JP2000051733A - Separation method of hydrophilic particle from hydrophobic particle both having low specific gravity and device therefor - Google Patents
Separation method of hydrophilic particle from hydrophobic particle both having low specific gravity and device thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000051733A JP2000051733A JP10226013A JP22601398A JP2000051733A JP 2000051733 A JP2000051733 A JP 2000051733A JP 10226013 A JP10226013 A JP 10226013A JP 22601398 A JP22601398 A JP 22601398A JP 2000051733 A JP2000051733 A JP 2000051733A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- hydrophilic
- bubble
- water
- hydrophobic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、比重１以下の低比
重の親水性粒子と疎水性粒子とを分離する方法及びその
ための装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for separating hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and an apparatus therefor.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、粒子混合物から特定粒子を分離す
るための方法として浮遊選別法（以下、浮選法という）
が用いられている。浮選法は、粒径が２０μｍ〜１ｍｍ
程度の親水性粒子と疎水性粒子が共存する懸濁液中で気
泡を発生させ、疎水性粒子が気泡に付着する原理を用い
て、親水性粒子と疎水性粒子とを分離する技術である。
気泡に付着した疎水性粒子は、その比重の大小に関わら
ず気泡の浮力により水面上に浮遊し、親水性粒子はその
比重に従って水中を沈降するので、浮選槽中の上部粒子
部分と底部粒子部分を回収することでその相互の分離が
達成される。この原理からわかるように、分離対象とな
る粒子は水中で沈降する粒子、即ち比重１を超える粒子
に限定される。一方、近年においては、プラスチック廃
棄物等の低比重の粒子混合物をその種類別や特性別に分
離することが要望されており、その分離を経済的に実施
し得る技術の開発が望まれている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for separating specific particles from a particle mixture, a flotation method (hereinafter referred to as a flotation method).
Is used. In the flotation method, the particle size is 20 μm to 1 mm
This is a technique in which bubbles are generated in a suspension in which hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles coexist to a certain degree, and hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles are separated using the principle that hydrophobic particles adhere to the bubbles.
The hydrophobic particles attached to the air bubbles float on the water surface due to the buoyancy of the air bubbles regardless of the specific gravity, and the hydrophilic particles settle in the water according to the specific gravity. Recovering the parts achieves their separation from each other. As understood from this principle, particles to be separated are limited to particles that settle in water, that is, particles having a specific gravity of more than 1. On the other hand, in recent years, it has been demanded to separate a particle mixture having a low specific gravity, such as a plastic waste, according to its type and characteristics, and there has been a demand for the development of a technology capable of performing the separation economically.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、比重１以下
の親水性粒子及び比重１以下の疎水性粒子からなる混合
物をそれぞれの粒子群に分離する方法、及びそのための
装置を提供することをその課題とする。An object of the present invention is to provide a method for separating a mixture of hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less into respective particle groups, and an apparatus therefor. The subject.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、前記課題
を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、本発明を完成する
に至った。即ち、本発明によれば、比重１以下の親水性
粒子と比重１以下の疎水性粒子とを分離する方法であっ
て、該粒子混合物の水性懸濁液中に気泡を分散させる工
程、水面上に疎水性粒子が付着した気泡層と水面部に親
水性粒子が集積した親水性粒子層を形成させる工程、及
び前記気泡層と前記親水性粒子層とを分離する工程を含
むことを特徴とする親水性粒子と疎水性粒子の分離方法
が提供される。また、本発明によれば、比重１以下の親
水性粒子と比重１以下の疎水性粒子の水性懸濁液に気泡
を分散させて疎水性粒子を該気泡に付着させるための容
器と、該容器内の水面上に形成される気泡層を分離する
ための気泡分離機構と、該容器内の水面部に形成される
親水性粒子層を分離するための親水性粒子分離機構とを
備えてなる親水性粒子と疎水性粒子との分離装置が提供
される。また、本発明によれば、比重１以下の親水性粒
子と比重１以下の疎水性粒子とを分離するための装置で
あって、上面より見た形状が方形の分離槽と、該分離槽
の一端側の下方に連通して設けられていると共にフィー
ド供給口を有する気泡分散槽と、前記分離槽の一端上部
に設けられた気泡排出口と、該気泡排出口に向けて開口
する気泡及び疎水性粒子受槽と、前記分離槽の他端上部
に気泡排出口の高さよりも低く位置する水排出口と、該
水排出口に向けて開口する親水性粒子及び水受槽と、前
記分離槽の他端側の上方に設けられた送風機とを備えて
いることを特徴とする親水性粒子と疎水性粒子との分離
装置が提供される。更にまた、本発明によれば、比重１
以下の親水性粒子と比重１以下の疎水性粒子とを分離す
るための装置であって、上面より見た形状が円形の分離
槽と、該分離槽の周縁部の下方に連通して設けられてい
ると共にフィード供給口を有する環状の気泡分散槽と、
前記分離槽の周端上部に設けられた気泡排出口と、該気
泡排出口に向けて開口する気泡及び疎水性粒子水受槽
と、前記分離槽の中心部に気泡出口の高さよりも低く位
置する水排出口と、該水排出口に向けて開口する親水性
粒子及び水受槽と、前記分離槽の水排出口の上方に設け
られた送風機とを備えていることを特徴とする親水性粒
子と疎水性粒子との分離装置が提供される。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have completed the present invention. That is, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for separating hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, wherein a step of dispersing air bubbles in an aqueous suspension of the particle mixture, Forming a bubble layer with hydrophobic particles adhered thereto and a hydrophilic particle layer in which hydrophilic particles are accumulated on the water surface portion, and separating the bubble layer and the hydrophilic particle layer. A method for separating hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles is provided. Further, according to the present invention, a container for dispersing air bubbles in an aqueous suspension of hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and attaching the hydrophobic particles to the air bubbles, and the container A bubble separation mechanism for separating a bubble layer formed on the water surface in the container, and a hydrophilic particle separation mechanism for separating a hydrophilic particle layer formed on the water surface in the container. There is provided an apparatus for separating hydrophobic particles and hydrophobic