JP2000144746A - Execution method of lightweight mixed soil utilizing glass waste material - Google Patents
Execution method of lightweight mixed soil utilizing glass waste materialInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000144746A JP2000144746A JP32010198A JP32010198A JP2000144746A JP 2000144746 A JP2000144746 A JP 2000144746A JP 32010198 A JP32010198 A JP 32010198A JP 32010198 A JP32010198 A JP 32010198A JP 2000144746 A JP2000144746 A JP 2000144746A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- powder
- vitreous
- soil
- waste
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、ガラス廃材利用の
軽量混合土の施工法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing a lightweight mixed soil utilizing waste glass.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】現在、地球環境問題は全世界的な問題と
なっており、来るべき２１世紀に向けてその重要性は益
々重くなる一方である。我国では、昨年４月に「容器包
装リサイクル法」が完全実施されることになった。この
ような背景のもと、年間２１６万トン生産（１９９６
年）され、「容器包装リサイクル法」の対象でもあるガ
ラス瓶に関して、リサイクル・再資源化を行い、膨大な
市場が見込まれる産業界への適用が望まれている。2. Description of the Related Art At present, the global environmental problem has become a global problem, and its importance is increasing more and more toward the coming 21st century. In Japan, the Containers and Packaging Recycling Law was fully implemented in April last year. Against this background, 2.16 million tons per year (1996
It is hoped that glass bottles that are subject to the Containers and Packaging Recycling Law will be recycled and recycled, and that they will be applied to the industrial world, where a huge market is expected.
【０００３】ガラス瓶がカレット化され再び瓶原料とし
て利用される率は６０％強と高いが、ビール瓶や一升瓶
などのリターナル瓶を除いた残り５０万トンは、ほとん
どが埋設処分されており、有効活用されていない。（一
部についてはタイル、レンガ等に再資源化されるものの
研究的な要素が強く、その量もわずかである。）The rate at which glass bottles are made into cullets and reused as bottle materials is as high as just over 60%. However, most of the remaining 500,000 tons excluding return bottles such as beer bottles and shochu bottles are mostly disposed of by burial. It has not been. (Some are recycled into tiles, bricks, etc., but the research elements are strong and the amount is small.)
【０００４】一方、最近、特に、土木用資材の需要が、
建築物の不燃化、地盤改良、道路網の拡充、公共施設の
充実などのために並々増大しつつある一方で、地盤改良
や建築用骨材として使用される川砂、砂利、砕石などの
天然の資材は不足ぎみであり、また、環境破壊などの問
題から採掘可能量の制約により、需要の増大に見合う量
を確保することが難しくなってきている。On the other hand, recently, in particular, demand for civil engineering materials has been increasing.
While it is increasing steadily due to fire-retarding buildings, ground improvement, expansion of road networks, and enhancement of public facilities, natural resources such as river sand, gravel, crushed stone, etc. There is a shortage of materials, and it is becoming difficult to secure enough to meet the growing demand due to restrictions on the amount that can be mined due to problems such as environmental destruction.
【０００５】ところで、軽量盛土に関しては、大型の発
泡スチロールブロックを盛土材料として積み重ねていく
ＥＰＳ（Expanded Poly-Styrol ）工法が知られてい
る。[0005] As for lightweight embankment, there is known an EPS (Expanded Poly-Styrol) method in which large-sized styrofoam blocks are stacked as embankment materials.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、大型の発泡ス
チロールブロックによるＥＰＳ工法では、発泡スチロー
ル自体が熱、薬品、ガソリン等で溶解するものであり、
多孔質性のため吸水し、人力による積み重ね、接合作業
が必要であり、不陸調整用の敷砂、コンクリートスラブ
が必要である。また、配管等の既設埋設物に対する対応
に難がある。さらに、排水性に乏しく、産業廃棄物とし
ての問題も生じる。However, in the EPS method using a large styrofoam block, the styrofoam itself is dissolved by heat, chemicals, gasoline, and the like.
Due to its porosity, it requires water absorption, manual stacking and joining work, and sand and concrete slabs for uneven land adjustment are required. In addition, it is difficult to deal with existing buried objects such as piping. Furthermore, it has poor drainage properties, and causes a problem as industrial waste.
【０００７】本発明の目的は前記従来例の不都合を解消
し、排水性のよい地盤を形成するのに、ガラス廃材を利
用することで今までなされなかった資源の有効活用を実
現するとともに、川砂、砂利、砕石などの天然の資材と
同等の使用法が可能で、これらを用いる従来工法と同様
な工法で安定した簡易な施工ができ、無機質リサイクル
品であるので使用後も産業廃棄物に該当せず環境に優し
いガラス廃材利用の軽量土の施工法を提供することにあ
る。[0007] An object of the present invention is to solve the disadvantages of the prior art and to realize effective utilization of resources that have not been achieved by using glass waste material in order to form a ground with good drainage properties, and to realize river sand. It can be used in the same way as natural materials such as sand, gravel, crushed stone, etc., and it can be used for the same method as the conventional method. An object of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly lightweight soil construction method using glass waste material.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は前記目的を達成
するため、びんガラスや板ガラス等のガラス廃材を粉砕
したガラス質廃材粉末に発泡材を添加し、熱処理して砕
石状になったガラス質発泡体を、砂質土と混合して敷均
し、転圧して、締め固めること、および、ガラス質廃材
粉は、粗粉砕ガラス粉に少量の微粉砕ガラス粉を配合し
てなることを要旨とするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a vitreous waste powder obtained by pulverizing glass waste such as bottle glass or plate glass, adding a foaming material, and heat-treating the glass into a crushed glass. Mixing foamed foam with sandy soil, leveling, compacting, and compacting, and vitreous waste powder is to mix a small amount of finely ground glass powder with coarsely ground glass powder. It is an abstract.
