
水の侵入により、上記グアーガムと同様のヌルヌル性を
維持できるので、同様の使用ができる。 ４）以上３種の糸を縒り、ロープ等にして使用する。 ５）上記糸等を使い、貝類等も、運動できる容器でしか
も、貝に加工を加えない儘、速かに出し入れのできる立
体的な籠構造にする。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, in a container such as a net or a basket according to the present invention, 75% of the container is not clogged and 25% of the container is reversely adhered. In order to expand resources, we will use natural space, maintain a natural environment, and use other reefs for other shellfish. 1) Super-water-repellent thread is used for the clogging prevention nets and cages, keeping the contact angle of water between 120 ° and 145 °, without any toxicity. 2) In nature, for seaweed of seaweed and kelp Does not adhere to floating organisms, because it secretes alginic acid, a kind of polysaccharide, over the entire surface and constantly forms a slimy coating phase, and does not adhere to small mussels such as mussels and barnacles. Guar gum is completely non-toxic, and guar gum is widely used as a thickening polysaccharide, but the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution is 3000 CPS.
at 25 ° C. Also, polyethylene oxide is almost the same as guar gum, and it is completely non-toxic because it is used in food and medicine. When the yarn of the double pipe structure in which these two materials are enclosed is put in water, guar gum and the like absorb water and swell due to water that has penetrated through the small holes of the outer yarn and the middle yarn, and fill the voids of the outer yarn. Filling, the diffusion of water into the interior and the secretion of swollen viscous substances are balanced, and secretions of a certain concentration and viscosity continue to be produced. 3) Cotton yarn is a plant on the ground and is completely non-toxic, including the processing steps to the yarn, and rapeseed oil which is infiltrated by heating in oil is also completely non-toxic. The processed yarn can be used in the same manner as the guar gum because the surface can maintain the same slimyness as the guar gum by the invasion of water without any decrease in strength. 4) Twist the above three kinds of yarns and use them as ropes. 5) Using the above-mentioned thread and the like, the shells and the like are made of a container that can move and have a three-dimensional basket structure that can be quickly put in and taken out without processing the shells.

【０００５】〔作用〕上記のように構成された網、籠に
て養殖された魚貝は、次の作用により、早く大きく、貝
類は身の豊富なものになる。 １）網、籠の７５％に目づまりがしない。 ２）ロープ等にも小貝が付着しない。 ３）貝の孔あけ作業、ピン通し作業及び収穫時のピン切
り作業がなくなる ４）肉の大きい貝の成長に作用する。運動不足解消によ
り。 ５）自然に近い環境になるので発育が進み、他の魚貝の
発育増進に作用し餌が近くに豊富になる。[Action] The fish and shellfish cultivated in the net and the basket constructed as described above are quickly enlarged by the following action, and the shellfish become rich. 1) 75% of nets and baskets are not clogged. 2) Small shells do not adhere to ropes. 3) Eliminating shelling, pinning, and pinning operations during harvesting 4) Acts on the growth of shellfish with large meat. By eliminating lack of exercise. 5) Since the environment is close to nature, the growth progresses and the growth of other fish and shellfish is promoted, and the bait becomes abundant nearby.

