JP2000084665A - Vertical downward build-up welding method - Google Patents
Vertical downward build-up welding methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000084665A JP2000084665A JP10254707A JP25470798A JP2000084665A JP 2000084665 A JP2000084665 A JP 2000084665A JP 10254707 A JP10254707 A JP 10254707A JP 25470798 A JP25470798 A JP 25470798A JP 2000084665 A JP2000084665 A JP 2000084665A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- bead
- speed
- current
- wire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、例えば薄肉管と平
板で形成されるパネルからなるごみ焼却炉水冷壁のよう
に立向溶接が不可避となる部材の腐食減肉に対する肉盛
による補修溶接に好適な立向下進肉盛溶接方法に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to repair welding by overlaying on corrosion-reduced wall thinning of a member in which vertical welding is inevitable, such as a refuse incinerator water cooling wall composed of a thin-walled tube and a panel formed of a flat plate. The present invention relates to a preferred vertical downfacing overlay welding method.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、例えばごみ焼却炉の廃熱ボイ
ラチューブなどの高温部位を中心にして、燃焼スラグの
付着に起因すると考えられる腐食損傷が問題となってお
り、このような腐食減肉、高温酸化により肉減りした箇
所に対し、補修溶接によって補修、肉盛厚増が行なわれ
ている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been a problem of corrosion damage which is considered to be caused by adhesion of combustion slag, mainly in a high-temperature portion such as a waste heat boiler tube of a refuse incinerator. In addition, repair welding is performed on a portion reduced in thickness due to high-temperature oxidation, and the thickness of the overlay is increased.
【０００３】例えば特開昭55-24749号公報には、固定さ
れた管の内側または外側の表面に、ＴＩＧ溶接によって
肉盛溶接する方法が示されている。この公報に示されて
いる肉盛溶接方法では、管の軸心に交差する方向から電
極下方に溶加棒を供給し、脈動電流を流しながら電極を
管の軸心に平行する方向へ移動させ、管の表面に所定長
さのビードを盛った後、管周方向へビード幅以内の寸法
だけ電極を送り、次いで管の軸心に平行する方向へ前回
とは逆向きに移動させる。このような運動を繰り返し
て、電極に平行往復オッシレート運動を行わせ、管の表
面に肉盛溶接するようにしている。For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-24749 discloses a method in which overlay welding is performed on the inner or outer surface of a fixed pipe by TIG welding. In the overlay welding method disclosed in this publication, a filler rod is supplied below the electrode from a direction intersecting the axis of the tube, and the electrode is moved in a direction parallel to the axis of the tube while flowing a pulsating current. After a bead having a predetermined length is piled on the surface of the tube, the electrode is fed in the circumferential direction of the tube by an amount not larger than the bead width, and then moved in a direction parallel to the axis of the tube in a direction opposite to the previous direction. By repeating such a movement, the electrode is caused to perform a parallel reciprocating oscillating movement so that the electrode is welded to the surface of the tube.
【０００４】しかしながら、このようなＴＩＧ溶接によ
る肉盛溶接では、高品質であるものの、使用できる溶接
電流域が 150Ａ前後と低く、溶接速度を上げられず、能
率面が悪いという難点がある。[0004] However, in the overlay welding by such TIG welding, although high quality, there is a problem that the usable welding current range is as low as about 150 A, the welding speed cannot be increased, and the efficiency is poor.
【０００５】また、ガス溶接、被覆アーク溶接による肉
盛溶接では、能率面が悪いばかりでなく、自動化が困難
である。[0005] In addition, in the overlay welding by gas welding or covered arc welding, not only efficiency is poor but also automation is difficult.
【０００６】そこで、例えば特開昭55-27417号公報に示
されているように、能率面で優れ、かつ溶け込みを比較
的浅くできる立向下進溶接を導入したＭＩＧ溶接による
立向下進肉盛溶接方法が提案されている。この公報に示
されている立向下進肉盛溶接方法は、薄肉鋼板または薄
肉鋼管表面の肉盛溶接に適用可能としたもので、溶接ワ
イヤを被溶接面に対し溶接方向に90〜110 °傾け、溶接
電流 120〜200 Ａ、溶接電圧18〜24Ｖ、溶接速度30〜70
cm/minの条件組合せから得られる溶接入熱量が3000〜50
00joule/cmの範囲で立向下進溶接するものである。Therefore, as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-27417, the vertical downward welding by MIG welding which is excellent in efficiency and has a relatively shallow penetration is introduced. An overlay welding method has been proposed. The vertical downward overlay welding method disclosed in this publication is applicable to overlay welding of the surface of a thin steel plate or a thin steel pipe, and a welding wire is 90 to 110 ° in a welding direction with respect to a surface to be welded. Tilt, welding current 120-200A, welding voltage 18-24V, welding speed 30-70
The welding heat input obtained from the combination of cm / min conditions is 3000-50
It is for vertical welding in the range of 00joule / cm.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前述の
ようなＭＩＧ溶接による立向下進肉盛溶接方法にあって
も、使用できる溶接電流域は 120〜200 Ａ程度であり、
その制約から溶接速度も70cm/minまでしか上げられない
のが実状である。これは、ＭＩＧ溶接による立向下進肉
盛溶接において、溶接電流を200 Ａ以上にすると、溶金
の量が過大になり、フィンガー形状の深溶け込みとなっ
てしまい、腐食により母材の板厚が薄くなっている箇所
ではバーンスルー（穴開き）に繋がる危険性があるから
である。腐食環境下では、母材の肉厚が極めて薄い部分
が形成される可能性が高く、したがってＭＩＧ溶接によ
る肉盛溶接でも溶接電流をあまり高くすることはでき
ず、溶接速度にも上限が決められ、能率がさほど上昇し
ない。However, even in the vertical down-facing welding method by MIG welding as described above, the usable welding current range is about 120 to 200 A.