particles. Further, according to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for separating hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, wherein a separation tank having a rectangular shape as viewed from above is provided. A bubble dispersing tank provided below the one end side and having a feed supply port, a bubble discharge port provided at one upper end of the separation tank, and a bubble and hydrophobic opening toward the bubble discharge port. And a water discharge port located lower than the height of the bubble discharge port at the upper end of the other end of the separation tank, a hydrophilic particle and a water reception tank opening toward the water discharge port, and the other of the separation tank. An apparatus for separating hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles, comprising a blower provided above the end side. Furthermore, according to the present invention, specific gravity 1
An apparatus for separating the following hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, wherein the apparatus is provided in communication with a separation tank having a circular shape as viewed from above and a lower portion of a peripheral portion of the separation tank. An annular bubble dispersion tank having a feed supply port,
A bubble discharge port provided at an upper part of the peripheral end of the separation tank, a bubble and hydrophobic particle water receiving tank opening toward the bubble discharge port, and a central part of the separation tank which is located lower than a bubble outlet. A water discharge port, hydrophilic particles and a water receiving tank that opens toward the water discharge port, and a hydrophilic particle characterized by comprising a blower provided above the water discharge port of the separation tank. An apparatus for separating with hydrophobic particles is provided.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の分離方法は、比重１以下
の親水性粒子と比重１以下の疎水性粒子とを分離する方
法であって、該粒子混合物の水性懸濁液中に気泡を分散
させる工程、水面上に疎水性粒子が付着した気泡層と水
面部に親水性粒子が集積した親水性粒子層を形成させる
工程、及び前記気泡層と前記親水性粒子層とを分離する
工程とを含むことを特徴とする。本発明の分離方法を図
１を参照して説明する。図１は、本発明の比重１以下の
低比重粒子の分離方法の説明図である。図中、１は分離
槽、２はフィード供給口、３は水排出口、４は気泡排出
口、５は送風機をそれぞれ表わす。分離を必要とする比
重１以下の親水性粒子及び疎水性粒子からなる粒子混合
物の水性懸濁液中に気泡を存在させたフィードをフィー
ド供給口２より分離槽１に供給する。分離槽１内では疎
水性粒子が分散した気泡に付着し、気泡と共に水面に浮
上して、水面上には気泡層（フロス層）Ｆが形成され
る。一方、親水性粒子は浮上して水面部、即ち水面上で
気泡層の下部ないし水面からやや下方の水中に集まり親
水性粒子層Ｗが形成される。水面上に位置する前記疎水
性粒子を付着した気泡層Ｆは、送風機５又は泡搬送具等
によって水流とは反対方向に強制的に搬送され、分離槽
端部に設けられた気泡排出口４から排出される。一方、
水面部に集積する親水性粒子層Ｗは水排出口３より水と
共に排出される。こうして疎水性粒子と親水性粒子は分
離される。前記親水性粒子と疎水性粒子の分離は粒子表
面の水に対する濡れの差を利用するものである。即ち、
疎水性粒子は気泡に吸着しやすく、水中に存在する気泡
に吸着して水面上に浮上する。一方、親水性粒子は気泡
には吸着しにくく、その浮力により水面部に浮上する。
その結果、水面部には親水性粒子層Ｗが形成され、その
親水性粒子層の上方に疎水性粒子が付着した気泡からな
る気泡層Ｆが形成される。本発明は、このようにして形
成された気泡層Ｆと親水性粒子層Ｗとを相互に分離し、
これによって疎水性粒子と親水性粒子とを相互に分離
し、回収するものである。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The separation method of the present invention is a method for separating hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, wherein bubbles are formed in an aqueous suspension of the particle mixture. A step of dispersing, a step of forming a bubble layer having hydrophobic particles adhered on the water surface and a hydrophilic particle layer in which hydrophilic particles are accumulated on the water surface, and a step of separating the bubble layer and the hydrophilic particle layer It is characterized by including. The separation method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the method for separating low specific gravity particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a separation tank, 2 is a feed inlet, 3 is a water outlet, 4 is a bubble outlet, and 5 is a blower. A feed in which bubbles are present in an aqueous suspension of a particle mixture comprising hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and requiring separation is supplied from the feed supply port 2 to the separation tank 1. In the separation tank 1, the hydrophobic particles adhere to the dispersed bubbles, float on the water surface together with the bubbles, and a bubble layer (floss layer) F is formed on the water surface. On the other hand, the hydrophilic particles float and gather in the water surface portion, that is, in the water slightly below the water layer or below the water surface on the water surface to form the hydrophilic particle layer W. The bubble layer F to which the hydrophobic particles are attached on the water surface is forcibly transported in a direction opposite to the water flow by a blower 5 or a bubble transport device or the like, and from a bubble discharge port 4 provided at the end of the separation tank. Is discharged. on the other hand,
The hydrophilic particle layer W accumulated on the water surface is discharged together with water from the water discharge port 3. Thus, the hydrophobic particles and the hydrophilic particles are separated. The separation between the hydrophilic particles and the hydrophobic particles utilizes the difference in the wetting of the particle surfaces with water. That is,
The hydrophobic particles are easily adsorbed by air bubbles, and are adsorbed by air bubbles existing in water and float on the water surface. On the other hand, hydrophilic particles are not easily adsorbed by air bubbles, and float on the water surface due to their buoyancy.
