JP2000133290A - Solid polymer fuel cell - Google Patents
Solid polymer fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000133290A JP2000133290A JP10309653A JP30965398A JP2000133290A JP 2000133290 A JP2000133290 A JP 2000133290A JP 10309653 A JP10309653 A JP 10309653A JP 30965398 A JP30965398 A JP 30965398A JP 2000133290 A JP2000133290 A JP 2000133290A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- electrodes
- elastic packing
- packing material
- electrolyte membrane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、電解質膜を中間に
挟み込んだ１対の電極、及び当該電極にそれぞれ接触す
るセパレータからなる燃料電池セルを多数個スタック
（重ね合わせ）した固体高分子型燃料電池に係り、特に
製品が取り扱いやすく、また生産効率に優れた固体高分
子型燃料電池に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte fuel in which a plurality of fuel cells comprising a pair of electrodes sandwiching an electrolyte membrane in the middle and a separator contacting each of the electrodes are stacked. The present invention relates to a battery, and more particularly to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell in which products are easy to handle and excellent in production efficiency.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及びその課題】最近の環境問題や資源問題
に対応して燃料電池の開発が活発に行われている。特に
燃料電池としては小型、軽量化の要求から固体高分子型
燃料電池が検討され、このような燃料電池は通常、電解
質膜を中間に挟み込んだ１対の電極、及び当該電極にそ
れぞれ接触するセパレータからなる燃料電池セルを多数
個スタックした構成になっている。2. Description of the Related Art Fuel cells have been actively developed in response to recent environmental problems and resource problems. Particularly, as a fuel cell, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell has been studied in view of the demand for small size and light weight. Such a fuel cell is usually composed of a pair of electrodes sandwiching an electrolyte membrane in the middle, and a separator contacting each of the electrodes. Are stacked in a large number.
【０００３】図４に従来の固体高分子型燃料電池を構成
する燃料電池セル一例を示した。図面に示すように、燃
料電池セル１０は、電解質膜１２と、この電解質膜１２
を両側から挟んでサンドイッチ構造とする一対の電極１
１と、このサンドイッチ構造を両側から挟みつつ電極に
接触するセパレータ２０を備えている。セパレータ２０
は電極側にガス供給用のガス流路２１を有している。FIG. 4 shows an example of a fuel cell constituting a conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell. As shown in the drawing, a fuel cell 10 includes an electrolyte membrane 12 and an electrolyte membrane 12.
Pair of electrodes 1 having a sandwich structure sandwiching
1 and a separator 20 that contacts the electrode while sandwiching the sandwich structure from both sides. Separator 20
Has a gas flow path 21 for gas supply on the electrode side.
【０００４】上記構成の燃料電池セルは、電解質膜１２
とセパレータ２０の周縁部に弾性パッキング材３１を介
在させて、多数個スタックするが、より小型化が要求さ
れ、また多数のセルを重ね合わせて使用することから製
品が取り扱いやすく、また生産効率に優れた燃料電池が
要求されている。[0004] The fuel cell having the above-described structure is provided with an electrolyte membrane 12.
And a large number of cells are stacked with the elastic packing material 31 interposed between the peripheral parts of the separator 20. However, a smaller size is required. Excellent fuel cells are required.
【０００５】通常、上記弾性パッキング材３１としては
各種樹脂からなるパッキング材を用い、燃料電池セル用
セパレータの各種ガス流路を確保し他の部所に漏出しな
いようにセパレータの周縁部に密接して設けることがな
されている。しかしながら、セパレータはその形状が複
雑でパッキング材を決められた位置に設けることは極め
て困難であり、製品が取り扱い難く、また多数のセルを
重ね合わせることから生産効率に劣るという問題があっ
た。Usually, a packing material made of various resins is used as the elastic packing material 31, and various gas flow paths of the fuel cell separator are secured, and the elastic packing material 31 is in close contact with the periphery of the separator so as not to leak to other parts. Is provided. However, the separator has a complicated shape, so that it is extremely difficult to provide a packing material at a predetermined position, it is difficult to handle the product, and there is a problem that the production efficiency is inferior because a large number of cells are stacked.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上述の問題点
を解消できる固体高分子型燃料電池を見出したものであ
り、その要旨とするところは、電解質膜１２を中間に挟
み込んだ１対の電極１１、１１、及び当該電極１１にそ
れぞれ接触し、電極からの集電に用いられるとともに、
上記電極側にガス供給用のガス流路２１を有するセパレ
ータ２０からなる燃料電池セルをその周縁部に弾性パッ
キング材３１を介在して多数個スタックした固体高分子
型燃料電池において、弾性パッキング材３１を上記電解
質膜１２の少なくとも片側周縁部に密接してなることを
特徴とする固体高分子型燃料電池にある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has found a polymer electrolyte fuel cell which can solve the above-mentioned problems, and the gist of the present invention is to provide a polymer electrolyte fuel cell having a pair of electrolyte membranes 12 sandwiching an electrolyte membrane 12 therebetween. Electrodes 11 and 11 and the electrodes 11 are in contact with each other and used for current collection from the electrodes.