Due to these restrictions, the welding speed can only be increased up to 70 cm / min. This is because when the welding current is set to 200 A or more in MIG welding, if the welding current is set to 200 A or more, the amount of the molten metal becomes excessive, resulting in a deep penetration of the finger shape, and the thickness of the base metal due to corrosion. This is because there is a risk that burn-through (perforation) may occur at places where the thickness is thin. In a corrosive environment, there is a high possibility that a very thin part of the base material will be formed. Therefore, the welding current cannot be too high even in overlay welding by MIG welding, and the upper limit is also set for the welding speed. , The efficiency does not increase much.
【０００８】本発明の技術的課題は、溶接電流を従来よ
り高くしても溶け込みを浅くできて、肉盛溶接の速度を
上昇させ得るようにすることにある。[0008] It is a technical object of the present invention to make the penetration shallower even if the welding current is made higher than before so that the speed of overlay welding can be increased.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の請求項１に係る
立向下進肉盛溶接方法は、垂直に近い状態に保持された
金属パネル表面に対し、シールドガス雰囲気中で溶接ワ
イヤを高速で回転させながら立向下進させ、肉盛溶接す
ることを特徴としている。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for welding a vertical build-up weld on a metal panel, which is carried out at a high speed in a shield gas atmosphere with respect to a surface of a metal panel which is held almost vertically. It is characterized in that it is turned upright while rotating, and is weld-welded.
【００１０】また、請求項２に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方
法は、溶接ワイヤにニッケル基合金を使用するととも
に、シールドガスにアルゴン、またはアルゴンをベース
として活性ガスや他の不活性ガスを混入した混合ガス、
もしくはアルゴンをベースとして活性ガスと他の不活性
ガスを共に混入した混合ガスを用い、ワイヤ先端の回転
径を 2.0〜5.0 mm、回転速度を10〜60Ｈｚに設定して、
回転させることを特徴としている。In a second aspect of the present invention, a nickel-based alloy is used for the welding wire, and argon or an inert gas based on argon is used as the shielding gas. Mixed gas,
Or, using a mixed gas mixed with active gas and other inert gas based on argon, setting the rotation diameter of the wire tip to 2.0 to 5.0 mm and the rotation speed to 10 to 60 Hz,
It is characterized by rotating.
【００１１】また、請求項３に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方
法は、溶接電源にパルス溶接電源を用いることを特徴と
している。In a third aspect of the present invention, a pulse welding power source is used as a welding power source.
【００１２】また、請求項４に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方
法は、溶接電源に、平均電流 200〜240 Ａのパルス電
流、又は 220〜280 Ａの直流を用い、溶接電圧を27〜32
Ｖ、溶接速度を 1.0〜1.3 ｍ/minに設定することを特徴
としている。Further, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the welding method uses a pulse current having an average current of 200 to 240 A or a direct current of 220 to 280 A and a welding voltage of 27 to 32.
V, the welding speed is set to 1.0 to 1.3 m / min.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図示実施形態により本発明
を説明する。図１は本実施形態に係る立向下進肉盛溶接
方法を肉盛溶接手順に連続法を用いて示す説明図、図２
はその肉盛溶接を行う前の金属パネルを示す斜視図、図
３はその肉盛ビードの説明図で、（ａ）は第１列目のビ
ードを示す図、（ｂ）は第２列目までビードを示して各
ビード間の重ね部を説明する図、図４はビードの断面図
で、（ａ）は本発明方法により盛られたビードの図、
（ｂ）及び（ｃ）は従来方法により盛られたビードの
図、図５はその肉盛溶接手順に会合法を用いた場合の工
程説明図、図６はその溶接ワイヤの回転速度とビード品
質の関係を示すグラフ、図７はその溶接ワイヤの回転速
度が５Ｈｚ，15Ｈｚ，65Ｈｚの場合におけるそれぞれの
ビード外観を示す図、図８はその溶接電流と希釈率の関
係を示すグラフ、図９はそのパルス電流波形例を示す
図、図１０は本発明方法による溶接条件と従来方法によ
る溶接条件とを比較して示す説明図、図１１はその溶融
池付近に働く力の説明図である。なお、ここでは垂直配
置の金属パネルとしてボイラ・チューブパネルを例に挙
げて説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a vertical welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention by using a continuous welding method for overlay welding.