As a result, a hydrophilic particle layer W is formed on the water surface, and a bubble layer F composed of air bubbles with hydrophobic particles attached thereon is formed above the hydrophilic particle layer W. The present invention separates the bubble layer F and the hydrophilic particle layer W thus formed from each other,
Thereby, the hydrophobic particles and the hydrophilic particles are separated from each other and collected.
【０００６】本発明の分離方法において、分離を必要と
する比重１以下の親水性粒子及び疎水性粒子の寸法は、
特に限定はないが、その長軸の長さで、０．０２〜５ｍ
ｍ、好ましくは０．１〜１ｍｍである。また、親水性粒
子と疎水性粒子からなる粒子混合物の水性懸濁液中に気
泡を分散させる方法としては、容器底部に多数の小孔を
有するノズルを配備し該小孔より加圧空気を泡状に放出
させたり、あるいはフィード中に前もって加圧空気をノ
ズルを介して吹き込んで気泡を作っておいてから、フィ
ード供給口より分離を行うための容器中に圧送する方法
等を採用することができる。水性懸濁液中での気泡の大
きさは、一般に小さいほどその分離効率が良好となる。
また水性懸濁液中に分散させる気泡量は、その気体のモ
ル数で、疎水性粒子１ｋｇ当り、１〜２０モル、好まし
くは５〜１０モルである。本発明の場合、その泡の寸法
は、その直径で、０．１〜５ｍｍ、好ましくは０．１〜
１ｍｍである。本発明の分離方法において、前記した気
泡層Ｆと親水性粒子層Ｗを効率よく形成させるために、
適宜起泡剤その他の助剤を添加することができる。本発
明の分離方法において、前記気泡層Ｆを分離するには、
送風機などによる気流によって、あるいは板状体等によ
って、強制的に系外へ搬送移動させる方法が用いられ
る。一方、前記親水性粒子層Ｗを分離するには、分離槽
端部等の一定箇所から溢流させたり、吸引パイプ等を用
いて吸引分離する方法が好ましく用いられる。本発明の
分離方法は、回分式でも流通式でも実施できるが、大量
処理及び連続運転が可能であること等から流通式が特に
有利である。In the separation method of the present invention, the dimensions of the hydrophilic particles and the hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less that require separation are as follows:
Although there is no particular limitation, the length of its major axis is 0.02 to 5 m.
m, preferably 0.1 to 1 mm. As a method for dispersing air bubbles in an aqueous suspension of a particle mixture composed of hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles, a nozzle having a large number of small holes is provided at the bottom of a container, and pressurized air is bubbled through the small holes. It is also possible to adopt a method in which bubbles are created in advance by blowing pressurized air through a nozzle during feeding, or bubbles are formed in the feed, and then pressure-fed into a container for separation from the feed supply port. it can. Generally, the smaller the bubble size in the aqueous suspension, the better the separation efficiency.
The amount of air bubbles dispersed in the aqueous suspension is 1 to 20 mol, preferably 5 to 10 mol, per kg of the hydrophobic particles in terms of the number of moles of the gas. In the case of the present invention, the size of the foam is, by its diameter, 0.1 to 5 mm, preferably 0.1 to 5 mm.
1 mm. In the separation method of the present invention, in order to efficiently form the bubble layer F and the hydrophilic particle layer W,
A foaming agent and other auxiliaries can be appropriately added. In the separation method of the present invention, in order to separate the bubble layer F,
A method of forcibly transporting and moving it out of the system by an airflow from a blower or the like or by a plate-like body is used. On the other hand, in order to separate the hydrophilic particle layer W, it is preferable to use a method in which the hydrophilic particle layer W overflows from a certain location such as an end of a separation tank, or is suction-separated using a suction pipe or the like. The separation method of the present invention can be carried out in a batch system or a flow system, but the flow system is particularly advantageous because of the possibility of mass processing and continuous operation.
【０００７】本発明の分離方法により、幅広い粒度分布
を持つ比重１以下の低比重粒子混合物を１段のプロセス
で相互に分離することができる。According to the separation method of the present invention, a mixture of low specific gravity particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and having a wide particle size distribution can be separated from each other in a single-stage process.
