JP2000081316A - Displacement measuring apparatus and deflection observing apparatus for dam - Google Patents
Displacement measuring apparatus and deflection observing apparatus for damInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000081316A JP2000081316A JP10267214A JP26721498A JP2000081316A JP 2000081316 A JP2000081316 A JP 2000081316A JP 10267214 A JP10267214 A JP 10267214A JP 26721498 A JP26721498 A JP 26721498A JP 2000081316 A JP2000081316 A JP 2000081316A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light source
- catenary
- dam
- unit
- source array
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、例えば被測定部位
から鉛直に延設される懸垂線の変位を検出・測定し、ダ
ム等のような建造物のたわみ変形の観測に好適な変位測
定装置およびそれを用いたダムのたわみ観測装置に関す
るものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a displacement measuring apparatus for detecting and measuring the displacement of a catenary line extending vertically from a portion to be measured, and suitable for observing the bending deformation of a building such as a dam. And a dam deflection observation device using the same.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】例えば、ダム等のような巨大な建造物
は、ダム堤体のみならずそれを支えている基礎岩盤と共
同して外力に抵抗しており、堤体および基礎岩盤の状況
を把握し、常に当該建造物の設計条件に適合しているか
どうか監視し管理する必要がある。このため、巨大建造
物等においては、たわみ変形や変形に伴う内部のストレ
スの発生を検出・測定し、監視する必要がある。図１１
に、一般的なダムの断面の概略構成を模式的に示す。ダ
ム１１０は、基礎岩盤１３０上に建設されている。ダム
１１０の変形や内部のストレスの状況は、ダムの天端１
１０ａが不動岩盤１２０に対して、主として水平方向に
どのように変位しているかによって観測し、判定する。2. Description of the Related Art For example, a huge building such as a dam resists external force in cooperation with not only a dam embankment but also a foundation rock supporting the dam and a condition of the embankment and the foundation rock. It is necessary to grasp and constantly monitor and manage whether the building conforms to the design conditions. For this reason, in a huge building or the like, it is necessary to detect, measure, and monitor flexural deformation and the occurrence of internal stress accompanying the deformation. FIG.
FIG. 1 schematically shows a schematic configuration of a cross section of a general dam. The dam 110 is constructed on a foundation bedrock 130. The state of the deformation and internal stress of the dam 110 is determined by the top 1 of the dam.
Observation and judgment are made based on how the 10a is displaced mainly with respect to the immovable bedrock 120 in the horizontal direction.
【０００３】通常の場合、測定室１１０ｂを直接的に不
動岩盤１２０上に設けることは膨大なコストがかかり、
経済的な観点から事実上困難であるので、測定室１１０
ｂと不動岩盤１２０との間の変位と、測定室１１０ｂと
ダム天端１１０ａとの間の変位を測定し、それらの変位
の和として、不動岩盤１２０に対するダム天端１１０ａ
の変位を求めている。測定室１１０ｂとダム天端１１０
ａとの間の変位は、次のようにして測定する。ダム天端
１１０ａから測定室１１０ｂまで貫通する垂直孔１１０
ｃを設け、ダム天端１１０ａから錘が先端に付いた懸垂
線１４０を垂下させる。該懸垂線１４０の変位を、測定
室１１０ｂに設けた変位測定装置１５０によって測定す
る。この懸垂線１４０の変位が、測定室１１０ｂとダム
天端１１０ａとの間の変位に相当する。In a normal case, providing the measurement chamber 110b directly on the immovable bedrock 120 requires enormous cost,
Since it is practically difficult from an economic point of view, the measuring chamber 110
b, and the displacement between the measurement room 110b and the dam top 110a are measured, and the sum of those displacements is calculated as the sum of the displacements of the dam top 110a with respect to the immovable bed 120.
Is required. Measurement room 110b and dam top 110
The displacement between a and m is measured as follows. Vertical hole 110 penetrating from dam top 110a to measurement chamber 110b
c is provided, and a catenary 140 having a weight attached to the tip thereof is suspended from the dam top 110a. The displacement of the catenary 140 is measured by a displacement measuring device 150 provided in the measuring chamber 110b. The displacement of the catenary 140 corresponds to the displacement between the measurement chamber 110b and the dam top 110a.
【０００４】また、測定室１１０ｂと不動岩盤１２０と
の間の変位は、次のようにして測定する。測定室１１０
ｂから基礎岩盤１３０を貫いて不動岩盤１２０に達する
垂直孔１１０ｄ を掘り、該垂直孔１１０ｄ の先端部
にアンカーベース１１０ｅを形成する。該アンカーベー
ス１１０ｅから上端に浮き装置１４０ａ′を取着した逆
懸垂線１４０′を設けて、該浮き装置１４０ａ′により
牽引して逆懸垂線１４０′を鉛直方向に立設し、該逆懸
垂線１４０′の変位を変位測定装置１５０′で測定す
る。この逆懸垂線１４０′の変位が、測定室１１０ｂと
不動岩盤１２０との間の変位に相当する。[0004] The displacement between the measuring chamber 110b and the immovable bedrock 120 is measured as follows. Measurement room 110
Then, a vertical hole 110d which penetrates from the base rock 130 and reaches the immovable rock mass 120 through the foundation rock mass 130 is dug, and an anchor base 110e is formed at the tip of the vertical hole 110d. An inverted catenary 140 'having a floating device 140a' attached to the upper end from the anchor base 110e is provided, and the floating catenary 140 'is pulled by the floating device 140a' to vertically stand the inverted catenary 140 '. The displacement 140 'is measured by the displacement measuring device 150'. The displacement of the inverted catenary 140 ′ corresponds to the displacement between the measurement chamber 110 b and the immovable rock 120.
【０００５】逆懸垂線１４０′は、重力によって垂下す
る代わりに、浮力によって浮上させることにより鉛直方
向に延設されるが、向きが異なるだけで実質的には懸垂
線１４０と同一の機能を呈する。すなわち、広義の懸垂
線には、下方に延びる懸垂線１４０も、上方に延びる逆
懸垂線１４０′も含まれる。したがって、変位測定装置
１５０および１５０′は、同様の装置構成を用いる。従
来の変位測定装置１５０の一例の構成を図１２に示す。
ここでは、懸垂線１４０および１４０′の両者を代表し
て懸垂線１４０とし、変位測定装置１５０および１５
０′の両者を代表して変位測定装置１５０として説明す
る。[0005] The inverted catenary 140 'is extended in the vertical direction by floating by buoyancy instead of hanging down by gravity, but has substantially the same function as the catenary 140 only in a different direction. . That is, the catenary in a broad sense includes a catenary 140 extending downward and a catenary 140 'extending upward. Therefore, the displacement measuring devices 150 and 150 'use the same device configuration. FIG. 12 shows a configuration of an example of a conventional displacement measuring device 150.
Here, both catenary lines 140 and 140 'are represented as catenary lines 140, and displacement measurement devices 150 and 15' are used.
A description will be given of the displacement measuring device 150 as a representative of both of them.
【０００６】光源１５１から射出された光をレンズ１５
２で平行光束Ｂ０に変換しさらに、鏡１５３で反射偏向
した平行光束Ｂ１を、懸垂線１４０に照射する。測定光
束Ｂ１は、懸垂線１４０により中央部が遮蔽されて、左
側光束Ｂ２と右側光束Ｂ３となって、鏡１５４で反射さ
れ、それぞれ第１の受光器１５５Ａと第２の受光器１５
５Ｂに入射される。これらの機構は、目盛付き摺動機構
１５６の可動ベース１５６ａ上に一体に設けられてい
る。目盛付き摺動機構１５６は、送りねじ１５６ｂによ
り可動ベース１５６ａを図１２において左右方向にスラ
イド移動させるとともに、そのスライド移動量を送りね
じ１５６ｂの送り角度等により指示する目盛を有する機
構である。受光器１５５Ａと受光器１５５Ｂに入射する
光量が等しくなるように、可動ベース１５６ａを送りね
じ１５６ｂでスライド移動させて、このスライド移動量
を目盛により計測する。すなわち、常に懸垂線１４０が
測定光束Ｂ１の中心に位置するように、可動ベース１５
６ａで追随させ、その可動ベース１５６ａの位置に基づ
いて懸垂線１４０の変位を測定する。The light emitted from the light source 151 is
The parallel light beam B1 is converted into a parallel light beam B0 at 2 and the parallel light beam B1 reflected and deflected by the mirror 153 is applied to the catenary 140. The measurement light beam B1 is shielded at the center by a catenary line 140, becomes a left light beam B2 and a right light beam B3, is reflected by a mirror 154, and is reflected by a first light receiver 155A and a second light receiver 15 respectively.
5B. These mechanisms are provided integrally on a movable base 156a of the graduated sliding mechanism 156. The sliding mechanism 156 with a scale is a mechanism having a scale for moving the movable base 156a in the left-right direction in FIG. 12 by a feed screw 156b and indicating the amount of the slide movement by a feed angle of the feed screw 156b. The movable base 156a is slid with the feed screw 156b so that the light amounts incident on the light receiver 155A and the light receiver 155B are equal, and the slide movement amount is measured on a scale. That is, the movable base 15 is moved so that the catenary 140 is always located at the center of the measurement light beam B1.
6a, and the displacement of the catenary 140 is measured based on the position of the movable base 156a.
【０００７】図１２に示した構成では、一方向のみの変
位量しか測定することができないが、懸垂線１４０の変
位は、水平面内における２次元の変位である。そこで、
図１３に示すように、図１２の変位測定装置１５０にお
いて目盛付き摺動機構１５６の可動ベース１５６ａ上に
設けられた機構と同様のＸ方向変位測定機構１５０Ｘと
Ｙ方向変位測定機構１５０Ｙを積層配置し、さらに目盛
付きの２次元摺動機構１５０Ｚの上に載置する。２次元
摺動機構１５０Ｚは、Ｘ方向送りねじ１５０Ｚaおよび
Ｙ方向送りねじ１５０Ｚbで可動ベース１５０ＺcをＸ方
向およびＹ方向にそれぞれスライド移動させ、各送りね
じ１５０Ｚaおよび１５０Ｚbの回転角度でＸ方向および
Ｙ方向の２次元変位を検出することができる。In the configuration shown in FIG. 12, the displacement amount in only one direction can be measured, but the displacement of the catenary 140 is a two-dimensional displacement in a horizontal plane. Therefore,
As shown in FIG. 13, an X-direction displacement measurement mechanism 150X and a Y-direction displacement measurement mechanism 150Y similar to the mechanisms provided on the movable base 156a of the graduated sliding mechanism 156 in the displacement measurement apparatus 150 of FIG. Then, it is placed on the scaled two-dimensional sliding mechanism 150Z. The two-dimensional sliding mechanism 150Z slides the movable base 150Zc in the X direction and the Y direction with the X direction feed screw 150Za and the Y direction feed screw 150Zb, respectively, and rotates the movable base 150Zc in the X direction and the Y direction with the rotation angle of each feed screw 150Za and 150Zb. Can be detected.
【０００８】変位を計測する方法としては、懸垂線１４
０にパーマロイなどの強磁性体を添設し、図１２に示し
た光により懸垂線１４０の位置を検出する機構に代え
て、磁気センサを上述と同様の目盛付き摺動機構に搭載
して、上述の場合と同様にスライド移動させることによ
り、懸垂線１４０の位置を求める方法もある。懸垂線１
４０のＸ方向およびＹ方向の移動は、移動方向や移動量
を予測することができないため、上述したいずれの方法
でも、斜めの方向から測定すると、視差による誤差を生
ずる。したがって、視差を常に零にするように測定機器
を配置しなければならない。例えば、Ｘ方向の変位量の
測定に際しては、測定用の測定光束Ｂ１の光軸を正しく
Ｙ方向に向けて配置する必要がある。このため、変位測
定装置の位置測定機構部は、摺動機構により常に平行移
動させる必要があった。[0008] As a method of measuring the displacement, the catenary 14
0, a ferromagnetic material such as permalloy is added, and instead of the mechanism for detecting the position of the catenary line 140 by the light shown in FIG. 12, a magnetic sensor is mounted on a graduated sliding mechanism similar to the above, There is also a method of determining the position of the catenary 140 by sliding the same as in the above case. Catenary 1
Since the movement direction and the movement amount of the movement in the X direction and the Y direction of 40 cannot be predicted, any of the methods described above causes an error due to parallax when measured from an oblique direction. Therefore, the measuring instruments must be arranged so that the parallax is always zero. For example, when measuring the amount of displacement in the X direction, it is necessary to arrange the optical axis of the measurement light beam B1 for measurement correctly in the Y direction. For this reason, the position measuring mechanism of the displacement measuring device must always be translated by a sliding mechanism.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】いずれにしても、従来
の変位測定装置においては、懸垂線１４０の位置を測定
するのに、目盛付き摺動機構１５６等を利用している。
しかしながら、上述したような機械的な摺動機構では、
移動させる機構のバックラッシュにより停止する位置が
変動したり、また、長期間にわたって使用していると摺
動面が劣化して、平行に移動しなくなり、視差による誤
差が生ずるおそれがある。本発明は、上述した事情に鑑
みてなされたもので、摺動機構を用いることなく懸垂線
の変位の測定を可能とし、視差による誤差の発生のおそ
れもなく、長期にわたって安定で確実な測定を可能とす
る変位測定装置およびそれを用いたダムのたわみ観測装
置を提供することを目的としている。In any case, in the conventional displacement measuring device, a scaled sliding mechanism 156 or the like is used to measure the position of the catenary 140.
However, in the mechanical sliding mechanism as described above,
The position at which the moving mechanism stops due to backlash may fluctuate, or if used for a long period of time, the sliding surface may be deteriorated and may not move in parallel, causing an error due to parallax. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and enables measurement of catenary line displacement without using a sliding mechanism, without the risk of occurrence of errors due to parallax, and stable and reliable measurement for a long period of time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a displacement measuring device which can be used and a device for observing deflection of a dam using the device.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１に記載した本発
明に係る変位測定装置は、上述した目的を達成するため
に、被計測物体の位置を指示する位置指示棒と前記位置
指示棒に対しほぼ直角に交差する平面上で、前記位置指
示棒の側方に配置され、複数の単位光源が一列に配列さ
れてなる光源列手段と、前記位置指示棒を挟んで前記光
源列手段に対峙して配置され、入射光の１次元情報を得
る１次元センサ手段と、前記光源列手段の各単位光源を
選択的に駆動する光源駆動手段と、前記光源駆動手段に
駆動される光源列手段により前記１次元センサ手段の入
射面に形成される前記位置指示棒の陰影の位置を、前記
１次元センサの１次元情報から検出し、該陰影位置に基
づいて前記位置指示棒の変位を求める変位算定手段とを
具備することを特徴としている。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a displacement measuring apparatus comprising: a position indicating rod for indicating a position of an object to be measured; On a plane that intersects at a right angle, the light source array means is arranged on the side of the position indicating rod, and a plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a line, and faces the light source array means with the position indicating rod interposed therebetween. A one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light, a light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means, and a light source array means driven by the light source driving means Displacement calculation for detecting the position of the shadow of the position pointing rod formed on the incident surface of the one-dimensional sensor means from the one-dimensional information of the one-dimensional sensor, and calculating the displacement of the position pointing rod based on the shadow position. Means. It is set to.
【００１１】請求項２に記載した本発明に係る変位測定
装置は、上述した目的を達成するために、懸垂線の側方
に配置され複数の単位光源が一列に配列されてなる光源
列手段と、前記懸垂線を挟んで前記光源列手段に対峙し
て配置され、入射光の１次元情報を得る１次元センサ手
段と、前記光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動する
光源駆動手段と、前記光源駆動手段に駆動される光源列
手段により前記１次元センサ手段の入射面に形成される
前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１次元センサの１次元
情報から検出し、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変
位を求める変位算定手段とを具備することを特徴として
いる。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a displacement measuring apparatus comprising: a light source array means having a plurality of unit light sources arranged in a line arranged on a side of a catenary line in order to achieve the above object. A one-dimensional sensor means arranged to face the light source array means with the catenary line interposed therebetween to obtain one-dimensional information of incident light; and a light source drive means for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means. Detecting, from the one-dimensional information of the one-dimensional sensor, the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the entrance surface of the one-dimensional sensor by the light source array means driven by the light source driving means; Displacement calculating means for calculating the displacement of the catenary based on the calculated value.
【００１２】請求項３に記載した本発明に係る変位測定
装置は、上述した目的を達成するために、懸垂線の側方
に配置され複数の単位光源が一列に配列されてなる第１
の光源列手段と、前記懸垂線を挟んで前記第１の光源列
手段に平行に対峙して配置され、入射光の１次元情報を
得る第１の１次元センサ手段と、前記懸垂線の側方に配
置され複数の単位光源が、前記第１の光源列手段に対し
て直交する方向に一列に配列されてなる第２の光源列手
段と、前記懸垂線を挟んで前記第２の光源列手段に平行
に対峙して配置され、入射光の１次元情報を得る第２の
１次元センサ手段と、前記第１および第２の光源列手段
の各単位光源を選択的に駆動する光源駆動手段と、前記
光源駆動手段に駆動される前記第１および第２の光源列
手段により前記第１および第２の１次元センサ手段の入
射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記各１
次元センサ手段の１次元情報から検出し、該陰影位置に
基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求める変位算定手段とを具
備することを特徴としている。According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a displacement measuring device according to the present invention, wherein a plurality of unit light sources are arranged on a side of a catenary and arranged in a line.