【０００９】請求項１記載の本発明によれば、ガラス質
発泡体は砕石状のものであり、これを砂利や砕石と同じ
ように砂質土と混合して敷均し、転圧して、締め固める
ことにより、湿潤密度ρｔ＝０．８〜１．６ｔ／ｍ3 の
範囲の透水性の地盤を造成することができる。According to the first aspect of the present invention, the vitreous foam is in the form of crushed stone, which is mixed with sandy soil in the same manner as gravel or crushed stone, spread and compacted. By compacting, a permeable ground having a wet density ρt of 0.8 to 1.6 t / m 3 can be created.
【００１０】そして砕石状になったガラス質発泡体は大
量に廃棄される空びん、板ガラス、窓ガラスのなどのガ
ラス質廃材を利用して製造するものであり、資源のリサ
イクル有効活用により安価な製造コストで得られ、しか
も、発泡スチロールのように極めて軽いこともないので
砂質土とと十分混合するのに適している。[0010] The crushed vitreous foam is produced by using vitreous waste such as empty bottles, plate glass, window glass, etc., which are discarded in large quantities. Since it is obtained at a manufacturing cost and is not very light like styrofoam, it is suitable for sufficiently mixing with sandy soil.
【００１１】さらに、有害金属の溶出がなく、砕石状に
なったガラス質発泡体を構成するガラスは石灰石等の天
然鉱物からできていて、しかも、再生にジルコニウム、
チタンなどの化合物を使用することもないため再資源化
に際しても環境汚染への心配がなく、環境保全に適す
る。Furthermore, the glass constituting the crushed glassy foam without leaching of harmful metals is made of natural minerals such as limestone.
Since there is no need to use compounds such as titanium, there is no need to worry about environmental pollution when recycling, and it is suitable for environmental conservation.
【００１２】このようにして、砕石状になったガラス質
発泡体は砂質土と混合して軽量混合土とするものである
から、軟弱地盤上では地盤の沈下を抑制でき、地盤の条
件によっては地盤改良が不要となる。また、急勾配盛土
では、急勾配の盛立てが可能であり、施工が容易で工期
短縮も可能で、比較的弱い地盤上での施工が可能とな
る。Since the crushed glassy foam is mixed with the sandy soil to form a lightweight mixed soil in this way, the settlement of the ground on soft ground can be suppressed, and depending on the conditions of the ground, Does not require ground improvement. In addition, in the case of the steep embankment, the embankment can be steeply steep, construction is easy, the construction period can be shortened, and construction on relatively weak ground is possible.
【００１３】請求項２記載の本発明によれば、前記作用
に加えて、ガラス質廃材粉は、粗粉砕ガラス粉に少量の
微粉砕ガラス粉を配合してなることで、ガラス質発泡体
としては大きな独立した気孔の極めて軽量でかつ吸水性
の小さい泡ガラス体となる。According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned functions, the vitreous waste material powder is obtained by mixing a small amount of finely ground glass powder with coarsely ground glass powder to form a vitreous foam. Is a very lightweight and small water-absorbent foam glass body with large independent pores.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を詳細
に説明する。図１は本発明のガラス廃材利用の軽量混合
土の施工法の説明図で、図中１は軽量土材料として利用
する砕石状になった密度１．２ｇ／ｃｍ3 以下、吸水率
２０％以下であるガラス質発泡体であり、このガラス質
発泡体１を標準砂または山砂である砂質土２と混合して
軽量混合土13を得て、これを敷均し、転圧して、締め固
めた。なお、混合作業は敷均し作業を兼用してもよい。
また、砂質土２は現地発生土を利用できる。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a method of constructing a lightweight mixed soil utilizing glass waste material according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a crushed stone used as a lightweight soil material having a density of 1.2 g / cm 3 or less and a water absorption of 20% or less. The vitreous foam 1 is mixed with the sandy soil 2 which is standard sand or mountain sand to obtain a lightweight mixed soil 13, which is spread, compacted and tightened. Hardened. Note that the mixing operation may also be used as the leveling operation.
The sandy soil 2 can use locally generated soil.
【００１５】先にこのガラス質発泡体１について説明す
ると、ガラス質廃材を市販のガラス破砕機、例えばハン
マーミルなどの衝撃型破砕機を用いて粉砕し、粉砕物を
篩分けして得られる０．２１ｍｍ以上２．３８ｍｍ以下
の粒度分布を有する粗粉砕ガラス粉９６％以上と０．２
１ｍｍ未満の粒度分布を有する微粉ガラス粉４％以下の
ガラス質配合粉を原料とする。First, the vitreous foam 1 will be described. The vitreous waste material is pulverized using a commercially available glass pulverizer, for example, an impact type pulverizer such as a hammer mill, and the pulverized material obtained is sieved. 96% or more of coarsely ground glass powder having a particle size distribution of 0.21 mm or more and 2.38 mm or less and 0.2
The starting material is a glassy compound powder having a particle size distribution of less than 1 mm and a glass powder of 4% or less.
【００１６】前記ガラス質廃材としては、例えば、廃棄
されたガラスびん、板ガラス、窓ガラス、テレビやパソ
コンの前面ガラスパネル、ガラス製品工場からのスクラ
ップなどである。これらの廃材は、ガラス質として見た
場合、珪酸塩ガラス、アルミノほうばい酸ガラス、ほう
けい酸塩ガラス、アルミノ珪酸塩ガラスなどが含まれて
いる。このようなガラス質の廃材のうち、ガラスびん、
板ガラス、窓ガラスの廃材は、比較的多量に回収ができ
るので、大量に生産でき、有利である。Examples of the vitreous waste material include discarded glass bottles, plate glass, window glass, front glass panels of televisions and personal computers, and scraps from glass product factories. When viewed as vitreous, these waste materials include silicate glass, aluminoborosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, and the like. Of such vitreous waste materials, glass bottles,
Plate glass and window glass waste can be recovered in a relatively large amount, and can be produced in large quantities, which is advantageous.
