JP2000106452A - Thermal photovoltaic generation method and device for that - Google Patents
Thermal photovoltaic generation method and device for thatInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000106452A JP2000106452A JP10273653A JP27365398A JP2000106452A JP 2000106452 A JP2000106452 A JP 2000106452A JP 10273653 A JP10273653 A JP 10273653A JP 27365398 A JP27365398 A JP 27365398A JP 2000106452 A JP2000106452 A JP 2000106452A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- inner cylinder
- combustion
- heat
- exhaust gas
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、熱光起電発電方法
及びその装置に係り、特に、高効率に、かつ、連続的に
熱回収しながら光を熱励起で発生させると共に、その光
を光電変換素子を用いて電気に変換する熱光起電発電方
法及びその装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a thermophotovoltaic power generation method and apparatus, and more particularly, to a method for generating light by thermal excitation with high efficiency and continuous heat recovery, and generating the light. The present invention relates to a thermophotovoltaic power generation method for converting electricity into electricity using a photoelectric conversion element and an apparatus therefor.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】既存のエネルギー源である化石燃料の燃
焼、集光太陽光、放射性同位体等の高温熱源から発せら
れる輻射熱を、発光体（エミッター）を用いて長波長帯
の光に変換し、その光をフィルタリングした後に、バン
ドギャップの小さい半導体材料からなる光電変換セル
（ＰＶセル）に当てて電力を生じさせるＴＰＶ（Ｔｈｅ
ｒｍｏ Ｐｈｏｔｏｖｏｌｔａｉｃ）システムが挙げら
れる。2. Description of the Related Art The radiant heat generated from a high-temperature heat source such as combustion of fossil fuel, condensed sunlight, radioisotopes, etc., which is an existing energy source, is converted into light in a long wavelength band using a light emitter. After the light is filtered, the light is applied to a photoelectric conversion cell (PV cell) made of a semiconductor material having a small band gap to generate power, thereby generating a TPV (Thep).
rmo Photovoltaic) system.
【０００３】ＴＰＶシステムは、 広い波長範囲に広がったスペクトルを有する太陽光
を用いるのではなく、ＰＶセルに入射させる光を種々の
工夫を凝らすことにより加工・調整してＰＶセルを形成
する半導体材料のバンドギャップ付近の単色に近い光に
し、ＰＶセルの光電変換効率を高める（６０％以上）こ
とが可能である。[0003] The TPV system is a semiconductor material that forms and forms a PV cell by processing and adjusting the light incident on the PV cell by using various techniques instead of using sunlight having a spectrum spread over a wide wavelength range. It is possible to increase the photoelectric conversion efficiency (60% or more) of the PV cell by making the light close to a single color near the bandgap of (1).
【０００４】 熱源のパワーを高密度にすることがで
きることから、発電密度を３０〜４０ｋＷ／ｍ2 と高く
することが可能となり、また、固体素子を用いているこ
とから、発電システムの軽量化・コンパクト化を図るこ
とができる。Since the power of the heat source can be increased, the power generation density can be increased to 30 to 40 kW / m 2, and since a solid-state element is used, the weight of the power generation system can be reduced. Compactness can be achieved.
【０００５】 ガスタービンやディーゼル機関発電機
と異なりエネルギー変換部に可動部分がないため、低騒
音、かつ、低振動で、維持・管理が容易な発電器とな
る。[0005] Unlike a gas turbine or a diesel engine generator, there is no movable part in the energy conversion unit, so that the generator is low noise, low vibration, and easy to maintain and manage.
【０００６】 燃料電池のような化学反応を用いない
ため、システムを構成する材料の長寿命化が期待でき
る。Since a chemical reaction unlike a fuel cell is not used, it is expected that the material constituting the system has a longer life.
【０００７】 空気中、常圧下で使用することが可能
である。It can be used in air under normal pressure.
【０００８】という特長を有しているため、今後、様々
な用途での需要増が期待されている。[0008] Because of this feature, demand is expected to increase in various applications in the future.
【０００９】燃焼熱を利用したＴＰＶにおける従来の熱
励起発光装置としては、繊維状或いは多孔質の発光板の
表面に無数の小さな火炎を生じさせる平面バーナ、又は
発光管内の一端に設けられたバーナを燃焼させる一方向
型バーナ、或いは発光管内の両端に対向して設けられた
バーナを同時燃焼させる双方向対向型バーナを用いたも
のが挙げられる。As a conventional thermally excited light emitting device in a TPV utilizing combustion heat, a flat burner for generating an infinite number of small flames on the surface of a fibrous or porous light emitting plate, or a burner provided at one end in an arc tube. Or a two-way opposed burner that simultaneously burns burners provided opposite to both ends in the arc tube.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、ＴＰＶ
の場合、理論上のシステム効率（電力／入力熱エネルギ
ー）は３０％以上が可能であるものの、熱を光に変換す
る時（励起時）における燃焼排ガスが持ち去る熱の損失
が大きいため、発光体の加熱効率が悪く、実際のシステ
ム効率は５〜１０％未満と良好でない。このため、励起
時の熱損失を低減すべく、排ガスの熱回収を行うことで
システム効率を上げている。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, the TPV
In the case of, although the theoretical system efficiency (power / input thermal energy) can be 30% or more, since the heat lost by the combustion exhaust gas when converting heat to light (at the time of excitation) is large, the light emitting body The heating efficiency is poor, and the actual system efficiency is not good at less than 5 to 10%. Therefore, in order to reduce heat loss at the time of excitation, heat recovery of exhaust gas is performed to increase system efficiency.
