JP2000104750A - Universal joint - Google Patents
Universal jointInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000104750A JP2000104750A JP10290117A JP29011798A JP2000104750A JP 2000104750 A JP2000104750 A JP 2000104750A JP 10290117 A JP10290117 A JP 10290117A JP 29011798 A JP29011798 A JP 29011798A JP 2000104750 A JP2000104750 A JP 2000104750A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- diameter portion
- shaft
- universal joint
- small diameter
- length
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
- F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
- F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
- F16D3/382—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another constructional details of other than the intermediate member
- F16D3/385—Bearing cup; Bearing construction; Bearing seal; Mounting of bearing on the intermediate member
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C21/00—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C21/005—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement the external zone of a bearing with rolling members, e.g. needles, being cup-shaped, with or without a separate thrust-bearing disc or ring, e.g. for universal joints
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
- F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
- F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
- F16D3/40—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes
- F16D3/41—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes with ball or roller bearings
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、自動車のステア
リングジョイントとして用いられる自在継手に関する。The present invention relates to a universal joint used as a steering joint of an automobile.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】実公平７−２４６６１号公報には、自在
継手を構成する一対のヨーク間を連結するスパイダーを
ヨークの軸受穴に軸受カップを利用して支持している自
在継手が開示されている。この自在継手では、スパイダ
ーのセンター穴にスラストピースを挿入し、このスラス
トピースをセンター穴の底と軸受カップの底との間に挟
んで、このスラストピースの小径部を圧縮塑性変形させ
る。これにより、スパイダーを軸受穴内でスラスト方向
に保持することができる。2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Hei 7-24661 discloses a universal joint in which a spider for connecting a pair of yokes constituting a universal joint is supported in a bearing hole of the yoke by using a bearing cup. I have. In this universal joint, a thrust piece is inserted into a center hole of a spider, the thrust piece is sandwiched between the bottom of the center hole and the bottom of a bearing cup, and a small diameter portion of the thrust piece is compression-plastically deformed. Thus, the spider can be held in the thrust direction in the bearing hole.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記の自在継
手では、組立後にスラストピースの小径部の剛性によっ
てステアリングジョイント等としての性能が大きく変化
し、その性能を十分に制御できない場合があった。However, in the above-mentioned universal joint, the performance as a steering joint or the like greatly changes due to the rigidity of the small diameter portion of the thrust piece after assembly, and the performance may not be sufficiently controlled.
【０００４】例えば、スラストピースの小径部の剛性が
大きい場合、自在継手の折り曲げトルクが大となり、ス
テアリングジョイントとして使用する場合、ハンドルの
戻りが悪くなることがあった。甚だしい場合、軸受カッ
プ底が割れることもあった。For example, when the rigidity of the small diameter portion of the thrust piece is large, the bending torque of the universal joint becomes large, and when the thrust piece is used as a steering joint, the return of the steering wheel sometimes becomes poor. In severe cases, the bottom of the bearing cup was sometimes broken.
【０００５】一方、スラストピースの小径部の剛性が小
さい場合、スラストピースがスパイダー軸方向荷重によ
り変形し、スパイダー軸方向にガタが発生することがあ
った。この結果、シール性が低下し、軸受に水が侵入す
ることもあった。[0005] On the other hand, when the rigidity of the small diameter portion of the thrust piece is low, the thrust piece may be deformed by the load in the spider axial direction, and play may occur in the spider axial direction. As a result, the sealing performance deteriorated, and water sometimes entered the bearing.