【００１７】前記ガラス質配合粉に対して０．１〜３重
量％の発泡材としての炭化珪素を添加、混合して成る混
合粉をガラスの軟化点以上に加熱焼成し、次いで冷却す
る。A powder mixture obtained by adding and mixing 0.1 to 3% by weight of silicon carbide as a foaming material with respect to the glassy compound powder is heated and fired at a temperature higher than the softening point of the glass, and then cooled.
【００１８】前記のごとく、粗粉砕ガラス粉に少量の微
粉砕ガラス粉を配合したガラス質配合粉を調製する必要
は、例えば、粒径０．２１ｍｍ未満の該微粉砕ガラス粉
を全く混せないで粒径２ｍｍ以下の粒度分布を有する粗
粉砕ガラス粉のみを原料とし加熱焼成すると、図２
（ａ）（ｂ）（ｃ）（ｄ）に示すように、加熱前の常温
では互いに接触する粗粒子Ｃで囲まれ形成される空隙Ｇ
は、粗粉粒Ｇの焼結性が悪いため、５００〜６００℃の
焼結温度ではまだ粗粒子相互は焼結が充分に行われない
ので閉塞孔とならず、この間粗粒子から発生するガスは
外部に抜ける。その後、７００℃の焼結温度でやっと粗
粒子間の焼結が充分に行われて該空隙Ｇは閉塞し、孤立
したポア（独立気孔）Ｐが生成するが、その大きさは極
めて小さい。更に７００℃以上の焼成昇温時では既に独
立気孔Ｐ内のガスが少量のため、そのポアＰは大きくな
らず、小さいままであり、大きな独立気孔が得られな
い。As described above, it is necessary to prepare a vitreous blended powder obtained by blending a small amount of finely ground glass powder with coarsely ground glass powder. For example, the finely ground glass powder having a particle size of less than 0.21 mm is not mixed at all. When only the coarsely ground glass powder having a particle size distribution of not more than 2 mm is used as a raw material,
As shown in (a), (b), (c), and (d), at room temperature before heating, a gap G formed by being surrounded by coarse particles C that are in contact with each other.
Is because the coarse particles G have poor sinterability, and at the sintering temperature of 500 to 600 ° C., the coarse particles still do not sufficiently sinter, so that no clogging holes are formed, and the gas generated from the coarse particles Escapes outside. Thereafter, at a sintering temperature of 700 ° C., the sintering between the coarse particles is sufficiently performed, and the void G is closed, and an isolated pore (independent pore) P is generated, but its size is extremely small. Further, at the time of firing at a temperature of 700 ° C. or more, since the gas in the independent pores P is already small, the pores P do not increase and remain small, so that large independent pores cannot be obtained.
【００１９】これに対し、本発明のように２ｍｍ程度の
粗粒ガラス粉間に０．２ｍｍ以下の微粒砕ガラス粉が介
在した状態で加熱焼成を行うと、図２（Ａ）（Ｂ）
（Ｃ）（Ｄ）のように進行する。然るときは、加熱前の
常温では、該粗粒子Ｃ間に微粒子Ｆが介在した状態で形
成される比較的大きい空隙Ｇは、５００〜６００℃の焼
結温度で微粒子Ｆは焼結し易いので、その微粒子Ｆと接
触している各粗粒子Ｃとは、この５００〜６００℃の低
い焼結温度でも互いに焼結し、該空隙Ｇは閉塞され、包
囲壁Ｗをつくり、その内部にこれら粒子から発生するガ
スを閉じ込めた大きな孤立したポアＰを生成する。On the other hand, when sintering is carried out in a state in which finely ground glass powder of 0.2 mm or less is interposed between coarse glass powders of about 2 mm as in the present invention, FIGS. 2A and 2B
The process proceeds as shown in (C) and (D). At that time, at room temperature before heating, the relatively large voids G formed in the state where the fine particles F are interposed between the coarse particles C are easily sintered at a sintering temperature of 500 to 600 ° C. Therefore, each coarse particle C in contact with the fine particles F sinters each other even at the low sintering temperature of 500 to 600 ° C., the void G is closed, and the surrounding wall W is formed. A large isolated pore P containing gas generated from particles is generated.
【００２０】更に高温の７００℃の焼結で更に軟化焼結
が進行し、粗粒は融合し、該独立気孔Ｐの周囲を囲む良
好な融合壁Ｗとなり、これによりポアは被包されると共
に大きなＰを維持する。更に７００℃以上に昇温すれ
ば、ポアＰ内のガスは膨脹し、従って、独立気泡Ｐが膨
脹し、大きな独立した気孔Ｐとなり、極めて軽量で且つ
吸水性の小さい泡ガラス体が得られる。かくして、本発
明の微粒ガラス粉の添加で、例えば空隙率４０％の混合
粉の常温での充填状態Ｂから、ポアＰの熱膨張分が加算
され、約５０％の空隙率のｐ＝１．２程度の焼結発泡体
を作製することができる。The softening sintering further proceeds at a higher temperature of 700 ° C., and the coarse particles fuse to form a good fusion wall W surrounding the closed pores P, thereby enclosing the pores and Maintain a large P. If the temperature further rises to 700 ° C. or higher, the gas in the pores P expands, so that the closed cells P expand to become large independent pores P, and an extremely lightweight foam glass body having a small water absorption is obtained. Thus, by the addition of the fine glass powder of the present invention, for example, the thermal expansion of the pore P is added from the filling state B at room temperature of the mixed powder having a porosity of 40%, and p = 1. About 2 sintered foams can be produced.
【００２１】前記炭化珪素を添加は、図２（Ｃ）の閉塞
壁Ｗにより閉塞された独立気泡Ｐを形成し、７００℃以
上に昇温し、ガス膨脹により図２（Ｄ）のガス膨脹した
状態を維持するには、少量の炭化珪素を添加しておく
と、これにより、閉塞壁Ｗを内部のガス膨脹により破裂
して連続気孔となることなく、強靭に抵抗し乍ら大きく
膨脹せしめる閉塞壁の補強剤として役立つからである。The addition of the silicon carbide forms a closed cell P closed by the closing wall W in FIG. 2C, the temperature is raised to 700 ° C. or more, and the gas expands as shown in FIG. In order to maintain the state, a small amount of silicon carbide is added, so that the closed wall W does not rupture due to internal gas expansion and becomes continuous pores, and the closed wall W expands strongly while resisting strongly. This is because it serves as a wall reinforcing agent.