Light source array means, first one-dimensional sensor means arranged in parallel with and facing the first light source array means with the catenary line interposed therebetween to obtain one-dimensional information of incident light, and a side of the catenary line A plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a row in a direction orthogonal to the first light source row means, and the second light source row with the catenary line interposed therebetween. Second one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light, and light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the first and second light source array means. And the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the entrance surface of the first and second one-dimensional sensor means by the first and second light source array means driven by the light source driving means, 1
And a displacement calculating means for detecting the displacement of the catenary line based on the shadow position, based on the one-dimensional information of the dimension sensor means.
【００１３】請求項４に記載した本発明に係る変位測定
装置は、上述した目的を達成するために、懸垂線を囲ん
で四方に配置され、それぞれ複数の単位光源が一列に配
列されてなる第１〜第４の光源列手段と、前記第１〜第
４の光源列手段にそれぞれ前記懸垂線を挟んで平行に対
峙して四方に配置され、それぞれ入射光の１次元情報を
得る第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段と、前記第１〜第４
の光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動する光源駆動
手段と、前記光源駆動手段に駆動される前記第１〜第４
の光源列手段により前記第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段
の各入射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前
記第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段の各１次元情報から検
出し、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求める
変位算定手段とを具備することを特徴としている。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a displacement measuring apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a line around a catenary line, and a plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a line. The first to fourth light source array means and the first to fourth light source array means are respectively arranged on four sides facing each other in parallel with the catenary line interposed therebetween to obtain one-dimensional information of incident light. Fourth one-dimensional sensor means, the first to fourth
Light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means, and the first to fourth light sources driven by the light source driving means.
The position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on each of the incident surfaces of the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means by the light source array means is determined from each one-dimensional information of the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means. And a displacement calculating means for detecting and detecting the displacement of the catenary based on the shadow position.
【００１４】請求項５に記載した本発明に係るダムのた
わみ観測装置は、上述した目的を達成するために、ダム
の基準点から、当該ダムの内部に鉛直に延設される懸垂
線を形成する懸垂線手段と、前記ダムの内壁に固定され
て、前記懸垂線の側方に配置され複数の単位光源が一列
に配列されてなる光源列手段と、前記ダムの内壁に固定
されて、前記懸垂線を挟んで前記光源列手段に対峙して
配置され、入射光の１次元情報を得る１次元センサ手段
と、前記光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動する光
源駆動手段と、前記光源駆動手段に駆動される光源列手
段により前記１次元センサ手段の入射面に形成される前
記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１次元情報から検出し、
該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求め、ダムの
たわみを観測する変位算定手段とを具備することを特徴
としている。According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a catenary line extending vertically from the dam reference point to the inside of the dam is formed. Catenary wire means, fixed to the inner wall of the dam, a light source array means in which a plurality of unit light sources are arranged on the side of the catenary wire and arranged in a row, and fixed to the inner wall of the dam, One-dimensional sensor means arranged to face the light source array means with a catenary line interposed therebetween, and one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light; light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means; Detecting, from the one-dimensional information, the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the incident surface of the one-dimensional sensor means by the light source array means driven by the light source driving means;
A displacement calculating unit that obtains a displacement of the catenary based on the shadow position and observes a deflection of the dam.
【００１５】請求項６に記載した本発明に係るダムのた
わみ観測装置は、上述した目的を達成するために、ダム
の基準点から、当該ダムの内部に鉛直に延設される懸垂
線を形成する懸垂線手段と、前記ダムの内壁に固定され
て、前記懸垂線の側方に配置され複数の単位光源が一列
に配列されてなる第１の光源列手段と、前記ダムの内壁
に固定されて、前記懸垂線を挟んで前記第１の光源列手
段に平行に対峙して配置され、入射光の１次元情報を得
る第１の１次元センサ手段と、前記ダムの内壁に固定さ
れて、前記懸垂線の側方に配置され複数の単位光源が、
前記第１の光源列手段に対して直交する方向に一列に配
列されてなる第２の光源列手段と、前記ダムの内壁に固
定されて、前記懸垂線を挟んで前記第２の光源列手段に
平行に対峙して配置され、入射光の１次元情報を得る第
２の１次元センサ手段と、前記第１および第２の光源列
手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動する光源駆動手段と、
前記光源駆動手段に駆動される前記第１および第２の光
源列手段により前記第１および第２の１次元センサ手段
の入射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記
各１次元センサ手段の１次元情報から検出し、該陰影位
置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求め、ダムのたわみを
観測する変位算定手段とを具備することを特徴としてい
る。According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a catenary line extending vertically from a dam reference point to the inside of the dam is formed. Catenary wire means, fixed to the inner wall of the dam, first light source row means in which a plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a row and arranged on the side of the catenary wire, and fixed to the inner wall of the dam. A first one-dimensional sensor means arranged to face the first light source array means in parallel with the catenary line therebetween to obtain one-dimensional information of incident light, and fixed to an inner wall of the dam; A plurality of unit light sources arranged beside the catenary line,
A second array of light sources arranged in a row in a direction perpendicular to the first array of light sources, and the second array of light sources fixed to the inner wall of the dam with the catenary line interposed therebetween; Second one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light, and light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the first and second light source array means. ,
The positions of the shadows of the catenary lines formed on the entrance surfaces of the first and second one-dimensional sensor means by the first and second light source array means driven by the light source driving means are each one-dimensionally. And a displacement calculating means for detecting the displacement of the catenary line based on the one-dimensional information of the sensor means, obtaining the displacement of the catenary line based on the shadow position, and observing the deflection of the dam.
【００１６】請求項７に記載した本発明に係るダムのた
わみ観測装置は、上述した目的を達成するために、ダム
の基準点から、当該ダムの内部に鉛直に延設される懸垂
線を形成する懸垂線手段と、前記ダムの内壁に固定され
て、前記懸垂線を囲んで四方に配置され、それぞれ複数
の単位光源が一列に配列されてなる第１〜第４の光源列
手段と、前記ダムの内壁に固定されて、前記第１〜第４
の光源列手段にそれぞれ前記懸垂線を挟んで平行に対峙
して四方に配置され、それぞれ入射光の１次元情報を得
る第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段と、前記第１〜第４の
光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動する光源駆動手
段と、前記光源駆動手段に駆動される前記第１〜第４の
光源列手段により前記第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段の
各入射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記
第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段の各１次元情報から検出
し、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求め、ダ
ムのたわみを観測する変位算定手段とを具備することを
特徴としている。According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a catenary line vertically extending from the dam reference point to the inside of the dam is formed. Catenary wire means, fixed to the inner wall of the dam, arranged in four directions around the catenary wire, a plurality of unit light sources arranged in a line, respectively, the first to fourth light source row means, Fixed to the inner wall of the dam, the first to fourth
A first to a fourth one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light, respectively arranged in four sides opposite to each other with the catenary line interposed therebetween in parallel with the light source array means; Light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means, and each of the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means by the first to fourth light source array means driven by the light source driving means A position of a shadow of the catenary line formed on the incident surface is detected from each one-dimensional information of the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means, and a displacement of the catenary line is obtained based on the shadow position. And a displacement calculating means for observing the deflection of the object.
【００１７】請求項８に記載した本発明に係るダムのた
わみ観測装置における前記第１〜第４の光源列手段およ
び第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段は、前記懸垂線に垂直
に交わるほぼ同一平面上に配置され、且つ前記変位算定
手段は、前記第１〜第４の光源列手段により形成される
陰影を、各対峙する１次元センサ手段およびそれに隣接
する１次元センサ手段により検出する構成としたことを
特徴としている。The first to fourth light source row means and the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means in the dam bending observation apparatus according to the present invention described in claim 8 are substantially perpendicular to the catenary line. Arranged on the same plane, wherein the displacement calculating means detects a shadow formed by the first to fourth light source row means by the one-dimensional sensor means facing each other and the one-dimensional sensor means adjacent thereto. It is characterized by having.
【００１８】請求項９に記載した本発明に係るダムのた
わみ観測装置は、上述した目的を達成するために、ダム
の基準点から、当該ダムの内部に鉛直に延設される懸垂
線を形成する懸垂線手段と、前記ダムの内壁に固定され
て、前記懸垂線を囲む円周上に配列される複数の単位光
源からなる光源列手段と、前記ダムの内壁に固定され
て、前記懸垂線を囲む多角形を形成して、該多角形の各
辺にそれぞれ前記懸垂線を挟んで前記単位光源に対峙し
て配置され、それぞれ入射光の１次元情報を得る複数の
１次元センサ手段と、前記光源列手段の各単位光源を選
択的に駆動する光源駆動手段と、前記光源駆動手段に駆
動される前記複数の各単位光源により前記複数の１次元
センサ手段の各入射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の
位置を、前記複数の１次元センサ手段の各１次元情報か
ら検出し、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求
め、ダムのたわみを観測する変位算定手段とを具備する
ことを特徴としている。According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a catenary line extending vertically from the dam reference point to the inside of the dam is formed. Catenary wire means, light source array means comprising a plurality of unit light sources fixed on the inner wall of the dam and arranged on a circumference surrounding the catenary wire, and the catenary wire fixed to the inner wall of the dam. A plurality of one-dimensional sensor means for forming a polygon surrounding the unit light source, each of which is arranged to face the unit light source with the catenary line interposed therebetween on each side of the polygon, and obtains one-dimensional information of incident light, A light source driving unit for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array unit; and the plurality of unit light sources driven by the light source driving unit, each of which is formed on each incident surface of the one-dimensional sensor unit. The positions of the catenary shadows are Detected from the one-dimensional information dimension sensor means obtains the displacement of the catenary based on said cathode shadow position, it is characterized by comprising a displacement calculating means for observing the deflection of the dam.
【００１９】請求項１０に記載した本発明に係るダムの
たわみ観測装置は、上述した目的を達成するために、ダ
ムの基準点から、当該ダムの内部に鉛直に延設される懸
垂線を形成する懸垂線手段と、前記ダムの内壁に固定さ
れて、前記懸垂線を囲む円周上に配列される複数の単位
光源からなる光源列手段と、前記ダムの内壁に固定され
て、前記光源列手段と同様に円周上に配列され、前記光
源列手段を形成する複数の単位光源に前記懸垂線を挟ん
で対峙して、入射光の１次元情報を得る環状の１次元セ
ンサ手段と、前記光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆
動する光源駆動手段と、前記光源駆動手段に駆動される
前記光源列手段により前記１次元センサ手段の入射面に
形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１次元セン
サ手段の各１次元情報から検出し、該陰影位置に基づい
て前記懸垂線の変位を求め、ダムのたわみを観測する変
位算定手段とを具備することを特徴としている。According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a catenary line vertically extending from the dam reference point to the inside of the dam is formed. Catenary wire means, light source row means comprising a plurality of unit light sources fixed on the inner wall of the dam and arranged on a circumference surrounding the catenary line, and the light source row fixed to the inner wall of the dam Annular one-dimensional sensor means arranged on the circumference similarly to the means, facing the unit light sources forming the light source array means with the catenary line interposed therebetween, and obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light; A light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means; and a position of a shadow of the catenary line formed on an incident surface of the one-dimensional sensor means by the light source array means driven by the light source driving means. To each one dimension of the one-dimensional sensor means. Detected from distribution, obtains a displacement of the catenary based on said cathode shadow position, it is characterized by comprising a displacement calculating means for observing the deflection of the dam.
【００２０】請求項１１に記載した本発明に係るダムの
たわみ観測装置は、前記懸垂線手段が、ダムの天端から
当該ダムの内部に垂下した懸垂線を形成する手段を含む
ことを特徴としている。請求項１２に記載した本発明に
係るダムのたわみ観測装置は、上述した目的を達成する
ために、前記懸垂線手段が、ダムを設置した不動岩盤か
ら当該ダムの内部に鉛直に浮上させた逆懸垂線からなる
懸垂線を形成する手段を含むことを特徴としている。According to a eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the deflection observation apparatus for a dam according to the present invention, the catenary means includes a part forming a catenary hanging from the top end of the dam into the dam. I have. In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the deflection observation device for a dam according to the present invention described in claim 12 is characterized in that the catenary means is vertically inverted from the immovable bedrock where the dam is installed into the inside of the dam. It is characterized in that it includes means for forming a catenary line composed of catenary lines.
【００２１】[0021]
【作用】すなわち、本発明の請求項１による変位測定装
置は、被計測物体の位置を指示する位置指示棒と、前記
位置指示棒に対しほぼ直角に交差する平面上で、前記位
置指示棒の側方に配置され、複数の単位光源が一列に配
列されてなる光源列手段と、前記位置指示棒を挟んで前
記光源列手段に対峙して配置され、入射光の１次元情報
を得る１次元センサ手段と、前記光源列手段の各単位光
源を選択的に駆動する光源駆動手段と、前記光源駆動手
段に駆動される光源列手段により前記１次元センサ手段
の入射面に形成される前記位置指示棒の陰影の位置を、
前記１次元センサの１次元情報から検出し、該陰影位置
に基づいて前記位置指示棒の変位を求める。このような
構成により、光源列手段の選択的駆動と、１次元センサ
手段で得られる１次元情報の解析処理により、摺動機構
を用いることなく位置指示棒の変位の測定を可能とし、
視差による誤差の発生のおそれもなく、長期にわたって
安定で確実な測定が可能となる。In other words, the displacement measuring device according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises a position indicating rod for indicating the position of an object to be measured and a position indicating rod on a plane substantially perpendicular to the position indicating rod. A light source array means which is arranged laterally and in which a plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a line, and a one-dimensional arrangement which is arranged opposite to the light source array means with the position indicating rod interposed therebetween to obtain one-dimensional information of incident light Sensor means, light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means, and the position indication formed on the incident surface of the one-dimensional sensor means by the light source array means driven by the light source driving means The position of the shadow of the bar
The displacement of the position indicating rod is determined based on the one-dimensional information of the one-dimensional sensor and based on the shadow position. With such a configuration, by selectively driving the light source array means and analyzing the one-dimensional information obtained by the one-dimensional sensor means, the displacement of the position pointing rod can be measured without using a sliding mechanism,
There is no risk of an error due to parallax, and stable and reliable measurement can be performed for a long period of time.
【００２２】また、本発明の請求項２による変位測定装
置は、複数の単位光源が一列に配列されてなる光源列手
段と、入射光の１次元情報を得る１次元センサ手段と
が、懸垂線を挟んで互いに対峙して配置され、前記光源
列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動するとともに、前記
１次元センサ手段の入射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰
影の位置を、前記１次元情報から検出して、該陰影位置
に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求める。このような構成
により、光源列手段の選択的駆動と、１次元センサ手段
で得られる１次元情報の解析処理により、摺動機構を用
いることなく懸垂線の変位の測定を可能とし、視差によ
る誤差の発生のおそれもなく、長期にわたって安定で確
実な測定が可能となる。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a displacement measuring device, wherein the light source array means in which a plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a line and the one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light are catenary lines. The unit light sources of the light source array means are selectively driven, and the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the incident surface of the one-dimensional sensor means is determined by the one-dimensional The displacement of the catenary is determined based on the shadow position based on the information. With such a configuration, the displacement of the catenary line can be measured without using a sliding mechanism by the selective driving of the light source array means and the analysis processing of the one-dimensional information obtained by the one-dimensional sensor means. The measurement can be performed stably and reliably over a long period of time without the risk of occurrence of turbidity.
【００２３】また、本発明の請求項３による変位測定装
置は、それぞれ複数の単位光源が一列に配列されてなる
第１および第２の光源列手段を直交配置するとともに、
入射光の１次元情報を得る第１および第２の１次元セン
サ手段を、それぞれ懸垂線を挟んで前記第１および第２
の光源列手段に対峙させて配置し、前記第１および第２
の光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動するととも
に、前記第１および第２の１次元センサ手段の入射面に
形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１次元情報
から検出して、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位
を求める。このような構成により、光源列手段の選択的
駆動と、１次元センサ手段で得られる１次元情報の解析
処理により、摺動機構を用いることなく、簡単な演算処
理による懸垂線の変位の２次元的な測定を可能とし、視
差による誤差の発生のおそれもなく、長期にわたって安
定で確実な測定が可能となる。In the displacement measuring apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention, the first and second light source array means each having a plurality of unit light sources arranged in a line are arranged orthogonally.
First and second one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light are respectively connected to the first and second one-dimensional sensor means with a catenary line interposed therebetween.
And the first and second light source array means.
Selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means, and detecting the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the incident surface of the first and second one-dimensional sensor means from the one-dimensional information. Then, the displacement of the catenary is obtained based on the shadow position. With such a configuration, the two-dimensional displacement of the catenary line can be calculated by simple arithmetic processing without using a sliding mechanism by selectively driving the light source array means and analyzing one-dimensional information obtained by the one-dimensional sensor means. And stable measurement can be performed over a long period of time without any risk of error due to parallax.