【０００６】そこで、この発明は、スパイダー軸方向に
ガタが発生せず、折り曲げトルクの小さい自在継手を提
供することを目的する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a universal joint that does not generate backlash in the spider axial direction and has a small bending torque.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するた
め、本発明の自在継手は、対向するアームの軸受穴にそ
れぞれ嵌合させたカップ形の軸受により十字軸の両端の
軸径部を軸方向の回りに回転可能に支持するとともに、
前記十字軸の軸心に軸径部の端面に開口する有底の軸方
向穴を設け、該軸方向穴に前記軸径部の端面より突出す
る合成樹脂製のピンを嵌合させ、該ピンの端部を前記軸
受のカップ底に係合させることにより該ピンに塑性変形
を生じさせて前記十字軸の両端の軸径部を軸方向に関し
て保持する自在継手であって、前記ピンが、軸方向に垂
直な面に関して対象形で、前記軸方向穴の内面に沿って
軸方向に滑動自在な大径部を小径部の両端に有し、か
つ、該大径部より外方に先細りとなる突部を有するとと
もに、該突部を前記軸受のカップ底に係合させ、前記ピ
ンの材料が、ポリアセタール樹脂及びポリアミド樹脂の
いずれかであり、前記ピンの小径部の長さが２．５〜
３．３ｍｍ未満である場合、小径部の断面積と小径部の
長さとの比が１．７〜２．４であり、前記ピンの小径部
の長さが３．３〜４．１ｍｍである場合、小径部の断面
積と小径部の長さとの比が１．５〜２．２であることを
特徴とする。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a universal joint according to the present invention is characterized in that cup-shaped bearings respectively fitted into bearing holes of opposed arms are used to adjust the shaft diameter portions at both ends of a cross shaft. While supporting rotatably around the direction,
A bottomed axial hole is provided at the shaft center of the cross shaft, and the bottom of the shaft hole is open at the end surface of the shaft diameter portion. A synthetic resin pin projecting from the end surface of the shaft diameter portion is fitted into the axial hole, and A universal joint that causes the pin to be plastically deformed by engaging the end of the pin with the cup bottom of the bearing to hold the shaft diameter portions at both ends of the cross shaft in the axial direction, wherein the pin is a shaft. Symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the direction, having large diameter portions slidable in the axial direction along the inner surface of the axial hole at both ends of the small diameter portion, and tapering outward from the large diameter portion. With the projection, the projection is engaged with the bottom of the cup of the bearing, and the material of the pin is any one of polyacetal resin and polyamide resin, and the length of the small diameter portion of the pin is 2.5 to
When it is less than 3.3 mm, the ratio between the cross-sectional area of the small diameter portion and the length of the small diameter portion is 1.7 to 2.4, and the length of the small diameter portion of the pin is 3.3 to 4.1 mm. In this case, the ratio between the cross-sectional area of the small diameter portion and the length of the small diameter portion is 1.5 to 2.2.
【０００８】上記の自在継手では、前記ピンが、軸方向
に垂直な面に関して対象形で、前記軸方向穴の内面に沿
って軸方向に滑動自在な大径部を小径部の両端に有し、
かつ、該大径部より外方に先細りとなる突部を有すると
ともに、該突部を前記軸受のカップ底に係合させ、前記
ピンの材料が、ポリアセタール樹脂及びポリアミド樹脂
のいずれかであり、前記ピンの小径部の長さが２．５〜
３．３ｍｍ未満である場合、小径部の断面積と小径部の
長さとの比が１．７〜２．４であり、前記ピンの小径部
の長さが３．３〜４．１ｍｍである場合、小径部の断面
積と小径部の長さとの比が１．５〜２．２であるので、
ピンの小径部の剛性が適切に調整される。よって、十字
軸方向にガタが発生せず、しかも折り曲げトルクの小さ
い自在継手を提供することができる。[0008] In the above universal joint, the pin has a large diameter portion slidable in the axial direction along the inner surface of the axial hole at both ends of the small diameter portion, symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axial direction. ,
And, having a projection that tapers outward from the large diameter portion, the projection is engaged with the cup bottom of the bearing, and the material of the pin is one of a polyacetal resin and a polyamide resin, The length of the small diameter portion of the pin is 2.5 to
When it is less than 3.3 mm, the ratio between the cross-sectional area of the small diameter portion and the length of the small diameter portion is 1.7 to 2.4, and the length of the small diameter portion of the pin is 3.3 to 4.1 mm. In this case, since the ratio between the cross-sectional area of the small diameter portion and the length of the small diameter portion is 1.5 to 2.2,
The rigidity of the small diameter portion of the pin is appropriately adjusted. Therefore, it is possible to provide a universal joint that does not generate backlash in the cross-axis direction and has a small bending torque.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】〔第１実施形態〕図１は、第１実
施形態の自在継手の構造を説明する部分断面図である。
図示の自在継手は、車両のステアリング装置を構成する
ステアリングシャフトを連結するためのものであり、一
対のヨーク２、４を接続した構造を有している。ヨーク
２から延びるシャフト１は、ハンドル側に接続され、ヨ
ーク４から延びるシャフト５は、車輪側に接続されてい
る。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view illustrating the structure of a universal joint according to a first embodiment.
The illustrated universal joint is for connecting a steering shaft constituting a steering device of a vehicle, and has a structure in which a pair of yokes 2 and 4 are connected. The shaft 1 extending from the yoke 2 is connected to the handle, and the shaft 5 extending from the yoke 4 is connected to the wheel.
【００１０】一方のヨーク２は、スパイダー６を介して
他方のヨーク４に連結されている。一方のヨーク２は、
ボルト締めタイプで、シャフト１に嵌合する基部２１と
スパイダー６に連結するための２股のフォーク部２２と
を板金のプレス成形によって一体製造した構造となって
いる。他方のヨーク４は、溶接固定タイプで、シャフト
５に嵌合する基部４１とスパイダー６に連結するための
２股のフォーク部４２とを冷間鍛造によって一体製造し
た構造となっている。One yoke 2 is connected to the other yoke 4 via a spider 6. One yoke 2
It is of a bolted type, and has a structure in which a base 21 fitted to the shaft 1 and a forked portion 22 for connecting to the spider 6 are integrally manufactured by press molding of a sheet metal. The other yoke 4 is of a welding fixed type, and has a structure in which a base 41 fitted to the shaft 5 and a forked portion 42 for connecting to the spider 6 are integrally manufactured by cold forging.