【００２２】而して、前記のように配合したガラス質混
合粉に、これに対し０．１〜３重量％の炭化珪素を添
加、混合した混合粉を調製し、これをガラスの軟化点以
上に、上記の焼成温度５００℃以上に加熱し、上記のよ
うに昇温し、少なくとも７００℃以上で焼成昇温した
後、急冷又は徐冷により冷却することにより、強靭なガ
ラス質壁Ｗで覆われた大きな独立気泡を無数に有するか
さ比重１３．２ｇ／ｃｍ3以下、吸水率２０％以下のガ
ラス質発泡体１が得られる。Thus, 0.1 to 3% by weight of silicon carbide is added to the vitreous mixed powder blended as described above to prepare a mixed powder, which is mixed with the glass softening point or more. Then, it is heated to the above-mentioned firing temperature of 500 ° C. or more, heated as described above, and heated to at least 700 ° C. or more, and then cooled by rapid cooling or slow cooling to cover with the tough vitreous wall W. A vitreous foam 1 having countless large closed cells and a bulk specific gravity of 13.2 g / cm 3 or less and a water absorption of 20% or less is obtained.
【００２３】炭化珪素は通常、コークスと酸化珪素が主
体である珪砂から製造されるが、本目的に使用される炭
化珪素は必ずしも充分に精製されていなくてもよい。例
えば、純度が８５％程度のものとか、製造中、微粉末と
してバックフィルターなどで回収されるものでもよい。Although silicon carbide is usually produced from silica sand mainly composed of coke and silicon oxide, the silicon carbide used for this purpose does not necessarily have to be sufficiently purified. For example, it may have a purity of about 85%, or may be recovered as a fine powder during manufacture by a back filter or the like.
【００２４】炭化珪素の添加量を配合ガラス粉に対し
０．１〜３重量％に限定する理由は、その添加重が０．
１重量％未満であると、かさ比重が１．２ｇ／ｃｍ3 以
下と充分な軽量特性をもつ製品をつくることが困難とな
る。一方、その添加重が３重量％を超えても充分な軽量
特性をもつ製品をつくることができるが、製品単価が高
価となり好ましくないので、経済上３重量％までにとど
める。The reason why the amount of silicon carbide to be added is limited to 0.1 to 3% by weight based on the compounded glass powder is that the addition weight is 0.1%.
When the content is less than 1% by weight, it is difficult to produce a product having a bulk specific gravity of 1.2 g / cm 3 or less and having sufficient lightweight characteristics. On the other hand, even if the added weight exceeds 3% by weight, a product having sufficient light-weight characteristics can be produced. However, since the unit price of the product is expensive and not preferable, it is economically limited to 3% by weight.
【００２５】前記配合ガラス粉をそのガラス質の軟化点
以上に加熱焼成する点については、この軟化点は夫々の
ガラス原料の種類によって異なる。珪酸塩ガラスの場合
には７５０℃以上が一般であり、特に好ましい温度域は
８４０〜９８０℃の範囲である。９８０℃を越えた高温
では不必要なエネルギーを使用するなど不経済であるの
で、９８０℃までにとどめ、製造コストをできるだけ低
くし安価なガラス質発泡体１を得るようにすることがで
きる。With respect to the fact that the compounded glass powder is heated and fired at a temperature higher than its glassy softening point, the softening point differs depending on the type of each glass raw material. In the case of silicate glass, the temperature is generally 750 ° C. or higher, and a particularly preferable temperature range is 840 to 980 ° C. Since it is uneconomical to use unnecessary energy at a high temperature exceeding 980 ° C., it is possible to keep the temperature up to 980 ° C. to reduce the production cost as much as possible and obtain an inexpensive vitreous foam 1.
【００２６】前記配合ガラス粉は、所定の成形型枠に入
れ加熱焼成した後、徐冷すれば、レンガ、壁材などの板
状の成形品とすることができるが、急冷すれば、板状成
形体に亀裂を生じ、図３に示すような不定形の塊状に壊
れた無数のガラス質発泡体１として得られる。The above-mentioned compounded glass powder can be formed into a plate-like molded product such as a brick or a wall material by gradual cooling after being heated and fired in a predetermined forming mold. Cracks are formed in the molded body, and the resulting vitreous foam 1 is broken into irregularly shaped blocks as shown in FIG.
【００２７】更に、本発明によれば、前記の配合ガラス
粉に炭化珪素を０．１重量％以上添加したものに、更に
該配合ガラス粉に対し０．０５〜２重量％の炭酸カルシ
ウムや炭酸ナトリウム等の炭酸塩の少なくとも１種を添
加、混合して成る混合粉を、ガラスの軟化点以上に加熱
焼成し、次で冷却することにより、更に極めて軽量なか
さ比重ｌｇ／ｃｍ3 以下のガラス質発泡体１が確実に得
られる。添加量が０．０５重量％未満では、前記の添加
効果が得られない。Further, according to the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned compounded glass powder to which silicon carbide is added in an amount of 0.1% by weight or more, 0.05 to 2% by weight of calcium carbonate or carbonate based on the compounded glass powder is further added. A mixed powder obtained by adding and mixing at least one of carbonates such as sodium is heated and baked to a temperature higher than the softening point of glass, and then cooled to obtain a glass material having an extremely lightweight bulk specific gravity of lg / cm 3 or less. The foam 1 is reliably obtained. If the amount is less than 0.05% by weight, the above-mentioned effect cannot be obtained.