【００１１】ここで、熱回収装置として対向流型の熱交
換ダクト群を備えた熱励起発光装置を用いた可搬型ＴＰ
Ｖ電源が欧米などで開発されているが、システム効率は
せいぜい１０％程度である。Here, as a heat recovery device, a portable TP using a thermally excited light emitting device having a counter-flow type heat exchange duct group.
Although V power supplies have been developed in Europe and the United States, the system efficiency is at most about 10%.
【００１２】また、ＴＰＶシステムに、大型で高価な熱
回収器を取り付けることによって熱損失を小さくし、シ
ステム効率を２０％以上とすることはできるものの、軽
量、コンパクト、安価を特長とするＴＰＶシステムを用
いた発電器としての特長を喪失してしまう。Further, by attaching a large and expensive heat recovery unit to the TPV system, the heat loss can be reduced and the system efficiency can be increased to 20% or more. However, the TPV system is characterized by being lightweight, compact and inexpensive. In this case, the characteristics of a power generator using the same are lost.
【００１３】そこで本発明は、上記課題を解決し、シス
テム効率が良好であると共に、簡易、かつ、安価な熱光
起電発電方法及びその装置を提供することにある。It is therefore an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a simple and inexpensive thermophotovoltaic power generation method and apparatus which have good system efficiency and are inexpensive.
【００１４】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に請求項１の発明は、燃焼熱により発光体層を発光さ
せ、その光を用いて光電変換素子で発電を行う熱光起電
発電方法において、燃料と燃焼用空気の供給口および燃
焼排ガスの排出口を備えた耐熱断熱材からなる外筒内
に、多孔質蓄熱材からなると共に、内面に発光体層が形
成された内筒を収容し、その内筒を外筒内で長軸を中心
に回転させると共に、上記供給口から燃料と燃焼用空気
を供給し、上記内筒の内周面で燃焼させた後、燃焼排ガ
スを回転する内筒を介して排出し、この燃焼排ガスを用
いて内筒の予熱を行うものである。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a thermo-photovoltaic power generation device which emits light from a luminous layer by combustion heat and uses the light to generate electric power by a photoelectric conversion element. In the method, an inner cylinder made of a porous heat storage material and having a luminous body layer formed on an inner surface thereof is formed in an outer cylinder made of a heat-resistant heat insulating material having a fuel and combustion air supply port and a combustion exhaust gas discharge port. The inner cylinder is rotated around the long axis in the outer cylinder, and fuel and combustion air are supplied from the supply port and burned on the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder. The exhaust gas is discharged through the inner cylinder, and the combustion exhaust gas is used to preheat the inner cylinder.
【００１５】請求項２の発明は、上記内筒の一部が上記
排出口に臨んだ後、上記供給口に臨むように、内筒を回
転させる請求項１記載の熱光起電発電方法である。The invention according to claim 2 is the thermophotovoltaic power generation method according to claim 1, wherein the inner cylinder is rotated so that a part of the inner cylinder faces the discharge port and then faces the supply port. is there.
【００１６】以上の方法によれば、内筒内部で生じた燃
焼排ガスを、内筒外部に排出する際に熱回収を行うこと
で、燃焼排ガスが持ち去る熱の損失が低減すると共に、
高効率に熱回収を行うことができるため、加熱効率が良
好となる。According to the above method, by recovering heat when the flue gas generated inside the inner cylinder is discharged to the outside of the inner cylinder, the loss of heat carried away by the flue gas is reduced, and
Since the heat recovery can be performed with high efficiency, the heating efficiency is improved.
【００１７】請求項３の発明は、耐熱断熱材からなり、
燃料と燃焼用空気の供給口および燃焼排ガスの排出口を
備えた外筒内に、多孔質蓄熱材からなると共に、内面に
発光体層が形成された内筒を回転自在に設け、その内筒
内に燃焼室を形成すると共に、その燃焼室内の少なくと
も上記供給口と対面する位置に光電変換素子を設けたも
のである。The invention according to claim 3 comprises a heat-resistant heat insulating material,
An inner cylinder made of a porous heat storage material and having a luminous body layer formed on an inner surface is rotatably provided in an outer cylinder having a fuel and combustion air supply port and a combustion exhaust gas discharge port. And a photoelectric conversion element provided at least at a position facing the supply port in the combustion chamber.