【００１１】フォーク部２２は、基部２１の対向位置か
らシャフト軸方向に延びる一対のアーム２２ａ、２２ｂ
からなる。各アーム２２ａ、２２ｂの先端部の対向位置
には、ベアリングを保持するための軸受穴２２ｃが貫設
されている。基部２１には、一対のタブ２１ａ、２１ｂ
によって、シャフト１の形状に対応した断面略Ｕ字形状
のＵ字状溝２１ｃが形成されている。一方のタブ２１ａ
には、ナット孔２１ｄが形成され、このナット孔２１ｄ
に、ナット１１が圧入固定されている。他方のタブ２１
ｂには、ボルト孔２１ｅが形成され、このボルト孔２１
ｅには、ボルト（図示を省略）が挿入され、ナット１１
に締結される。The fork portion 22 includes a pair of arms 22a and 22b extending in a shaft axis direction from a position facing the base portion 21.
Consists of A bearing hole 22c for holding a bearing is formed through the arm 22a, 22b at a position facing the tip of the arm 22a, 22b. The base 21 has a pair of tabs 21a, 21b.
Thereby, a U-shaped groove 21c having a substantially U-shaped cross section corresponding to the shape of the shaft 1 is formed. One tab 21a
Is formed with a nut hole 21d.
, A nut 11 is press-fitted and fixed. The other tab 21
b, a bolt hole 21e is formed.
A bolt (not shown) is inserted into e, and nut 11 is inserted.
Is concluded.
【００１２】フォーク部４２も、基部４１の対向位置か
らシャフト軸方向に延びる一対のアーム４２ａ、４２ｂ
からなる。各アーム４２ａ、４２ｂの先端部の対向位置
には、ベアリングを保持するための軸受穴４２ｃが貫設
されている。基部４１には、軸方向に延びる貫通穴４１
ｃが形成されており、この貫通穴４１ｃにはシャフト５
が嵌合して溶接固定される。The fork portion 42 also has a pair of arms 42a, 42b extending in the shaft axis direction from a position facing the base portion 41.
Consists of A bearing hole 42c for holding a bearing is formed through the arm 42a, 42b at a position facing the distal end of the arm 42a, 42b. The base 41 has a through hole 41 extending in the axial direction.
c is formed in the through hole 41c.
Are fitted and fixed by welding.
【００１３】図２は、スパイダー６の構造を説明するた
めの図であり、図１のＡ−Ａ矢視断面を示す。スパイダ
ー６は、本体６０の周囲に、４方に延びる円筒状の軸径
部６１、６１、６２、６２を備える。一対の対向する軸
径部６１、６１は、図１のアーム２２ａ、２２ｂの軸受
穴２２ｃに挿入され、カップ形の軸受７によりその軸方
向の回りに回転可能に支持される。また、一対の対向す
る軸径部６２、６２は、図１のアーム４２ａ、４２ｂの
軸受穴４２ｃに挿入され、カップ形の軸受１０７により
その軸方向の回りに回転可能に支持される。なお、軸径
部６１、６１、６２、６２の端面には、これらの端面で
開口する有底の軸方向穴６５をそれぞれ設けてある。FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the structure of the spider 6, and shows a cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. The spider 6 includes cylindrical shaft diameter portions 61, 61, 62, 62 extending in four directions around a main body 60. The pair of opposed shaft diameter portions 61, 61 are inserted into bearing holes 22c of the arms 22a, 22b in FIG. 1, and are supported by the cup-shaped bearing 7 so as to be rotatable around their axial directions. The pair of opposed shaft diameter portions 62, 62 are inserted into bearing holes 42c of the arms 42a, 42b in FIG. 1, and are supported by a cup-shaped bearing 107 so as to be rotatable around their axial directions. The end faces of the shaft diameter portions 61, 61, 62, and 62 are provided with bottomed axial holes 65 that open at these end faces.
【００１４】図１に戻って、アーム２２ａの軸受穴２２
ｃは、スパイダー６の軸径部６１の周囲にニードルベア
リング７３が配置された状態で軸受カップ７１によって
封止されている。軸受カップ７１は、軸受穴２２ｃに圧
入されその外側縁部分でカシメによってアーム２２ａに
固定されている。軸受カップ７１の内側の端部は、シー
ルリング７５に接している。このシールリング７５は、
軸受カップ７１と本体６０との間に挟まれて軸受７を封
止する。Returning to FIG. 1, the bearing hole 22 of the arm 22a is
c is sealed by the bearing cup 71 in a state where the needle bearing 73 is arranged around the shaft diameter portion 61 of the spider 6. The bearing cup 71 is press-fitted into the bearing hole 22c, and is fixed to the arm 22a by caulking at an outer edge portion thereof. The inner end of the bearing cup 71 is in contact with the seal ring 75. This seal ring 75
The bearing 7 is sealed between the bearing cup 71 and the main body 60.