3 is a perspective view showing the metal panel before the overlay welding, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the overlay bead, (a) is a view showing a bead in the first row, and (b) is a view in the second row. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the bead, and FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view of the bead, showing a bead formed by the method of the present invention.
(B) and (c) are views of a bead formed by a conventional method, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a process when an associative method is used in the overlay welding procedure, and FIG. 6 is a rotation speed and bead quality of the welding wire. 7 is a graph showing the appearance of each bead when the rotation speed of the welding wire is 5 Hz, 15 Hz, and 65 Hz, FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the welding current and the dilution ratio, and FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the pulse current waveform, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a comparison between welding conditions by the method of the present invention and welding conditions by the conventional method, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the force acting near the molten pool. Here, a boiler tube panel will be described as an example of a vertically arranged metal panel.
【００１４】図２において、１は本発明の肉盛溶接方法
が適用される垂直配置の金属パネルすなわちボイラ・チ
ューブパネルで、薄肉管１ａと平板１ｂで構成されてい
る。In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a vertically arranged metal panel, that is, a boiler tube panel to which the overlay welding method according to the present invention is applied, which comprises a thin-walled tube 1a and a flat plate 1b.
【００１５】本実施形態に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方法
は、図１に示すようにボイラ・チューブパネル１の表面
に対し、シールドガス雰囲気中で溶接ワイヤを高速で回
転させながら立向下進させ、肉盛溶接するものである。As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical welding method according to the present embodiment uses a vertical welding method while rotating a welding wire at high speed in a shield gas atmosphere with respect to the surface of a boiler tube panel 1. And then build-up welding is performed.
【００１６】溶接材料すなわち溶接ワイヤは、高温腐食
環境での耐食性が必要であるので、ニッケル基合金を使
用する。例えばインコネル625 （ＵＮＳ ＮＯ6625）、
ハステロイＣ22（ＵＮＳ ＮＯ6022）、インコネル686
（ＵＮＳ ＮＯ6686）、インコロイ825 （ＵＮＳ ＮＯ
8825）など使用可能である。肉盛の厚さ、希釈率と耐食
性能に関する正確なデータはないが、インコネル625 材
の場合、肉盛厚は1.0mm以上、希釈率は20％以下であれ
ば問題がないとされている。ここで、希釈とは、異種金
属を溶接する場合、母材が融合する関係で、溶接金属中
の合金元素の量が溶着金属での値よりも低下することを
いい、希釈率は、Ｐ／（Ａ＋Ｐ）で示される。Ｐはビー
ド横断面における母材溶融部の面積、Ａ＋Ｐは溶接金属
の断面積である。インコネル材は非常に高価であるた
め、肉盛厚が厚すぎるとコスト面で不利である。また一
般に溶け込み深さを浅くすれば、希釈率は低くなる傾向
があるので、上進溶接よりも溶接速度が大で低入熱にで
きる下進溶接が適当である。Since the welding material, that is, the welding wire needs to have corrosion resistance in a high-temperature corrosive environment, a nickel-based alloy is used. For example, Inconel 625 (UNS NO6625),
Hastelloy C22 (UNS NO6022), Inconel 686
(UNS NO6686), Incoloy 825 (UNS NO
8825). There is no precise data on the thickness, dilution ratio and corrosion resistance of the overlay, but it is said that there is no problem with Inconel 625 if the overlay thickness is 1.0 mm or more and the dilution ratio is 20% or less. Here, the term “dilution” means that when welding dissimilar metals, the amount of alloying elements in the weld metal is lower than the value in the deposited metal because the base metal is fused. It is indicated by (A + P). P is the area of the base metal fusion zone in the cross section of the bead, and A + P is the cross-sectional area of the weld metal. Since Inconel material is very expensive, if the build-up thickness is too thick, it is disadvantageous in terms of cost. In general, if the penetration depth is reduced, the dilution ratio tends to decrease. Therefore, downward welding, which has a higher welding speed and lower heat input than upward welding, is suitable.
【００１７】シールドガスとしてここでは純粋のアルゴ
ンを使用しているが、本発明者による実験ではアルゴン
に 0.5％の酸素あるいは５％以下の炭酸ガスを混入した
混合ガスも使用可能であることが判明している。またこ
のような混合ガスを用いた場合、溶接アークの移行現象
において、スパッタの発生が少なくなり、アークが安定
し、溶け込み形状が改善される。またアルゴンにヘリウ
ムを混入すると溶接電圧が上昇し、溶け込みが深くな
り、品質の目安となる希釈率が上昇するが、これに更に
酸素あるいは炭酸ガスを混入していくとアークが安定
し、ビード外観が良くなる。Although pure argon is used here as the shielding gas, experiments conducted by the present inventor have shown that a mixed gas containing 0.5% oxygen or 5% or less carbon dioxide in argon can be used. are doing. In addition, when such a mixed gas is used, the occurrence of spatter in the transfer phenomenon of the welding arc is reduced, the arc is stabilized, and the penetration shape is improved. Also, if helium is mixed with argon, the welding voltage will increase, the penetration will deepen, and the dilution rate, which is a measure of quality, will increase, but if oxygen or carbon dioxide is further mixed with this, the arc will be stable and the bead appearance Will be better.