【００２４】本発明の請求項４による変位測定装置は、
それぞれ複数の単位光源が一列に配列されてなる第１〜
第４の光源列手段が懸垂線を囲んで四方に配置され、前
記第１〜第４の光源列手段からの入射光の１次元情報を
得る第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段がそれぞれ前記懸垂
線を挟んで平行に対峙して四方に配置されて、前記第１
〜第４の光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動すると
ともに、前記第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段の各入射面
に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記第１〜第
４の１次元センサ手段の各１次元情報から検出して、該
陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求める。このよ
うな構成により、懸垂線の四方に配置される第１〜第４
の光源列手段の選択的駆動と、該光源列手段に対峙する
第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段で得られる１次元情報の
解析処理により、摺動機構を用いることなく、簡単に且
つ正確に懸垂線の変位の２次元的な測定を可能とし、視
差による誤差の発生のおそれもなく、長期にわたって安
定で確実な測定が可能となる。A displacement measuring device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention comprises:
Each of a plurality of unit light sources is arranged in a line,
Fourth light source array means are arranged on all sides around the catenary line, and the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light from the first to fourth light source array means are respectively It is arranged in four sides facing each other in parallel with the catenary line, and the first
Each of the unit light sources of the first to fourth light source array means is selectively driven, and the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on each of the incident surfaces of the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means is determined by the first first light source means. And detecting the displacement of the catenary line based on the shadow position by detecting from each one-dimensional information of the fourth one-dimensional sensor means. With such a configuration, the first to fourth elements arranged on all sides of the catenary
By selectively driving the light source array means and analyzing the one-dimensional information obtained by the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means opposed to the light source array means, simply and accurately without using a sliding mechanism. In addition, two-dimensional measurement of catenary line displacement is possible, and there is no possibility of occurrence of an error due to parallax, and stable and reliable measurement can be performed for a long time.
【００２５】また、本発明の請求項５によるダムのたわ
み観測装置は、複数の単位光源が一列に配列されてなる
光源列手段と、入射光の１次元情報を得る１次元センサ
手段とが、ダムの基準点から当該ダムの内部に鉛直に延
設される懸垂線を挟んで互いに対峙して配置され、前記
光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動するとともに、
前記１次元センサ手段の入射面に形成される前記懸垂線
の陰影の位置を、前記１次元情報から検出して、該陰影
位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求め、ダムのたわみ
を観測する。このような構成により、光源列手段の選択
的駆動と、１次元センサ手段で得られる１次元情報の解
析処理により、摺動機構を用いることなく懸垂線の変位
の測定を可能とし、視差による誤差の発生のおそれもな
く、長期にわたって安定で確実な、ダムのたわみの観測
が可能となる。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dam deflection observing apparatus comprising: a light source array means in which a plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a line; and a one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light. From the reference point of the dam are arranged facing each other with a catenary line extending vertically inside the dam, and selectively drive each unit light source of the light source array means,
The position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the incident surface of the one-dimensional sensor means is detected from the one-dimensional information, the displacement of the catenary line is obtained based on the shadow position, and the deflection of the dam is observed. . With such a configuration, the displacement of the catenary line can be measured without using a sliding mechanism by the selective driving of the light source array means and the analysis processing of the one-dimensional information obtained by the one-dimensional sensor means. It is possible to observe the deflection of the dam stably and reliably over a long period without the risk of occurrence of damping.
【００２６】本発明の請求項６によるダムのたわみ観測
装置は、それぞれ複数の単位光源が一列に配列されてな
る第１および第２の光源列手段を直交配置するととも
に、入射光の１次元情報を得る第１および第２の１次元
センサ手段を、それぞれダムの基準点から当該ダムの内
部に鉛直に延設される懸垂線を挟んで、前記第１および
第２の光源列手段に対峙させて配置し、前記第１および
第２の光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動するとと
もに、前記第１および第２の１次元センサ手段の入射面
に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１次元情
報から検出して、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変
位を求め、ダムのたわみを観測する。このような構成に
より、光源列手段の選択的駆動と、１次元センサ手段で
得られる１次元情報の解析処理により、摺動機構を用い
ることなく、簡単な演算処理による懸垂線の変位の２次
元的な測定を可能とし、視差による誤差の発生のおそれ
もなく、長期にわたって安定で確実な、ダムのたわみの
観測が可能となる。According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for observing deflection of a dam, wherein first and second light source array means each having a plurality of unit light sources arranged in a line are arranged orthogonally, and one-dimensional information of incident light is provided. And the first and second one-dimensional sensor means are respectively opposed to the first and second light source row means with a catenary line extending vertically inside the dam from a reference point of the dam. To selectively drive each unit light source of the first and second light source array means, and to form a shadow of the catenary line formed on the entrance surface of the first and second one-dimensional sensor means. A position is detected from the one-dimensional information, a displacement of the catenary is obtained based on the shadow position, and a deflection of the dam is observed. With such a configuration, the two-dimensional displacement of the catenary line can be calculated by simple arithmetic processing without using a sliding mechanism by selectively driving the light source array means and analyzing one-dimensional information obtained by the one-dimensional sensor means. This makes it possible to perform stable measurements and observe the deflection of the dam stably and reliably over a long period of time without the risk of errors due to parallax.
【００２７】本発明の請求項７によるダムのたわみ観測
装置は、それぞれ複数の単位光源を一列に配列してなる
第１〜第４の光源列手段が、ダムの基準点から当該ダム
の内部に鉛直に延設される懸垂線を囲んで四方に配置さ
れ、前記第１〜第４の光源列手段からの入射光の１次元
情報を得る第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段がそれぞれ前
記懸垂線を挟んで平行に対峙して四方に配置されて、前
記第１〜第４の光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動
するとともに、前記第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段の入
射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１次
元情報から検出して、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線
の変位を求め、ダムのたわみを観測する。このような構
成により、懸垂線の四方に配置される第１〜第４の光源
列手段の選択的駆動と、該光源列手段に対峙する第１〜
第４の１次元センサ手段で得られる１次元情報の解析処
理により、摺動機構を用いることなく、簡単に且つ正確
に懸垂線の変位の２次元的な測定を可能とし、視差によ
る誤差の発生のおそれもなく、長期にわたって安定で確
実な、ダムのたわみの観測が可能となる。According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dam bending observation apparatus, wherein a plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a line, and the first to fourth light source array means are arranged inside the dam from a reference point of the dam. The first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means which are arranged on all sides around a vertically extending catenary line and which obtain one-dimensional information of incident light from the first to fourth light source array means are respectively suspended. Arranged in parallel on opposite sides of the line to selectively drive each of the unit light sources of the first to fourth light source array means, and to enter the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means. The position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the surface is detected from the one-dimensional information, the displacement of the catenary line is determined based on the shadow position, and the deflection of the dam is observed. With such a configuration, the selective driving of the first to fourth light source array means disposed on all sides of the catenary, and the first to fourth light source array means facing the light source array means
By analyzing the one-dimensional information obtained by the fourth one-dimensional sensor means, it is possible to easily and accurately measure the displacement of the catenary line two-dimensionally without using a sliding mechanism, and to generate an error due to parallax. It is possible to observe the deflection of the dam stably and reliably for a long time without fear of the dam.
【００２８】本発明の請求項８によるダムのたわみ観測
装置は、前記第１〜第４の光源列手段および第１〜第４
の１次元センサ手段を、ダムの基準点から当該ダムの内
部に鉛直に延設される懸垂線が垂直に交わるほぼ同一平
面上に配置し、且つ前記変位算定手段は、前記第１〜第
４の光源列手段により形成される陰影を、各対峙する１
次元センサ手段およびそれに隣接する１次元センサ手段
により検出する。このような構成により、懸垂線の四方
に配置される第１〜第４の光源列手段の射出光による該
懸垂線の陰影情報が、該光源列手段にそれぞれ正対する
第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段のみで検出できない場合
には、当該１次元センサ手段に隣接する１次元センサ手
段の１次元情報をも用いた解析処理により、摺動機構を
用いることなく、簡単に且つ正確に懸垂線の変位の２次
元的な測定を可能とし、視差による誤差の発生のおそれ
もなく、長期にわたって安定で確実な、ダムのたわみの
観測が可能となる。According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the dam bending observation apparatus, wherein the first to fourth light source array means and the first to fourth light source array means are provided.
Is arranged on substantially the same plane where a catenary line vertically extending from the reference point of the dam to the inside of the dam intersects vertically, and the displacement calculating means includes the first to fourth displacement sensors. The shadow formed by the light source array means of
Detection is performed by the dimension sensor means and the one-dimensional sensor means adjacent thereto. With such a configuration, the shadow information of the catenary due to the light emitted from the first to fourth light source trains arranged on four sides of the catenary can be used as the first to fourth ones respectively facing the light source train. When the detection cannot be performed by only the one-dimensional sensor means, the catenary line can be easily and accurately obtained by an analysis process using the one-dimensional information of the one-dimensional sensor means adjacent to the one-dimensional sensor means without using a sliding mechanism. The displacement of the dam can be measured two-dimensionally, and there is no possibility of occurrence of an error due to parallax, and stable and reliable observation of the deflection of the dam can be performed over a long period of time.
【００２９】本発明の請求項９によるダムのたわみ観測
装置は、光源列手段の複数の単位光源が、ダムの基準点
から当該ダムの内部に鉛直に延設される懸垂線を囲んで
環状をなして配置され、前記各単位光源からの入射光の
１次元情報を得る複数の１次元センサ手段がそれぞれ前
記懸垂線を挟んで対峙して多角形をなして配置されて、
前記光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動するととも
に、前記複数の１次元センサ手段の入射面に形成される
前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１次元情報から検出し
て、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求め、ダ
ムのたわみを観測する。このような構成により、懸垂線
の周囲に環状に配置される光源列手段の複数の単位光源
の選択的駆動と、該光源列手段に対峙する複数の１次元
センサ手段で得られる１次元情報の解析処理とにより、
摺動機構を用いることなく、簡単に且つ正確に懸垂線の
変位の２次元的な測定を可能とし、視差による誤差の発
生のおそれもなく、長期にわたって安定で確実な、ダム
のたわみの観測が可能となる。According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dam bending observation apparatus, wherein the plurality of unit light sources of the light source array means surround a catenary line extending vertically from the reference point of the dam into the inside of the dam. A plurality of one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light from each of the unit light sources are arranged in a polygon facing each other with the catenary line interposed therebetween;
While selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means, detecting the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the incident surface of the plurality of one-dimensional sensor means from the one-dimensional information, The displacement of the catenary is determined based on the position, and the deflection of the dam is observed. With such a configuration, the selective driving of the plurality of unit light sources of the light source array means annularly arranged around the catenary line, and the one-dimensional information of the one-dimensional information obtained by the plurality of one-dimensional sensor means facing the light source array means. By the analysis process,
It enables simple and accurate two-dimensional measurement of catenary line displacement without using a sliding mechanism, and there is no danger of errors due to parallax, and stable and reliable observation of dam deflection over a long period of time. It becomes possible.
【００３０】本発明の請求項１０によるダムのたわみ観
測装置は、ダムの基準点から当該ダムの内部に鉛直に延
設される懸垂線を囲む円周上に配列される複数の単位光
源からなる光源列手段と、前記光源列手段と同様に円周
上に配列され、前記光源列手段を形成する複数の単位光
源に前記懸垂線を挟んで対峙して、入射光の１次元情報
を得る環状の１次元センサ手段とを配置し、前記光源列
手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動するとともに、前記複
数の１次元センサ手段の入射面に形成される前記懸垂線
の陰影の位置を、前記１次元情報から検出して、該陰影
位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求め、ダムのたわみ
を観測する。このような構成により、懸垂線を囲む円周
上に配置される複数の光源列手段の選択的駆動と、該光
源列手段の各単位光源に懸垂線を介して対峙する１次元
センサ手段で得られる１次元情報の解析処理とにより、
摺動機構を用いることなく、簡単に且つ正確に懸垂線の
変位の２次元的な測定を可能とし、視差による誤差の発
生のおそれもなく、長期にわたって安定で確実な、ダム
のたわみの観測が可能となる。According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for observing deflection of a dam, comprising a plurality of unit light sources arranged on a circumference surrounding a catenary vertically extending from the reference point of the dam into the dam. An annular array of light source array means and one-dimensional information of incident light, which is arranged on the circumference similarly to the light source array means, and faces a plurality of unit light sources forming the light source array means with the catenary line interposed therebetween; And one-dimensional sensor means for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means, and setting the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the incident surface of the plurality of one-dimensional sensor means, The displacement of the catenary is detected based on the one-dimensional information, and the deflection of the dam is observed based on the shadow position. With such a configuration, it is possible to selectively drive the plurality of light source array means arranged on the circumference surrounding the catenary line, and obtain the one-dimensional sensor means facing each unit light source of the light source array means via the catenary line. By analyzing the one-dimensional information obtained,
It enables simple and accurate two-dimensional measurement of catenary line displacement without using a sliding mechanism, and there is no danger of errors due to parallax, and stable and reliable observation of dam deflection over a long period of time. It becomes possible.
【００３１】本発明の請求項１１によるダムのたわみ観
測装置は、前記懸垂線手段が、ダムの天端から当該ダム
の内部に垂下した懸垂線を形成する手段を含む。このよ
うな構成により、変位測定個所に対するダムの天端の変
位を有効に観測することができる。本発明の請求項１２
によるダムのたわみ観測装置は、前記懸垂線手段が、ダ
ムが設置された不動岩盤から当該ダムの内部に鉛直に浮
上させた逆懸垂線からなる懸垂線を形成する手段を含
む。このような構成により、不動岩盤に対する変位測定
個所の変位を有効に観測することができる。According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dam deflection observation apparatus, wherein the catenary means includes a catenary hanging from a top end of the dam to the inside of the dam. With such a configuration, the displacement of the top of the dam with respect to the displacement measurement point can be effectively observed. Claim 12 of the present invention
The catenary line means includes a catenary line consisting of an inverted catenary line vertically floating from the immovable bedrock on which the dam is installed inside the dam. With such a configuration, the displacement of the displacement measuring point with respect to the immovable rock can be effectively observed.
【００３２】[0032]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態に基づ
き、図面を参照して本発明のダムのたわみ観測装置を構
成する懸垂線変位測定装置を詳細に説明する。図１およ
び図２は、本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る変位測定装
置としての懸垂線変位測定装置の要部の構成を示してい
る。図１は、変位測定装置の一例である懸垂線変位測定
装置の検出部の原理的な構成を模式的に示す配置構成
図、そして図２は、該懸垂線変位測定装置の変位検出処
理系の主要部を模式的に示すブロック図である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a catenary displacement measuring apparatus constituting a dam deflection observation apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail based on an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a configuration of a main part of a catenary displacement measuring device as a displacement measuring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an arrangement diagram schematically showing a principle configuration of a detection section of a catenary displacement measuring device which is an example of a displacement measuring device, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a displacement detection processing system of the catenary displacement measuring device. It is a block diagram which shows the principal part typically.
【００３３】図１に示す懸垂線変位測定装置は、光源列
１および１次元センサ２を具備している。光源列１は、
光源列手段を構成する。該光源列１は、複数個、例えば
ｎ個、の単位光源１1，１2，…１nを直線状にほぼ一定
の間隔を置いて配列してなる。この場合、光源列１の図
示左端近傍を座標原点Ｏ、図示横方向の座標軸をＸ、そ
して図示縦方向の座標軸をＹとすると、単位光源１1，
１2，…１nは、Ｘ軸上に位置し、それぞれ該座標原点Ｏ
からＸ座標位置Ｌ1 ，Ｌ2 ，…Ｌn に配置されている。
望ましくは、単位光源１1，１2，…１nは、各々、例え
ばＬＥＤ（light emitting diode〜発光ダイオード）等
の固体発光素子により構成する。The catenary displacement measuring device shown in FIG. 1 includes a light source array 1 and a one-dimensional sensor 2. Light source row 1
The light source array means is constituted. Light source row 1, a plurality, for example n-number, the unit light source 1 1, 1 2, formed by arranging substantially at regular intervals ... 1 n linearly. In this case, assuming that the origin near the left end of the light source row 1 in the drawing is the coordinate origin O, the horizontal coordinate axis in the drawing is X, and the vertical coordinate axis in the drawing is Y, the unit light sources 1 1 ,
1 2 ,... 1 n are located on the X-axis, and
, And X coordinate positions L1, L2,... Ln.
Desirably, each of the unit light sources 1 1 , 1 2 ,... 1 n is constituted by a solid light emitting element such as an LED (light emitting diode).