【００１５】軸径部６１の端面に形成された軸方向穴６
５には、合成樹脂製のピンであるスラストピース８がは
め込まれている。このスラストピース８が軸方向穴６５
に挿入された状態では、スラストピース８の端部が軸径
部６１の端面から突出するとともに、軸受カップ７１の
底面に係合する。軸受カップ７１を圧入する際、スラス
トピース８に圧縮弾塑性変形を生じさせるので、スパイ
ダー６の両端の軸径部６１、６１に軸方向の中心に向か
う予圧が付与され、アーム２２ａ、２２ｂに挟まれたス
パイダー６を軸方向の所定位置に保持することができ
る。An axial hole 6 formed in the end face of the shaft diameter portion 61
5 is fitted with a thrust piece 8 which is a pin made of synthetic resin. This thrust piece 8 has an axial hole 65.
In this state, the end of the thrust piece 8 protrudes from the end face of the shaft diameter part 61 and engages with the bottom surface of the bearing cup 71. When the bearing cup 71 is press-fitted, the thrust piece 8 undergoes compression-elasto-plastic deformation, so that a preload toward the center in the axial direction is applied to the shaft diameter portions 61, 61 at both ends of the spider 6, and the thrust piece 8 is sandwiched between the arms 22a, 22b. The spider 6 can be held at a predetermined position in the axial direction.
【００１６】なお、詳細な説明は省略するが、アーム２
２ｂの軸受７も、アーム２２ａの軸受７と同一構造を有
し、アーム４２ａ、４２ｂの軸受１０７も、アーム２２
ａの軸受７と同様の構造を有する。Although detailed description is omitted, the arm 2
The bearing 7 of the arm 2a has the same structure as the bearing 7 of the arm 22a.
It has the same structure as the bearing 7 of FIG.
【００１７】図３は、図１の自在継手に組み込まれるス
ラストピース８の構造を説明する図であり、図４は、図
３のスラストピース８のＢ−Ｂ矢視断面を示す。スラス
トピース８は、ポリアセタール樹脂製又はポリアミド樹
脂製であり、軸方向中央に円形断面の小径部８１を備
え、その両端に大径部８２、８２を備える。この大径部
８２の外側には、先細りの円錐面からなる突部８２ａが
形成されている。また、大径部８２、８２の外側面に
は、４本の軸方向に延びる突条８３が形成されている。
各突条８３の軸方向外端は、大径部８２の外周面端部の
縁から若干内方に引き込まれている。また、各突条８３
の軸方向内端は、大径部８２の小径部８１側に形成され
た段差面に沿って小径部８１の外周位置まで半径方向に
延びている。大径部８２は、スパイダー６の軸方向穴６
５の内径よりも若干小さい外径を有し、スラストピース
８を軸方向穴６５に挿入すると、突条８３の外側面が軸
方向穴６の内面に係合してスラストピース８が軸方向穴
６５に保持されるが、この際スラストピース８は、軸方
向穴６の内面に沿って軸方向に滑動自在になっている。
図示の実施形態では、スラストピース８は、軸方向に垂
直な所定面に関して対称となっており、どちらの大径部
８２、８２から軸方向穴６５に挿入しても、同じ位置関
係が保たれるようになっている。FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the structure of the thrust piece 8 incorporated in the universal joint of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the thrust piece 8 of FIG. The thrust piece 8 is made of a polyacetal resin or a polyamide resin, has a small-diameter portion 81 having a circular cross section at the center in the axial direction, and has large-diameter portions 82 at both ends. Outside the large diameter portion 82, a projection 82a formed of a tapered conical surface is formed. Further, four axially extending ridges 83 are formed on the outer surfaces of the large diameter portions 82, 82.
The axially outer end of each ridge 83 is drawn slightly inward from the edge of the outer peripheral end of the large diameter portion 82. In addition, each ridge 83
The inner end in the axial direction extends radially to the outer peripheral position of the small diameter portion 81 along a step surface formed on the small diameter portion 81 side of the large diameter portion 82. The large diameter portion 82 is formed in the axial hole 6 of the spider 6.
When the thrust piece 8 is inserted into the axial hole 65, the outer surface of the ridge 83 engages with the inner surface of the axial hole 6 so that the thrust piece 8 is inserted into the axial hole. At this time, the thrust piece 8 is slidable in the axial direction along the inner surface of the axial hole 6.
In the illustrated embodiment, the thrust piece 8 is symmetrical with respect to a predetermined plane perpendicular to the axial direction, and the same positional relationship is maintained regardless of which of the large-diameter portions 82, 82 is inserted into the axial hole 65. It is supposed to be.