【００１８】請求項４の発明は、耐熱断熱材からなり、
複数組の燃料と燃焼用空気の供給口および燃焼排ガスの
排出口を備えた外筒内に、多孔質蓄熱材からなると共
に、内面に発光体層が形成された内筒を回転自在に設
け、その内筒内に、複数組の上記供給口および上記排出
口に対応して複数の燃焼室を区画形成すると共に、各燃
焼室内の少なくとも上記各供給口と対面する位置に光電
変換素子を設けたものである。The invention according to claim 4 comprises a heat-resistant heat insulating material,
In an outer cylinder provided with a plurality of sets of fuel and combustion air supply ports and combustion exhaust gas discharge ports, an inner cylinder formed of a porous heat storage material and having a luminous body layer formed on the inner surface is rotatably provided. In the inner cylinder, a plurality of combustion chambers were defined and formed corresponding to the plurality of sets of the supply ports and the discharge ports, and a photoelectric conversion element was provided at a position facing each of the supply ports in each combustion chamber. Things.
【００１９】請求項５の発明は、長軸を中心に上記内筒
を回転させるための回転手段を設けた請求項３又は請求
項４記載の熱光起電発電装置である。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the thermophotovoltaic power generator according to the third or fourth aspect, further comprising a rotating means for rotating the inner cylinder about a long axis.
【００２０】以上の構成によれば、熱回収装置として多
孔質蓄熱材からなる内筒を用いるのみであるため、簡
易、かつ、安価な熱光起電発電装置となる。According to the above configuration, since only the inner cylinder made of the porous heat storage material is used as the heat recovery device, a simple and inexpensive thermophotovoltaic power generation device can be obtained.
【００２１】請求項６の発明は、上記内筒内に設けられ
た冷却部材の外周面に、上記光電変換素子を設けた請求
項３又は請求項４記載の熱光起電発電装置である。According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the thermophotovoltaic power generator according to the third or fourth aspect, wherein the photoelectric conversion element is provided on an outer peripheral surface of a cooling member provided in the inner cylinder.
【００２２】請求項７の発明は、上記冷却部材の内部に
冷却空気を供給するための冷却ファンを備えた請求項６
記載の熱光起電発電装置である。The invention according to claim 7 is provided with a cooling fan for supplying cooling air to the inside of the cooling member.
It is a thermophotovoltaic power generation device of the description.
【００２３】以上の構成によれば、高温による光電変換
素子の劣化及び変換効率低下を防ぐことができる。According to the above configuration, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the photoelectric conversion element and the decrease in the conversion efficiency due to the high temperature.
【００２４】請求項８の発明は、上記冷却部材に、燃焼
によって生じた上記燃焼排ガスを上記排出口又は上記各
排出口へと導くためのガイド部材を設けた請求項６記載
の熱光起電発電装置である。According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the cooling member is provided with a guide member for guiding the combustion exhaust gas generated by combustion to the outlet or each of the outlets. It is a power generator.
【００２５】以上の構成によれば、燃焼排ガスが燃焼室
内を滞留することなく、燃焼後、蓄熱部を通過し、排出
口へと導かれるため、燃焼排ガスの熱損失が低減する。According to the above configuration, the combustion exhaust gas passes through the heat storage section after combustion and is guided to the discharge port without staying in the combustion chamber, so that the heat loss of the combustion exhaust gas is reduced.
【００２６】[0026]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明
する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
【００２７】本発明の熱光起電発電装置１０の横断面模
式図を図１に示す。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the thermophotovoltaic power generator 10 of the present invention.
【００２８】図１に示すように、本発明の熱光起電発電
装置１０は、耐熱断熱材からなり、燃料Ｆと燃焼用空気
Ａの供給口１ａおよび燃焼排ガスＧの排出口１ｂを備え
た外筒１と、その外筒１内に収容され、多孔質蓄熱材か
らなると共に、内面に発光体層（図示せず）が形成され
た内筒２と、その内筒２内部の燃焼室３内に設けられた
管状の冷却部材４と、その冷却部材４の表面における少
なくとも供給口１ａと対面する位置に設けられた光電変
換素子（以下、ＰＶセルと呼ぶ）５と、冷却部材４およ
びＰＶセル５を囲繞して設けられ、高温の燃焼排ガスＧ
によるＰＶセル５に対する熱的影響を遮断するための管
状の熱遮蔽部材７と、長軸を中心に内筒２を回転させる
ための回転手段（図示せず）と、熱遮蔽部材７に固定し
て設けられ、燃焼排ガスＧを排出口１ｂへと導くための
ガイド部材６と、冷却部材４の内部（図１中では図面に
垂直な方向）に冷却空気を供給するための冷却ファン
（図示せず）と、燃料Ｆの供給手段（図示せず）と、燃
焼用空気Ａの供給手段（図示せず）とを備えたものであ
る。As shown in FIG. 1, a thermophotovoltaic power generator 10 of the present invention is made of a heat-resistant heat insulating material, and has a supply port 1a for fuel F and combustion air A and a discharge port 1b for combustion exhaust gas G. An outer cylinder 1, an inner cylinder 2 housed in the outer cylinder 1 and made of a porous heat storage material and having a luminous body layer (not shown) formed on an inner surface thereof; and a combustion chamber 3 inside the inner cylinder 2 , A photoelectric conversion element (hereinafter referred to as a PV cell) 5 provided at a position facing at least the supply port 1 a on the surface of the cooling member 4, and the cooling members 4 and PV A high-temperature flue gas G provided around the cell 5
And a rotating means (not shown) for rotating the inner cylinder 2 about the long axis, and a heat shield member 7 fixed to the heat shield member 7. And a cooling fan (not shown) for supplying cooling air to the inside of the cooling member 4 (a direction perpendicular to the drawing in FIG. 1). ), Fuel F supply means (not shown), and combustion air A supply means (not shown).