【００３４】１次元センサ２は、１次元センサ手段を構
成する。該１次元センサ２は、懸垂線Ｐを挟んで光源列
１に対峙し、光源列１に対して平行に且つＹ方向に間隔
Ｄをおいて配置されている。すなわち１次元センサ２
は、Ｙ座標位置ＤにＸ軸に平行に設けられている。１次
元センサ２は、各々光電変換機能を有する単位受光素子
を１次元に配列したセンサであり、典型的には、ＣＣＤ
（charge coupled device〜電荷結合素子）等の１次元
固体撮像素子により構成する。この場合、懸垂線Ｐは、
Ｘ−Ｙ座標面に対して座標（ｘ，ｙ）において垂直に交
わる。光源列１の各単位光源１1，１2，…１nにより、
１次元センサ２上のＸ座標位置Ｓ1 ，Ｓ2 ，…Ｓn にそ
れぞれ懸垂線Ｐの陰影ｐ1，ｐ2，…ｐnが形成される。
この懸垂線変位測定装置においては、光源列１の各単位
光源１1，１2，…１nにより形成される懸垂線Ｐの陰影
ｐ1，ｐ2，…ｐnの位置を１次元センサ２で検出し、解
析して、懸垂線Ｐの変位を測定する。The one-dimensional sensor 2 constitutes one-dimensional sensor means. The one-dimensional sensor 2 faces the light source array 1 with the catenary line P interposed therebetween, and is arranged parallel to the light source array 1 and at an interval D in the Y direction. That is, the one-dimensional sensor 2
Is provided at the Y coordinate position D in parallel with the X axis. The one-dimensional sensor 2 is a sensor in which unit light receiving elements each having a photoelectric conversion function are arranged one-dimensionally.
(Charge coupled device). In this case, the catenary P is
It intersects perpendicularly at coordinates (x, y) with respect to the XY coordinate plane. By each unit light source 1 1 , 1 2 ,... 1 n of the light source row 1,
1-dimensional sensor 2 on the X-coordinate position S1, S2, ... shadow p 1 of each catenary P to Sn, p 2, ... p n is formed.
In this catenary displacement measuring apparatus, each unit light source 1 1 of the light source array 1, 1 2, ... 1 shadow p 1 of catenary P formed by the n, p 2, ... p position a one-dimensional sensor 2 n And the displacement of the catenary P is measured.
【００３５】図２に、懸垂線変位測定装置の電気的構成
を示す。電気的には、懸垂線変位測定装置は、光源列
１、１次元センサ２および変位検出処理装置３で構成さ
れる。変位検出処理装置３は、光源列１を駆動制御し
て、１次元センサ２で得られる検出出力を解析処理する
電気回路である。変位検出処理装置３は、光源駆動部３
１、変位算定部３２、出力部３３、記憶部３４および制
御部３５を備えている。光源駆動部３１は、光源駆動手
段を構成する。該光源駆動部３１は、光源列１の各単位
光源１1，１2，…１nを、周期的に逐次駆動して発光さ
せる。変位算定部３２は、変位算定手段を構成する。該
変位算定部３２は、光源駆動部３１による光源列１の各
単位光源１1，１2，…１nの駆動と同期連動して出力さ
れる１次元センサ２の検出出力を処理し、懸垂線Ｐの変
位を算定する。出力部３３は、変位算定部３２による算
定結果を、表示し且つ必要に応じてプリントアウトす
る。FIG. 2 shows the electrical configuration of the catenary line displacement measuring device. Electrically, the catenary displacement measuring device includes a light source array 1, a one-dimensional sensor 2, and a displacement detection processing device 3. The displacement detection processing device 3 is an electric circuit that drives and controls the light source array 1 and analyzes and processes a detection output obtained by the one-dimensional sensor 2. The displacement detection processing device 3 includes a light source driving unit 3
1, a displacement calculating unit 32, an output unit 33, a storage unit 34, and a control unit 35. The light source driving unit 31 constitutes a light source driving unit. The light source driving unit 31 drives each of the unit light sources 1 1 , 1 2 ,... 1 n of the light source array 1 periodically and sequentially to emit light. The displacement calculator 32 constitutes a displacement calculator. Displacement calculating unit 32 processes the detection output of the light source each unit light source 1 1 of the drive unit 31 the light source array 1 by, 1 2, 1-dimensional sensor 2 output ... 1 n of the drive and synchronization conjunction with, suspended The displacement of the line P is calculated. The output unit 33 displays the calculation result by the displacement calculation unit 32 and prints out the calculation result as needed.
【００３６】記憶部３４は、前記変位算定部３２で演算
した結果を必要に応じ、記憶したり、または、変位算定
部３２で演算する際の必要な情報を記憶しておく。特
に、上述したところでは、明確に言及していないが、光
源列１を構成する各単位光源１1，１2，…１nの位置の
情報、１次元センサ手段２の単位受光素子の位置情報、
１次元センサ手段２の配置位置の情報、総ての単位光源
１1，１2，…１nの光度分布図、総ての１次元センサ手
段２の感度分布むらなどを記憶しておき、変位算定時に
利用し、懸垂線の測定精度の向上に利用する。制御部３
５は、光源駆動部３１、変位算定部３２、記憶部３４を
制御し、測定が円滑に行くのを管理監督し、必要に応じ
て出力部３３に表示させたり、プリントアウトしたりす
る。The storage section 34 stores the result calculated by the displacement calculating section 32 as necessary, or stores information necessary for the calculation by the displacement calculating section 32. In particular, although not explicitly mentioned in the above, information on the position of each unit light source 1 1 , 1 2 ,... 1 n constituting the light source array 1, and position information on the unit light receiving element of the one-dimensional sensor means 2 ,
The information on the arrangement position of the one-dimensional sensor means 2, the luminous intensity distribution maps of all the unit light sources 1 1 , 1 2 ,... 1 n , the unevenness in the sensitivity distribution of all the one-dimensional sensor means 2, and the like are stored. Used for calculation and used to improve the accuracy of catenary measurement. Control unit 3
Reference numeral 5 controls the light source driving unit 31, the displacement calculating unit 32, and the storage unit 34, supervising and supervising that the measurement goes smoothly, and displaying or printing out on the output unit 33 as necessary.
【００３７】変位算定部３２における懸垂線Ｐの位置の
算定は、１次元センサ２の検出出力から、単位光源
１1，１2，…１nの各々に対応する懸垂線Ｐに対応する
陰影ｐ1，ｐ2，…ｐnのＸ座標位置Ｓ1 ，Ｓ2 ，…Ｓn
を求め、これらに基づいて懸垂線Ｐの変位を算定する。
例えば、単位光源１1に対する１次元センサ２の検出出
力波形は、図３に示すように、懸垂線Ｐの陰影部分がほ
ぼ鐘状のディップとなる。この鐘状のディップの中心位
置を求め、１次元センサ２の左端からの位置、すなわち
Ｘ座標をＸ座標位置Ｓ1 とする。同様にして、各単位光
源１2，…１nにより形成される懸垂線Ｐの各陰影ｐ2，
…ｐnのＸ座標位置Ｓ2 ，…Ｓn を求める。The calculation of the position of the catenary P in the displacement calculating unit 32, the detection output of the one-dimensional sensor 2, the unit light source 1 1, 1 2, shadows corresponding to the catenary P corresponding to each of the ... 1 n p 1, p 2, ... p n of the X-coordinate position S1, S2, ... Sn
And the displacement of the catenary P is calculated based on these.
For example, the detection output waveform of one-dimensional sensor 2 for the unit light sources 1 1, as shown in FIG. 3, shaded portions of the catenary P is substantially bell-shaped dip. The center position of the bell-shaped dip is determined, and the position from the left end of the one-dimensional sensor 2, that is, the X coordinate is set as the X coordinate position S1. Similarly, each of the unit light source 1 2, ... each shade p 2 catenary P formed by 1 n,
... p n of the X-coordinate position S2, seek ... Sn.
【００３８】これら陰影ｐ1，ｐ2，…ｐnの中心位置の
決定の仕方の詳細を述べる。陰影ｐ1の中心位置の決定
にあたり、単位光源１1，１2，…１nのいずれかによっ
て１次元センサ２上に出力される出力波形は、光源の光
度分布や、１次元センサの感度分布などの、いわゆるシ
ェーディング等の影響により、図４に示すようになる。
つまり、図４において、単位光源１1，１2，…１nのい
ずれかによって、１次元センサ２が出力する出力波形
は、白抜きで示す白線のヒストグラムのように均一では
なく、黒く塗りつぶされた黒線のように不均一である。The details of how to determine the center position of these shadows p 1 , p 2 ,... Pn will be described. In determining the center position of the shadow p 1, the unit light source 1 1, 1 2, the output waveform output by either ... 1 n on a one-dimensional sensor 2, and the luminous intensity distribution of the light source, the sensitivity distribution of one-dimensional sensor Due to the influence of so-called shading, etc., as shown in FIG.
That is, in FIG. 4, the output waveform output from the one-dimensional sensor 2 by one of the unit light sources 1 1 , 1 2 ,... 1 n is not uniform like a histogram of a white line shown by white, but is blacked out. It is uneven like a black line.
【００３９】この不均一の状態を、測定に先立って、例
えば据え付け時に、予め求めておき、それに基づいて補
正処理を施すようにすれば、中心位置の算出精度を向上
することができる。また、陰影ｐ1，ｐ2，…ｐnの中心
位置の算出のための計算法は、中心付近のデータのみを
使用して、放物線による放物線近似やガウス曲線による
ガウス近似を用いるようにすると、短時間で高精度の計
算が可能になる。この補正処理に用いる各値は、記憶部
３に記憶させておくことで補正処理を円滑に行なわせる
ことが可能となる。If the non-uniform state is obtained before the measurement, for example, at the time of installation, and a correction process is performed based on the obtained state, the accuracy of calculating the center position can be improved. Also, the calculation method for calculating the center position of the shadows p 1 , p 2 ,... Pn uses only data near the center and uses a parabolic approximation by a parabola or a Gaussian approximation by a Gaussian curve. High-precision calculations can be performed in a short time. The values used for the correction processing are stored in the storage unit 3 so that the correction processing can be performed smoothly.
【００４０】ここで、懸垂線Ｐの変位の基本的な決定法
について詳細に説明する。理解を容易にするため、図１
に関連して説明したように、光源列１に沿ってＸ軸を配
置し、該Ｘ軸上の、例えば光源列１の左端近傍を原点Ｏ
として、Ｘ軸に垂直に且つ１次元センサ２に向かってＹ
軸を立てる。したがって、各単位光源１1，１2，…１n
の座標は、それぞれ（Ｌ1 ，０）、（Ｌ2 ，０）、…
（Ｌn ，０）となる。同様にして、各単位光源１1，
１2，…１nによる懸垂線Ｐの陰影ｐ1，ｐ2，…ｐnの座
標は、それぞれ（Ｓ1 ，Ｄ）、（Ｓ2 ，Ｄ）、…（Ｓn
，Ｄ）となる。そして、図５に示すように、光源列１
の各単位光源１1，１2，…１nの位置Ｌ1，Ｌ2 …Ｌn を
横軸と、それぞれに対応する懸垂線Ｐの陰影ｐ1，ｐ2，
…ｐnの位置Ｓ1 ，Ｓ2 ，…Ｓn とを、互いに組み合わ
せ、すなわち、（Ｌ1 ，Ｓ1 ）、（Ｌ2 ，Ｓ2 ）、…
（Ｌn ，Ｓn ）の位置に打点する。これら点に最も近い
直線ＳＬ1 を描く。つぎに、原点から４５°の直線ＳＬ
2 を引けば、該直線ＳＬ2 と前記直線ＳＬ1 との交点Ｘ
ＰのＸ座標が懸垂線ＰのＸ方向の位置を示すことにな
る。Here, a basic method for determining the displacement of the catenary line P will be described in detail. To facilitate understanding, Figure 1
As described in connection with the above, the X axis is arranged along the light source row 1, and the origin O is located on the X axis, for example, near the left end of the light source row 1.
Y perpendicular to the X axis and toward the one-dimensional sensor 2
Set the axis. Therefore, each unit light source 1 1 , 1 2 ,.
Are (L1, 0), (L2, 0),.
(Ln, 0). Similarly, each unit light source 1 1 ,
1 2, ... 1 shadow p 1 of n by catenary P, p 2, ... coordinates of p n, respectively (S1, D), (S2 , D), ... (Sn
, D). Then, as shown in FIG.
, Ln of the unit light sources 1 1 , 1 2 ,... 1 n , and the horizontal axes, and the shadows p 1 , p 2 ,
The positions S1, S2,... Sn of pn are combined with each other, that is, (L1, S1), (L2, S2),.
A dot is placed at the position (Ln, Sn). A straight line SL1 closest to these points is drawn. Next, a straight line SL at 45 ° from the origin
2, the intersection X between the straight line SL2 and the straight line SL1 is obtained.
The X coordinate of P indicates the position of the catenary line P in the X direction.
【００４１】なお、直線ＳＬ1 は、懸垂線ＰのＹ座標に
依存して傾斜が変化するので、懸垂線ＰのＹ座標を求め
る場合には、直線ＳＬ1 の傾斜に基づいて算出すること
ができる。この懸垂線変位測定装置では、多数の単位光
源１1，１2，…１nにより光源列１を構成し、多数の光
電変換素子を有する１次元センサ２により、各単位光源
１1，１2，…１nによる懸垂線Ｐの陰影ｐ1，ｐ2，…ｐn
を求めている。すなわち、測定器を機械的にスライド移
動させる代わりに、単位光源１1，１2，…１nを電気的
に切換えて、投光位置を移動させている。この結果とし
て、図５の交点ＸＰは、懸垂線Ｐの位置を測定する計測
軸、すなわちＸ座標軸に対し、直交する方向から観測し
たことになり、視差による誤差の発生はない。Since the inclination of the straight line SL1 changes depending on the Y coordinate of the catenary line P, the Y coordinate of the catenary line P can be calculated based on the inclination of the straight line SL1. In this catenary displacement measuring device, a light source array 1 is constituted by a large number of unit light sources 1 1 , 1 2 ,... 1 n , and each unit light source 1 1 , 1 2 is constituted by a one-dimensional sensor 2 having a large number of photoelectric conversion elements. , ... shadow p 1 of the catenary P by 1 n, p 2, ... p n
Seeking. That is, instead of mechanically sliding the measuring device, the unit light sources 1 1 , 1 2 ,... 1 n are electrically switched to move the light projecting position. As a result, the intersection point XP in FIG. 5 is observed from a direction orthogonal to the measurement axis for measuring the position of the catenary line P, that is, the X coordinate axis, and no error occurs due to parallax.
【００４２】なお、上述においては、懸垂線Ｐ（ｘ，
ｙ）の、Ｘ座標を、図５に示す交点ＸＰにより求め、懸
垂線ＰのＹ座標を、直線ＳＬ1 の傾斜に基づいて求める
ようにしたが、例えば最小二乗法を用いて、次の数１お
よび数２により懸垂線Ｐ（ｘ，ｙ）の位置座標を算出す
ることも可能である。数１および数２において、合計を
示す記号Σは、ｉ＝１〜ｎについて計算するものとす
る。In the above description, the catenary line P (x,
The X coordinate of y) is obtained by the intersection XP shown in FIG. 5, and the Y coordinate of the catenary line P is obtained based on the inclination of the straight line SL1. For example, the following equation 1 is obtained by using the least square method. It is also possible to calculate the position coordinates of the catenary line P (x, y) by using the equation (2). In Equations 1 and 2, the symbol Σ indicating the sum is calculated for i = 1 to n.
【００４３】[0043]
【数１】 (Equation 1)
【００４４】[0044]
【数２】 (Equation 2)
【００４５】次に、本発明に係る変位測定装置の一例で
ある懸垂線変位測定装置の第２の実施の形態について説
明する。図６および図７は、本発明の第２の実施の形態
に係る変位測定装置の一例である懸垂線変位測定装置の
要部の構成を示している。このうち、図６は、懸垂線変
位測定装置の検出部の原理的な構成を模式的に示す配置
構成図、そして図７は、該懸垂線変位測定装置の変位検
出処理系の主要部を模式的に示すブロック図である。図
６に示す懸垂線変位測定装置は、図１に示した光源列１
および１次元センサ手段としての１次元センサ２からな
る検出部とほぼ同様の検出部を、懸垂線Ｐの近傍位置を
中心として直交配置したものである。Next, a description will be given of a second embodiment of the catenary line displacement measuring device which is an example of the displacement measuring device according to the present invention. FIGS. 6 and 7 show a configuration of a main part of a catenary line displacement measuring device which is an example of the displacement measuring device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Among them, FIG. 6 is a layout diagram schematically showing a principle configuration of a detection unit of the catenary line displacement measuring device, and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a main part of a displacement detection processing system of the catenary line displacement measuring device. It is a block diagram shown typically. The catenary line displacement measuring device shown in FIG. 6 uses the light source train 1 shown in FIG.
In addition, a detection unit substantially similar to the detection unit including the one-dimensional sensor 2 as one-dimensional sensor means is arranged orthogonally around a position near the catenary line P.