【００１８】以下、スラストピース８の具体的実施例に
ついて説明する。スラストピース８の小径部８１の長さ
Ｅは、３．３〜４．１ｍｍ（すなわち３．３ｍｍ以上
４．１ｍｍ以下）とした。また、小径部８１の断面積Ｓ
は、小径部８１の長さＥに対する小径部８１の断面積Ｓ
の比Ｓ／Ｅが１．５〜２．２となるようにした。Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the thrust piece 8 will be described. The length E of the small diameter portion 81 of the thrust piece 8 was set to 3.3 to 4.1 mm (that is, 3.3 mm or more and 4.1 mm or less). Also, the cross-sectional area S of the small diameter portion 81
Is the sectional area S of the small diameter portion 81 with respect to the length E of the small diameter portion 81.
The ratio S / E was set to be 1.5 to 2.2.
【００１９】図５は、スラストピース８の長さＬの圧縮
量である変位ΔＬと、スラストピース８の軸方向に加わ
る圧縮荷重との関係を示すグラフである。ここで、範囲
Ｒは、部品精度、組立精度等によって定まるスラストピ
ース８の圧縮範囲である。なお、縦軸において、値Ｗ１
はステアリングジョイントとして使用する場合に要求さ
れる最小限のスラスト荷重であり、値Ｗ２は折り曲げト
ルクが大となってハンドルの戻りが悪くならない範囲の
最大荷重である。グラフからも明らかなように、折り曲
げトルクが小さく、軸方向ガタが発生せず、シール性が
良好である自在継手が得られることが分かる。FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the displacement ΔL, which is the amount of compression of the length L of the thrust piece 8, and the compression load applied to the thrust piece 8 in the axial direction. Here, the range R is a compression range of the thrust piece 8 determined by component accuracy, assembly accuracy, and the like. Note that, on the vertical axis, the value W1
Is the minimum thrust load required when used as a steering joint, and the value W2 is the maximum load within a range where the bending torque does not increase and the return of the steering wheel does not deteriorate. As is clear from the graph, it can be seen that a universal joint having a small bending torque, no play in the axial direction, and a good sealing property can be obtained.
【００２０】〔第２実施形態〕以下、第２実施形態の自
在継手について説明する。第２実施形態の自在継手は、
第１実施形態の自在継手の変形例であり、同一部分には
同一の符号を付して重複説明を省略する。[Second Embodiment] Hereinafter, a universal joint according to a second embodiment will be described. The universal joint of the second embodiment includes:
This is a modified example of the universal joint of the first embodiment, and the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description will be omitted.
【００２１】図６は、第２実施形態の自在継手の構造を
説明する部分断面図である。第２実施形態の自在継手で
は、スラストピース２０８の形状が第１実施形態のもの
と異なる。FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view illustrating the structure of the universal joint according to the second embodiment. In the universal joint of the second embodiment, the shape of the thrust piece 208 is different from that of the first embodiment.
【００２２】図７は、スラストピース２０８の構造を説
明する図であり、図８は、図７のスラストピース２０８
のＣ−Ｃ矢視断面を示す。スラストピース２０８は、ポ
リアセタール樹脂製又はポリアミド樹脂製であり、軸方
向中央に小径部２８１を備え、その両端に大径部２８
２、２８２を備える。この大径部２８２の外側には、先
細りの円錐面からなる突部２８２ａが形成されている。
大径部２８２は、スパイダー６の軸方向穴６５の内径に
ほぼ等しいが僅かに大きな外径を有する。したがって、
スラストピース２０８を軸方向穴６５に挿入すると、ス
ラストピース２０８は、軸方向穴６５に保持されるが、
軸方向穴６５の内面に沿って軸方向に滑動自在になって
いる。FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the structure of the thrust piece 208, and FIG.
2 shows a cross section taken along line CC of FIG. The thrust piece 208 is made of a polyacetal resin or a polyamide resin, has a small diameter portion 281 at the center in the axial direction, and has a large diameter portion 28 at both ends.
2,282. Outside the large diameter portion 282, a projection 282a formed of a tapered conical surface is formed.
The large diameter portion 282 has an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the axial hole 65 of the spider 6 but slightly larger. Therefore,
When the thrust piece 208 is inserted into the axial hole 65, the thrust piece 208 is retained in the axial hole 65,
It is slidable in the axial direction along the inner surface of the axial hole 65.
【００２３】第２実施形態の自在継手でも、図５と同様
の特性が得られた。つまり、スラストピース２０８に適
正な圧縮応力が作用するので、折り曲げトルクが小さ
く、軸方向ガタが発生せず、シール性が良好である自在
継手が得られた。With the universal joint of the second embodiment, the same characteristics as in FIG. 5 were obtained. That is, since an appropriate compressive stress acts on the thrust piece 208, a universal joint having a small bending torque, no play in the axial direction, and a good sealing property is obtained.
【００２４】〔第３実施形態〕以下、第３実施形態の自
在継手について説明する。第３実施形態の自在継手も、
第１実施形態の自在継手の変形例である。Third Embodiment A universal joint according to a third embodiment will be described below. The universal joint of the third embodiment also
It is a modification of the universal joint of the first embodiment.