【００２９】ここで、供給口１ａおよび排出口１ｂは外
筒１の長手方向に亘って形成されており、また、外筒１
の供給口１ａにおける内筒２側には着火装置（図示せ
ず）が設けられている。Here, the supply port 1a and the discharge port 1b are formed along the longitudinal direction of the outer cylinder 1.
An ignition device (not shown) is provided on the side of the inner cylinder 2 at the supply port 1a.
【００３０】外筒１を構成する耐熱断熱材としては特に
限定するものではないが、外筒１の内部において内筒２
が長軸を中心に回転摺動するため、少なくとも外筒１内
面は耐摩耗性に優れていることが好ましく、複合材料な
どで形成してもよい。The heat insulating material constituting the outer cylinder 1 is not particularly limited, but the inner cylinder 2
However, at least the inner surface of the outer cylinder 1 preferably has excellent wear resistance, and may be formed of a composite material or the like.
【００３１】内筒２を構成する多孔質蓄熱材としては特
に限定するものではないが、耐熱性を有し、かつ、熱容
量が大きな材料が好ましく、例えば、Ａｌ2 Ｏ3 ，Ｔｉ
3 Ａｌ，ムライト等が挙げられる。The porous heat storage material constituting the inner cylinder 2 is not particularly limited, but a material having heat resistance and a large heat capacity is preferable. For example, Al 2 O 3 , Ti
3 Al, mullite and the like.
【００３２】冷却部材４としては、その冷却効果を高め
るべく、薄肉の管体であることが好ましい。また、冷却
部材４の構成材としては特に限定するものではないが、
熱伝導率が高い材料が好ましく、例えば、銅又は銅合
金、アルミ又はアルミ合金などが挙げられる。The cooling member 4 is preferably a thin tube in order to enhance the cooling effect. Further, although the constituent material of the cooling member 4 is not particularly limited,
A material having high thermal conductivity is preferable, and examples thereof include copper or a copper alloy, aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
【００３３】発光体層は、耐熱性セラミックス中に希土
類金属を添加・分散させてなるものであり、かつ、ある
一定の波長の光のみを発する選択波長物質からなるもの
である。耐熱性セラミックスとしては特に限定するもの
ではないが、例えば、Ａｌ2Ｏ3 などが挙げられる。The luminous layer is formed by adding and dispersing a rare earth metal in a heat-resistant ceramic, and is formed of a selected wavelength substance that emits only light of a certain wavelength. The heat-resistant ceramic is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include Al 2 O 3 .
【００３４】熱遮蔽部材７としては、高温の燃焼排ガス
ＧによるＰＶセル５に対する熱的影響を遮断すべく高温
耐熱性および断熱性を有し、かつ、光透過性を有する材
料、例えば、石英ガラスやサファイアなどが挙げられ
る。The heat shielding member 7 is made of a material having high-temperature heat resistance, heat insulating properties and light transmissivity, such as quartz glass, in order to block the thermal influence of the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas G on the PV cells 5. And sapphire.
【００３５】燃料Ｆとしては特に限定するものではない
が、取扱性が良好なガス状燃料が最適であり、例えば、
ブタンを主成分とするＬＰＧなどが挙げられる。また、
燃焼用空気Ａおよび冷却空気はそれぞれ独立したもので
あってもよいが、冷却部材４内を通過し、冷却部材４と
の熱交換を終えた後の冷却空気を燃焼用空気Ａとして用
いてもよい。The fuel F is not particularly limited, but a gaseous fuel having good handleability is optimal.
LPG containing butane as a main component is exemplified. Also,
Although the combustion air A and the cooling air may be independent of each other, the cooling air that has passed through the cooling member 4 and has completed heat exchange with the cooling member 4 may be used as the combustion air A. Good.
【００３６】尚、本発明の熱光起電発電装置１０におい
ては、供給口１ａの延長方向と排出口１ｂの延長方向の
交差角度は直角となっているが、この交差角度は鋭角で
あってもよいことは言うまでもなく、供給口１ａと排出
口１ｂを近接して設けることで、発生した燃焼排ガスＧ
をすぐに熱回収に供することが可能となる。In the thermo-photovoltaic power generator 10 of the present invention, the crossing angle between the direction in which the supply port 1a extends and the direction in which the discharge port 1b extends is a right angle, but the crossing angle is an acute angle. Needless to say, by providing the supply port 1a and the discharge port 1b close to each other, the generated combustion exhaust gas G
Can be immediately subjected to heat recovery.
【００３７】次に、本発明の熱光起電発電方法について
説明する。Next, the thermophotovoltaic power generation method of the present invention will be described.