【００４６】すなわち、図６に示す懸垂線変位測定装置
は、Ｘ方向光源列４Ｘ、Ｙ方向光源列４Ｙ、Ｘ方向１次
元センサ５ＸおよびＹ方向１次元センサ５Ｙを具備して
いる。Ｘ方向光源列４ＸおよびＹ方向光源列４Ｙは、そ
れぞれ複数個の単位光源をほぼ直線状にほぼ一定の間隔
を置いて配列してなる。Ｘ方向光源列４Ｘは、単位光源
をＸ方向に沿ってほぼ直線状に配列し、Ｙ方向光源列４
Ｙは、単位光源をＹ方向に沿ってほぼ直線状に配列して
いる。Ｘ方向１次元センサ５Ｘは、懸垂線Ｐを挟んでＸ
方向光源列４Ｘに対峙し、Ｘ方向光源列４Ｘに対して平
行に且つＹ方向に所定間隔を置いて配置されている。That is, the catenary displacement measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 6 includes an X-direction light source array 4X, a Y-direction light source array 4Y, an X-direction one-dimensional sensor 5X, and a Y-direction one-dimensional sensor 5Y. The X-direction light source array 4X and the Y-direction light source array 4Y are each formed by arranging a plurality of unit light sources in a substantially straight line at substantially constant intervals. The X-direction light source array 4X arranges the unit light sources in a substantially straight line along the X direction, and
In Y, the unit light sources are arranged substantially linearly along the Y direction. The X-direction one-dimensional sensor 5 </ b> X
It faces the directional light source row 4X, and is arranged parallel to the X-directional light source row 4X and at a predetermined interval in the Y direction.
【００４７】Ｙ方向１次元センサ５Ｙは、懸垂線Ｐを挟
んでＹ方向光源列４Ｙに対峙し、Ｙ方向光源列４Ｙに対
して平行に且つＸ方向に所定間隔を置いて配置されてい
る。すなわち、Ｘ方向光源列４ＸおよびＸ方向１次元セ
ンサ５Ｘは、懸垂線Ｐを挟んで所定間隔を存してＸ軸に
平行に設けられ、Ｙ方向光源列４ＹおよびＹ方向１次元
センサ５Ｙは、懸垂線Ｐを挟んで所定間隔を置いてＹ軸
に平行に設けられている。この懸垂線変位測定装置にお
いては、Ｘ方向光源列４Ｘの各単位光源により形成され
る懸垂線Ｐの陰影をＸ方向１次元センサ５Ｘで検出し、
解析して、懸垂線ＰのＸ方向変位を測定する。また、Ｙ
方向光源列４Ｙの各単位光源により形成される懸垂線Ｐ
の陰影をＹ方向１次元センサ５Ｙで検出し、解析して、
懸垂線ＰのＹ方向変位を測定する。The Y-direction one-dimensional sensor 5Y faces the Y-direction light source array 4Y with the catenary line P interposed therebetween, and is arranged parallel to the Y-direction light source array 4Y and at a predetermined interval in the X direction. That is, the X-direction light source array 4X and the X-direction one-dimensional sensor 5X are provided in parallel with the X-axis at a predetermined interval with the catenary P interposed therebetween, and the Y-direction light source array 4Y and the Y-direction one-dimensional sensor 5Y are They are provided in parallel with the Y axis at predetermined intervals with the catenary P interposed therebetween. In this catenary line displacement measuring device, the shadow of the catenary line P formed by each unit light source of the X direction light source array 4X is detected by the X direction one-dimensional sensor 5X,
By analyzing, displacement in the X direction of the catenary P is measured. Also, Y
The catenary line P formed by each unit light source of the direction light source array 4Y
Is detected by the Y-direction one-dimensional sensor 5Y and analyzed.
The displacement of the catenary line P in the Y direction is measured.
【００４８】図７に、懸垂線変位測定装置の電気的構成
を示す。電気的には、懸垂線変位測定装置は、Ｘ方向光
源列４Ｘ、Ｙ方向光源列４Ｙ、Ｘ方向１次元センサ５
Ｘ、Ｙ方向１次元センサ５Ｙおよび変位検出処理装置６
で構成される。変位検出処理装置６は、Ｘ方向光源列４
ＸおよびＹ方向光源列４Ｙを駆動制御して、Ｘ方向１次
元センサ５ＸおよびＹ方向１次元センサ５Ｙで得られる
検出出力を処理解析する電気回路である。変位検出処理
装置６は、光源駆動部６１、変位算定部６２、出力部６
３、記憶部３４および制御部６５を備えている。FIG. 7 shows the electrical configuration of the catenary line displacement measuring device. Electrically, the catenary line displacement measuring device includes an X-direction light source array 4X, a Y-direction light source array 4Y, and an X-direction one-dimensional sensor 5.
X, Y direction one-dimensional sensor 5Y and displacement detection processing device 6
It consists of. The displacement detection processing device 6 includes the X-direction light source row 4
This is an electric circuit that drives and controls the X and Y direction light source arrays 4Y and processes and analyzes detection outputs obtained by the X direction one-dimensional sensor 5X and the Y direction one-dimensional sensor 5Y. The displacement detection processing device 6 includes a light source driving unit 61, a displacement calculating unit 62, and an output unit 6.
3, a storage unit 34 and a control unit 65 are provided.
【００４９】光源駆動部６１は、Ｘ方向光源列４Ｘおよ
びＹ方向光源列４Ｙの各単位光源を、周期的に逐次駆動
して発光させる。変位算定部６２は、光源駆動部６１に
よるＸ方向光源列４ＸおよびＹ方向光源列４Ｙの各単位
光源の駆動と同期連動して出力されるＸ方向１次元セン
サ５ＸおよびＹ方向１次元センサ５Ｙの検出出力を処理
し、それぞれ懸垂線ＰのＸ方向変位およびＹ方向変位を
算定する。出力部６３は、変位算定部６２による算定結
果を、表示し且つ必要に応じてプリントアウトする。The light source driving section 61 drives each unit light source of the X direction light source array 4X and the Y direction light source array 4Y periodically and sequentially to emit light. The displacement calculating unit 62 controls the one-dimensional X-direction sensor 5X and the one-dimensional Y-direction sensor 5Y output in synchronization with the driving of each unit light source of the X-direction light source array 4X and the Y-direction light source array 4Y by the light source driving unit 61. The detection output is processed to calculate the displacement of the catenary P in the X and Y directions, respectively. The output unit 63 displays the calculation result by the displacement calculation unit 62 and prints out the calculation result as needed.
【００５０】記憶部６４は、前記変位算定部６２で演算
した結果を必要に応じ、記憶したり、または、変位算定
部６２で演算する際の必要な情報を記憶しておく。特
に、上述したところでは明確に言及していないが、Ｘ方
向光源列４ＸおよびＹ方向光源列４Ｙを構成する各単位
光源の位置の情報、ならびに、これら単位光源総ての光
度分布図、また、Ｘ方向１次元センサ５ＸおよびＹ方向
１次元センサ手段の５Ｙの単位受光素子の位置情報なら
びに、それらの単位受光素子の配置位置の情報、ならび
に、単位受光素子のそれぞれの感度などを記憶してお
き、変位算定時に利用し、懸垂線の測定精度の向上に利
用する。制御部６５は、光源駆動部６１、変位算定部６
２、記憶部６４を制御し、測定が円滑に行くのを管理監
督し、必要に応じて出力部６３に表示させたりプリント
アウトさせる。The storage unit 64 stores the result calculated by the displacement calculating unit 62 as necessary, or stores information necessary for the calculation by the displacement calculating unit 62. In particular, although not explicitly mentioned in the above description, information on the position of each unit light source constituting the X-direction light source array 4X and the Y-direction light source array 4Y, and a luminous intensity distribution map of all these unit light sources, The position information of the unit light-receiving elements of the X-direction one-dimensional sensor 5X and the Y-direction one-dimensional sensor means 5Y, the information on the arrangement positions of these unit light-receiving elements, and the sensitivity of each of the unit light-receiving elements are stored. It is used to calculate displacement and to improve the accuracy of catenary line measurement. The controller 65 includes a light source driver 61, a displacement calculator 6
2. The storage unit 64 is controlled to supervise the smoothness of the measurement, and displayed or printed out on the output unit 63 as necessary.
【００５１】すなわち、まず、Ｘ方向光源列４Ｘが形成
する懸垂線ＰのＸ方向１次元センサ５Ｘ上の陰影の位置
を求める。次に同様に、Ｙ方向光源列４Ｙが形成する懸
垂線ＰのＹ方向１次元センサ５Ｙ上の陰影の位置を求め
る。これらの互いに直交する２組の位置検出部により求
められる陰影の位置座標に基づいて、懸垂線Ｐの座標
（ｘ，ｙ）を求める。ちなみに、図６に示すようにＸ方
向光源列４ＸおよびＹ方向光源列４Ｙの長さを１２cm、
Ｘ方向光源列４ＸおよびＹ方向光源列４Ｙと、Ｘ方向１
次元センサ５ＸおよびＹ方向１次元センサ５Ｙとの対向
間隔をそれぞれ３０cmとし、１０cm×１０cmの範囲で懸
垂線Ｐの計測を可能とするためには、Ｘ方向１次元セン
サ５ＸおよびＹ方向１次元センサ５Ｙの長さを１５cm以
上とする必要がある。That is, first, the position of the shadow on the X-direction one-dimensional sensor 5X of the catenary line P formed by the X-direction light source array 4X is obtained. Next, similarly, the position of the shadow on the Y-direction one-dimensional sensor 5Y of the catenary line P formed by the Y-direction light source array 4Y is obtained. The coordinates (x, y) of the catenary line P are obtained based on the position coordinates of the shadow obtained by these two sets of orthogonal position detection units. Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 6, the lengths of the X-direction light source row 4X and the Y-direction light source row 4Y are 12 cm,
X direction light source row 4X and Y direction light source row 4Y, and X direction light source row 4Y
In order to set the distance between the two-dimensional sensor 5X and the Y-direction one-dimensional sensor 5Y to 30 cm, and to enable measurement of the catenary P in a range of 10 cm × 10 cm, the X-direction one-dimensional sensor 5X and the Y-direction one-dimensional sensor The length of 5Y needs to be 15 cm or more.
【００５２】また、上述した第１の実施の形態の場合と
同様に、最小二乗法を用いて、各座標方向について、数
１と同様の演算により、懸垂線Ｐの座標を求めるように
すれば、更に、精度を向上することができる。更に、Ｘ
方向光源列４ＸおよびＹ方向光源列４Ｙの各単位光源を
順次点灯したときに得られた、Ｘ方向１次元センサ５Ｘ
またはＹ方向１次元センサ５Ｙの検出出力波形からの懸
垂線Ｐの総ての陰影位置を一度に利用して最小二乗法を
適用することで、より精度の向上を図ることができる。As in the case of the first embodiment described above, the coordinates of the catenary line P may be obtained by using the least squares method and performing the same operation as in Equation 1 for each coordinate direction. Further, the accuracy can be improved. Furthermore, X
X direction one-dimensional sensor 5X obtained when each unit light source of direction light source array 4X and Y direction light source array 4Y is sequentially turned on.
Alternatively, the accuracy can be further improved by applying the least squares method by using all the shadow positions of the catenary line P from the detection output waveform of the Y-direction one-dimensional sensor 5Y at a time.
【００５３】図８および図９は、本発明に係る変位測定
装置の一例である懸垂線変位測定装置の第３の実施の形
態の検出部の要部の構成を示している。このうち、図８
は、懸垂線変位測定装置の検出部の原理的な構成を模式
的に示す平面配置構成図、そして図９は、その模式的斜
視図である。図８および図９に示す懸垂線変位測定装置
は、図１に示した光源列１および１次元センサ２からな
る検出部とほぼ同様の検出部を、懸垂線Ｐの近傍位置を
中心として９０°の角度間隔で井桁状に配置したもので
ある。すなわち、図８および図９に示す懸垂線変位測定
装置は、第１の光源列７Ａ、第２の光源列７Ｂ、第３の
光源列７Ｃ、第４の光源列７Ｄ、第１の１次元センサ８
Ａ、第２の１次元センサ８Ｂ、第３の１次元センサ８Ｃ
および第４の１次元センサ８Ｄを具備している。FIGS. 8 and 9 show a configuration of a main part of a detecting section of a catenary line displacement measuring apparatus according to a third embodiment which is an example of the displacement measuring apparatus according to the present invention. Among them, FIG.
FIG. 9 is a plan view schematically showing a principle configuration of a detection unit of the catenary displacement measuring apparatus, and FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view thereof. The catenary line displacement measuring device shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 includes a detecting unit substantially the same as the detecting unit including the light source array 1 and the one-dimensional sensor 2 shown in FIG. Are arranged in a grid pattern at angular intervals of. That is, the catenary line displacement measuring device shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 includes a first light source array 7A, a second light source array 7B, a third light source array 7C, a fourth light source array 7D, and a first one-dimensional sensor. 8
A, second one-dimensional sensor 8B, third one-dimensional sensor 8C
And a fourth one-dimensional sensor 8D.
【００５４】第１〜第４の光源列７Ａ〜７Ｄは、それぞ
れ複数個の単位光源を直線状に所定の一定間隔を存して
配列してなり、第１の光源列７Ａと第３の光源列７Ｃ
は、それぞれの単位光源列を懸垂線Ｐを挟んで互いに平
行に、第２の光源列７Ｂと第４の光源列７Ｄは、それぞ
れの単位光源列を第１および第３の光源列７Ａおよび７
Ｃに対して直角に且つ懸垂線Ｐを挟んで互いに平行に配
置している。第１の１次元センサ８Ａは、懸垂線Ｐを挟
んで第１の光源列７Ａに対峙し、第１の光源列７Ａに対
して平行に且つ所定間隔を存して配置されている。第２
の１次元センサ８Ｂは、懸垂線Ｐを挟んで第２の光源列
７Ｂに対峙し、第２の光源列７Ｂに対して平行に且つ所
定間隔を存して配置されている。第３の１次元センサ８
Ｃは、懸垂線Ｐを挟んで第３の光源列７Ｃに対峙し、第
３の光源列７Ｃに対して平行に且つ所定間隔を存して配
置されている。Each of the first to fourth light source arrays 7A to 7D is formed by arranging a plurality of unit light sources linearly at predetermined fixed intervals, and includes a first light source array 7A and a third light source array. Row 7C
Are arranged in parallel to each other with the catenary line P interposed therebetween, and the second light source array 7B and the fourth light source array 7D are respectively formed by connecting the unit light source arrays to the first and third light source arrays 7A and 7A.
They are arranged at right angles to C and parallel to each other with the catenary line P interposed therebetween. The first one-dimensional sensor 8A faces the first light source array 7A with the catenary P interposed therebetween, and is arranged in parallel with the first light source array 7A at a predetermined interval. Second
The one-dimensional sensor 8B faces the second light source row 7B with the catenary P interposed therebetween, and is arranged in parallel with the second light source row 7B at a predetermined interval. Third one-dimensional sensor 8
C faces the third light source array 7C with the catenary P interposed therebetween, and is arranged parallel to the third light source array 7C at a predetermined interval.
【００５５】そして、第４の１次元センサ８Ｄは、懸垂
線Ｐを挟んで第４の光源列７Ｄに対峙し、第４の光源列
７Ｄに対して平行に且つ所定間隔を存して配置されてい
る。これら、第１〜第４の光源列７Ａ〜７Ｄおよび第１
〜第４の１次元センサ８Ａ〜８Ｄは、懸垂線Ｐに沿う方
向については近接して配置され、懸垂線Ｐに垂直に交わ
るほぼ同一平面近傍に設けられる。すなわち、図示のよ
うに、第１〜第４の１次元センサ８Ａ〜８Ｄが井桁状に
配置され、第１の１次元センサ８Ａ上に第３の光源列７
Ｃが、第２の１次元センサ８Ｂ上に第４の光源列７Ｄ
が、第３の１次元センサ８Ｃ上に第１の光源列７Ａが、
そして第４の１次元センサ８Ｄ上に第２の光源列７Ｂ
が、それぞれ設けられる。The fourth one-dimensional sensor 8D faces the fourth light source array 7D with the catenary P interposed therebetween, and is arranged in parallel with the fourth light source array 7D at a predetermined interval. ing. These first to fourth light source arrays 7A to 7D and the first
The fourth one-dimensional sensors 8A to 8D are arranged close to each other in the direction along the catenary line P, and are provided near substantially the same plane perpendicular to the catenary line P. That is, as shown in the drawing, the first to fourth one-dimensional sensors 8A to 8D are arranged in a grid pattern, and the third light source array 7 is arranged on the first one-dimensional sensor 8A.
C is the fourth light source array 7D on the second one-dimensional sensor 8B.
However, the first light source row 7A is provided on the third one-dimensional sensor 8C,
Then, the second light source array 7B is placed on the fourth one-dimensional sensor 8D.
Are provided respectively.