【００２５】図９は、第３実施形態の自在継手の構造を
説明する部分断面図である。第３実施形態の自在継手で
は、スラストピース３０８の形状と軸方向穴３６５の形
状とが第１実施形態のものと異なる。FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view illustrating the structure of the universal joint according to the third embodiment. In the universal joint of the third embodiment, the shape of the thrust piece 308 and the shape of the axial hole 365 are different from those of the first embodiment.
【００２６】図１０は、スラストピース３０８の構造を
説明する図であり、図１１は、図１０のスラストピース
３０８のＤ−Ｄ矢視断面を示す。スラストピース３０８
は、ポリアセタール樹脂製又はポリアミド樹脂製であ
り、軸方向中央に小径部３８１を備え、その両端に大径
部３８２、３８２を備える。この大径部３８２の外側に
は、先細りの円錐面からなる突部３８２ａが形成されて
いる。大径部３８２、３８２と小径部３８１との外側面
には、軸方向に延びる４本の突条３８３が形成されてい
る。大径部３８２は、スパイダー６の軸方向穴３６５の
内径よりも若干小さい外径を有し、スラストピース３０
８を軸方向穴３６５に挿入すると、突条３８３の外側面
が軸方向穴３０６の内面に係合し、スラストピース３０
８は、軸方向穴３６５に保持されるが、軸方向穴３０６
の内面に沿って軸方向に滑動自在になっている。FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the structure of the thrust piece 308. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the thrust piece 308 of FIG. Thrust piece 308
Is made of polyacetal resin or polyamide resin, has a small-diameter portion 381 at the center in the axial direction, and has large-diameter portions 382, 382 at both ends. Outside the large diameter portion 382, a projection 382a formed of a tapered conical surface is formed. Four projecting ridges 383 extending in the axial direction are formed on the outer surfaces of the large diameter portions 382, 382 and the small diameter portion 381. The large diameter portion 382 has an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the axial hole 365 of the spider 6, and
8 is inserted into the axial hole 365, the outer surface of the ridge 383 engages with the inner surface of the axial hole 306, and the thrust piece 30
8 is held in the axial hole 365,
Is slidable in the axial direction along the inner surface.
【００２７】以下、スラストピース３０８の具体的実施
例について説明する。スラストピース３０８の小径部３
８１の長さＥ’は、２．５〜３．３ｍｍ未満（すなわち
２．５ｍｍ以上３．３ｍｍ未満）とした。また、小径部
３８１の断面積Ｓ（突条３８３を含む）は、小径部３８
１の長さＥ’に対する小径部８１の断面積Ｓ’の比Ｓ’
／Ｅ’が１．７〜２．４となるようにした。結果的に
は、第３実施形態の自在継手でも、図５と同様の特性が
得られた。つまり、折り曲げトルクが小さく、軸方向ガ
タが発生せず、シール性が良好である自在継手が得られ
た。Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the thrust piece 308 will be described. Small diameter part 3 of thrust piece 308
The length E ′ of 81 was 2.5 to less than 3.3 mm (that is, 2.5 mm or more and less than 3.3 mm). The sectional area S (including the ridge 383) of the small diameter portion 381 is
The ratio S ′ of the sectional area S ′ of the small diameter portion 81 to the length E ′ of 1
/ E 'was adjusted to be 1.7 to 2.4. As a result, the universal joint of the third embodiment also obtained the same characteristics as those in FIG. That is, a universal joint having a small bending torque, no play in the axial direction, and a good sealing property was obtained.
【００２８】〔第４実施形態〕以下、第４実施形態の自
在継手について説明する。第４実施形態の自在継手は、
第１実施形態や第２実施形態の自在継手の変形例であ
る。第４実施形態の自在継手では、スラストピース４０
８の形状が第１実施形態のものと異なる。[Fourth Embodiment] Hereinafter, a universal joint according to a fourth embodiment will be described. The universal joint according to the fourth embodiment includes:
It is a modification of the universal joint of the first embodiment or the second embodiment. In the universal joint of the fourth embodiment, the thrust piece 40
8 is different from that of the first embodiment.