【００３８】図１に示すように、先ず、内筒２を回転さ
せる（図１中では左廻り）と共に、燃料Ｆおよび燃焼用
空気Ａを供給口１ａを介し、かつ、内筒２を通して燃焼
室３内に供給した後、着火装置を用いて点火を行い、内
筒２の内面に火炎Ｈを生じさせる。この時、内筒２が回
転しているため、火炎Ｈは、内筒２の内面に面状に形成
される。As shown in FIG. 1, first, the inner cylinder 2 is rotated (counterclockwise in FIG. 1), and at the same time, the fuel F and the combustion air A are supplied through the supply port 1a and through the inner cylinder 2 to the combustion chamber. After being supplied into the inside 3, ignition is performed using an ignition device, and a flame H is generated on the inner surface of the inner cylinder 2. At this time, since the inner cylinder 2 is rotating, the flame H is formed in a plane on the inner surface of the inner cylinder 2.
【００３９】次に、火炎Ｈの燃焼熱および燃焼排ガスＧ
によって内筒２の内面が加熱され、内筒２の内面に形成
された発光体層が発光する。その後、燃焼排ガスＧは、
ガイド部材６によって導かれ、内筒２における排出口１
ｂに臨んだ部分（以下、排出部と呼ぶ）２ｂを通り、排
出口１ｂを介して外部に排出される。この時、内筒２の
排出部２ｂにおいて、燃焼排ガスＧの熱回収がなされ、
この排出部２ｂが予熱されることになる。Next, the combustion heat of the flame H and the combustion exhaust gas G
As a result, the inner surface of the inner cylinder 2 is heated, and the luminous layer formed on the inner surface of the inner cylinder 2 emits light. After that, the flue gas G
The discharge port 1 in the inner cylinder 2 is guided by the guide member 6.
b (hereinafter, referred to as a discharge unit) 2b, and is discharged to the outside through a discharge port 1b. At this time, heat is recovered from the combustion exhaust gas G at the discharge portion 2b of the inner cylinder 2,
The discharge section 2b is preheated.
【００４０】その後、排出部２ｂは、内筒２の回転によ
り順送りされ、内筒２における供給口１ａに臨んだ部分
（以下、供給部と呼ぶ）２ａとなる。この予熱された供
給部２ａを通して燃焼室３内に供給される燃料Ｆおよび
燃焼用空気Ａは、高温状態で供給されることになるた
め、火炎Ｈの燃焼効率が良好となる。Thereafter, the discharge portion 2b is sequentially fed by the rotation of the inner cylinder 2 and becomes a portion (hereinafter, referred to as a supply portion) 2a facing the supply port 1a in the inner cylinder 2. Since the fuel F and the combustion air A supplied into the combustion chamber 3 through the preheated supply section 2a are supplied in a high temperature state, the combustion efficiency of the flame H is improved.
【００４１】また、火炎Ｈの燃焼熱および燃焼排ガスを
用いて発光体層を加熱することによって励起した光は、
光透過性を有した熱遮蔽部材７を透過し、燃焼室３内に
配置された冷却部材４の表面に設けられたＰＶセル５に
よって電気に変換され、その電気をコンバータ（図示せ
ず）を介して各種用途に用いる。The light excited by heating the luminous body layer using the combustion heat of the flame H and the combustion exhaust gas is:
The light passes through the light-shielding heat-shielding member 7 and is converted into electricity by the PV cell 5 provided on the surface of the cooling member 4 arranged in the combustion chamber 3, and the electricity is converted into a converter (not shown). Used for various applications.
【００４２】ここで、ＰＶセル５は、高温耐熱性及び断
熱性も有した熱遮蔽部材７によって囲繞されているた
め、ＰＶセル５が高温の燃焼排ガスＧに直接晒されるお
それはないと共に、冷却部材４と熱遮蔽部材７との間の
空間が高温になるおそれもない。よって、熱的影響によ
るＰＶセル５の性能劣化のおそれはない。Here, since the PV cell 5 is surrounded by the heat shielding member 7 which also has high temperature heat resistance and heat insulation, there is no possibility that the PV cell 5 is directly exposed to the high temperature combustion exhaust gas G, and the cooling is performed. There is no fear that the space between the member 4 and the heat shielding member 7 becomes hot. Therefore, there is no possibility that the performance of the PV cell 5 is deteriorated due to the thermal influence.
【００４３】また、熱光起電発電装置１０が定常動作に
なった場合における内筒２の回転は、自家電力を用いて
回転手段を作動させることによって与えられるが、熱光
起電発電装置１０が定常動作に至っていない場合（例え
ば、始動時）における内筒２の回転は、手回しによって
与えるようにしてもよい。これによって、熱光起電発電
装置１０のシステムとしての自立性が高くなるため、可
搬型電源として益々優れたものとなる。The rotation of the inner cylinder 2 when the thermo-photovoltaic power generation device 10 is in a normal operation is given by operating the rotating means using private power. The rotation of the inner cylinder 2 in a case where does not reach a steady operation (for example, at the time of starting) may be given by hand. This increases the independence of the thermo-photovoltaic power generation device 10 as a system, which makes it even more excellent as a portable power supply.