【００５６】検出出力を処理解析して懸垂線Ｐの座標
（ｘ，ｙ）を求めるには、上述した変位検出処理装置３
および６とおおむね同様の原理に基づく処理を行うよう
にすればよい。この懸垂線変位測定装置においては、１
次元センサ８Ａ〜８Ｄをそれぞれの有効感度領域の端部
においてほぼ直角をなして連結するように配置してい
る。このため、ある光源列による懸垂線Ｐの陰影が当該
光源列に対峙する１次元センサの有効感度領域から外れ
る場合にも、隣接して直交配置される１次元センサによ
り、陰影を検出することができ、測定領域の拡大が可能
となる。また、このため、第１〜第４の光源列７Ａ〜７
Ｄとそれぞれ対向する第１〜第４の１次元センサ８Ａ〜
８Ｄとの間の距離を近付けることができ、測定部全体の
寸法を小型に構成することができて、しかも実質的な測
定点の増加により、精度を向上することが可能となる。To obtain the coordinates (x, y) of the catenary line P by processing and analyzing the detection output, the above-described displacement detection processing device 3
What is necessary is just to perform the process based on the principle almost the same as that of 6. In this catenary line displacement measuring device, 1
The dimension sensors 8A to 8D are arranged so as to be connected at substantially right angles at the ends of the respective effective sensitivity regions. For this reason, even when the shadow of the catenary line P due to a certain light source row deviates from the effective sensitivity area of the one-dimensional sensor facing the light source row, it is possible to detect the shadow by the one-dimensional sensor that is adjacently arranged orthogonally. The measurement area can be expanded. For this reason, the first to fourth light source arrays 7A to 7A
D to the first to fourth one-dimensional sensors 8A to 8A, respectively.
The distance from the measuring unit 8D can be reduced, the size of the entire measuring unit can be reduced, and the accuracy can be improved by substantially increasing the number of measuring points.
【００５７】図１０は、本発明の第４の実施の形態に係
る変位測定装置の一例である懸垂線変位測定装置の検出
部の要部の構成を模式的に示す斜視図である。図１０に
示す懸垂線変位測定装置は、上述と同様の光源列を円周
上にＮ個配列し、且つＮ個の１次元センサを同一円周上
に、多角形状に配置したものである。すなわち、図１０
に示す懸垂線変位測定装置は、単位光源１０1，１０2，
…１０Nを、円周上にほぼ等間隔で配列して、懸垂線Ｐ
を囲繞する環状の光源列１０を形成する。一方、Ｎ個の
１次元センサ９-1，９-2，…９-Nを、光源列１０の各単
位光源１０1，１０2，…１０Nにそれぞれ対峙させて、
ほぼ同一円周上に、有効感度領域を少しずつオーバラッ
プさせて多角形状に１次元センサ群９を形成する。１次
元センサ群９の各１次元センサ９−1，９−2，…９−N
は、光源列１０の各単位光源１０1，１０2，…１０Nの
上方または下方に近接して配置される。FIG. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a main part of a detecting section of a catenary line displacement measuring device which is an example of the displacement measuring device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The catenary line displacement measuring device shown in FIG. 10 has N light source arrays similar to those described above arranged on a circumference, and N one-dimensional sensors are arranged in a polygonal shape on the same circumference. That is, FIG.
Catenary displacement measuring apparatus shown in the unit light source 10 1, 10 2,
... 10 N are arranged at substantially equal intervals on the circumference, and the catenary line P
Is formed. Meanwhile, N number of 1-dimensional sensor 9-1, 9-2, ... the 9-N, each of the unit light source 10 1, 10 2 of the light source array 10, by facing each ... 10 N,
The one-dimensional sensor group 9 is formed in a polygonal shape with the effective sensitivity areas slightly overlapping each other substantially on the same circumference. Each one-dimensional sensor 9-1, 9-2,... 9-N of the one-dimensional sensor group 9
Are arranged above or below each unit light source 10 1 , 10 2 ,... 10 N of the light source array 10.
【００５８】光源列１０の各単位光源１０1，１０2，…
１０Nによって形成される懸垂線Ｐの陰影は、１次元セ
ンサ群９のいずれかの１次元センサ９-1，９-2，…９-N
によって検知される。光源列１０の各単位光源１０1，
１０2，…１０Nの位置情報および各１次元センサ群９の
各１次元センサ９-1，９-2，…９-Nで検出された陰影の
位置情報に基づいて、懸垂線Ｐの位置座標（ｘ，ｙ）を
算出する。検出出力を処理解析して懸垂線Ｐの座標
（ｘ，ｙ）を求めるには、上述した変位検出処理装置３
および６とおおむね同様の原理に基づく処理を行うよう
にすればよいが、位置座標の計算にはコンピュータ等を
用いて誤差を最小とするようにすることが望ましい。ま
た、上述した数１および数２と同様の最小二乗法に基づ
く演算により一層高精度の測定を行うこともできる。Each of the unit light sources 10 1 , 10 2 ,.
The shade of the catenary line P formed by 10 N is one of the one-dimensional sensors 9-1, 9-2,.
Is detected by Each unit light source 10 1 of the light source row 10,
10 2, ... 10 N of the position information and the one-dimensional sensors 9-1 and 9-2 of the one-dimensional sensor group 9, ... 9-N based on the position information of the detected shadow, the position of the catenary P The coordinates (x, y) are calculated. In order to obtain the coordinates (x, y) of the catenary line P by processing and analyzing the detection output, the above-described displacement detection processing device 3
It is sufficient to perform the processing based on the principle substantially the same as that of (6) and (6), but it is desirable to use a computer or the like to minimize the error in calculating the position coordinates. Further, the measurement based on the least-squares method similar to the above-described equations (1) and (2) can be performed with higher accuracy.
【００５９】上述では、光源列を環状に形成し、１次元
センサを多角形状に配置したが、１次元センサも円周に
沿う環状の１次元センサとして構成するようにしてもよ
い。上述した各実施の形態のようにすれば、次のような
利点のある懸垂線変位測定装置を構成することができ
る。 （１）据え付け時の微調整のために摺動部分を設けるこ
とはあっても、原理的に可動部分がなく、据え付け後は
固定することができるため、稼働中に摺動する必要がな
い。このため、可動部の摩耗等に起因するバックラッシ
ュによる誤差や、視差の増大による誤差が発生するおそ
れがない。In the above description, the light source array is formed in a ring shape, and the one-dimensional sensors are arranged in a polygonal shape. However, the one-dimensional sensor may be configured as a ring-shaped one-dimensional sensor along the circumference. According to each of the above-described embodiments, a catenary line displacement measuring apparatus having the following advantages can be configured. (1) Although a sliding portion may be provided for fine adjustment at the time of installation, there is no movable portion in principle, and it can be fixed after installation, so that there is no need to slide during operation. For this reason, there is no possibility that an error due to backlash due to wear of the movable portion or an error due to an increase in parallax will occur.
【００６０】（２）測定に係る処理の全てを電気信号処
理によっているため、測定の信頼性が向上する。 （３）複数の単位光源を用いるため、単位光源の一部
が、故障や寿命等により欠落しても、充分に精度を保つ
ことができ、保全用機器としての冗長度を向上させるこ
とができる。 （４）単位光源にＬＥＤ等の固体発光素子を用いること
ができるため、電力の消耗がモータを駆動する場合に比
べて少なく、また測定装置自体を長寿命化することがで
きる。なお、上述した構成の懸垂線変位測定装置の検出
部をダム内壁に固定して、ダムの天端から垂下した懸垂
線や不動岩盤から鉛直に延設した逆懸垂線等の変位測定
に用いることにより、高精度のダムのたわみ観測装置を
構成することができる。(2) Since all the processing related to the measurement is performed by the electric signal processing, the reliability of the measurement is improved. (3) Since a plurality of unit light sources are used, even if a part of the unit light sources is lost due to a failure, a service life, or the like, the accuracy can be sufficiently maintained, and the redundancy as a maintenance device can be improved. . (4) Since a solid-state light emitting element such as an LED can be used as a unit light source, power consumption is less than when a motor is driven, and the measuring device itself can have a longer life. In addition, the detector of the catenary line displacement measuring device having the above-described configuration is fixed to the dam inner wall, and is used for displacement measurement of a catenary line hanging from the top of the dam or a reverse catenary line extending vertically from the immovable bedrock. Thereby, a high-precision dam deflection observation device can be configured.
【００６１】また、図１〜図１０に示した第１〜第４の
実施の形態は、懸垂線変位測定装置として説明したが、
これは、ダムのたわみ観測装置にそのまま適用すること
ができる。上述の懸垂線変位測定装置を実際に組み立て
た後、単位光源の位置を校正する必要がある。この場
合、校正用の治具（jig:組み立て補助具）を使う。すな
わち、位置が正確にわかっている鉛直棒を持った治具を
本装置の懸垂線変位測定領域に置き、装置を稼働させ、
それぞれの単位光源によって形成される陰影の位置を計
測する。上述の方法によって得た陰影の位置の測定結果
と、当該鉛直線の位置とから、単位光源の位置は逆算さ
れる。これにより、単位光源のＸ座標の校正を行うこと
ができる。すなわち、鉛直棒の位置のわかった治具を用
いることにより、各単位光源のＸ座標Ｌ1 ，Ｌ2 ，…Ｌ
n の位置を逆算できる。これにより、組み立て時の加工
精度を検討し直すことができる。Although the first to fourth embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 have been described as catenary line displacement measuring devices,
This can be applied to the deflection observation device of the dam as it is. After actually assembling the catenary displacement measuring apparatus described above, it is necessary to calibrate the position of the unit light source. In this case, a calibration jig (jig: an assembly aid) is used. That is, a jig with a vertical rod whose position is accurately known is placed in the catenary displacement measurement area of the present apparatus, and the apparatus is operated.
The position of the shadow formed by each unit light source is measured. The position of the unit light source is calculated backward from the measurement result of the position of the shadow obtained by the above method and the position of the vertical line. Thereby, calibration of the X coordinate of the unit light source can be performed. That is, by using a jig whose vertical bar position is known, the X coordinates L1, L2,.
You can calculate the position of n back. This makes it possible to reconsider the processing accuracy during assembly.
【００６２】さらに、鉛直棒の位置を変えた治具を用い
て、同様の測定を行う。単位光源による上記２つの鉛直
線が作る２つの陰影を用いて、逆算すると単位光源の、
Ｘ座標とＹ座標を一度に校正することが可能である。実
際は、測定誤差もあり、上述の方法では単位光源の校正
値の精度は不十分である。従って、鉛直棒の位置の変わ
った治具を３個以上、出来たら１０個ほど用いることに
すると、それぞれの治具で求めたＸ座標を平均化し、各
単位光源のＸ座標Ｌ1 ，Ｌ2 ，…Ｌn の位置をさらに精
度良く逆算できる。これにより、組み立て時の加工精度
を検討し直すことができる。 場合によっては、一次元
センサが傾いているとか、光源列とそれに対峙した一次
元センサとの平行性が悪いとかいった場合も鉛直棒の位
置の変わった治具を増やすことで校正することが可能と
なる。Further, the same measurement is performed using a jig in which the position of the vertical bar is changed. Using the two shades created by the above two vertical lines by the unit light source, back calculation gives the unit light source,
It is possible to calibrate the X and Y coordinates at once. Actually, there is a measurement error, and the accuracy of the calibration value of the unit light source is insufficient with the above method. Therefore, if three or more jigs whose positions of the vertical rods are changed, and if possible, about ten jigs, the X coordinates obtained by each jig are averaged, and the X coordinates L1, L2,. The position of Ln can be back calculated more accurately. This makes it possible to reconsider the processing accuracy during assembly. In some cases, if the one-dimensional sensor is tilted or the parallelism between the light source array and the one-dimensional sensor facing it is poor, calibration can be performed by increasing the number of jigs whose vertical bar positions have changed. It becomes possible.
【００６３】また、上述したところでは、ダムなどの被
測定物体の位置を示す線は、垂直方向に懸垂されている
ことを前提として説明してきた。しかし、本発明の要旨
とするところは、被測定物体の位置を示す線が懸垂され
ていることが必要なのではなく、当該位置表示線と、位
置検出平面が互いに直角に交差していることが必要なの
であり、従って、懸垂線の変位の測定に限られるもので
はなく、一般的な変位の測定にも適用可能なものであ
る。即ち、本発明に係る変位測定装置は、懸垂線の変位
の測定以外に、地震発生時や地盤変動に伴う地中構造物
や地上構造物などの上下方向、左右方向および傾方向の
変位・変形を位置指示棒で検知して測定することができ
る。The above description has been made on the assumption that the line indicating the position of the object to be measured such as a dam is suspended in the vertical direction. However, the gist of the present invention is that it is not necessary that the line indicating the position of the measured object is suspended, and that the position display line and the position detection plane intersect at right angles with each other. It is necessary and, therefore, is not limited to measurement of catenary line displacement, but is applicable to general displacement measurement. That is, in addition to measuring the displacement of the catenary line, the displacement measuring device according to the present invention can perform displacement / deformation of an underground structure, a ground structure, and the like in an up-down direction, a left-right direction, and a tilt direction at the time of an earthquake or ground deformation. Can be detected and measured with the position indicator rod.
【００６４】[0064]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように、本発明の請求項１に
よれば、複数の単位光源が一列に配列されてなる光源列
手段と、入射光の１次元情報を得る１次元センサ手段と
が、被計測物体の位置を指示する位置指示棒を挟んで互
いに対峙して配置され、前記光源列手段の各単位光源を
選択的に駆動するとともに、前記１次元センサ手段の入
射面に形成される前記位置指示棒の陰影の位置を、前記
１次元情報から検出して、該陰影位置に基づいて前記位
置指示棒の変位を求める構成により、摺動機構を用いる
ことなく位置指示棒の変位の測定を可能とし、光源列手
段の選択的駆動と、１次元センサで得られる１次元情報
の解析処理によって、視差による誤差の発生のおそれも
なく、長期にわたって安定で確実な測定を可能とする変
位測定装置を提供することができる。As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a light source array means in which a plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a line, and a one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light. Are arranged to face each other with a position indicating rod indicating the position of the object to be measured interposed therebetween, and selectively drive each unit light source of the light source array means, and are formed on the incident surface of the one-dimensional sensor means. The position of the shadow of the position indicator rod is detected from the one-dimensional information, and the displacement of the position indicator rod is obtained based on the shadow position. Displacement that enables measurement, and selectively drives the light source array means and analyzes the one-dimensional information obtained by the one-dimensional sensor without causing any error due to parallax, and enables stable and reliable measurement for a long time. Provide measuring equipment Rukoto can.
【００６５】また、本発明の請求項２によれば、複数の
単位光源が一列に配列されてなる光源列手段と、入射光
の１次元情報を得る１次元センサ手段とが、懸垂線を挟
んで互いに対峙して配置され、前記光源列手段の各単位
光源を選択的に駆動するとともに、前記１次元センサ手
段の入射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前
記１次元情報から検出して、該陰影位置に基づいて前記
懸垂線の変位を求める構成により、摺動機構を用いるこ
となく懸垂線の変位の測定を可能とし、光源列手段の選
択的駆動と、１次元センサで得られる１次元情報の解析
処理によって、視差による誤差の発生のおそれもなく、
長期にわたって安定で確実且つ迅速な測定を可能とする
変位測定装置を提供することができる。According to the second aspect of the present invention, the light source array means in which a plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a line and the one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light sandwich the catenary line. And selectively drive each unit light source of the light source array means, and determine the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the incident surface of the one-dimensional sensor means from the one-dimensional information. By detecting and calculating the displacement of the catenary line based on the shadow position, the displacement of the catenary line can be measured without using a sliding mechanism, and the selective driving of the light source array means and the one-dimensional sensor can be used. By the analysis processing of the obtained one-dimensional information, there is no possibility of occurrence of an error due to parallax,
It is possible to provide a displacement measurement device that enables stable, reliable, and quick measurement over a long period of time.
【００６６】また、本発明の請求項３の懸垂線変位測定
装置によれば、それぞれ複数の単位光源が一列に配列さ
れてなる第１および第２の光源列手段を直交配置すると
ともに、入射光の１次元情報を得る第１および第２の１
次元センサ手段を、それぞれ懸垂線を挟んで前記第１お
よび第２の光源列手段に対峙させて配置し、前記第１お
よび第２の光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動する
とともに、前記第１および第２の１次元センサ手段の入
射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１次
元情報から検出して、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線
の変位を求める構成により、光源列手段の選択的駆動
と、１次元センサで得られる１次元情報の解析処理によ
って、摺動機構を用いることなく、簡単な演算処理によ
る懸垂線の変位の２次元的な測定を可能とし、視差によ
る誤差の発生のおそれもなく、長期にわたって安定で確
実な測定が可能となる。According to the catenary displacement measuring apparatus of the third aspect of the present invention, the first and second light source array means each having a plurality of unit light sources arranged in a line are arranged orthogonally, and the incident light First and second 1 to obtain one-dimensional information of
Dimensional sensor means are arranged opposite to the first and second light source row means with the catenary line interposed therebetween, and selectively drive each unit light source of the first and second light source row means, A configuration in which the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the entrance surface of the first and second one-dimensional sensor means is detected from the one-dimensional information, and the displacement of the catenary line is obtained based on the shadow position. Thus, the two-dimensional measurement of catenary line displacement can be performed by simple arithmetic processing without using a sliding mechanism by selectively driving the light source array means and analyzing one-dimensional information obtained by the one-dimensional sensor. Therefore, stable and reliable measurement can be performed for a long time without causing an error due to parallax.