【００２９】図１２は、スラストピース４０８の構造を
説明する図であり、図１３は、図１２のスラストピース
４０８のＦ−Ｆ矢視断面を示す。スラストピース４０８
は、ポリアセタール樹脂製又はポリアミド樹脂製であ
り、軸方向中央に略四角柱状の小径部４８１を備え、そ
の両端に大径部４８２、４８２を備える。この大径部４
８２の外側には、先細りの円錐面からなる突部４８２ａ
が形成されている。各大径部４８２、４８２の外側面に
は、軸方向に延びる４本の突条４８３が形成されてい
る。各突条４８３の軸方向内端は、大径部４８２の小径
部４８１側に形成された段差面に沿って小径部４８１の
外周位置まで半径方向に延びている。スラストピース４
０８をスパイダーの軸方向穴に挿入すると、突条４８３
の外側面が軸方向穴の内面に係合してスラストピース４
０８が軸方向穴に滑動自在に保持される。FIG. 12 is a view for explaining the structure of the thrust piece 408, and FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the thrust piece 408 of FIG. Thrust piece 408
Is made of a polyacetal resin or a polyamide resin, has a substantially quadrangular prism-shaped small-diameter portion 481 at the center in the axial direction, and has large-diameter portions 482 and 482 at both ends. This large diameter part 4
82, a projection 482a formed of a tapered conical surface
Are formed. Four protrusions 483 extending in the axial direction are formed on the outer surface of each of the large-diameter portions 482, 482. The inner end in the axial direction of each protrusion 483 extends radially to the outer peripheral position of the small-diameter portion 481 along a step surface formed on the small-diameter portion 481 side of the large-diameter portion 482. Thrust piece 4
08 into the axial hole of the spider,
The outer surface of the thrust piece 4 is engaged with the inner surface of the axial hole.
08 is slidably held in the axial hole.
【００３０】図１２及び図１３に示すスラストピース４
０８を組み込んだ第４実施形態の自在継手でも、図５と
同様の特性が得られた。つまり、スラストピース４０８
に適正な圧縮応力が作用するので、折り曲げトルクが小
さく、軸方向ガタが発生せず、シール性が良好である自
在継手が得られた。The thrust piece 4 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13
In the universal joint of the fourth embodiment incorporating the 08, the same characteristics as those in FIG. 5 were obtained. That is, the thrust piece 408
Since an appropriate compressive stress is applied to the universal joint, a universal joint having a small bending torque, no play in the axial direction, and a good sealing property is obtained.
【００３１】[0031]
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明
の自在継手によれば、前記ピンの材料が、ポリアセター
ル樹脂及びポリアミド樹脂のいずれかであり、前記ピン
の小径部の長さが２．５〜３．３ｍｍ未満である場合、
小径部の断面積と小径部の長さとの比が１．７〜２．４
であり、前記ピンの小径部の長さが３．３〜４．１ｍｍ
である場合、小径部の断面積と小径部の長さとの比が
１．５〜２．２であるので、ピンの小径部の剛性が適切
に調整される。よって、十字軸方向にガタが発生せず、
しかも折り曲げトルクの小さい自在継手を提供すること
ができる。As is apparent from the above description, according to the universal joint of the present invention, the material of the pin is one of a polyacetal resin and a polyamide resin, and the length of the small diameter portion of the pin is 2 0.5 to less than 3.3 mm,
The ratio between the cross-sectional area of the small diameter portion and the length of the small diameter portion is 1.7 to 2.4.
And the length of the small diameter portion of the pin is 3.3 to 4.1 mm.
In this case, since the ratio between the cross-sectional area of the small diameter portion and the length of the small diameter portion is 1.5 to 2.2, the rigidity of the small diameter portion of the pin is appropriately adjusted. Therefore, no backlash occurs in the cross-axis direction,
Moreover, a universal joint having a small bending torque can be provided.
【図１】本発明の第１実施形態に係る自在継手の正面図
である。FIG. 1 is a front view of a universal joint according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１の自在継手を構成するスパイダーのＡ−Ａ
矢視断面図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the spider AA constituting the universal joint of FIG. 1;
It is arrow sectional drawing.
【図３】図１の自在継手に組み込まれたスラストピース
の形状を説明する図である。FIG. 3 is a view illustrating the shape of a thrust piece incorporated in the universal joint of FIG. 1;
【図４】図３のＢ−Ｂ線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3;
【図５】第１実施形態の自在継手の特性を説明する図で
ある。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating characteristics of the universal joint according to the first embodiment.
【図６】第２実施形態に係る自在継手の正面図である。FIG. 6 is a front view of a universal joint according to a second embodiment.
【図７】図６の自在継手に組み込まれたスラストピース
の形状を説明する図である。FIG. 7 is a view illustrating the shape of a thrust piece incorporated in the universal joint of FIG. 6;
【図８】図７のＣ−Ｃ線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 7;
【図９】第３実施形態に係る自在継手の正面図である。FIG. 9 is a front view of a universal joint according to a third embodiment.
【図１０】図９の自在継手に組み込まれたスラストピー
スの形状を説明する図である。FIG. 10 is a view illustrating the shape of a thrust piece incorporated in the universal joint of FIG. 9;
【図１１】図１０のＤ−Ｄ線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 10;
【図１２】第４実施形態に係る自在継手に組み込まれた
スラストピースの形状を説明する図である。FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a shape of a thrust piece incorporated in a universal joint according to a fourth embodiment.