【００１８】ワイヤ先端の回転径は 2.0〜5.0 mm、回転
速度は10〜60Ｈｚ、好ましくは回転径 3.0〜4.0 mm、回
転速度10〜20Ｈｚに設定して、回転させる。ワイヤ先端
の回転径および回転速度の数値限定理由は次の通りであ
る。すなわち、ワイヤ先端の回転径を2.0 mm以下に小さ
くすると、アーク入熱が分散せず溶け込みが深くなるた
め、溶接ビード幅が広がらず、肉盛面積が小さくなって
能率面で劣ってしまう。またワイヤ先端の回転径を5.0
mmより大きくすると、ビード片側にスパッタが生じやす
くなり、さらに大きくなると、いわゆるアバタ状のビー
ドになる。また、回転速度を10Ｈｚ以下にすると、図６
に示すようにリップルが粗くなり、図７の（ａ）に示す
ようにビード２の外観が悪くなる。また回転速度を60Ｈ
ｚより大きすると、図７の（ｃ）に示すように垂れ落ち
２ａの発生回数が増加する。The wire tip is rotated at a rotation diameter of 2.0 to 5.0 mm and a rotation speed of 10 to 60 Hz, preferably 3.0 to 4.0 mm and a rotation speed of 10 to 20 Hz. The reasons for limiting the rotation diameter and rotation speed of the wire tip are as follows. That is, if the rotation diameter of the wire tip is reduced to 2.0 mm or less, the arc heat input does not disperse and the penetration deepens, so that the weld bead width is not widened, the overlay area is reduced, and the efficiency is inferior. In addition, the turning diameter of the wire tip is 5.0
If it is larger than mm, spatter tends to occur on one side of the bead, and if it is larger, a so-called avatar-shaped bead is formed. When the rotation speed is set to 10 Hz or less, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, the ripple becomes coarse, and the appearance of the bead 2 deteriorates as shown in FIG. The rotation speed is 60H
If it is larger than z, the number of times of dripping 2a increases as shown in FIG. 7C.
【００１９】溶接電源に関しては、直流溶接電源、パル
ス溶接電源ともに使用が可能である。ただし、立向溶接
では溶融池の垂れ落ちが問題となるため、これをできる
だけ防止する必要がある。平均電流を同一にした場合、
パルス溶接電源の方がピーク電流期間で高電流となるた
め、図１１に示すアーク圧力Ｆ１が高くなり、アーク圧
力Ｆ１と表面張力Ｆ２の合力が重力による力Ｆ３と拮抗
し、あるいは重力による力Ｆ３を上回り、垂れ落ち防止
効果が生まれる。よって、パルス溶接電源を使用するこ
とが望ましい。またパルス溶接電源を用いることによ
り、溶滴移行形態が短絡移行ではなくスプレー移行とな
り、スパッタを極端に減少させることができる副次的な
効果も生まれる。図９にパルス電流波形例を示す。この
パルス電流波形は、電源装置に平均電流 220Ａ、ベース
電流60Ａ、ピーク電流 370Ａ、ピーク幅1.2ms 、を入力
して得たものである。溶接の電源装置は、一般に前記各
入力値に基づいて周波数等を自動演算し、波形パターン
を決定し、決定した波形パターンを表示する機能を有し
ており、オペレータはこの表示された波形パターンを見
て前記各入力値の訂正等を行うようになっている。オペ
レータの入力に基づいて電源装置が自動演算した結果も
含む各種電源の設定例を下表１に示す。As for the welding power source, both a DC welding power source and a pulse welding power source can be used. However, in the vertical welding, dripping of the molten pool becomes a problem, and it is necessary to prevent this as much as possible. If the average current is the same,
Since the pulse welding power supply has a higher current during the peak current period, the arc pressure F1 shown in FIG. 11 increases, and the resultant force of the arc pressure F1 and the surface tension F2 antagonizes the force F3 due to gravity, or the force F3 due to gravity. And a dripping prevention effect is created. Therefore, it is desirable to use a pulse welding power supply. Also, by using a pulse welding power source, the droplet transfer mode is changed to spray transfer instead of short-circuit transfer, and a secondary effect of extremely reducing spatter is also produced. FIG. 9 shows an example of a pulse current waveform. This pulse current waveform is obtained by inputting an average current of 220 A, a base current of 60 A, a peak current of 370 A, and a peak width of 1.2 ms to the power supply device. The power supply device for welding generally has a function of automatically calculating a frequency or the like based on each of the input values, determining a waveform pattern, and displaying the determined waveform pattern. The input values are corrected when viewed. Table 1 below shows examples of various power supply settings including the results of automatic calculations performed by the power supply device based on operator inputs.