In a polymer electrolyte fuel cell in which a plurality of fuel cells each composed of a separator 20 having a gas flow path 21 for gas supply on the electrode side are stacked on the periphery thereof with an elastic packing material 31 interposed therebetween, an elastic packing material 31 is provided. Is in close contact with at least one peripheral edge of the electrolyte membrane 12 in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を詳しく説明する。
図１は本発明の固体高分子型燃料電池に使用する燃料電
池セルの構造を示した断面概略図である。使用する各部
品の構造は従来の燃料電池と同一であるが、燃料電池セ
ル１０は、電解質膜１２と、この電解質膜１２を両側か
ら挟んでサンドイッチ構造とする一対の電極１１と、こ
のサンドイッチ構造を両側から挟みつつ電極に接触する
セパレータ２０を備えている。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail.
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of a fuel cell used in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention. The structure of each component used is the same as that of a conventional fuel cell. However, the fuel cell 10 includes an electrolyte membrane 12, a pair of electrodes 11 having a sandwich structure sandwiching the electrolyte membrane 12 from both sides, and a sandwich structure. And a separator 20 that is in contact with the electrode while sandwiching the electrode from both sides.
【０００８】セパレータ２０の全厚みは通常、０．８ｍ
ｍ〜１．２ｍｍの範囲である。また、電解質膜１２は、
通常、フッ素系の高分子膜中にスルフォン酸基を導入し
たフッ素系スルフォン酸樹脂等の陽イオン交換膜から形
成され、厚みは２０〜２００μｍ、好ましくは５０〜１
００μｍの範囲である。The total thickness of the separator 20 is usually 0.8 m
m to 1.2 mm. Further, the electrolyte membrane 12
Usually, it is formed from a cation exchange membrane such as a fluorosulfonic acid resin in which sulfonate groups are introduced into a fluoropolymer membrane, and has a thickness of 20 to 200 μm, preferably 50 to 1 μm.
It is in the range of 00 μm.
【０００９】本発明の固体高分子型燃料電池では、図２
の断面概略図と、その平面概略図である図３に示すよう
に電解質膜１２の少なくとも片側周縁部に弾性パッキン
グ材３１を密接して形成することに特徴がある。この弾
性パッキング材３１の形状はシール性を考慮して適宜決
めることができるが、断面形状は、半球状や、矩形状の
もの、これらの組合せ形状のものが好適であり、シール
性を改良するには複数の弾性パッキング材を複数個使用
することもできる。In the polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3 which is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 and a schematic plan view thereof, an elastic packing material 31 is formed in close contact with at least one peripheral portion of the electrolyte membrane 12. The shape of the elastic packing material 31 can be appropriately determined in consideration of the sealing property. However, the cross-sectional shape is preferably a hemispherical shape, a rectangular shape, or a combination thereof to improve the sealing performance. In this case, a plurality of elastic packing materials can be used.
【００１０】上記弾性パッキング材３１の材料として
は、各種樹脂が使用できるが、耐熱性や耐久性等の点か
ら、シリコーンゴム、フッ素ゴム、及びアクリルゴム等
の耐熱性エラストマー樹脂が好適に使用できる。また、
使用する樹脂の耐熱温度が１５０℃以上のものが好まし
く、１５０℃未満のものでは、耐熱性が悪く、長期間の
連続使用に耐え難いという問題がある。耐熱温度が３０
０℃以上のものでは弾性に劣り易い傾向があり好ましく
ない。耐熱温度の測定方法はＡＳＴＭ Ｄ２０００に準
拠（ＡＳＴＭ＃３オイル中で測定）して測定すればよ
い。上記電解質膜の少なくとも片側周縁部に弾性パッキ
ング材を密接して形成する方法としては各種方法による
ことができる。例えば電解質膜に直接印刷して形成する
印刷法、転写印刷して形成する転写法、電解質膜に弾性
パッキング材を加熱・加圧して形成するプレス法、金型
内に電解質膜を載置し、材料を射出して形成する射出成
形法、ノズルから材料を所定位置に吐出して形成するノ
ズル法等が挙げられる。Although various resins can be used as the material of the elastic packing material 31, heat-resistant elastomer resins such as silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, and acrylic rubber can be suitably used from the viewpoint of heat resistance and durability. . Also,
It is preferable that the resin used has a heat resistance temperature of 150 ° C. or higher, and if it is lower than 150 ° C., there is a problem that heat resistance is poor and it is difficult to withstand long-term continuous use. Heat resistant temperature is 30
If the temperature is 0 ° C. or higher, the elasticity tends to be inferior, which is not preferable. The heat resistance temperature may be measured according to ASTM D2000 (measured in ASTM # 3 oil). Various methods can be used to form the elastic packing material in close contact with at least one peripheral edge of the electrolyte membrane. For example, a printing method in which printing is performed by directly printing on the electrolyte membrane, a transfer method in which transfer printing is performed, a pressing method in which an elastic packing material is heated and pressed on the electrolyte membrane, a method in which the electrolyte membrane is placed in a mold, An injection molding method in which a material is formed by injection, a nozzle method in which a material is discharged from a nozzle to a predetermined position, and the like are exemplified.