【００６７】本発明の請求項４の懸垂線変位測定装置に
よれば、それぞれ複数の単位光源が一列に配列されてな
る第１〜第４の光源列手段が懸垂線を囲んで四方に配置
され、前記第１〜第４の光源列手段からの入射光の１次
元情報を得る第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段がそれぞれ
前記懸垂線を挟んで平行に対峙して四方に配置されて、
前記第１〜第４の光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆
動するとともに、前記第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段の
入射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１
次元情報から検出して、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂
線の変位を求める構成により、懸垂線の四方に配置され
る第１〜第４の光源列手段の選択的駆動と、該光源列手
段に対峙する第１〜第４の１次元センサで得られる１次
元情報の解析処理によって、摺動機構を用いることな
く、簡単に且つ正確に懸垂線の変位の２次元的な測定を
可能とし、視差による誤差の発生のおそれもなく、長期
にわたって安定で確実な測定が可能となる。According to the catenary line displacement measuring device of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the first to fourth light source array means each having a plurality of unit light sources arranged in a line are arranged on all sides around the catenary line. The first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of the incident light from the first to fourth light source array means are arranged in four directions facing each other in parallel with the catenary line interposed therebetween,
While selectively driving each unit light source of the first to fourth light source array means, the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the incident surface of the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means is set to 1
By selectively detecting the displacement of the catenary line based on the shadow position by detecting from the dimensional information, selectively driving the first to fourth light source line means arranged on four sides of the catenary line; The analysis processing of the one-dimensional information obtained by the first to fourth one-dimensional sensors confronting the above enables the two-dimensional measurement of the displacement of the catenary line easily and accurately without using a sliding mechanism, There is no risk of an error due to parallax, and stable and reliable measurement can be performed for a long period of time.
【００６８】また、本発明の請求項５のダムのたわみ観
測装置によれば、複数の単位光源が一列に配列されてな
る光源列手段と、入射光の１次元情報を得る１次元セン
サ手段とが、ダムの基準点から当該ダムの内部に鉛直に
延設される懸垂線を挟んで互いに対峙して配置され、前
記光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動するととも
に、前記１次元センサ手段の入射面に形成される前記懸
垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１次元情報から検出して、該
陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求め、ダムのた
わみを観測する構成により、光源列手段の選択的駆動
と、１次元センサで得られる１次元情報の解析処理によ
って、摺動機構を用いることなく懸垂線の変位の測定を
可能とし、視差による誤差の発生のおそれもなく、長期
にわたって安定で確実な、ダムのたわみの観測が可能と
なる。Further, according to the dam deflection observing device of the fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a light source array means in which a plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a line, and a one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light. Are arranged opposite to each other with a catenary line extending vertically inside the dam from a reference point of the dam, selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means, and the one-dimensional sensor The position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the entrance surface of the means is detected from the one-dimensional information, the displacement of the catenary line is determined based on the position of the shadow, and the deflection of the dam is observed. By selectively driving the row means and analyzing the one-dimensional information obtained by the one-dimensional sensor, it is possible to measure the displacement of the catenary line without using a sliding mechanism. Stable over time , It is possible to observe the deflection of the dam.
【００６９】本発明の請求項６のダムのたわみ観測装置
によれば、それぞれ複数の単位光源が一列に配列されて
なる第１および第２の光源列手段を直交配置するととも
に、入射光の１次元情報を得る第１および第２の１次元
センサ手段を、それぞれダムの基準点から当該ダムの内
部に鉛直に延設される懸垂線を挟んで、前記第１および
第２の光源列手段に対峙させて配置し、前記第１および
第２の光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動するとと
もに、前記第１および第２の１次元センサ手段の入射面
に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１次元情
報から検出して、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変
位を求め、ダムのたわみを観測する構成により、光源列
手段の選択的駆動と、１次元センサで得られる１次元情
報の解析処理によって、摺動機構を用いることなく、簡
単な演算処理による懸垂線の変位の２次元的な測定を可
能とし、視差による誤差の発生のおそれもなく、長期に
わたって安定で確実な、ダムのたわみの観測が可能とな
る。According to the deflection measuring device for dams of the present invention, the first and second light source array means each having a plurality of unit light sources arranged in a line are arranged orthogonally and one of the incident light beams is arranged. First and second one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining dimensional information are respectively connected to the first and second light source array means with a catenary line extending vertically from the reference point of the dam inside the dam. The first and second one-dimensional sensor means are selectively driven for each unit light source of the first and second light source row means, and the catenary line formed on the incident surface of the first and second one-dimensional sensor means is arranged. The position of the shadow is detected from the one-dimensional information, the displacement of the catenary line is determined based on the position of the shadow, and the deflection of the dam is observed. By analyzing the obtained one-dimensional information Therefore, without using a sliding mechanism, two-dimensional measurement of catenary line displacement can be performed by simple arithmetic processing, there is no danger of occurrence of errors due to parallax, and stable and reliable Observation becomes possible.
【００７０】本発明の請求項７のダムのたわみ観測装置
によれば、それぞれ複数の単位光源を一列に配列してな
る第１〜第４の光源列手段が、ダムの基準点から当該ダ
ムの内部に鉛直に延設される懸垂線を囲んで四方に配置
され、前記第１〜第４の光源列手段からの入射光の１次
元情報を得る第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段がそれぞれ
前記懸垂線を挟んで平行に対峙して四方に配置されて、
前記第１〜第４の光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆
動するとともに、前記第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段の
入射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１
次元情報から検出して、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂
線の変位を求め、ダムのたわみを観測する構成により、
懸垂線の四方に配置される第１〜第４の光源列手段の選
択的駆動と、該光源列手段に対峙する第１〜第４の１次
元センサで得られる１次元情報の解析処理によって、摺
動機構を用いることなく、簡単に且つ正確に懸垂線の変
位の２次元的な測定を可能とし、視差による誤差の発生
のおそれもなく、長期にわたって安定で確実な、ダムの
たわみの観測が可能となる。According to the deflection observation device for a dam of the present invention, the first to fourth light source array means each having a plurality of unit light sources arranged in a line are arranged from the reference point of the dam to the dam. First to fourth one-dimensional sensor means are disposed on all sides around a vertically extending catenary line and obtain one-dimensional information of incident light from the first to fourth light source array means. It is arranged in four directions facing in parallel with the catenary line in between,
While selectively driving each unit light source of the first to fourth light source array means, the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the incident surface of the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means is set to 1
By detecting from the dimensional information, determining the displacement of the catenary line based on the shadow position, by observing the deflection of the dam,
By selectively driving the first to fourth light source array means arranged on all sides of the catenary and analyzing the one-dimensional information obtained by the first to fourth one-dimensional sensors facing the light source array means, It enables simple and accurate two-dimensional measurement of catenary line displacement without using a sliding mechanism, and there is no danger of errors due to parallax, and stable and reliable observation of dam deflection over a long period of time. It becomes possible.
【００７１】本発明の請求項８のダムのたわみ観測装置
によれば、前記第１〜第４の光源列手段および第１〜第
４の１次元センサ手段を、ダムの基準点から当該ダムの
内部に鉛直に延設される懸垂線が垂直に交わるほぼ同一
平面上に配置し、且つ前記変位算定手段は、前記第１〜
第４の光源列手段により形成される陰影を、各対峙する
１次元センサ手段およびそれに隣接する１次元センサ手
段により検出する構成により、懸垂線の四方に配置され
る第１〜第４の光源列手段の射出光による該懸垂線の陰
影情報が、該光源列手段にそれぞれ正対する第１〜第４
の１次元センサのみで検出できない場合には、当該１次
元センサに隣接する１次元センサの１次元情報をも用い
た解析処理によって、摺動機構を用いることなく、簡単
に且つ正確に懸垂線の変位の２次元的な測定を可能と
し、視差による誤差の発生のおそれもなく、長期にわた
って安定で確実な、ダムのたわみの観測が可能となる。According to the deflection observation device for a dam according to claim 8 of the present invention, the first to fourth light source array means and the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means are connected to the dam reference point from the dam reference point. The catenary line vertically extending inside is arranged on substantially the same plane where the vertical line intersects vertically, and the displacement calculating means is the first to the first.
The first to fourth light source arrays arranged on the four sides of the catenary line by the configuration in which the shadow formed by the fourth light source array means is detected by each one-dimensional sensor means facing each other and the one-dimensional sensor means adjacent thereto. The shadow information of the catenary line due to the light emitted from the light source means corresponds to the first to fourth light sources respectively facing the light source array means.
If it is not possible to detect with only one-dimensional sensor, the analysis of the one-dimensional sensor adjacent to the one-dimensional sensor can be performed easily and accurately by using the one-dimensional sensor without using a sliding mechanism. Displacement can be measured two-dimensionally, and there is no risk of occurrence of errors due to parallax, and stable and reliable observation of dam deflection over a long period of time becomes possible.
【００７２】本発明の請求項９のダムのたわみ観測装置
によれば、光源列手段の複数の単位光源が、ダムの基準
点から当該ダムの内部に鉛直に延設される懸垂線を囲ん
で環状をなして配置され、前記各単位光源からの入射光
の１次元情報を得る複数の１次元センサ手段がそれぞれ
前記懸垂線を挟んで対峙して多角形をなして配置され
て、前記光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動すると
ともに、前記複数の１次元センサ手段の入射面に形成さ
れる前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１次元情報から検
出して、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求
め、ダムのたわみを観測する構成により、懸垂線の周囲
に環状に配置される光源列手段の複数の単位光源の選択
的駆動と、該光源列手段に対峙する複数の１次元センサ
手段で得られる１次元情報の解析処理とによって、摺動
機構を用いることなく、簡単に且つ正確に懸垂線の変位
の２次元的な測定を可能とし、視差による誤差の発生の
おそれもなく、長期にわたって安定で確実な、ダムのた
わみの観測が可能となる。According to the deflection measuring device for dams of the ninth aspect of the present invention, the plurality of unit light sources of the light source array means surround the catenary line extending vertically from the reference point of the dam to the inside of the dam. A plurality of one-dimensional sensor means arranged in an annular shape and obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light from each of the unit light sources are arranged in a polygonal shape facing each other across the catenary line, and the light source array Selectively driving each unit light source of the means, detecting a position of a shadow of the catenary line formed on an incident surface of the plurality of one-dimensional sensor means from the one-dimensional information, and based on the shadow position. The displacement of the catenary line is obtained by the above-described configuration, and the deflection of the dam is observed, thereby selectively driving the plurality of unit light sources of the light source array means arranged annularly around the catenary line and the plurality of unit light sources facing the light source array means. One-dimensional obtained by one-dimensional sensor means The information analysis process enables simple and accurate two-dimensional measurement of catenary line displacement without the use of a sliding mechanism. There is no danger of errors due to parallax, and stable and reliable for a long time. , The observation of the deflection of the dam becomes possible.
【００７３】本発明の請求項１０のダムのたわみ観測装
置によれば、ダムの基準点から当該ダムの内部に鉛直に
延設される懸垂線を囲む円周上に配列される複数の単位
光源からなる光源列手段と、前記光源列手段と同様に円
周上に配列され、前記光源列手段を形成する複数の単位
光源に前記懸垂線を挟んで対峙して、入射光の１次元情
報を得る環状の１次元センサ手段とを配置し、前記光源
列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動するとともに、前記
複数の１次元センサ手段の入射面に形成される前記懸垂
線の陰影の位置を、前記１次元情報から検出して、該陰
影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求め、ダムのたわ
みを観測する構成により、懸垂線を囲む円周上に配置さ
れる複数の光源列手段の選択的駆動と、該光源列手段の
各単位光源に懸垂線を介して対峙する１次元センサ手段
で得られる１次元情報の解析処理とによって、摺動機構
を用いることなく、簡単に且つ正確に懸垂線の変位の２
次元的な測定を可能とし、視差による誤差の発生のおそ
れもなく、長期にわたって安定で確実な、ダムのたわみ
の観測が可能となる。According to the deflection measuring device for a dam of the tenth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of unit light sources arranged on a circumference surrounding a catenary line vertically extending inside the dam from a reference point of the dam are provided. And a plurality of unit light sources which are arranged on the circumference similarly to the light source array means, and which face the plurality of unit light sources forming the light source array means with the catenary line interposed therebetween, thereby obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light. Annular one-dimensional sensor means to be obtained, selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means, and determining the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the incident surface of the plurality of one-dimensional sensor means. , Detecting the displacement of the catenary line based on the shadow position, detecting the deflection of the catenary line, and observing the deflection of the dam. Selective driving and hanging on each unit light source of the light source array means By the analysis of the one-dimensional information obtained by the one-dimensional sensor means facing through, without using a sliding mechanism, the easy and accurately catenary displacement 2
Dimensional measurement is possible, and there is no danger of errors due to parallax, and stable and reliable observation of dam deflection over a long period of time becomes possible.
【００７４】本発明の請求項１１のダムのたわみ観測装
置によれば、前記懸垂線手段が、ダムの天端から当該ダ
ムの内部に垂下した懸垂線を形成する手段を含む構成に
より、変位測定個所に対するダムの天端の変位を有効に
観測することができる。本発明の請求項１２のダムのた
わみ観測装置によれば、前記懸垂線手段が、ダムが設置
された不動岩盤から当該ダムの内部に鉛直に浮上させた
逆懸垂線からなる懸垂線を形成する手段を含む構成によ
り、不動岩盤に対する変位測定個所の変位を有効に観測
することができる。According to the deflection measuring apparatus for a dam of the present invention, the catenary means includes a means for forming a catenary hanging from the top end of the dam into the dam. The displacement of the top of the dam with respect to the location can be effectively observed. According to the deflection observation device for a dam of the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the catenary means forms a catenary line composed of a reverse catenary line vertically floating from the immovable bedrock where the dam is installed inside the dam. With the configuration including the means, the displacement of the displacement measuring point with respect to the immovable rock can be effectively observed.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る変位測定装置
の一例である懸垂線変位測定装置の原理的配置構成を模
式的に示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a principle arrangement of a catenary displacement measuring device which is an example of a displacement measuring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１の懸垂線変位測定装置の変位検出処理系の
構成を模式的に示すブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a displacement detection processing system of the catenary line displacement measuring device of FIG. 1;
【図３】図１の懸垂線変位測定装置の動作原理を説明す
るための１次元センサの検出出力波形の一例を模式的に
示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a detection output waveform of a one-dimensional sensor for explaining the operation principle of the catenary line displacement measuring device of FIG. 1;
【図４】図１の懸垂線変位測定装置の動作原理を説明す
るための１次元センサの検出出力波形のシェーディング
による影響の一例を模式的に示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of an influence of shading on a detection output waveform of a one-dimensional sensor for explaining an operation principle of the catenary displacement measuring device of FIG. 1;
【図５】図１の懸垂線変位測定装置の動作原理を説明す
るための変位算出原理を説明するための図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a displacement calculation principle for explaining an operation principle of the catenary line displacement measuring device of FIG. 1;
【図６】本発明の第２の実施の形態に係る変位測定装置
の一例である懸垂線変位測定装置の要部である検出部の
原理的配置構成を模式的に示す図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a principle arrangement of a detecting unit which is a main part of a catenary line displacement measuring device which is an example of a displacement measuring device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】図６の懸垂線変位測定装置の変位検出処理系の
構成を模式的に示すブロック図である。7 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a displacement detection processing system of the catenary line displacement measuring device of FIG. 6;
【図８】本発明の第３の実施の形態に係る変位測定装置
の一例である懸垂線変位測定装置の要部である検出部の
原理的配置構成を模式的に示す図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing a principle arrangement configuration of a detection unit which is a main part of a catenary line displacement measuring device which is an example of a displacement measuring device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図９】図８の懸垂線変位測定装置の検出部の構成を模
式的に示す斜視図である。9 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a detection unit of the catenary line displacement measuring device of FIG.
【図１０】本発明の第４の実施の形態に係る変位測定装
置の一例である懸垂線変位測定装置の要部である検出部
の原理的配置構成を模式的に示す図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing a principle arrangement of a detection unit which is a main part of a catenary line displacement measuring device which is an example of a displacement measuring device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図１１】ダムのたわみ観測装置の原理を説明するため
の模式的断面図である。FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the principle of the dam deflection observation device.
【図１２】従来のダムのたわみ観測装置に用いられてい
る懸垂線変位測定装置の一例の構成を模式的に示す図で
ある。FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of an example of a catenary line displacement measuring device used in a conventional dam deflection observation device.
【図１３】従来のダムのたわみ観測装置に用いられてい
る懸垂線変位測定装置の他の一例の構成を模式的に示す
図である。FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of another example of a catenary line displacement measuring device used in a conventional dam deflection measuring device.