【００２０】[0020]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２１】なお、溶接速度 1.0ｍ/min以上で安定な肉
盛ビードを実現するためには、直流溶接で220 Ａ以上、
パルス溶接で200 Ａ以上が必要となる。これ以下では図
８に示すようにビードがアバタ状になってしまう。また
両溶接方式ともに電流を増加させると、肉盛ビードの安
定度は増すものの溶け込みが深くなり、同図に示すよう
に直流溶接では希釈率が増加してしまうので280 Ａ以下
にする必要があり、またパルス溶接では希釈率の増加と
ともにアークの安定性が悪くなり、ビード形状に支障を
来すので240 Ａ以下にする必要がある。Incidentally, in order to realize a stable build-up bead at a welding speed of 1.0 m / min or more, it is necessary to use a DC welding of 220 A or more,
Pulse welding requires 200 A or more. Below this, the bead becomes avatar-shaped as shown in FIG. When the current is increased in both welding methods, the stability of the overlay bead increases but the penetration deepens, and as shown in the figure, the dilution ratio increases in DC welding, so it is necessary to set the current to 280 A or less. In addition, in pulse welding, the stability of the arc deteriorates with an increase in the dilution ratio, and the bead shape is hindered.
【００２２】溶接速度は、前述のワイヤ先端の回転速
度、溶接電源等の各条件の下で求められたものである
が、溶接速度を 1.0〜1.3 ｍ/minに設定した理由は次の
通りである。すなわち、溶接速度が1.0 ｍ/min以下では
希釈率が上昇し、品質が低下してしまう。また溶接速度
を1.3 ｍ/minより大きくすると、ビード形成が不安定と
なって、ビード外観が悪くなってしまう。The welding speed is obtained under the above-described conditions such as the rotation speed of the wire tip and the welding power source. The reason why the welding speed is set to 1.0 to 1.3 m / min is as follows. is there. That is, when the welding speed is 1.0 m / min or less, the dilution ratio increases, and the quality deteriorates. On the other hand, if the welding speed is higher than 1.3 m / min, bead formation becomes unstable and the bead appearance deteriorates.
【００２３】このように、本実施形態の立向下進肉盛溶
接方法においては、図１０に示すように従来のＴＩＧ溶
接やＭＩＧ溶接を用いた肉盛溶接に比し、溶接速度およ
び溶接電流のいずれも大きくすることができ、溶接能率
を向上させることができる。また溶け込みが浅く、希釈
率が低く抑えられるため、耐食性が向上する。As described above, in the vertical downturn overlay welding method of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the welding speed and welding current are lower than those of conventional overlay welding using TIG welding or MIG welding. Can be increased, and the welding efficiency can be improved. Further, since the penetration is shallow and the dilution ratio is suppressed to a low level, corrosion resistance is improved.
【００２４】試験例１．対象ワークは図２で説明した薄
肉管１ａと平板１ｂで構成されるボイラ・チューブパネ
ル１であり、図１に示すようにその片側全面に連続法を
用いて肉盛溶接を行った。トーチは、角度をボイラ・チ
ューブパネル１の長手方向に対して90°程度、薄肉管１
ａの周面に対しては垂直となるように設定し、パネル表
面に対するトーチ高さ制御はアークセンシングによる自
動制御とし、パスラインは機械的に自動あるいは手動で
設定し、かつ溶接線直交方向における次の溶接開始位置
までの移動量（ピッチ）は、図３の（ｂ）に示すように
直前に盛った第１列目のビードＢ１に第２列目のビード
Ｂ２が１〜２mm程度重なるように設定した。またトーチ
の回転周波数は15Ｈｚ、溶接ワイヤは1.2mm 径のインコ
ネル 625（Ｎｉ64％，Ｃｒ22％，Ｍｏ10％）、ワイヤ先
端の回転径は４mm、シールドガスは 100％アルゴン、溶
接速度は 1.0〜1.3 ｍ/min、溶接電源の条件は図９で説
明した条件、すなわち平均電流 220Ａ、ベース電流60
Ａ、ピーク電流 370Ａ、ピーク幅1.2msに設定した。 Test Example 1 The target workpiece is the boiler tube panel 1 composed of the thin-walled tube 1a and the flat plate 1b described in FIG. 2, and as shown in FIG. The torch has an angle of about 90 ° to the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube panel 1,
a is set to be perpendicular to the peripheral surface of a, the torch height control for the panel surface is automatically controlled by arc sensing, the pass line is set automatically or manually mechanically, and in the direction orthogonal to the welding line. The movement amount (pitch) to the next welding start position is such that the bead B2 in the second row overlaps the bead B1 in the second row by about 1 to 2 mm, as shown in FIG. 3B. Set to. The rotation frequency of the torch is 15 Hz, the welding wire is Inconel 625 (Ni64%, Cr22%, Mo10%) with a diameter of 1.2 mm, the rotation diameter of the wire tip is 4 mm, the shielding gas is 100% argon, and the welding speed is 1.0 to 1.3 m. / min, the conditions of the welding power source are the conditions described in FIG.