【００１１】本発明の固体高分子型燃料電池では、図
２、３に示したような少なくとも片側周縁部に弾性パッ
キング材を密接した電解質膜１２を用い、その片側又は
両側にセパレータ２０を重ね合わせて図１に示した燃料
電池セル１０を一単位として多数個スタックして固体高
分子型燃料電池を得ることができる。In the polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an electrolyte membrane 12 having an elastic packing material closely attached to at least one peripheral edge thereof is used, and a separator 20 is overlapped on one or both sides thereof. By stacking a large number of the fuel cells 10 shown in FIG. 1 as one unit, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell can be obtained.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】以下、実施例について説明するが、本発明は
これに限定されるものではない。（実施例）図２、３に
示したフッ素系スルホン酸樹脂からなる電解質膜１２
（サイズ：１８４ｍｍ×１９５ｍｍ）の片側または両側
周縁部にシリコーンゴムからなる弾性パッキング材３１
（幅０．７５ｍｍ、厚み０．６ｍｍ）を密接して形成し
た。形成方法は射出成形法によった。射出成形法は金型
キャビテイー内に上記電解質膜を載置し、液状シリコー
ン樹脂（信越化学（株）製ＫＥ−１９５０−６０を、金
型温度１３０℃、射出圧５００Ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 の条件で、
射出成形した。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. (Embodiment) Electrolyte membrane 12 made of fluorine-based sulfonic acid resin shown in FIGS.
(Size: 184 mm x 195 mm) Elastic packing material 31 made of silicone rubber on one or both peripheral edges
(Width 0.75 mm, thickness 0.6 mm). The forming method was an injection molding method. In the injection molding method, the above-mentioned electrolyte membrane is placed in a mold cavity, and a liquid silicone resin (KE-1950-60 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) is injected under the conditions of a mold temperature of 130 ° C. and an injection pressure of 500 kg / cm 2 .
Injection molded.
【００１３】形成した弾性パッキング材３１の耐熱温度
は（ＡＳＴＭ Ｄ２０００）は２２０℃であった。The heat resistant temperature (ASTM D2000) of the formed elastic packing material 31 was 220 ° C.
【００１４】得られた片側または両側周縁部にシリコー
ンゴムを形成した弾性パッキング材３１を用い、セパレ
ータ２０と組合せてスタックし、図１の断面概略図に示
した燃料電池セルを一単位とし多数個横方向にスタック
した固体高分子型燃料電池を得た。得られた燃料電池で
は、シール位置がずれることなく、容易にスタックし組
み合わせることができ、また、使用するガスの漏れ等が
発生することがなく、性能的にも優れていた。Using the obtained elastic packing material 31 in which silicone rubber is formed on one or both peripheral edges, it is combined with the separator 20 and stacked, and the fuel cell shown in the schematic sectional view of FIG. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacked laterally was obtained. The obtained fuel cell could be easily stacked and assembled without displacing the sealing position, and did not leak gas to be used, and was excellent in performance.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】上述したように、本発明の固体高分子型
燃料電池では、複数の燃料電池セルをスタックする際、
シール位置がずれることがなく、所定位置でセットで
き、製品が取り扱いやすく、生産性が極めて良好という
利点を有している。As described above, in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention, when a plurality of fuel cells are stacked,
There is an advantage that the seal position can be set at a predetermined position without shifting, the product is easy to handle, and the productivity is extremely good.
【図１】本発明の固体高分子型燃料電池を構成する燃料
電池セルの構造を示した断面概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of a fuel cell constituting a polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention.