【０００８】次に、本発明の分離装置について詳述す
る。本発明の分離装置は、比重１以下の親水性粒子と比
重１以下の疎水性粒子の水性懸濁液に気泡を分散させて
疎水性粒子を該気泡に付着させるための容器と、該容器
の水面上に形成される気泡層を分離するための気泡分離
機構と、該容器の水面部に形成される親水性粒子層を分
離するための親水性粒子分離機構とを備えてなる分離装
置である。前記容器の形状は、液体を収容できる形状で
あればよく、桝状、円筒状その他いずれでもよい。桝状
の場合は上面より見た形状は長方形や台形が特に好まし
い。前記容器は、通常、その下方部にフィード供給口を
有する。またフィード中に気泡が含まれていない場合は
該供給口の下部に気泡発生装置が設けられる。そしてま
た、分離を必要とする粒子混合物が、比重１以下の親水
性粒子、比重１以下の疎水性粒子及び比重１超の親水性
粒子の三者からなる場合は、容器底部を比重１超の親水
性粒子を捕集するための捕集部に形成する。前記気泡分
離機構は、水面上に形成される気泡層を系外へ分離させ
る機構であればいずれでもよい。通常、容器壁の一部も
しくは全部に気泡排出口を設けておき送風機等による気
流や板状の排出具等により強制的に容器外へ搬送して分
離する機構が用いられる。この場合、気泡が逆戻りしな
いように気泡排出方向に傾斜した邪魔板（バッフル）を
水面に設けておくとよい。また、吸引パイプ等を用い吸
引分離する機構も使用される。前記親水性粒子分離機構
は、水面部に形成される親水性粒子層を系外へ分離させ
る機構であればいずれでもよい。通常、容器壁の一部に
水排出口を設けておき溢流（オーバーフロー）により排
出分離する機構が用いられる。この場合、気泡層が一緒
に排出されないように前記した気泡層の強制的搬送の方
向と反対の方向に水排出口を設けておく必要がある。水
排出口はフィード供給口より最も離れた位置に設けるの
が分離効率上好ましい。また、吸引パイプ等を用い吸引
分離する機構も使用される。本発明の分離装置の実施例
を以下に示す。Next, the separation apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail. The separation device of the present invention is a container for dispersing air bubbles in an aqueous suspension of hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and attaching the hydrophobic particles to the air bubbles, A separation apparatus comprising a bubble separation mechanism for separating a bubble layer formed on a water surface, and a hydrophilic particle separation mechanism for separating a hydrophilic particle layer formed on a water surface of the container. . The shape of the container may be any shape as long as it can accommodate a liquid, and may be any of a square shape, a cylindrical shape, and the like. In the case of a square shape, the shape viewed from the top is preferably a rectangle or a trapezoid. The container usually has a feed supply port at a lower portion thereof. If no bubbles are contained in the feed, a bubble generator is provided below the supply port. In addition, when the particle mixture that requires separation is composed of three particles: hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, and hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of more than 1, the container bottom portion has a specific gravity of more than 1 It is formed in a collecting part for collecting hydrophilic particles. The bubble separation mechanism may be any mechanism that separates a bubble layer formed on the water surface out of the system. Usually, a mechanism is used in which a bubble discharge port is provided in a part or the entirety of the container wall, forcibly transported to the outside of the container and separated by an air current by a blower or the like or a plate-shaped discharge tool. In this case, a baffle (baffle) inclined in the bubble discharging direction may be provided on the water surface so that the bubbles do not return. A mechanism for performing suction separation using a suction pipe or the like is also used. The hydrophilic particle separation mechanism may be any mechanism that separates the hydrophilic particle layer formed on the water surface out of the system. Normally, a mechanism is used in which a water discharge port is provided in a part of the container wall and discharge and separation are performed by overflow. In this case, it is necessary to provide a water discharge port in a direction opposite to the direction of the forcible transport of the bubble layer so that the bubble layer is not discharged together. The water outlet is preferably provided at a position farthest from the feed supply port in terms of separation efficiency. A mechanism for performing suction separation using a suction pipe or the like is also used. Examples of the separation device of the present invention will be described below.
【０００９】実施例１ 本実施例の分離装置について、図２及び図３（イ）を用
いて説明する。図２は、本分離装置の縦断面図、図３
（イ）は本分離装置の上面図である。図中、１１は分離
槽、１２はフィ−ド供給口、１３は水排出口、１４は気
泡排出口、１５は送風機、１６は気泡分散槽、１７は親
水性粒子及び水受槽、１８は気泡及び疎水性粒子受槽、
１９は気泡迷い込み防止邪魔板をそれぞれ表す。比重１
以下の親水性粒子と比重１以下の疎水性粒子とを分離す
るための装置であって、上面より見た形状が長方形の分
離槽１１と、分離槽１１の一端Ａの下方に連通して設け
られていると共にフィード供給口１２を有する気泡分散
槽１６と、分離槽１１の一端Ａ上部に設けられた気泡排
出口１４と、気泡排出口１４に向けて開口する気泡及び
疎水性粒子受槽１８と、分離槽１１の他端Ｂ上部に気泡
排出口１４の高さよりも低く形成された水排出口１３
と、水排出口１３に向けて開口する親水性粒子及び水受
槽１７と、分離槽１１の他端Ｂ側の上方に設けられた送
風機１５とを備えてなる親水性粒子と疎水性粒子との分
離装置である。本分離装置においては、水排出口１３
は、気泡排出口１４よりも低く位置し、気泡排出口より
水が溢流するのを防止する。なお、いずれか一方又は両
方を高さ調節可能の可動式としておくのが好ましい。本
分離装置は、次のようにして使用される。粒子混合物、
水、気泡及び界面活性剤等からなるフィードはフィード
供給口１２より気泡分散槽１６の下方部に連続的に供給
し、水排出口１３から排出させる。そうすると疎水性粒
子は気泡に吸着され分離槽１１水面に浮上し、疎水性粒
子を含む気泡層が形成され、一方、親水性粒子はその比
重が１以下であるため水面に浮上して気泡層の下に集積
し、親水性粒子層を形成する。水排出口１３の上方に設
けられた送風機１５により、分離槽１１の一端Ａに向け
て送風し、気流により前記気泡層を気泡排出口１４より
気泡及び疎水性粒子受槽１８に適宜かき取り装置等を併
用して排出し、一方、前記親水性粒子層は水排出口１３
より水と共にその受槽１７に排出する。受槽１８内の気
泡及び疎水性粒子は、その受槽１８の下部に設けられた
取出口から連続的に又は間欠的に取出し、疎水性粒子を
回収する。一方、受槽１７内の親水性粒子及び水は、そ
の受槽１７の下部に設けられた取出口から連続的又は間
欠的に取出し、親水性粒子を回収する。なお、粒子混合
物が比重１以下の低比重粒子の場合だけでなく、比重１
以上の親水性粒子を共に含んでいる場合には気泡分散槽
１６の下方に捕集部を設けておき、比重１以下の粒子を
浮上させると共に比重１超の親水性粒子を捕集部に沈降
させ分離する。また、分離槽水面には気流の方向に傾斜
した複数の気泡迷い込み防止邪魔板１９を設けておくと
よい。該邪魔板１９は気流の方向に傾斜しているため気
泡が逆方向に流れることがなく、効率よく気泡を気泡排
出口１４より排出することができる。更にまた、分離槽
内の水位を一定に保つには、例えば調整槽を別途設け、
該槽とフィード供給口とをパイプ等によって連結してお
き、調整槽を上下することによって調節するとよい。Embodiment 1 A separation apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the present separation apparatus, and FIG.