【００４４】すなわち、本発明の熱光起電発電方法によ
れば、燃焼排ガスの熱を、多孔質蓄熱材からなる内筒を
用いて高効率に回収し、その回収熱を用いて燃焼室内に
供給する燃料および燃焼用空気の予熱を連続的に行って
いるため、熱損失が大幅に減少すると共に、燃焼室内に
高温の火炎および燃焼ガスを発生させることが可能とな
る。That is, according to the thermophotovoltaic power generation method of the present invention, the heat of the combustion exhaust gas is efficiently recovered by using the inner cylinder made of the porous heat storage material, and the recovered heat is used to enter the combustion chamber. Since the preheating of the supplied fuel and the combustion air is continuously performed, the heat loss is significantly reduced, and high-temperature flame and combustion gas can be generated in the combustion chamber.
【００４５】また、燃焼室内に高温の火炎および燃焼ガ
スを発生させ、発光体層を効率良く加熱することができ
るため、従来の熱光起電発電装置と比較して、強い発光
強度を得る（加熱効率を大幅に向上させる）ことが可能
となる。Further, since a high-temperature flame and a combustion gas are generated in the combustion chamber and the luminous body layer can be efficiently heated, a strong luminous intensity is obtained as compared with the conventional thermophotovoltaic power generator ( The heating efficiency can be greatly improved).
【００４６】さらに、加熱効率が大幅に向上する結果、
光電変換後のシステム効率が２０％以上に達し、良好と
なる。Further, as a result of greatly improving the heating efficiency,
The system efficiency after photoelectric conversion reaches 20% or more, which is good.
【００４７】また更に、熱回収装置として多孔質蓄熱材
からなる内筒を用いているだけであるため、熱光起電発
電装置が簡易、かつ、安価となる。Furthermore, since only the inner cylinder made of the porous heat storage material is used as the heat recovery device, the thermophotovoltaic power generation device is simple and inexpensive.
【００４８】次に、本発明の他の実施の形態について説
明する。Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
【００４９】他の実施の形態の熱光起電発電装置２０の
横断面模式図を図２に示す。尚、図１と同様の部材には
同じ符号を付している。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermophotovoltaic power generator 20 according to another embodiment. The same members as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
【００５０】本発明の熱光起電発電装置１０は、外筒１
の供給口１ａおよび排出口１ｂが、それぞれ１個ずつ設
けられたものであった。The thermophotovoltaic power generator 10 of the present invention
In this case, one supply port 1a and one discharge port 1b were provided.
【００５１】これに対して、本実施の形態の熱光起電発
電装置２０は、耐熱断熱材からなり、燃料Ｆと燃焼用空
気Ａの供給口１１ａ，１１ａおよび燃焼排ガスＧの排出
口１１ｂ，１１ｂを備えた外筒１１と、その外筒１１内
に収容され、多孔質蓄熱材からなると共に、内面に発光
体層（図示せず）が形成された内筒２と、その内筒２内
部の燃焼室３内に設けられた管状の冷却部材４と、その
冷却部材４の表面における少なくとも供給口１１ａ，１
１ａと対面する位置に設けられたＰＶセル５，５と、冷
却部材４およびＰＶセル５，５を囲繞して設けられ、高
温の燃焼排ガスＧによるＰＶセル５，５に対する熱的影
響を遮断するための管状の熱遮蔽部材７と、長軸を中心
に内筒２を回転させるための回転手段（図示せず）と、
熱遮蔽部材７に固定して設けられ、燃焼排ガスＧを排出
口１１ｂ，１１ｂへと導くためのガイド部材６，６と、
冷却部材４の内部（図２中では図面に垂直な方向）に冷
却空気を供給するための冷却ファン（図示せず）と、燃
料Ｆの供給手段（図示せず）と、燃焼用空気Ａの供給手
段（図示せず）とを備えたものである。On the other hand, the thermophotovoltaic power generation device 20 of the present embodiment is made of a heat-resistant heat insulating material, and has supply ports 11a and 11a for the fuel F and the combustion air A and discharge ports 11b and 11b for the combustion exhaust gas G. 11b, an inner cylinder 2 housed in the outer cylinder 11, made of a porous heat storage material, and having a luminous body layer (not shown) formed on an inner surface thereof; , A tubular cooling member 4 provided in the combustion chamber 3, and at least supply ports 11a, 1
PV cell 5, 5 provided at a position facing 1a, cooling member 4 and PV cell 5, 5 are provided so as to surround the PV cell 5, 5 due to high-temperature combustion exhaust gas G. A tubular heat shielding member 7 for rotating the inner cylinder 2 around a long axis (not shown);
Guide members 6 and 6 fixed to the heat shielding member 7 for guiding the combustion exhaust gas G to the outlets 11b and 11b;
A cooling fan (not shown) for supplying cooling air to the inside of the cooling member 4 (a direction perpendicular to the drawing in FIG. 2), a supply means (not shown) for the fuel F, Supply means (not shown).