【図２】弾性パッキング材を密接した電解質膜の断面概
略図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrolyte membrane in which an elastic packing material is closely contacted.
【図３】図２の電解質膜の平面概略図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the electrolyte membrane of FIG. 2;
【図４】従来の固体高分子型燃料電池の燃料電池セルを
示した断面概略図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing a fuel cell of a conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
１０ …燃料電池セル １１ …電極 １２ …電解質膜 ２０ …セパレータ ２１ …ガス流路 ３１ …弾性パッキング材 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Fuel cell 11 ... Electrode 12 ... Electrolyte membrane 20 ... Separator 21 ... Gas flow path 31 ... Elastic packing material
Claims (2)
対の電極（１１）、（１１）、及び当該電極（１１）に
それぞれ接触し、電極からの集電に用いられるととも
に、上記電極側にガス供給用のガス流路（２１）を有す
るセパレータ（２０）からなる燃料電池セルをその周縁
部に弾性パッキング材（３１）を介在して多数個スタッ
クした固体高分子型燃料電池において、弾性パッキング
材（３１）を上記電解質膜（１２）の少なくとも片側周
縁部に密接してなることを特徴とする固体高分子型燃料
電池。1. A battery having an electrolyte membrane (12) sandwiched therebetween.
A pair of electrodes (11), (11), and a separator that is in contact with each of the electrodes (11) and is used for current collection from the electrodes and has a gas flow path (21) for gas supply on the electrode side ( 20) In a polymer electrolyte fuel cell in which a plurality of fuel cells composed of 20) are stacked on the periphery thereof with an elastic packing material (31) interposed therebetween, the elastic packing material (31) is provided on at least one side of the electrolyte membrane (12). A polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which is in close contact with the periphery.
ゴム、フッ素ゴム及び、耐熱性エラストマー樹脂から選
ばれてなり、その耐熱温度（ＡＳＴＭ Ｄ２０００）が
１５０℃以上であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の固
体高分子型燃料電池。2. The elastic packing material (31) is selected from silicone rubber, fluorine rubber and heat-resistant elastomer resin, and has a heat-resistant temperature (ASTM D2000) of 150 ° C. or higher. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to the above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10309653A JP2000133290A (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1998-10-30 | Solid polymer fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10309653A JP2000133290A (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1998-10-30 | Solid polymer fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000133290A true JP2000133290A (en) | 2000-05-12 |
Family
ID=17995649
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10309653A Pending JP2000133290A (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1998-10-30 | Solid polymer fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000133290A (en) |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002198071A (en) * | 2000-12-26 | 2002-07-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell gasket |
| JP2003031233A (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-31 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Sealing material coating method of separator for fuel cell |
| JP2003031238A (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-31 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Sealing material coating method of separator for fuel cell |
| JP2003068319A (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-07 | Nok Corp | Component for fuel cell and its manufacturing method |
| US6699610B2 (en) | 2001-04-16 | 2004-03-02 | Asia Pacific Fuel Cell Technologies, Ltd. | Anode stream recirculation system for a fuel cell |
| US6713205B2 (en) | 2001-04-17 | 2004-03-30 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Sealing material for solid polymer fuel cell separator |
| US6742650B2 (en) | 2001-07-24 | 2004-06-01 | Asia Pacific Fuel Cell Technologies, Ltd. | Metal hydride storage canister design and its manufacture |
| US6780535B2 (en) | 2001-11-12 | 2004-08-24 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte fuel-cell separator sealing rubber composition |
| US6846587B2 (en) | 2001-08-15 | 2005-01-25 | Asia Pacific Fuel Cell Technologies, Ltd. | Diaphragm pump and anode stream recirculation system using such pump for a fuel cell |
| US6875534B2 (en) | 2001-06-22 | 2005-04-05 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte fuel-cell separator sealing rubber composition |
| WO2005045971A1 (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-05-19 | Nitta Corporation | Separator and production method for separator |
| US7087338B2 (en) | 2002-02-28 | 2006-08-08 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte fuel-cell separator sealing rubber composition |
| JP2007018957A (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-01-25 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Cell of fuel cell, electrode membrane/electrode stack and its manufacturing method |
| DE112007000174T5 (en) | 2006-01-17 | 2008-10-30 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Toyota-shi | Fuel cell and laminate |
| US7482403B2 (en) | 2001-04-13 | 2009-01-27 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Sealing material for polymer electrolyte fuel-cell separator |
| CN113614422A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-11-05 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Electrochemical module, electrochemical device, and energy system |
-
1998
- 1998-10-30 JP JP10309653A patent/JP2000133290A/en active Pending
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