(A) is a top view of the present separation apparatus. In the figure, 11 is a separation tank, 12 is a feed inlet, 13 is a water outlet, 14 is a bubble outlet, 15 is a blower, 16 is a bubble dispersion tank, 17 is a hydrophilic particle and water receiving tank, and 18 is a bubble. And a hydrophobic particle receiving tank,
Numeral 19 denotes a bubble baffle prevention baffle. Specific gravity 1
An apparatus for separating the following hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, comprising a separation tank 11 having a rectangular shape as viewed from the upper surface and communicating below one end A of the separation tank 11. A bubble dispersion tank 16 having a feed supply port 12, a bubble discharge port 14 provided above one end A of the separation tank 11, and a bubble and hydrophobic particle receiving tank 18 opening toward the bubble discharge port 14. , A water outlet 13 formed above the other end B of the separation tank 11 so as to be lower than the height of the bubble outlet 14.
A hydrophilic particle and a water receiving tank 17 opening toward the water discharge port 13, and a blower 15 provided above the other end B side of the separation tank 11. It is a separation device. In the present separation apparatus, the water outlet 13
Is located lower than the bubble outlet 14 and prevents water from overflowing from the bubble outlet. In addition, it is preferable that one or both of them is a movable type whose height can be adjusted. The present separation device is used as follows. Particle mixture,
A feed composed of water, bubbles, a surfactant and the like is continuously supplied from a feed supply port 12 to a lower portion of the bubble dispersion tank 16 and discharged from a water discharge port 13. Then, the hydrophobic particles are adsorbed by the bubbles and float on the surface of the separation tank 11 to form a bubble layer containing the hydrophobic particles. On the other hand, since the specific gravity of the hydrophilic particles is 1 or less, the hydrophilic particles float on the surface of the water and form a bubble layer. It accumulates below and forms a hydrophilic particle layer. A blower 15 provided above the water discharge port 13 blows air toward one end A of the separation tank 11, and the air bubble appropriately removes the bubble layer from the bubble discharge port 14 to the bubble and hydrophobic particle receiving tank 18. And the hydrophilic particle layer is provided with a water outlet 13
The water is discharged to the receiving tank 17 together with the water. The bubbles and the hydrophobic particles in the receiving tank 18 are continuously or intermittently taken out from an outlet provided in a lower part of the receiving tank 18 to collect the hydrophobic particles. On the other hand, the hydrophilic particles and water in the receiving tank 17 are continuously or intermittently taken out from an outlet provided in a lower portion of the receiving tank 17 to collect the hydrophilic particles. In addition, not only when the particle mixture is low specific gravity particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, but also
When both of the above hydrophilic particles are contained, a collecting portion is provided below the bubble dispersing tank 16 to float particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and settle hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of more than 1 in the collecting portion. And separate. Further, it is preferable to provide a plurality of bubble baffle prevention baffles 19 inclined in the direction of the air flow on the surface of the separation tank. Since the baffle plate 19 is inclined in the direction of the airflow, the bubbles do not flow in the opposite direction, and the bubbles can be efficiently discharged from the bubble discharge port 14. Furthermore, in order to keep the water level in the separation tank constant, for example, an adjustment tank is separately provided,
The tank and the feed supply port may be connected by a pipe or the like, and the adjustment may be performed by moving the adjustment tank up and down.
【００１０】実施例２ 本実施例の分離装置は、実施例１の分離装置において、
その分離槽の上面よりみた形状が、図３（ロ）に示され
るように、台形状であってかつその短辺側に気泡排出口
が配置される形状であるほかは実施例１と同じである。
図３（ロ）中、２１は分離槽、２３は水排出口、２４は
気泡排出口、２６は気泡分散槽、２７は親水性粒子及び
水受槽、２８は気泡及び疎水性粒子受槽をそれぞれ表
す。本分離装置は、実施例１の分離装置と比べて水排出
口の幅が気泡排出口の幅より長く、水流が水排出口に近
ずくにしたがって減速される。Embodiment 2 The separation apparatus of this embodiment is different from the separation apparatus of Embodiment 1 in that
As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the shape as viewed from the upper surface of the separation tank was the same as that of Example 1 except that it had a trapezoidal shape and a bubble discharge port was arranged on the short side. is there.