【００５２】ここで、供給口１１ａ，１１ａおよび排出
口１１ｂ，１１ｂは、外筒１１の円周方向に交互に２個
ずつ設けたものである。Here, two supply ports 11a, 11a and two discharge ports 11b, 11b are provided alternately in the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 11.
【００５３】本実施の形態においても、本発明の熱光起
電発電装置と同様の作用効果を奏することは言うまでも
なく、燃焼熱によって予熱された燃焼後の供給部２ａが
冷める間もなく、すぐに排出部２ｂに順送りされて燃焼
排ガスＧによって予熱されるため、熱損失が更に低減さ
れるという新たな作用効果を奏する。In this embodiment, it is needless to say that the same operation and effect as those of the thermophotovoltaic power generation device of the present invention can be obtained. Since the waste gas is forwarded to the portion 2b and preheated by the combustion exhaust gas G, a new operation and effect is obtained in that heat loss is further reduced.
【００５４】尚、供給口１１ａおよび排出口１１ｂの数
は特に限定するものではなく、外筒１１の円周方向に交
互に３個以上ずつ設けてもよいことは言うまでもない。The numbers of the supply ports 11a and the discharge ports 11b are not particularly limited, and it goes without saying that three or more supply ports 11a and three or more discharge ports may be provided alternately in the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 11.
【００５５】本発明においては、熱励起発光装置を発電
器として用いているが、発電器以外の用途として、輻射
加熱による工業プロセス促進などにも適用することがで
きることは言うまでもない。In the present invention, the thermally excited light emitting device is used as a power generator, but it goes without saying that the invention can be applied to applications other than the power generator, such as acceleration of an industrial process by radiant heating.
【００５６】[0056]
【発明の効果】以上要するに本発明によれば、燃焼排ガ
スの熱を、多孔質蓄熱材からなる内筒を用いて高効率に
回収し、その回収熱を用いて燃焼室内に供給する燃料お
よび燃焼用空気の予熱を行うことで、熱損失が大幅に減
少すると共に、燃焼室内に高温の火炎および燃焼ガスを
発生させることが可能となるという優れた効果を発揮す
る。In summary, according to the present invention, the heat of the combustion exhaust gas is efficiently recovered by using the inner cylinder made of a porous heat storage material, and the fuel and combustion supplied to the combustion chamber by using the recovered heat. By preheating the working air, heat loss is greatly reduced, and an excellent effect that high-temperature flame and combustion gas can be generated in the combustion chamber is exhibited.
【図１】本発明の熱光起電発電装置の横断面模式図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermophotovoltaic power generator according to the present invention.
【図２】他の実施の形態の熱光起電発電装置の横断面模
式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermophotovoltaic power generator according to another embodiment.
１，１１ 外筒 １ａ，１１ａ 供給口 １ｂ，１１ｂ 排出口 ２ 内筒 ２ａ 供給部 ２ｂ 排出部 ３ 燃焼室 ４ 冷却部材 ５ ＰＶセル（光電変換素子） ６ ガイド部材 ７ 熱遮蔽部材 １０，２０ 熱光起電発電装置 Ｆ 燃料 Ａ 燃焼用空気 Ｇ 燃焼排ガス 1,11 outer cylinder 1a, 11a supply port 1b, 11b discharge port 2 inner cylinder 2a supply section 2b discharge section 3 combustion chamber 4 cooling member 5 PV cell (photoelectric conversion element) 6 guide member 7 heat shielding member 10,20 heat light Electromotive generator F Fuel A Combustion air G Combustion exhaust gas
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 藤森 俊郎 東京都江東区豊洲三丁目１番15号 石川島 播磨重工業株式会社技術研究所内 (72)発明者 篠原 譲司 東京都江東区豊洲三丁目２番16号 石川島 播磨重工業株式会社豊洲総合事務所内 Ｆターム(参考） 5F051 BA05 JA18 JA20 Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Toshiro Fujimori 3-1-1-15 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Joji Shinohara 3-2-1, Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd. Toyosu General Office F-term (reference) 5F051 BA05 JA18 JA20
Claims (8)
光を用いて光電変換素子で発電を行う熱光起電発電方法
において、燃料と燃焼用空気の供給口および燃焼排ガス
の排出口を備えた耐熱断熱材からなる外筒内に、多孔質
蓄熱材からなると共に、内面に発光体層が形成された内
筒を収容し、その内筒を外筒内で長軸を中心に回転させ
ると共に、上記供給口から燃料と燃焼用空気を供給し、
上記内筒の内周面で燃焼させた後、燃焼排ガスを回転す
る内筒を介して排出し、この燃焼排ガスを用いて内筒の
予熱を行うことを特徴とする熱光起電発電方法。1. A thermophotovoltaic power generation method in which a luminous body layer is illuminated by combustion heat and the light is used to generate electric power by a photoelectric conversion element, wherein a supply port for fuel and combustion air and a discharge port for combustion exhaust gas are provided. An inner cylinder made of a porous heat storage material and having a luminous body layer formed on the inner surface is housed in an outer cylinder made of a heat-resistant heat insulating material provided, and the inner cylinder is rotated about a long axis in the outer cylinder. Along with supplying fuel and combustion air from the supply port,
A thermophotovoltaic power generation method, characterized in that after burning on the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder, the exhaust gas is discharged through a rotating inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder is preheated using the combustion exhaust gas.