【０００６】〔実施例〕実施例について図面を参照して
説明すると、図１〜図３は、カキ、トコブシホタテ貝等
の養殖籠の例を示すもので、中央のロープ（１）の外周
に、６孔リング（２）が約９０ケ、スナップリング
（８）で固定され、桃の実に似た棚板（６）が１籠に２
枚、中にとめられている。魚礁の役目をになう礁網
（４）は円周の約１／４をしめ、１般の木綿糸、ナイロ
ン糸の網をｓｕｓ３０４金属の枠板に設けた。超はっ水
性カーボン繊維糸網をポリエチレン枠板に固定し、付着
無網（５）の両端に開口とめ（１０）を設け、簡単に着
脱できる丸ピン（７）をつけ、籠の天井板網（１１）は
支え梁（１７）で、６孔リングにとめ、最上段の籠から
順次、下部支え梁網（９）を６孔リングにとめていく。
天井板の網目は、付着無網と同じ材質寸法にし、中間に
設けた棚板は、下板と同じ網目で細かいものを金属で行
い、棚板の周りの隙間から、中に３ケ入れられた貝がそ
れぞれ運動しながら上下できる。貝が成長して、この隙
間を上下して周ることのできなくなる大きさに成長した
後は１棚に１貝のアパート部屋とし安住でき、部屋の中
のみで運動できるスペースとした。ロープ１本の外側に
３等配で籠が固定され、９０棚２７０ケの貝を成長する
籠とし、稚貝を入れて、水中で大きく発育させる。図４
は、１ロープ１籠の貝箱籠方式を示すもので、籠構成は
図１〜図３と同じとし、吊り下げ棒（１２）が１籠で３
本つき、全体の高さのみ低くすることで、籠数を増大で
きる。上記が貝数２７０ケに対し、図４は１８０ケの生
産ができる。貝の種類により、籠の直径、高さが異るた
め、専用の大量生産用として実施例とした。また、トコ
ブシ等、好む場所が平坦な岩でしかも、傾斜面の好きな
貝は底板を金属、セラミックが良い。図５は、定置網に
本発明を実施したもので、付着無網（１３）の他に約２
５％の魚礁網（１４）を設け、固定ロープ、及び巻揚げ
ロープ（１６）共にグアーガムの縒糸とし、付着無網糸
に超ハッ水性ナイロン糸とした。超はっ水性材料は水の
接触角が１８０度に近いものがよく、水滴が転がり初め
る時の接触角は１２０度ですから、１４５度以上のもの
とした。[Embodiment] An embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 3 show examples of aquaculture baskets such as oysters, scallops, and the like. , 6-hole ring (2) is fixed by about 90 pieces, snap ring (8), and shelves (6) resembling peach nuts
It is stopped inside. The reef net (4), which plays the role of a fish reef, occupies about one-fourth of the circumference, and a net of cotton thread and nylon thread is provided on a SUS304 metal frame plate. A super-water-repellent carbon fiber yarn mesh is fixed to a polyethylene frame plate, and openings (10) are provided at both ends of an attachment-free net (5), and round pins (7) that can be easily attached and detached are attached. (11) is a supporting beam (17), which is fastened to a 6-hole ring, and the lower supporting beam network (9) is sequentially fastened to a 6-hole ring from the uppermost basket.
The mesh of the ceiling plate has the same material dimensions as the non-attached mesh, and the middle shelf is made of metal with the same mesh as the lower plate and made of metal. The clams can move up and down while exercising. After the shells grew and grew to a size that made it impossible to go up and down these gaps, one shelves per shelf became an apartment room where they could live comfortably and exercise only in the room. Baskets are fixed at equal intervals on the outside of one rope, and 270 shells of 90 shelves are used as growing cages. FIG.
Shows a shell cage system of one rope and one cage, the cage configuration is the same as in FIGS. 1 to 3, and the hanging rod (12) is 3 in one cage.
The number of baskets can be increased by lowering only the whole height of the book. In contrast to the above-mentioned 270 shellfish, FIG. 4 can produce 180 shellfish. Since the diameter and height of the basket differ depending on the type of shellfish, this example was used for exclusive mass production. Also, the preferred place is flat rock, such as tocobushi, and the shells that like the inclined surface are preferably made of metal or ceramic for the bottom plate. FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the present invention applied to a stationary net.
A 5% fish reef net (14) was provided, and both the fixed rope and the unwound rope (16) were made of guar gum twisted yarn, and the attached non-netted yarn was made of super-hazardous nylon yarn. The super-water-repellent material preferably has a contact angle of water close to 180 degrees, and the contact angle when a water droplet starts to roll is 120 degrees.