A, the peak current was 370 A, and the peak width was 1.2 ms.
【００２５】このような条件の下で、図１に示すように
ボイラ・チューブパネル１の右端より左方向にピッチの
移動を行いながら、順次各列の立向下進肉盛溶接を行っ
た。Under these conditions, as shown in FIG. 1, while moving the pitch from the right end of the boiler tube panel 1 to the left, the vertical overlay welding of each row was sequentially performed.
【００２６】肉盛溶接結果（ビード形状） ビード幅 7.0〜9.0 mm、ビード余盛高さ 1.0〜1.5 mm、
溶け込み深さ 0.5mm未満、希釈率３〜12％であり、ビー
ド外観が良好であった。Overlay welding results (bead shape) Bead width 7.0 to 9.0 mm, bead extra height 1.0 to 1.5 mm,
The penetration depth was less than 0.5 mm, the dilution ratio was 3 to 12%, and the bead appearance was good.
【００２７】試験例２．対象ワークは図２で説明した薄
肉管１ａと平板１ｂで構成されるボイラ・チューブパネ
ル１であり、各種条件を前記試験例１と同一に設定し
て、図５に示すようにボイラ・チューブパネル１の１つ
の薄肉管１ａ部分に会合法を用いて立向下進肉盛溶接を
行った。 Test Example 2 The target work is the boiler tube panel 1 composed of the thin-walled tube 1a and the flat plate 1b described in FIG. 2, and various conditions are set to be the same as those in the test example 1, and as shown in FIG. The vertical downfacing welding was performed on one thin-walled pipe 1a by using an association method.
【００２８】会合法による立向下進肉盛溶接は、まず薄
肉管円弧の一端側における薄肉管１ａと平板１ｂとの接
合ビード３ａを利用して、図５の（ａ）に示すように接
合ビード３ａと平板１ｂとの間を立向下進肉盛溶接して
１列目のビード４ａを形成した後、接合ビード３ａと薄
肉管１ａとの間を立向下進肉盛溶接して２列目のビード
４ｂを形成して、接合ビード３ａ部分を肉盛厚増する。
次いで図５の（ｂ）に示すように先に肉盛厚増した薄肉
管１ａの円弧表面の片側に、順次３列目のビード４ｃ、
４列目のビード４ｄ、５列目のビード４ｅ、６列目のビ
ード４ｆを立向下進肉盛溶接により形成する。その際、
最終列ビード形成部位はあけておく。In the vertical downfacing welding by the associative method, first, as shown in FIG. 5A, a joining bead 3a between a thin-walled tube 1a and a flat plate 1b at one end of a thin-walled tube arc is used. After forming the first row of beads 4a by up-facing down welding between the bead 3a and the flat plate 1b, the up-facing down welding is performed between the joining bead 3a and the thin-walled pipe 1a. A row of beads 4b is formed, and the thickness of the weld bead 3a is increased.
Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, a third row of beads 4c is sequentially placed on one side of the arc surface of the thin-walled tube 1a whose thickness has been increased.
The fourth row of beads 4d, the fifth row of beads 4e, and the sixth row of beads 4f are formed by vertical downfacing welding. that time,
Leave the last row bead formation site.
【００２９】次に、前述と同様に薄肉管円弧の他端側に
おける薄肉管１ａと平板１ｂとの接合ビード３ｂを利用
して、図５の（ｃ）に示すように接合ビード３ｂと平板
１ｂとの間と、接合ビード３ｂと薄肉管１ａとの間に、
順次７列目のビード４ｇ、８列目のビード４ｈを立向下
進肉盛溶接により形成して、接合ビード３ｂ部分を肉盛
厚増した後、続けて薄肉管１ａの円弧表面の他側に、９
列目のビード４ｉ、１０列目のビード４ｊ、１１列目の
ビード４ｋ、１２列目のビード４ｌを立向下進肉盛溶接
により形成する。Next, as described above, using the joining bead 3b between the thin-walled tube 1a and the flat plate 1b at the other end of the thin-walled tube arc, as shown in FIG. 5C, the joining bead 3b and the flat plate 1b are used. And between the joining bead 3b and the thin-walled tube 1a,
A bead 4g in the seventh row and a bead 4h in the eighth row are sequentially formed by vertical downfacing welding to increase the thickness of the weld bead 3b, and then the other side of the arc surface of the thin tube 1a. , 9
The bead 4i in the row, the bead 4j in the 10th row, the bead 4k in the 11th row, and the bead 4l in the twelfth row are formed by vertical downward overlay welding.
【００３０】その後、図５の（ｄ）に示すように６列目
のビード４ｆと１２列目のビード４ｌの間の薄肉管１ａ
の円弧表面に、最終列となる１３列目のビード４ｍを立
向下進肉盛溶接により形成し、１つの薄肉管１ａの円弧
表面全域の肉盛厚増を終了する。Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5D, the thin-walled tube 1a between the beads 4f in the sixth row and the beads 4l in the twelfth row.