１、４Ｘ、４Ｙ、７Ａ〜７Ｄ、１０ 光源列 １1，１2，…１n、１０1，１０2，…１０N 単位光源 ２、５Ｘ、５Ｙ、８Ａ〜８Ｄ、９−1，９−2，…９−N
１次元センサ ３、６ 変位検出処理装置 ９ １次元センサ群 ３１、６１ 光源駆動部 ３２、６２ 変位算定部 ３３、６３ 出力部 Ｐ 懸垂線1,4X, 4Y, 7A~7D, 10 light source array 1 1, 1 2, ... 1 n, 10 1, 10 2, ... 10 N unit light source 2,5X, 5Y, 8A~8D, 9-1,9- 2, ... 9-N
One-dimensional sensor 3, 6 Displacement detection processing device 9 One-dimensional sensor group 31, 61 Light source drive unit 32, 62 Displacement calculation unit 33, 63 Output unit P Catenary
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 岩井 直康 東京都新宿区西新宿３丁目６番５号 株式 会社ジオテック内 (72)発明者 津田 裕也 東京都新宿区西新宿３丁目６番５号 株式 会社ジオテック内 (72)発明者 重富 英樹 東京都新宿区西新宿３丁目６番５号 株式 会社ジオテック内 Ｆターム(参考） 2F065 AA09 AA65 CC14 DD06 FF02 GG07 GG14 HH02 JJ02 JJ25 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Naoyasu Iwai 3-6-5 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Geotech Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yuya Tsuda 3-6-5-Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Geotech Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hideki Shigetomi 3-6-5 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo F-term within Geotech Co., Ltd. 2F065 AA09 AA65 CC14 DD06 FF02 GG07 GG14 HH02 JJ02 JJ25
Claims (12)
と前記位置指示棒に対しほぼ直角に交差する平面上で、
前記位置指示棒の側方に配置され、複数の単位光源が一
列に配列されてなる光源列手段と、 前記位置指示棒を挟んで前記光源列手段に対峙して配置
され、入射光の１次元情報を得る１次元センサ手段と、 前記光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動する光源駆
動手段と、 前記光源駆動手段に駆動される光源列手段により前記１
次元センサ手段の入射面に形成される前記位置指示棒の
陰影の位置を、前記１次元センサの１次元情報から検出
し、該陰影位置に基づいて前記位置指示棒の変位を求め
る変位算定手段とを具備することを特徴とする変位測定
装置。1. A position indicating rod for indicating a position of an object to be measured and a plane intersecting at a right angle to the position indicating rod,
A light source array means which is arranged on the side of the position indicating rod and in which a plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a line; One-dimensional sensor means for obtaining information; light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means; and light source driving means driven by the light source driving means.
Displacement calculating means for detecting the position of the shadow of the position indicator rod formed on the incident surface of the dimension sensor means from the one-dimensional information of the one-dimensional sensor, and calculating displacement of the position indicator rod based on the shadow position; A displacement measuring device comprising:
が一列に配列されてなる光源列手段と、 前記懸垂線を挟んで前記光源列手段に対峙して配置さ
れ、入射光の１次元情報を得る１次元センサ手段と、 前記光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動する光源駆
動手段と、 前記光源駆動手段に駆動される光源列手段により前記１
次元センサ手段の入射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影
の位置を、前記１次元センサの１次元情報から検出し、
該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求める変位算
定手段とを具備することを特徴とする変位測定装置。2. A light source array comprising a plurality of unit light sources arranged side by side of a catenary line, and a plurality of unit light sources arranged in a line; One-dimensional sensor means for obtaining dimensional information; light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means; and light source array means driven by the light source driving means.
Detecting the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the incident surface of the one-dimensional sensor from the one-dimensional information of the one-dimensional sensor;
A displacement calculating unit for calculating a displacement of the catenary based on the shadow position.
が一列に配列されてなる第１の光源列手段と、 前記懸垂線を挟んで前記第１の光源列手段に平行に対峙
して配置され、入射光の１次元情報を得る第１の１次元
センサ手段と、 前記懸垂線の側方に配置され複数の単位光源が、前記第
１の光源列手段に対して直交する方向に一列に配列され
てなる第２の光源列手段と、 前記懸垂線を挟んで前記第２の光源列手段に平行に対峙
して配置され、入射光の１次元情報を得る第２の１次元
センサ手段と、 前記第１および第２の光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的
に駆動する光源駆動手段と、 前記光源駆動手段に駆動される前記第１および第２の光
源列手段により前記第１および第２の１次元センサ手段
の入射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、 前記各１次元センサ手段の１次元情報から検出し、該陰
影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求める変位算定手
段とを具備することを特徴とする変位測定装置。3. A first light source array comprising a plurality of unit light sources arranged on a side of the catenary and arranged in a line, and faces the first light source array in parallel with the catenary. First one-dimensional sensor means arranged to obtain one-dimensional information of incident light; and a plurality of unit light sources arranged beside the catenary line in a direction orthogonal to the first light source array means. A second array of light sources arranged in a row, and a second one-dimensional sensor arranged parallel to and facing the second array of light sources with the catenary line interposed therebetween, and for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light. Means, light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the first and second light source array means, and the first and second light source array means driven by the light source driving means. And the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the entrance surface of the second one-dimensional sensor means , Detected from the one-dimensional information of the respective 1-dimensional sensor means, the displacement measuring apparatus characterized by comprising a displacement calculating means for obtaining the displacement of the catenary based on said cathode shadow position.
れ複数の単位光源が一列に配列されてなる第１〜第４の
光源列手段と、 前記第１〜第４の光源列手段にそれぞれ前記懸垂線を挟
んで平行に対峙して四方に配置され、それぞれ入射光の
１次元情報を得る第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段と、 前記第１〜第４の光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆
動する光源駆動手段と、 前記光源駆動手段に駆動される前記第１〜第４の光源列
手段により前記第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段の各入射
面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記第１〜
第４の１次元センサ手段の各１次元情報から検出し、該
陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求める変位算定
手段とを具備することを特徴とする変位測定装置。4. A first to a fourth light source array means which are arranged in four directions around a catenary line, and each of which includes a plurality of unit light sources arranged in a line; First to fourth one-dimensional sensor means which are arranged in parallel on opposite sides of the catenary line and obtain one-dimensional information of incident light, and each unit of the first to fourth light source array means A light source driving unit for selectively driving a light source, and the first to fourth light source array units driven by the light source driving unit are formed on the respective incident surfaces of the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor units. The position of the shade of the catenary line is the first to the first.
A displacement measuring device, comprising: a displacement calculating unit that detects from each one-dimensional information of a fourth one-dimensional sensor unit and obtains a displacement of the catenary line based on the shadow position.
直に延設される懸垂線を形成する懸垂線手段と、前記ダ
ムの内壁に固定されて、前記懸垂線の側方に配置され複
数の単位光源が一列に配列されてなる光源列手段と、前
記ダムの内壁に固定されて、前記懸垂線を挟んで前記光
源列手段に対峙して配置され、入射光の１次元情報を得
る１次元センサ手段と、前記光源列手段の各単位光源を
選択的に駆動する光源駆動手段と、前記光源駆動手段に
駆動される光源列手段により前記１次元センサ手段の入
射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記１次
元情報から検出し、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の
変位を求め、ダムのたわみを観測する変位算定手段とを
具備することを特徴とするダムのたわみ観測装置。5. A catenary means for forming a catenary extending vertically from the reference point of the dam into the dam, and fixed to an inner wall of the dam and arranged on a side of the catenary. A light source array having a plurality of unit light sources arranged in a line, and fixed to the inner wall of the dam, arranged to face the light source array with the catenary line interposed therebetween, to obtain one-dimensional information of incident light. A one-dimensional sensor unit, a light source driving unit for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array unit, and a light source array unit driven by the light source driving unit, the light source array unit being formed on an incident surface of the one-dimensional sensor unit. Displacement detection means for detecting the position of the shadow of the catenary from the one-dimensional information, determining the displacement of the catenary based on the position of the shadow, and observing the deflection of the dam. Deflection observation device.
直に延設される懸垂線を形成する懸垂線手段と、 前記ダムの内壁に固定されて、前記懸垂線の側方に配置
され複数の単位光源が一列に配列されてなる第１の光源
列手段と、 前記ダムの内壁に固定されて、前記懸垂線を挟んで前記
第１の光源列手段に平行に対峙して配置され、入射光の
１次元情報を得る第１の１次元センサ手段と、 前記ダムの内壁に固定されて、前記懸垂線の側方に配置
され複数の単位光源が、前記第１の光源列手段に対して
直交する方向に一列に配列されてなる第２の光源列手段
と、 前記ダムの内壁に固定されて、前記懸垂線を挟んで前記
第２の光源列手段に平行に対峙して配置され、入射光の
１次元情報を得る第２の１次元センサ手段と、 前記第１および第２の光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的
に駆動する光源駆動手段と、 前記光源駆動手段に駆動される前記第１および第２の光
源列手段により前記第１および第２の１次元センサ手段
の入射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記
各１次元センサ手段の１次元情報から検出し、該陰影位
置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求め、ダムのたわみを
観測する変位算定手段とを具備することを特徴とするダ
ムのたわみ観測装置。6. A catenary line means for forming a catenary line extending vertically from the reference point of the dam inside the dam, and fixed to an inner wall of the dam and arranged on a side of the catenary line. A first light source array means in which a plurality of unit light sources are arranged in a row, fixed to an inner wall of the dam, and arranged in parallel to and facing the first light source array means with the catenary line interposed therebetween; First one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light; and a plurality of unit light sources fixed to the inner wall of the dam and arranged on the side of the catenary line, with respect to the first light source array means. A second light source array means arranged in a line in a direction orthogonal to the second light source means, fixed to the inner wall of the dam, and disposed in parallel to the second light source array means across the catenary line, Second one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light; and the first and second lights Light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the row means; and the entrance surfaces of the first and second one-dimensional sensor means by the first and second light source row means driven by the light source driving means. Displacement calculating means for detecting the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the one-dimensional information of the one-dimensional sensor means, obtaining the displacement of the catenary line based on the position of the shadow, and observing the deflection of the dam. A deflection observation device for a dam, comprising:
直に延設される懸垂線を形成する懸垂線手段と、 前記ダムの内壁に固定されて、前記懸垂線を囲んで四方
に配置され、それぞれ複数の単位光源が一列に配列され
てなる第１〜第４の光源列手段と、 前記ダムの内壁に固定されて、前記第１〜第４の光源列
手段にそれぞれ前記懸垂線を挟んで平行に対峙して四方
に配置され、それぞれ入射光の１次元情報を得る第１〜
第４の１次元センサ手段と、 前記第１〜第４の光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆
動する光源駆動手段と、 前記光源駆動手段に駆動される前記第１〜第４の光源列
手段により前記第１〜第４の１次元センサ手段の各入射
面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記第１〜
第４の１次元センサ手段の各１次元情報から検出し、該
陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求め、ダムのた
わみを観測する変位算定手段とを具備することを特徴と
するダムのたわみ観測装置。7. A catenary line means for forming a catenary line extending vertically from the reference point of the dam into the dam, fixed to the inner wall of the dam, and arranged on all sides around the catenary line. And a plurality of unit light sources arranged in a line, a first to a fourth light source array means, and the catenary is fixed to the inner wall of the dam, and the catenary lines are respectively provided to the first to the fourth light source array means. The first to the first to obtain the one-dimensional information of the incident light are arranged in four directions facing each other in parallel and sandwiched
Fourth one-dimensional sensor means, light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the first to fourth light source array means, and the first to fourth light sources driven by the light source driving means The position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on each incident surface of the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means by the row means is determined by the first to fourth one-dimensional sensor means.
A displacement calculating means for detecting from the one-dimensional information of the fourth one-dimensional sensor means, obtaining the displacement of the catenary line based on the shadow position, and observing the deflection of the dam. Deflection observation device.
〜第４の１次元センサ手段は、前記懸垂線が垂直に交わ
るほぼ同一平面上に配置され、且つ前記変位算定手段
は、前記第１〜第４の光源列手段により形成される陰影
を、各対峙する１次元センサ手段およびそれに隣接する
１次元センサ手段により検出する構成としたことを特徴
とする請求項７に記載のダムのたわみ観測装置。8. The first to fourth light source array means and the first light source array means.
The fourth to fourth one-dimensional sensor means are arranged on substantially the same plane where the catenary lines intersect perpendicularly, and the displacement calculating means determines the shadow formed by the first to fourth light source array means. 8. The deflection observation device for a dam according to claim 7, wherein the detection is performed by one-dimensional sensor means facing one another and one-dimensional sensor means adjacent thereto.
直に延設される懸垂線を形成する懸垂線手段と、 前記ダムの内壁に固定されて、前記懸垂線を囲む円周上
に配列される複数の単位光源からなる光源列手段と、 前記ダムの内壁に固定されて、前記懸垂線を囲む多角形
を形成して、該多角形の各辺にそれぞれ前記懸垂線を挟
んで前記単位光源に対峙して配置され、それぞれ入射光
の１次元情報を得る複数の１次元センサ手段と、 前記光源列手段の各単位光源を選択的に駆動する光源駆
動手段と、 前記光源駆動手段に駆動される前記複数の各単位光源に
より前記複数の１次元センサ手段の各入射面に形成され
る前記懸垂線の陰影の位置を、前記複数の１次元センサ
手段の各１次元情報から検出し、該陰影位置に基づいて
前記懸垂線の変位を求め、ダムのたわみを観測する変位
算定手段とを具備することを特徴とするダムのたわみ観
測装置。9. A catenary line means for forming a catenary line extending vertically from the reference point of the dam inside the dam, and a catenary line fixed to the inner wall of the dam and surrounding the catenary line. A light source array means comprising a plurality of unit light sources arranged, a polygon fixed to the inner wall of the dam and surrounding the catenary line, and each side of the polygon sandwiching the catenary line, A plurality of one-dimensional sensor units arranged to face the unit light sources and each obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light; a light source driving unit for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array unit; and a light source driving unit. Detecting the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on each entrance surface of the plurality of one-dimensional sensor means by each of the plurality of unit light sources driven from each one-dimensional information of the plurality of one-dimensional sensor means; Displacement of the catenary based on the shadow position Because, dam deflection observation apparatus characterized by comprising a displacement calculating means for observing the deflection of the dam.
鉛直に延設される懸垂線を形成する懸垂線手段と、 前記ダムの内壁に固定されて、前記懸垂線を囲む円周上
に配列される複数の単位光源からなる光源列手段と、 前記ダムの内壁に固定されて、前記光源列手段と同様に
円周上に配列され、前記光源列手段を形成する複数の単
位光源に前記懸垂線を挟んで対峙して、入射光の１次元
情報を得る環状の１次元センサ手段と、前記光源列手段
の各単位光源を選択的に駆動する光源駆動手段と、前記
光源駆動手段に駆動される前記光源列手段により前記１
次元センサ手段の入射面に形成される前記懸垂線の陰影
の位置を、前記１次元センサ手段の各１次元情報から検
出し、該陰影位置に基づいて前記懸垂線の変位を求め、
ダムのたわみを観測する変位算定手段とを具備すること
を特徴とするダムのたわみ観測装置。10. A catenary means for forming a catenary extending vertically from the reference point of the dam into the dam, and a catenary which is fixed to an inner wall of the dam and surrounds the catenary. Light source array means comprising a plurality of unit light sources arranged; fixed to the inner wall of the dam, arranged on the circumference similarly to the light source array means, and a plurality of unit light sources forming the light source array means; Ring-shaped one-dimensional sensor means for obtaining one-dimensional information of incident light confronting the catenary line, light source driving means for selectively driving each unit light source of the light source array means, and driving by the light source driving means The light source array means to
Detecting the position of the shadow of the catenary line formed on the incident surface of the one-dimensional sensor means from each one-dimensional information of the one-dimensional sensor means, and calculating the displacement of the catenary line based on the shadow position;
Displacement calculating means for observing the deflection of a dam.
該ダムの内部に垂下した懸垂線を形成する手段を含むこ
とを特徴とする請求項５〜１０のうちのいずれか１項に
記載のダムのたわみ観測装置。11. The method according to claim 5, wherein said catenary means includes means for forming a catenary hanging from the top of the dam into the interior of the dam. Observation device for dams in Japan.
不動岩盤から当該ダムの内部に鉛直に浮上させた逆懸垂
線からなる懸垂線を形成する手段を含むことを特徴とす
る請求項５〜１１のうちのいずれか１項に記載のダムの
たわみ観測装置。12. The catenary means includes means for forming a catenary line composed of a reverse catenary line vertically levitated inside the dam from the immovable bedrock on which the dam is installed. 12. The deflection observation device for a dam according to any one of to 11.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10267214A JP2000081316A (en) | 1998-09-07 | 1998-09-07 | Displacement measuring apparatus and deflection observing apparatus for dam |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10267214A JP2000081316A (en) | 1998-09-07 | 1998-09-07 | Displacement measuring apparatus and deflection observing apparatus for dam |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000081316A true JP2000081316A (en) | 2000-03-21 |
Family
ID=17441734
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10267214A Pending JP2000081316A (en) | 1998-09-07 | 1998-09-07 | Displacement measuring apparatus and deflection observing apparatus for dam |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000081316A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009294032A (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-17 | Meidensha Corp | Image measuring apparatus and calibration method therefor |
| CN109764823A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-17 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method for concrete face rockfill dam |
| CN115077507A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-20 | 应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院 | Perpendicular line coordinatograph based on linear array CCD |
-
1998
- 1998-09-07 JP JP10267214A patent/JP2000081316A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009294032A (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-17 | Meidensha Corp | Image measuring apparatus and calibration method therefor |
| CN109764823A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-17 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM and method for concrete face rockfill dam |
| CN115077507A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-20 | 应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院 | Perpendicular line coordinatograph based on linear array CCD |
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