【００２８】調製した混合物粉を加熱焼成する作業は、
長尺で且つその幅方向の両側に枠壁をもつ横断面コ字状
の広幅のベルト状の搬送型枠内に投入し所定の高さまで
堆積し、且つ均一な厚さにならしたものを加熱炉内に装
填した後、加熱し所要の加熱焼成温度まで上昇せしめる
が、この場合、ガラス質が珪酸塩ガラスの場合は、７５
０℃以上、好ましくは８４０℃〜９８０℃に昇温する。
例えば９００℃まで昇温させるのに要する時間は、その
被処理物層の厚さにもよるが、厚さが１０ｍｍであれば
１０分、２０ｍｍであれば２０分程度とすることが好ま
しい。また最高温度に達した後の高温保持時間は、最高
温度が低ければ保持時間を長く、逆に最高温度が高けれ
ば保持時間を短くするようにする。例えば、その保持時
間は一般に３０〜０分の範囲である。ここで０分とは、
最高温度に達したら直ちに冷却することを意味する。３
０分以上の長い保持時間は経済的に好ましくない。な
お、配合ガラス粉に水分が多量に含まれている場合に
は、２００℃付近で完全に水分を蒸発してから、前記の
昇温を行うべきである。The operation of heating and baking the prepared mixture powder is as follows.
It is put into a long, belt-shaped transporting form with a U-shaped cross section and a frame having a frame wall on both sides in the width direction, deposited to a predetermined height, and heated to a uniform thickness. After being charged in the furnace, it is heated and raised to the required heating and firing temperature. In this case, when the glassy material is silicate glass, 75%
The temperature is raised to 0 ° C or higher, preferably 840 ° C to 980 ° C.
For example, the time required to raise the temperature to 900 ° C. depends on the thickness of the object layer, but it is preferably about 10 minutes when the thickness is 10 mm and about 20 minutes when the thickness is 20 mm. The high-temperature holding time after reaching the maximum temperature is set such that the holding time is long if the maximum temperature is low, and the holding time is short if the maximum temperature is high. For example, the retention time generally ranges from 30 to 0 minutes. Here, 0 minutes means
It means to cool as soon as the maximum temperature is reached. 3
A long holding time of 0 minutes or more is not economically preferable. When a large amount of water is contained in the compounded glass powder, the temperature should be raised after completely evaporating the water at around 200 ° C.
【００２９】また、ガラス質廃材からは、予め、出来る
限りこれらに混在している陶器片、磁器片、金属、土、
砂、砂利などの無機系不燃物やプラスチック、紙、木片
などの夾触物を除去するが、本発明の軽量な泡ガラス製
品を製造するに差支えない限り、極めて少量であるなら
ば、混ざっていても差支えない。Further, from glassy waste materials, ceramic pieces, porcelain pieces, metals, soil,
Sand, gravel and other inorganic incombustibles and plastics, paper, wood chips and other contaminants are removed, but as long as they do not interfere with the production of the lightweight foam glass product of the present invention, if they are in very small amounts, they are mixed. No problem.
【００３０】前記の高温保持時間を経たのち冷却工程に
入るが、不定型塊状のガラス質発泡体１の場合は、この
冷却を急速に行う。然るときは、冷却中、その所定の均
一な厚さの発泡体はクラックを生じ、自然に壊され、無
数の、大きさのまちまちな例えば粒径１０〜６０ｍｍの
不定型塊状のものとして得られる。After the high-temperature holding time, the cooling step is started. In the case of the irregularly shaped glassy foam 1, this cooling is rapidly performed. Then, during cooling, the foam of a given uniform thickness cracks and breaks spontaneously and is obtained as a myriad of irregularly shaped masses of various sizes, e.g. Can be
【００３１】前記ガラス質発泡体１の特性は、かさ密度
は０．４ｇ〜１．２ｇ／ｃｍ3 、製造時の含水率０％、
吸水率１０％前後である。また、１軸圧縮強さは３５〜
４０Ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 、破砕率３３％前後、温度、熱など
の変化に強く、スレーキング率は略０．１％、すりへり
減量５０％前後である。The properties of the vitreous foam 1 are as follows: bulk density is 0.4 g to 1.2 g / cm 3 , water content at the time of production is 0%,
The water absorption is around 10%. The uniaxial compression strength is 35 ~
40 Kgf / cm 2 , crushing rate is about 33%, resistant to changes in temperature, heat, etc., slaking rate is about 0.1%, and abrasion loss is about 50%.
【００３２】軽量混合土13におけるガラス質発泡体１と
砂質２との混合比率（体重比、重量比）は１：１、１：
０．５、０．５：１の３ケースを初めとして、種々選択
できる。また、混合方法は個々撒きだしたものをバック
ホー等のショベルで混合するか、スタビライザーで混合
する。The mixing ratio (weight ratio, weight ratio) of the vitreous foam 1 and the sandy material 2 in the lightweight mixed soil 13 is 1: 1, 1:
Various selections can be made, including three cases of 0.5 and 0.5: 1. The mixing method is to mix the individual seeds with a shovel such as a backhoe or with a stabilizer.
【００３３】このようなガラス質発泡体１と砂質２とを
混合した軽量混合土13を敷均し、転圧して、湿潤密度ρ
ｔ＝０．８〜１．６ｔ／ｍ3 を目標に締め固めるもの
で、施工現場において締め固めた地盤の原位置試験を行
った。原位置試験は、道路の平板載荷試験（ＪＩＳＡ１
２１５）、現場ＣＢＲ試験（ＪＩＳＡ１２２２）、水置
換による土の密度試験（ＪＩＳ１６１２）である。The lightweight mixed soil 13 obtained by mixing the vitreous foam 1 and the sandy material 2 is spread and pressed to obtain a wet density ρ
An in-situ test of the compacted ground at the construction site was performed with the compaction aiming at t = 0.8 to 1.6 t / m 3 . The in-situ test is a flat plate loading test on roads (JISA1).
215), an in-situ CBR test (JISA1222), and a soil density test by water replacement (JIS1612).
【００３４】[0034]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３５】また、実際に現場で適用する場合を想定
し、密度ρｔ＝１．０ｔ／ｍ3 で締め固めた時の試験結
果を下記表２に示す。Table 2 below shows the test results when compaction is performed at a density ρt = 1.0 t / m 3 , assuming that the device is actually applied on site.