The 13th row of beads 4m, which is the last row, is formed on the circular arc surface by vertical downfacing welding, and the increase in the thickness of the cladding on the entire circular arc surface of one thin tube 1a is completed.
【００３１】肉盛溶接結果（ビード形状） 前記試験例１と同様、ビード幅 7.0〜9.0 mm、ビード余
盛高さ 1.0〜1.5 mm、溶け込み深さ 0.5mm未満、希釈率
３〜12％であり、この会合法による立向下進肉盛溶接に
おいてもビード外観が良好であった。Overlay welding results (bead shape) As in Test Example 1, the bead width was 7.0 to 9.0 mm, the bead extra height was 1.0 to 1.5 mm, the penetration depth was less than 0.5 mm, and the dilution ratio was 3 to 12%. Also, the bead appearance was good in the vertical downfacing welding by this association method.
【００３２】[0032]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように、請求項１の発明によ
れば、垂直に近い状態に保持された金属パネル表面に対
し、シールドガス雰囲気中で溶接ワイヤを高速で回転さ
せながら立向下進させ、肉盛溶接するようにしたので、
溶接速度および溶接電流のいずれも従来より大きくする
ことができ、溶接能率を向上させることができた。As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the welding wire is turned upright while rotating the welding wire at high speed in a shield gas atmosphere with respect to the surface of the metal panel held almost vertically. So that it is welded
Both the welding speed and the welding current could be made higher than before, and the welding efficiency could be improved.
【００３３】また、請求項２の発明によれば、溶接ワイ
ヤにニッケル基合金を使用するとともに、シールドガス
にアルゴン、またはアルゴンをベースとして活性ガスや
他の不活性ガスを混入した混合ガス、もしくはアルゴン
をベースとして活性ガスと他の不活性ガスを共に混入し
た混合ガスを用い、ワイヤ先端の回転径を 2.0〜5.0m
m、回転速度を10〜60Ｈｚに設定して、回転させるよう
にしたので、アーク入熱を分散させることができて、溶
け込みを浅くすることができ、かつ溶接ビード幅を広げ
ることができた。According to the second aspect of the present invention, a nickel-based alloy is used for the welding wire, and argon or a mixed gas containing an active gas or other inert gas based on argon is used as the shielding gas, or Using a mixed gas of active gas and other inert gas mixed together based on argon, the rotating diameter of the wire tip is 2.0 to 5.0 m
m, the rotation speed was set to 10 to 60 Hz, and the rotation was performed, so that the arc heat input could be dispersed, the penetration could be made shallow, and the weld bead width could be widened.
【００３４】また、請求項３の発明によれば、溶接電源
にパルス溶接電源を用いたので、高いピーク電流値を利
用して、同一平均電流値の直流溶接のときよりもアーク
圧力を向上させることができた。このため、ビードの垂
れ落ち防止の能力を向上させることができた。According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the pulse welding power supply is used as the welding power supply, the arc pressure is improved by using a high peak current value as compared with the case of DC welding with the same average current value. I was able to. For this reason, the ability to prevent the bead from dripping could be improved.
【００３５】また、請求項４の発明によれば、溶接電源
に、平均電流 200〜240 Ａのパルス電流、又は 220〜28
0 Ａの直流を用い、溶接電圧を27〜32Ｖ、溶接速度を
1.0〜1.3 ｍ/minに設定するようにしたので、溶け込み
が浅く、希釈率を低く抑えることができて、耐食性を向
上させることができた。Further, according to the invention of claim 4, a pulse current having an average current of 200 to 240 A or 220 to 28 A is supplied to the welding power source.
0 A direct current, welding voltage 27-32V, welding speed
Since it was set to 1.0 to 1.3 m / min, the penetration was shallow, the dilution ratio could be kept low, and the corrosion resistance could be improved.
【図１】本発明の実施形態に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方法
を肉盛溶接手順に連続法を用いて示す説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a vertical welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention using a continuous welding method.
【図２】本実施形態に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方法が適用
される金属パネルを示す斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a metal panel to which the vertical downward overlay welding method according to the embodiment is applied.
【図３】本実施形態に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方法により
形成された肉盛ビードの説明図で、（ａ）は第１列目の
ビードを示す図、（ｂ）は第２列目までビードを示して
各ビード間の重ね部を説明する図である。FIGS. 3A and 3B are explanatory views of a bead formed by the vertical downward build-up welding method according to the embodiment, in which FIG. 3A shows a bead in a first row and FIG. 3B shows a bead in a second row; It is a figure which shows a bead to an eye and demonstrates the overlap part between each bead.
【図４】ビードの断面図で、（ａ）は本発明方法により
盛られたビードの図、（ｂ）及び（ｃ）は従来方法によ
り盛られたビードの図である。4A and 4B are cross-sectional views of a bead, in which FIG. 4A is a view of a bead formed by the method of the present invention, and FIGS. 4B and 4C are views of a bead formed by a conventional method.