後、上記供給口に臨むように、内筒を回転させる請求項
１記載の熱光起電発電方法。2. The thermophotovoltaic power generation method according to claim 1, wherein the inner cylinder is rotated so as to face the supply port after a part of the inner cylinder faces the discharge port.
の供給口および燃焼排ガスの排出口を備えた外筒内に、
多孔質蓄熱材からなると共に、内面に発光体層が形成さ
れた内筒を回転自在に設け、その内筒内に燃焼室を形成
すると共に、その燃焼室内の少なくとも上記供給口と対
面する位置に光電変換素子を設けたことを特徴とする熱
光起電発電装置。3. An outer cylinder made of a heat-resistant heat insulating material and provided with a fuel and combustion air supply port and a combustion exhaust gas discharge port.
A rotatable inner cylinder made of a porous heat storage material and having a luminous body layer formed on the inner surface, and a combustion chamber formed in the inner cylinder, and at least a position facing the supply port in the combustion chamber. A thermo-photovoltaic power generation device provided with a photoelectric conversion element.
焼用空気の供給口および燃焼排ガスの排出口を備えた外
筒内に、多孔質蓄熱材からなると共に、内面に発光体層
が形成された内筒を回転自在に設け、その内筒内に、複
数組の上記供給口および上記排出口に対応して複数の燃
焼室を区画形成すると共に、各燃焼室内の少なくとも上
記各供給口と対面する位置に光電変換素子を設けたこと
を特徴とする熱光起電発電装置。4. An outer cylinder made of a heat-resistant heat insulating material and provided with a plurality of sets of fuel and combustion air supply ports and combustion exhaust gas discharge ports, is made of a porous heat storage material, and has a luminous body layer on the inner surface. The formed inner cylinder is provided rotatably, and a plurality of combustion chambers are defined and formed in the inner cylinder corresponding to the plurality of sets of the supply ports and the discharge ports, and at least the supply ports in each combustion chamber are defined. Characterized in that a photoelectric conversion element is provided at a position facing the photovoltaic power generation device.
の回転手段を設けた請求項３又は請求項４記載の熱光起
電発電装置。5. The thermophotovoltaic power generator according to claim 3, wherein a rotating means for rotating the inner cylinder about a long axis is provided.
面に、上記光電変換素子を設けた請求項３又は請求項４
記載の熱光起電発電装置。6. The photoelectric conversion element according to claim 3, wherein the photoelectric conversion element is provided on an outer peripheral surface of a cooling member provided in the inner cylinder.
The thermo-photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1.
るための冷却ファンを備えた請求項６記載の熱光起電発
電装置。7. The thermophotovoltaic power generator according to claim 6, further comprising a cooling fan for supplying cooling air to the inside of the cooling member.
記燃焼排ガスを上記排出口又は上記各排出口へと導くた
めのガイド部材を設けた請求項６記載の熱光起電発電装
置。8. The thermophotovoltaic power generator according to claim 6, wherein the cooling member is provided with a guide member for guiding the combustion exhaust gas generated by combustion to the outlet or each of the outlets.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10273653A JP2000106452A (en) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Thermal photovoltaic generation method and device for that |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10273653A JP2000106452A (en) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Thermal photovoltaic generation method and device for that |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000106452A true JP2000106452A (en) | 2000-04-11 |
Family
ID=17530694
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10273653A Pending JP2000106452A (en) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Thermal photovoltaic generation method and device for that |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002315371A (en) * | 2001-04-13 | 2002-10-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | Thermal-optical power generator |
| US6888059B2 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2005-05-03 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Photothermal power generation device and method |
| US7045703B2 (en) | 2001-04-23 | 2006-05-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Thermophotovoltaic power generating apparatus |
| US7060891B2 (en) | 2002-08-01 | 2006-06-13 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Thermophotovoltaic generator apparatus |
| WO2015098025A1 (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-02 | 日本電気株式会社 | Thermovoltaic power generation apparatus and thermovoltaic power generation method |
| WO2018208025A1 (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-15 | 주식회사 아모센스 | Thermo-photovoltaic device |
-
1998
- 1998-09-28 JP JP10273653A patent/JP2000106452A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002315371A (en) * | 2001-04-13 | 2002-10-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | Thermal-optical power generator |
| JP4710161B2 (en) * | 2001-04-13 | 2011-06-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Thermolight generator |
| US7045703B2 (en) | 2001-04-23 | 2006-05-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Thermophotovoltaic power generating apparatus |
| US6888059B2 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2005-05-03 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Photothermal power generation device and method |
| US7060891B2 (en) | 2002-08-01 | 2006-06-13 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Thermophotovoltaic generator apparatus |
| WO2015098025A1 (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-02 | 日本電気株式会社 | Thermovoltaic power generation apparatus and thermovoltaic power generation method |
| WO2018208025A1 (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-15 | 주식회사 아모센스 | Thermo-photovoltaic device |
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