【０００７】〔発明の効果〕本発明は以上説明したよう
に構成されているので、以下に記載されるような効果を
奏する。 １）水産資源の拡大ができる。 ２）網、籠の水通しがよくなり、養殖魚貝の生存率が高
くなる。 ３）網、籠の材料が無毒のため、水中汚染がなくなる。 ４）貝類の、吊下げ、係止、結束が不要のため、機械設
備、工具等の費用が省ける ５）稚貝を水中に戻す作業が簡素化され、高能率とな
り、大巾に生産性が向上するため、大量生産がはかれ
る。 ６）付着無網は、従来網籠よりも高価のため、当初資金
が必要となるが耐用年数が長いため、原価の低減ができ
る。 ７）貝類は従来の固定式養殖法に比し、中の身が５％増
大する故、消費者も生産者も、貝殻に払っていた費用が
低減できる。 ８）小貝類の網、ロープへの付着がなくなり網を揚げる
ことが楽になり、揚げられなくて、網を水中に捨てるこ
ともなくなった。 ９）貝類の吊り下げ、係止等の方式では外敵により、と
られるのが多かったが、守ることができるため、約５０
％の生存率が９９％に向上できる。また、それぞれの魚
貝の専用容器にしているので、非常に神経質なホタテ貝
の場合でも、個室のプライバシーが守られ、すくすく育
つ条件が得られ、ストレスのない、味の良好な貝にな
る。 １０）網、籠の保存中に周辺地区の環境がよくなる。[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. 1) The marine resources can be expanded. 2) The nets and baskets are well watered, and the survival rate of the cultured fish and shellfish increases. 3) Since the net and basket materials are non-toxic, underwater pollution is eliminated. 4) No need to suspend, lock, or tie shells, so the cost of machinery, tools, etc. can be reduced. 5) The work of returning juvenile shellfish into water is simplified, highly efficient, and greatly productive. To improve, mass production is planned. 6) Since the non-attached net is more expensive than the conventional net basket, it requires initial funds, but has a long service life and can reduce the cost. 7) Compared to conventional fixed-type aquaculture, shellfish increase their contents by 5%, so that both consumers and producers can reduce the cost of shells. 8) The small shellfish did not adhere to the net or rope, and it became easier to fry the net. It was not fried and the net was not discarded in water. 9) In the method of hanging and locking shellfish, it was often taken by external enemies, but since it can be protected, about 50
% Survival rate can be improved to 99%. In addition, since it is a dedicated container for each fish and shellfish, even in the case of very nervous scallops, the privacy of the private room is protected, conditions for growing quickly are obtained, and the shellfish is stress-free and has a good taste. 10) The environment in the surrounding area improves while the nets and baskets are preserved.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】貝類の養殖丸籠を３等配で取付た平面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a plan view in which shellfish cultured round cages are attached at three equal intervals.

【図２】本発明の図１の丸籠のロープの片側のみの側面
図である。FIG. 2 is a side view of only one side of the rope of the round basket of FIG. 1 of the present invention.

【図３】本発明の貝類の養殖丸籠を３等配で取付けたも
のを水中に入れた側面図である。FIG. 3 is a side view of the shellfish cultured round cages of the present invention attached in three equal parts and placed in water.

【図４】貝類の養殖丸籠のロープ１本に丸籠１ケのたて
長連結籠の水中側面である。FIG. 4 is an underwater side view of a single long basket connected to a single rope of a cultured shell of shellfish;

【図５】本発明の定置網の水中斜視図である。FIG. 5 is an underwater perspective view of a fixed net according to the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ ロープ ２ ６孔リング ３ スナップピン ４ 礁網 ５ 付着無網 ６ 棚板 ７ 丸ピン ８ スナップリング ９ 下部支え梁網 １０ 開口とめ １１ 天井板網 １２ 吊り下げ棒 １３ 付着無網 １４ 礁網 １５ 固定ロープ １６ 巻揚げロープ １７ 支え梁 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rope 2 6-hole ring 3 Snap pin 4 Reef net 5 Adhesion-free net 6 Shelf board 7 Round pin 8 Snap ring 9 Lower support beam net 10 Opening stop 11 Ceiling board net 12 Hanging rod 13 Adhesion-free net 14 Reef net 15 Fixed Rope 16 Hoisting rope 17 Support beam

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 水中に入れておく網、籠等の外周全面積
の２５％に、木綿、セラミック、プラスチック等の材料
を使い、海草、小貝等を積極的に付着する魚礁の役目を
し、７５％は、超はっ水性の糸、グアーガム及びポリエ
チレンオキサイドを含有させた人工魚皮糸、そしてナタ
ネ油で天プラにした木綿糸等の材料で目づまりのしな
い、魚貝類の養殖用容器。1. Use of materials such as cotton, ceramics, and plastics for 25% of the entire area of the outer periphery of nets, baskets, etc. to be kept in water, and serve as fish reefs that actively attach seaweed, small shellfish, etc. 75% is a container for cultivating fish and shellfish which is not clogged with materials such as super-water-repellent thread, artificial fish skin thread containing guar gum and polyethylene oxide, and cotton thread made from rapeseed oil. 【請求項２】 それぞれの貝の性向に合せ、よく運動の
できる構成として図１〜図４に示す貝類の水揚げ、出入
れ作業を容易にした貝類の大量養殖用容器。ホタテ貝、
トコブシ、カキその他、貝の養殖籠。2. A container for mass-cultivating shellfish, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, wherein the shellfish can be easily landed and put into and out of the shell as a structure which can exercise well according to the tendency of each shellfish. scallop,
Culture baskets for tocobushi, oysters, and other shellfish.