【図５】本発明の実施形態に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方法
を肉盛溶接手順に会合法を用いて示す工程説明図であ
る。FIG. 5 is a process explanatory view showing a vertical welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention, using an assembling method in the overlay welding procedure.
【図６】本実施形態に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方法におけ
る溶接ワイヤの回転速度とビード品質の関係を示すグラ
フである。FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the rotation speed of the welding wire and the bead quality in the vertical downward overlay welding method according to the embodiment.
【図７】本実施形態に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方法におけ
る溶接ワイヤの回転速度が５Ｈｚ，15Ｈｚ，65Ｈｚの場
合のそれぞれのビード外観を示す図である。FIG. 7 is a view showing respective bead appearances when the rotation speed of the welding wire is 5 Hz, 15 Hz, and 65 Hz in the vertical downward overlay welding method according to the present embodiment.
【図８】本実施形態に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方法におけ
る溶接電流と希釈率の関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 8 is a graph showing a relationship between a welding current and a dilution ratio in the vertical downward build-up welding method according to the embodiment.
【図９】本実施形態に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方法におけ
るパルス電流波形例を示す図である。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a pulse current waveform in the vertical downfacing welding method according to the embodiment.
【図１０】本実施形態に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方法によ
る溶接条件と従来方法による溶接条件とを比較して示す
説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a comparison between welding conditions according to the upside-down-facing overlay welding method according to the present embodiment and welding conditions according to a conventional method.
【図１１】本実施形態に係る立向下進肉盛溶接方法にお
ける溶融池付近に働く力の説明図である。FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a force acting in the vicinity of a molten pool in a vertical downfacing overlay welding method according to the present embodiment.
１ ボイラ・チューブパネル（金属パネル） １ａ 薄肉管 １ｂ 平板 Ｂ，Ｂ１，Ｂ２ ビード DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Boiler tube panel (metal panel) 1a Thin tube 1b Flat plate B, B1, B2 Bead
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 4E081 YH02 4E082 AA03 AA04 AA08 AA11 BA04 EC01 EC11 EF01 EF05 EF21 EF22 EF24 JA04 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4E081 YH02 4E082 AA03 AA04 AA08 AA11 BA04 EC01 EC11 EF01 EF05 EF21 EF22 EF24 JA04
Claims (4)
表面に対し、シールドガス雰囲気中で溶接ワイヤを高速
で回転させながら立向下進させ、肉盛溶接することを特
徴とする立向下進肉盛溶接方法。1. An upright welding method, in which a welding wire is turned upside down while rotating at a high speed in a shield gas atmosphere on a metal panel surface held in a nearly vertical state, and overlay welding is performed. Advance overlay welding method.
とともに、シールドガスにアルゴン、またはアルゴンを
ベースとして活性ガスや他の不活性ガスを混入した混合
ガス、もしくはアルゴンをベースとして活性ガスと他の
不活性ガスを共に混入した混合ガスを用い、ワイヤ先端
の回転径を 2.0〜5.0 mm、回転速度を10〜60Ｈｚに設定
して、回転させることを特徴とする請求項１記載の立向
下進肉盛溶接方法。2. A nickel-based alloy is used for a welding wire, and a shielding gas is argon, or a mixed gas containing an active gas or another inert gas based on argon, or an active gas and another mixed gas based on argon. 2. The vertical movement according to claim 1, wherein the wire is rotated by using a mixed gas mixed with an inert gas, setting the rotation diameter of the wire tip to 2.0 to 5.0 mm and the rotation speed to 10 to 60 Hz. Overlay welding method.
を特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２記載の立向下進肉盛
溶接方法。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a pulse welding power source is used as the welding power source.
ルス電流、又は 220〜280 Ａの直流を用い、溶接電圧を
27〜32Ｖ、溶接速度を 1.0〜1.3 ｍ/minに設定すること
を特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２記載の立向下進肉盛
溶接方法。4. A welding power source using a pulse current of an average current of 200 to 240 A or a direct current of 220 to 280 A, and a welding voltage of
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the welding speed is set to 1.0 to 1.3 m / min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10254707A JP2000084665A (en) | 1998-09-09 | 1998-09-09 | Vertical downward build-up welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10254707A JP2000084665A (en) | 1998-09-09 | 1998-09-09 | Vertical downward build-up welding method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000084665A true JP2000084665A (en) | 2000-03-28 |
Family
ID=17268739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10254707A Pending JP2000084665A (en) | 1998-09-09 | 1998-09-09 | Vertical downward build-up welding method |
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|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000084665A (en) |
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| JP2007210012A (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-23 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and device for overlaying steel tube |
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| WO2012114242A1 (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2012-08-30 | Foster Wheeler North America Corp. | Weld overlay structure and a method of providing a weld overlay structure |
| JP2013154359A (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-15 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing water-cooling wall panel |
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-
1998
- 1998-09-09 JP JP10254707A patent/JP2000084665A/en active Pending
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