【００３６】[0036]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００３７】三軸試験結果によると、せん断抵抗角はφ
＝３２．６°が得られており、ＣＢＲの値も１７．７％
と大きく、一般的な埋戻し材・盛土材として用いられる
良質土の土性値条件を充分に満足している。透水係数と
しては、×１０-3オーダーの値となっており、透水性が
良好である。According to the results of the triaxial test, the shear resistance angle is φ
= 32.6 °, and the CBR value was also 17.7%.
It satisfactorily satisfies the soil properties of high quality soil used as general backfill material and embankment material. The water permeability is a value on the order of × 10 -3 , indicating good water permeability.
【００３８】本発明の適用は盛土として、または、埋戻
し材として利用が考えられるが、盛土としては、図４に
示すように軟弱地盤12上の盛土として、図５に示すよう
に軟弱地盤12上に仮設道路６を施工する場合の盛土とし
てがある。図中25は土木シート、４は覆土、５は舗装を
示す。The application of the present invention can be considered as an embankment or as a backfill material. The embankment is used as an embankment on the soft ground 12 as shown in FIG. 4 and as a soft ground 12 as shown in FIG. Above is an embankment when the temporary road 6 is constructed. In the figure, reference numeral 25 denotes a civil engineering sheet, 4 denotes a cover soil, and 5 denotes a pavement.
【００３９】図４は直立壁を施工する場合で、支圧板７
を立ち上げ、その裏込め材としてガラス質発泡体１と砂
質土２とを混合した軽量混合土13を、撒き出し、敷均
し、転圧による締め固めを繰り返して盛立て、覆土４を
施して舗装５で覆い、道路とした。FIG. 4 shows a case where an upright wall is constructed.
, And as a backfill material, light-weight mixed soil 13 in which vitreous foam 1 and sandy soil 2 are mixed is scattered, spread out, repeatedly compacted by compaction, and laid to form soil. And covered with pavement 5 to form a road.
【００４０】図７は急傾斜地盛土の場合で、地山８を掘
削し、基礎９を設置する。擁壁またはアンカー（図示せ
ず）を備えた支圧板（壁）７を立ち上げ、背面にガラス
質発泡体１と砂質土２とを混合した軽量混合土13を撒き
出し、敷均し、転圧による締め固めを繰り返して盛立
て、表面舗装５を施工する。材料の搬入が困難な山岳部
での施工が可能で、基礎地盤にかかる土圧を低減し、地
山の安定を図る。FIG. 7 shows a case of a steep embankment, in which a ground 8 is excavated and a foundation 9 is installed. A support plate (wall) 7 having a retaining wall or an anchor (not shown) is set up, and a lightweight mixed soil 13 obtained by mixing the vitreous foam 1 and the sandy soil 2 is scattered on the back surface, and the floor is leveled. The compaction by the rolling compaction is repeated to build the surface, and the surface pavement 5 is constructed. Construction is possible in mountainous areas where materials are difficult to carry in, reducing the earth pressure on the foundation ground and stabilizing the ground.
【００４１】図８は盛土10の拡幅の場合で、同様に基礎
９を設置する。擁壁またはアンカー（図示せず）を備え
た支圧板（壁）７を立ち上げ、背面にガラス質発泡体１
と砂質土２とを混合した軽量混合土13を撒き出し、敷均
し、転圧による締め固めを繰り返して盛立て、表面舗装
５を施工する。FIG. 8 shows a case in which the embankment 10 is widened. A support plate (wall) 7 having a retaining wall or an anchor (not shown) is set up, and the vitreous foam 1
And the sandy soil 2 are mixed, and the lightweight mixed soil 13 is scattered, leveled, compacted by rolling compaction repeatedly, and laid to form the surface pavement 5.
【００４２】図９は既設の補強盛土11の嵩上げの場合
で、既設の補強盛土11の上に擁壁またはアンカー（図示
せず）を備えた支圧板（壁）７を立ち上げ、背面にガラ
ス質発泡体１と砂質土２とを混合した軽量混合土13を撒
き出し、敷均し、転圧による締め固めを繰り返して盛立
て、覆土４を施す。FIG. 9 shows a case where the existing reinforcing embankment 11 is raised. A supporting plate (wall) 7 having a retaining wall or an anchor (not shown) is set up on the existing reinforcing embankment 11, and a glass is provided on the back. The lightweight mixed soil 13 in which the porous foam 1 and the sandy soil 2 are mixed is scattered, spread out, compacted by compaction repeatedly, laid up, and covered with soil 4.
【００４３】図１０はジオテキスタイルを用いた急勾配
盛土の場合で、十分な基礎地盤を確保し、ジオテキスタ
イル23を敷設し、ジオテキスタイル23で巻き込むように
ガラス質発泡体１と砂質土２とを混合した軽量混合土13
を撒き出し、敷均し、転圧による締め固めを繰り返して
盛立てる。法面部には植生土のう24を入れ、天端部はロ
ーム質土で覆土４とする。FIG. 10 shows a case of a steep embankment using geotextile, in which a sufficient foundation ground is secured, a geotextile 23 is laid, and the glassy foam 1 and the sandy soil 2 are mixed so as to be wound by the geotextile 23. Lightweight mixed soil 13
Spreading, leveling and compacting by rolling are repeated to build up. Vegetation soil 24 is placed on the slope, and the top is covered with loamy soil.
【００４４】図１１は山岳道路14のシェルター15への落
石緩衝防止として上部にガラス質発泡体１と砂質土２と
を混合した軽量混合土13を撒き出し、敷均し、転圧によ
る締め固め、その上に覆土４で覆う。FIG. 11 shows a lightweight mixed soil 13 obtained by mixing the vitreous foam 1 and the sandy soil 2 on the upper part of the mountain road 14 to prevent the falling of rocks from falling into the shelter 15, leveling, and compaction by compaction. After hardening, cover it with a cover soil 4.