【図１３】図１２のＦ−Ｆ線に沿った断面図である。FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line FF of FIG. 12;
１ シャフト ２，４ ヨーク ５ シャフト ６ スパイダー ７ 軸受 ８ スラストピース ２１ 基部 ２２ フォーク部 ２２ａ，２２ｂ アーム ２２ｃ 軸受穴 ４１ 基部 ４２ フォーク部 ４２ａ，４２ｂ アーム ４２ｃ 軸受穴 ６０ 本体 ６１，６２ 軸径部 ６５ 軸方向穴 ７１ 軸受カップ ７３ ニードルベアリング ７５ シールリング ８１ 小径部 ８２ 大径部 ８２ａ 突部 ８３ 突条 Reference Signs List 1 shaft 2, 4 yoke 5 shaft 6 spider 7 bearing 8 thrust piece 21 base 22 fork 22a, 22b arm 22c bearing hole 41 base 42 fork 42a, 42b arm 42c bearing hole 60 main body 61, 62 shaft diameter 65 axial direction Hole 71 Bearing cup 73 Needle bearing 75 Seal ring 81 Small diameter part 82 Large diameter part 82a Projection 83 Projection
Claims (1)
させたカップ形の軸受により十字軸の両端の軸径部を軸
方向の回りに回転可能に支持するとともに、前記十字軸
の軸心に軸径部の端面に開口する有底の軸方向穴を設
け、該軸方向穴に前記軸径部の端面より突出する合成樹
脂製のピンを嵌合させ、該ピンの端部を前記軸受のカッ
プ底に係合させることにより該ピンに塑性変形を生じさ
せて前記十字軸の両端の軸径部を軸方向に関して保持す
る自在継手であって、 前記ピンは、軸方向に垂直な面に関して対象形で、前記
軸方向穴の内面に沿って軸方向に滑動自在な大径部を小
径部の両端に有し、かつ、該大径部より外方に先細りと
なる突部を有するとともに、該突部を前記軸受のカップ
底に係合させ、 前記ピンの材料は、ポリアセタール樹脂及びポリアミド
樹脂のいずれかであり、 前記ピンの小径部の長さが２．５〜３．３ｍｍ未満であ
る場合、小径部の断面積と小径部の長さとの比が１．７
〜２．４であり、前記ピンの小径部の長さが３．３〜
４．１ｍｍである場合、小径部の断面積と小径部の長さ
との比が１．５〜２．２であることを特徴とする自在継
手。A cross-shaped bearing which is fitted in a bearing hole of an opposing arm supports shaft diameter portions at both ends of a cross shaft so as to be rotatable around an axial direction, and is provided on a shaft center of the cross shaft. A bottomed axial hole that is open at the end face of the shaft diameter portion is provided, and a synthetic resin pin protruding from the end face of the shaft diameter portion is fitted into the axial hole, and the end of the pin is inserted into the bearing. A universal joint that causes the pin to undergo plastic deformation by engaging with a cup bottom to hold axial diameter portions at both ends of the cross shaft in the axial direction, wherein the pin is symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axial direction. In the form, having large diameter portions slidable in the axial direction along the inner surface of the axial hole at both ends of the small diameter portion, and having a projection tapering outward from the large diameter portion, The protrusion is engaged with the cup bottom of the bearing, and the material of the pin is polyacetal tree And are either the polyamide resin, when the length of the small diameter portion of the pin is less than 2.5～3.3Mm, the ratio of the length of the cross-sectional area and the small diameter portion of the small-diameter portion 1.7
And the length of the small diameter portion of the pin is 3.3 to 3.3.
A universal joint, wherein the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the small-diameter portion to the length of the small-diameter portion is 1.5 to 2.2 when the diameter is 4.1 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10290117A JP2000104750A (en) | 1998-09-29 | 1998-09-29 | Universal joint |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10290117A JP2000104750A (en) | 1998-09-29 | 1998-09-29 | Universal joint |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000104750A true JP2000104750A (en) | 2000-04-11 |
Family
ID=17752031
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10290117A Pending JP2000104750A (en) | 1998-09-29 | 1998-09-29 | Universal joint |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000104750A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10359142B4 (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2007-03-01 | Spicer Gelenkwellenbau Gmbh | Universal joint |
| JP2008039119A (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2008-02-21 | Nsk Ltd | Cardan universal joint |
| CN109210098A (en) * | 2017-07-08 | 2019-01-15 | 泉州向日葵卫生用品有限公司 | A kind of novel small-sized Hooks coupling universal coupling |
-
1998
- 1998-09-29 JP JP10290117A patent/JP2000104750A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10359142B4 (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2007-03-01 | Spicer Gelenkwellenbau Gmbh | Universal joint |
| US7448951B2 (en) | 2003-12-17 | 2008-11-11 | Spicer Gelenkwellenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg | Universal joint |
| JP2008039119A (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2008-02-21 | Nsk Ltd | Cardan universal joint |
| CN109210098A (en) * | 2017-07-08 | 2019-01-15 | 泉州向日葵卫生用品有限公司 | A kind of novel small-sized Hooks coupling universal coupling |
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