In FIG. 3B, 21 denotes a separation tank, 23 denotes a water outlet, 24 denotes a bubble outlet, 26 denotes a bubble dispersion tank, 27 denotes a hydrophilic particle and water receiving tank, and 28 denotes a bubble and hydrophobic particle receiving tank. . In the present separation device, the width of the water discharge port is longer than the width of the bubble discharge port as compared with the separation device of the first embodiment, and the flow rate is reduced as the water flow approaches the water discharge port.
【００１１】実施例３ 本実施例の分離装置は、実施例１の分離装置において、
その分離槽の上面よりみた形状が、図３（ハ）に示され
るように、台形状であってかつその短辺側に水排出口が
配置される形状であるほかは、実施例１と同じである。
図３（ハ）中、３１は分離槽、３３は水排出口、３４は
気泡排出口、３６は気泡分散槽、３７は親水性粒子及び
水受槽、３８は気泡及び疎水性粒子受槽をそれぞれ表
す。本分離装置は、実施例１の分離装置と比べて水排出
口の幅が気泡排出口の幅より短かく、水流が水排出口に
近づくにしたがって加速される。Embodiment 3 The separation apparatus of the present embodiment differs from the separation apparatus of Embodiment 1 in that
As shown in FIG. 3 (c), the shape as viewed from the upper surface of the separation tank is the same as that of Example 1 except that it is trapezoidal and the water discharge port is arranged on the short side. It is.
In FIG. 3C, 31 is a separation tank, 33 is a water discharge port, 34 is a bubble discharge port, 36 is a bubble dispersion tank, 37 is a hydrophilic particle and water receiving tank, and 38 is a bubble and hydrophobic particle receiving tank. . In the present separation apparatus, the width of the water discharge port is shorter than the width of the bubble discharge port as compared with the separation apparatus of Example 1, and the water flow is accelerated as approaching the water discharge port.
【００１２】実施例４ 本実施例の分離装置は図４及び図３（ニ）を用いて説明
する。図４は本分離装置の縦断面図、図３（ニ）は本分
離装置の上面図である。図中、４１は分離槽、４２はフ
ィ−ド供給口、４３は水排出口、４４は気泡排出口、４
５は送風機、４６は気泡分散槽、４７は親水性粒子及び
水受槽、４８は気泡及び疎水性粒子受槽をそれぞれ表
す。比重１以下の親水性粒子と比重１以下の疎水性粒子
とを分離するための装置であって、上面より見た形状が
円形の分離槽４１と、分離槽４１の周縁部の下方に連通
して設けられていると共にフィード供給口４２を有する
環状の気泡分散槽４６と、分離槽４１の周端上部に設け
られた気泡排出口４４と、気泡排出口４４に向けて開口
する気泡及び疎水性粒子受槽４８と、分離槽４１の中心
部に気泡排出口４４の高さよりも低く位置する水排出口
４３と、水排出口４３に向けて開口する親水性粒子及び
水受槽４７と、分離槽４１の水排出口４３の上方に設け
られた送風機４５とを備えてなる親水性粒子と疎水性粒
子との分離装置である。本分離装置においては、筒状の
水排出口４３は気泡排出口４４よりも低く位置し、気泡
排出口より水が溢流するのを防止する。なお、いずれか
一方又は両方を可動式に高さ調節可能としておくのが好
ましい。本分離装置は次のようにして使用される。粒子
混合物、水、気泡及び界面活性剤等からなるフィード
は、その供給口４２より環状の気泡分散槽４６の下方部
に供給し、水排出口１３から排出させる。そうすると疎
水性粒子は気泡に吸着されて円形の分離槽４１の水面に
浮上し、疎水性粒子を含む気泡層が形成され、一方、親
水性粒子は、その比重が１以下であるため水面に浮上し
て気泡層の下に集積し、親水性粒子層を形成する。分離
槽４１の筒状の水排出口４３の上方に設けられた送風機
４５により、分離槽４１の中心部に強い気流を吹きつけ
ることによって周縁部に向けて放射状に送風し、該気流
により気泡層を気泡排出口４４から、必要に応じてかき
取り装置等を用いて気泡及び疎水性粒子受槽４８に排出
し、一方、親水性粒子は、筒状の水排出口４３より水と
共に受槽４７に排出する。受槽１８内の気泡及び疎水性
粒子は、その受槽１８の下部に設けられた取出口から連
続的に又は間欠的に取出し、疎水性粒子を回収する。一
方、受槽１７内の親水性粒子及び水は、その受槽１７の
下部に設けられた取出口から連続的又は間欠的に取出
し、親水性粒子を回収する。本分離装置においては、そ
の分離槽４１は、上面より見た形状が円形であることか
ら、筒状の水排出口４３の上端の周の長さに対する気泡
排出口４４の上端の周の長さの比は実施例１〜３等の上
面より見た形状が方形の分離装置に比べて比較的大とな
る。Embodiment 4 The separation apparatus of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 3 (d). FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the present separation device, and FIG. 3D is a top view of the present separation device. In the figure, 41 is a separation tank, 42 is a feed inlet, 43 is a water outlet, 44 is a bubble outlet, 4
5 is a blower, 46 is a bubble dispersion tank, 47 is a hydrophilic particle and water receiving tank, and 48 is a bubble and hydrophobic particle receiving tank, respectively. An apparatus for separating hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less from hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, wherein the separation tank 41 has a circular shape when viewed from the top, and communicates below a peripheral portion of the separation tank 41. An annular bubble dispersion tank 46 provided with a feed supply port 42, a bubble discharge port 44 provided at an upper part of the peripheral end of the separation tank 41, and bubbles and hydrophobic particles opening toward the bubble discharge port 44. A particle receiving tank 48, a water outlet 43 located at the center of the separation tank 41 below the height of the bubble outlet 44, hydrophilic particles and a water receiving tank 47 opening toward the water outlet 43, and a separation tank 41. And a blower 45 provided above the water discharge port 43 of the first embodiment. In the present separation apparatus, the cylindrical water outlet 43 is positioned lower than the bubble outlet 44, and prevents overflow of water from the bubble outlet. In addition, it is preferable that either one or both can