【００４５】図１２の公園盛土の場合は、ガラス質発泡
体１と砂質土２とを混合した軽量混合土13を撒き出し、
敷均し、転圧による締め固めた上に覆土４を施す。ま
た、図１３は地すべり地の頭部盛土の場合も同様にガラ
ス質発泡体１と砂質土２とを混合した軽量混合土13を撒
き出し、敷均し、転圧による締め固めたものの上に覆土
４を施す。In the case of the park embankment shown in FIG. 12, a lightweight mixed soil 13 obtained by mixing the vitreous foam 1 and the sandy soil 2 is scattered,
The soil is leveled, compacted by compaction, and covered with soil 4. FIG. 13 also shows a light mixed soil 13 obtained by mixing a vitreous foam 1 and a sandy soil 2 in the case of a head embankment in a landslide area. Is covered with soil 4.
【００４６】埋戻し材として使用する例としては、図１
４に示すように管路16の下の埋設管基礎としてガラス質
発泡体１と砂質土２とを混合した軽量混合土13を撒き出
し、敷均し、転圧による締め固めを繰り返して、その上
に埋戻し土21を充填する。FIG. 1 shows an example of use as a backfill material.
As shown in FIG. 4, as a buried pipe foundation under the pipe 16, a lightweight mixed soil 13 in which the vitreous foam 1 and the sandy soil 2 are mixed is scattered, leveled, and compacted by compaction. The backfill soil 21 is filled thereon.
【００４７】図１７は地下構造物20の埋め戻しの場合、
図１８は地下構造物20等埋設構造保護の場合で、土留め
による開削工事を行った後、ボックスカルバートによる
地下構造物20を構築し、その上にガラス質発泡体１と砂
質土２とを混合した軽量混合土13を撒き出し、所望厚さ
に敷設した後、１トン振動ローラー等の転圧機を使用し
てを使用して締め固める。FIG. 17 shows a case where the underground structure 20 is backfilled.
FIG. 18 shows a case of protecting the underground structure such as the underground structure 20. After performing the excavation work by retaining the earth, the underground structure 20 is constructed by the box culvert, and the vitreous foam 1 and the sandy soil 2 are formed thereon. Is scattered and laid to a desired thickness, and then compacted using a rolling machine such as a 1-ton vibrating roller.
【００４８】図１９は橋台裏込めの場合で、図中22は橋
脚を示し、ガラス質発泡体１とローム質土２とを混合し
た軽量混合土13を埋戻し材として使用し、撒き出し、敷
均し、転圧による締め固めを繰り返し、または流動化し
たものを打設して充填する。その上に覆土４を施す。な
お、図示は省略するがこの橋脚22に代えて擁壁の場合に
も同様な埋戻しが可能である。FIG. 19 shows a case of backfilling of an abutment. In FIG. 19, reference numeral 22 denotes a pier. A lightweight mixed soil 13 obtained by mixing a vitreous foam 1 and a loamy soil 2 is used as a backfill material, and is scattered. Leveling and compaction by compaction are repeated, or fluidized material is poured and filled. Covering soil 4 is applied thereon. Although not shown, similar backfilling is possible in the case of a retaining wall instead of the pier 22.
【００４９】[0049]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように本発明のガラス廃材利
用の軽量混合土の施工法は、透水性の地盤を形成するの
に、ガラス廃材を利用することで今までなされなかった
資源の有効活用を実現するとともに、川砂、砂利、砕石
などの天然の資材と同等の使用法が可能で、これらを用
いる従来工法と同様な工法で安定した簡易な施工がで
き、無機質リサイクル品であるので使用後も産業廃棄物
に該当せず環境に優しいものである。As described above, the method for constructing a light-weight mixed soil utilizing glass waste material according to the present invention can effectively utilize resources that have not been achieved by using glass waste material to form a permeable ground. In addition to realizing utilization, it can be used in the same way as natural materials such as river sand, gravel, crushed stone, etc.It can be used for stable and simple construction using the same method as the conventional method using these materials. Even after that, it is environmentally friendly without being classified as industrial waste.
【図１】本発明のガラス廃材利用の軽量混合土の施工法
の１実施形態を示す説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing one embodiment of a method for constructing a lightweight mixed soil utilizing glass waste material according to the present invention.
【図２】ガラス質発泡体の製造原理を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a manufacturing principle of a vitreous foam.
【図３】ガラス質発泡体の斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vitreous foam.
【図４】盛土として軟弱地盤上に施工する場合の一例を
示す縦断正面図である。FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional front view showing an example of a case where the embankment is constructed on soft ground.
【図５】盛土として軟弱地盤上に施工する場合の他例を
示す縦断正面図である。FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional front view showing another example in the case where the embankment is constructed on soft ground.
【図６】盛土として直立壁の施工の場合の縦断正面図で
ある。FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional front view in the case of constructing an upright wall as an embankment.
【図７】急傾斜地盛土の場合の縦断正面図である。FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional front view in the case of a steep embankment.
【図８】盛土として既設盛土の拡幅の場合の縦断正面図
である。FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional front view in the case of widening an existing embankment as the embankment.
【図９】盛土として補強土盛土の嵩上げの場合の縦断正
面図である。FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional front view in the case of raising a reinforced embankment as an embankment.
【図１０】急勾配盛土の場合の縦断正面図である。FIG. 10 is a vertical sectional front view in the case of a steep embankment.
【図１１】落石緩衝の場合の縦断正面図である。FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional front view in the case of a falling rock buffer.
【図１２】公園盛土の場合の縦断正面図である。FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional front view in the case of park embankment.
【図１３】地すべり地の頭部盛土の場合の縦断正面図で
ある。FIG. 13 is a vertical sectional front view in the case of head embankment in a landslide area.
【図１４】埋め戻しとして埋設管基礎の場合の縦断正面
図である。FIG. 14 is a vertical sectional front view in the case of a buried pipe foundation as backfill.
【図１５】埋め戻しとして構造物の埋め戻しの場合の縦
断正面図である。FIG. 15 is a vertical sectional front view in the case of backfilling a structure as backfilling.
【図１６】埋め戻しとして埋設構造物程保護の場合の縦
断正面図である。FIG. 16 is a vertical cross-sectional front view in the case of protecting the buried structure as backfill.
【図１７】埋め戻しとして橋台裏込めの場合の縦断正面
図である。FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional front view in the case of backfilling an abutment as backfilling.
１…ガラス質発泡体 ２…砂質土 ４…覆土 ５…舗装 ６…仮設道路 ７…支圧板 ８…地山 ９…基礎 10…盛土 11…補強盛土 12…軟弱地盤 13…軽量混合土 14…山岳道路 15…シェルター 16…管路 17…橋脚 20…地下構造物 21…埋戻し土 22…橋脚 23…ジオテキスタ
イル 24…植生土のう 25…土木シートDESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Glassy foam 2 ... Sandy soil 4 ... Covering soil 5 ... Pavement 6 ... Temporary road 7 ... Support plate 8 ... Ground 9 ... Foundation 10 ... Embankment 11 ... Reinforcement embankment 12 ... Soft ground 13 ... Lightweight mixed soil 14 ... Mountain roads 15 ... Shelter 16 ... Pipes 17 ... Piers 20 ... Underground structures 21 ... Backfilled soil 22 ... Piers 23 ... Geotextile 24 ... Vegetation soil bags 25 ... Civil sheets
Claims (2)
砕したガラス質廃材粉末に発泡材を添加し、熱処理して
砕石状になったガラス質発泡体を、砂質土と混合して敷
均し、転圧して、締め固めることを特徴としたガラス廃
材利用の軽量混合土の施工法。1. A foaming material is added to a glassy waste powder obtained by pulverizing a glass waste such as a bottle glass or a sheet glass. A method for constructing lightweight mixed soil using waste glass, characterized by compacting, compacting and compacting.
の微粉砕ガラス粉を配合してなる請求項１記載のガラス
廃材利用の軽量混合土の施工法。2. The method of claim 1, wherein the vitreous waste material powder is obtained by mixing a small amount of finely ground glass powder with coarsely ground glass powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32010198A JP2000144746A (en) | 1998-11-11 | 1998-11-11 | Execution method of lightweight mixed soil utilizing glass waste material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32010198A JP2000144746A (en) | 1998-11-11 | 1998-11-11 | Execution method of lightweight mixed soil utilizing glass waste material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000144746A true JP2000144746A (en) | 2000-05-26 |
Family
ID=18117726
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32010198A Pending JP2000144746A (en) | 1998-11-11 | 1998-11-11 | Execution method of lightweight mixed soil utilizing glass waste material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000144746A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006176975A (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-07-06 | Sekisui Plastics Co Ltd | Lightweight banking structure and composite banking structure composed of this structure and reinforcing earth wall structure |
| JP2011220062A (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-11-04 | Yazaki Corp | Gravel and sandbag |
| US20190049053A1 (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2019-02-14 | Marketing Associates, Inc. | Corrugated metal pipe repair system and method |
| CN113300311A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 中电保力（北京）科技有限公司 | Waterproof method for cable well or cable channel |
-
1998
- 1998-11-11 JP JP32010198A patent/JP2000144746A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006176975A (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-07-06 | Sekisui Plastics Co Ltd | Lightweight banking structure and composite banking structure composed of this structure and reinforcing earth wall structure |
| JP4499547B2 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2010-07-07 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | Lightweight embankment structure and composite embankment structure consisting of it and reinforced earth wall structure |
| JP2011220062A (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-11-04 | Yazaki Corp | Gravel and sandbag |
| US20190049053A1 (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2019-02-14 | Marketing Associates, Inc. | Corrugated metal pipe repair system and method |
| CN113300311A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 中电保力（北京）科技有限公司 | Waterproof method for cable well or cable channel |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5494514A (en) | Weather resistant soil cement | |
| CN110578290B (en) | Bridge abutment back backfill structure and construction method thereof | |
| CN101391902A (en) | Foaming concrete made by waste and old concrete and production method thereof and use | |
| KR20130008149A (en) | The piling method of earth for road pavement | |
| JP2008019557A (en) | Pavement structure | |
| CN107165013A (en) | Geotechnical grid reinforcement foam concrete light road foundation fills structure and its method | |
| KR101219616B1 (en) | Lightweight foamed concrete composition having antiwashout property underwater | |
| KR101008185B1 (en) | Frost Protect Material and Method For Paving Road Using The Same | |
| Liu et al. | Field investigation of shallow soft-soil highway subgrade treated by mass carbonation technology | |
| CN103061224A (en) | Method for thawing and strengthening permafrost foundations by quicklime-sand piles | |
| JP2000144748A (en) | Execution method of lightweight mixed soil utilizing glass waste material | |
| JP2000144746A (en) | Execution method of lightweight mixed soil utilizing glass waste material | |
| CN114775703B (en) | High-strength antifreezing in-situ clay partition wall construction method based on heat loss | |
| KR20210065509A (en) | Complex Method For Foundation Treatment of Soft Ground | |
| JP3519032B2 (en) | Lightweight embankment method | |
| JP2000144745A (en) | Execution method of lightweight soil utilizing glass waste material | |
| CN115613595A (en) | Application of waste concrete as backfill material and backfill construction method thereof | |
| JP3694495B2 (en) | Roadbed material or backfill filler | |
| KR102325213B1 (en) | Field hardening pile composition for soft soil stabilization and field hardening pile construction method using the same | |
| JP2000144743A (en) | Lightweight soil cement utilizing glass waste material and its execution method | |
| JP3581008B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of vitreous foam | |
| CN104963427B (en) | A kind of solar greenhouse wall body and preparation method thereof | |
| JP3604334B2 (en) | Slope protection structure and spray material used for the same | |
| JP2764645B2 (en) | Effective use of construction surplus soil | |
| EP4001377B1 (en) | A method of preparing a construction site and soil stabilizer |