be height-adjustably movable. This separation device is used as follows. A feed composed of the particle mixture, water, bubbles, a surfactant, and the like is supplied from a supply port 42 to a lower portion of the annular bubble dispersion tank 46 and discharged from the water discharge port 13. Then, the hydrophobic particles are adsorbed by the bubbles and float on the water surface of the circular separation tank 41 to form a bubble layer containing the hydrophobic particles. On the other hand, the hydrophilic particles have a specific gravity of 1 or less and float on the water surface. To form a hydrophilic particle layer. A blower 45 provided above the cylindrical water discharge port 43 of the separation tank 41 blows a strong airflow toward the center of the separation tank 41 to radially blow air toward the peripheral portion, and the airflow causes a bubble layer. Is discharged from the bubble discharge port 44 to the bubble and hydrophobic particle receiving tank 48 using a scraping device or the like as necessary, while the hydrophilic particles are discharged to the receiving tank 47 together with water from the cylindrical water discharge port 43. I do. The bubbles and the hydrophobic particles in the receiving tank 18 are continuously or intermittently taken out from an outlet provided in a lower part of the receiving tank 18 to collect the hydrophobic particles. On the other hand, the hydrophilic particles and water in the receiving tank 17 are continuously or intermittently taken out from an outlet provided in a lower portion of the receiving tank 17 to collect the hydrophilic particles. In the present separation apparatus, the separation tank 41 has a circular shape when viewed from the top, so that the length of the circumference of the upper end of the bubble discharge port 44 with respect to the circumference of the upper end of the cylindrical water discharge port 43 Is relatively large as compared with a rectangular separation device as viewed from above in Examples 1 to 3 and the like.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】本発明の分離方法及びそのための分離装
置によれば、従来その分離が困難であった、例えば廃棄
プラスチックなどの比重１以下の親水性粒子及び比重１
以下の疎水性粒子とからなる混合物のそれぞれの粒子群
への分離が、効率的にしかも簡易に行うことができる。
本発明は、殊に廃棄物の処理分野において極めて有用で
ある。According to the separation method of the present invention and the separation apparatus therefor, hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, such as waste plastic, and a specific gravity of 1 have been conventionally difficult to separate.
Separation of a mixture of the following hydrophobic particles into respective particle groups can be performed efficiently and easily.
The invention is very useful, especially in the field of waste treatment.
【図１】低比重粒子の分離方法の説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a method for separating low specific gravity particles.
【図２】本発明の分離装置の実施例１の縦断面図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the separation device of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の分離装置の実施例１〜４の上面図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a top view of Examples 1 to 4 of the separation device of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の分離装置の実施例４の縦断面図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of Embodiment 4 of the separation apparatus of the present invention.
１、１１、２１、３１、４１ 分離槽 ２、１２、４２ フィード供給口 ３、１３、２３、３３、４３ 水排出口 ４、１４、２４、３４、４４ 気泡排出口 ５、１５、４５ 送風機 １６、２６、３６、４６ 気泡分散槽 １７、２７、３７、４７ 親水性粒子及び水受槽 １８、２８、３８、４８ 気泡及び疎水性粒子受槽 １９ 気泡迷い込み防止邪魔板 1, 11, 21, 31, 41 Separation tank 2, 12, 42 Feed supply port 3, 13, 23, 33, 43 Water discharge port 4, 14, 24, 34, 44 Bubble discharge port 5, 15, 45 Blower 16 , 26, 36, 46 Bubble dispersion tank 17, 27, 37, 47 Hydrophilic particle and water receiving tank 18, 28, 38, 48 Bubble and hydrophobic particle receiving tank 19 Bubble stray prevention baffle plate
Claims (4)
疎水性粒子とを分離する方法であって、該粒子混合物の
水性懸濁液中に気泡を分散させる工程、水面上に疎水性
粒子が付着した気泡層と水面部に親水性粒子が集積した
親水性粒子層を形成させる工程、及び前記気泡層と前記
親水性粒子層とを分離する工程を含むことを特徴とする
親水性粒子と疎水性粒子との分離方法。1. A method for separating hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, comprising the steps of: dispersing air bubbles in an aqueous suspension of the particle mixture; A step of forming a bubble layer to which particles are attached and a hydrophilic particle layer in which hydrophilic particles are accumulated on a water surface portion, and a step of separating the bubble layer and the hydrophilic particle layer. Method for separating water and hydrophobic particles.
疎水性粒子の水性懸濁液に気泡を分散させて疎水性粒子
を該気泡に付着させるための容器と、該容器内の水面上
に形成される気泡層を分離するための気泡分離機構と、
該容器内の水面部に形成される親水性粒子層を分離する
ための親水性粒子分離機構とを備えてなる親水性粒子と
疎水性粒子との分離装置。2. A container for dispersing air bubbles in an aqueous suspension of hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, and attaching the hydrophobic particles to the air bubbles, and a water surface in the container. A bubble separation mechanism for separating a bubble layer formed thereon,
An apparatus for separating hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles, comprising: a hydrophilic particle separation mechanism for separating a hydrophilic particle layer formed on a water surface in the container.
疎水性粒子とを分離するための装置であって、上面より
見た形状が方形の分離槽と、該分離槽の一端側の下方に
連通して設けられていると共にフィード供給口を有する
気泡分散槽と、前記分離槽の一端上部に設けられた気泡
排出口と、該気泡排出口に向けて開口する気泡及び疎水
性粒子受槽と、前記分離槽の他端上部に気泡排出口の高
さよりも低く位置する水排出口と、該水排出口に向けて
開口する親水性粒子及び水受槽と、前記分離槽の他端側
の上方に設けられた送風機とを備えていることを特徴と
する親水性粒子と疎水性粒子との分離装置。3. An apparatus for separating hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, comprising: a separation tank having a rectangular shape as viewed from above; A bubble dispersion tank provided below and having a feed supply port, a bubble discharge port provided at one upper end of the separation tank, and a bubble and hydrophobic particle receiving tank opening toward the bubble discharge port. And a water discharge port located lower than the height of the bubble discharge port at the upper end of the other end of the separation tank, a hydrophilic particle and a water receiving tank opening toward the water discharge port, and the other end of the separation tank. An apparatus for separating hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles, comprising an air blower provided above.
疎水性粒子とを分離するための装置であって、上面より
見た形状が円形の分離槽と、該分離槽の周縁部の下方に
連通して設けられていると共にフィード供給口を有する
環状の気泡分散槽と、前記分離槽の周端上部に設けられ
た気泡排出口と、該気泡排出口に向けて開口する気泡及
び疎水性粒子受槽と、前記分離槽の中心部に気泡排出口
の高さよりも低く位置する水排出口と、該水排出口に向
けて開口する親水性粒子及び水受槽と、前記分離槽の水
排出口の上方に設けられた送風機とを備えていることを
特徴とする親水性粒子と疎水性粒子との分離装置。4. An apparatus for separating hydrophilic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less and hydrophobic particles having a specific gravity of 1 or less, comprising: a separation tank having a circular shape as viewed from above; An annular bubble dispersion tank which is provided in communication with the lower side and has a feed supply port, a bubble discharge port provided at an upper part of the peripheral end of the separation tank, and a bubble and hydrophobic opening toward the bubble discharge port. A hydrophilic particle receiving tank, a water outlet positioned lower than the bubble outlet at the center of the separation tank, hydrophilic particles and a water receiving tank opening toward the water outlet, An apparatus for separating hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles, comprising a blower provided above an outlet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10226013A JP3118564B2 (en) | 1998-08-10 | 1998-08-10 | Apparatus for separating hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles of low specific gravity |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10226013A JP3118564B2 (en) | 1998-08-10 | 1998-08-10 | Apparatus for separating hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles of low specific gravity |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000051733A true JP2000051733A (en) | 2000-02-22 |
| JP3118564B2 JP3118564B2 (en) | 2000-12-18 |
Family
ID=16838432
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10226013A Expired - Lifetime JP3118564B2 (en) | 1998-08-10 | 1998-08-10 | Apparatus for separating hydrophilic particles and hydrophobic particles of low specific gravity |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006320882A (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2006-11-30 | Aguro Gijutsu Kk | Selective and wet gravitational sorter |
| JP2011103292A (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2011-05-26 | Japan Organo Co Ltd | Water treatment device and method for fuel cell |
| WO2011114741A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-22 | Panasonic Corporation | Method for disposing a microstructure |
| JP2012030148A (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2012-02-16 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Method for separating coating medium |
| CN109530078A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-29 | 宁波工程学院 | A kind of device using water surface Separation by vibration hydrophobe particle |
-
1998
- 1998-08-10 JP JP10226013A patent/JP3118564B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006320882A (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2006-11-30 | Aguro Gijutsu Kk | Selective and wet gravitational sorter |
| JP2011103292A (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2011-05-26 | Japan Organo Co Ltd | Water treatment device and method for fuel cell |
| WO2011114741A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-22 | Panasonic Corporation | Method for disposing a microstructure |
| JP2012512522A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2012-05-31 | パナソニック株式会社 | Method for arranging fine structures |
| US8419962B2 (en) | 2010-03-19 | 2013-04-16 | Panasonic Corporation | Method for disposing a microstructure |
| JP2012030148A (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2012-02-16 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Method for separating coating medium |
| CN109530078A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-29 | 宁波工程学院 | A kind of device using water surface Separation by vibration hydrophobe particle |
| CN109530078B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-07-28 | 宁波工程学院 | Device for separating hydrophilic and hydrophobic particles by utilizing water surface vibration |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3118564B2 (en) | 2000-12-18 |
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