JP2000036386A - White light emitting electroluminescence element - Google Patents

White light emitting electroluminescence element

Info

Publication number
JP2000036386A
JP2000036386A JP10202147A JP20214798A JP2000036386A JP 2000036386 A JP2000036386 A JP 2000036386A JP 10202147 A JP10202147 A JP 10202147A JP 20214798 A JP20214798 A JP 20214798A JP 2000036386 A JP2000036386 A JP 2000036386A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
layer
light emitting
light
emitting
islands
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP10202147A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masaharu Okudera
正晴 奥寺
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alps Alpine Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Alps Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alps Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Alps Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP10202147A priority Critical patent/JP2000036386A/en
Publication of JP2000036386A publication Critical patent/JP2000036386A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H10K50/125OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps

Landscapes

  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To generate white light emission using a simple structure without using a complicated and special material and a high degree of a manufacturing technique as before. SOLUTION: A layer 13 to make injection and conveyance of a hole is formed on a positive electrode 11, and light emitting islands 14 and 15 consisting of two of the red, green, and blue emitting organic substances are formed on the hole injection and conveying layer 13 in such a way as dispersed is desired positions. A light emission layer 18 to emit white light by these light emitting islands 14 and 15 and an upper ground layer 16 is provided where the upper ground layer 16 to serve also as a layer to male implantation and conveyance of an electron is formed from the residual color emitting substance on the light emitting islands 14 and 15 and hole conveying layer 13. On this layer 16, a negative electrode 17 is formed.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、有機材料のエレク
トロルミネッセンスを利用したエレクトロルミネッセン
ス素子に係わり、複雑な材料や成膜技術を要することな
く、簡便な構造を有する白色面光源を持つ白色表示エレ
クトロルミネッセンス素子に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electroluminescence device utilizing electroluminescence of an organic material, and has a simple structure and a white display light source having a simple structure without requiring complicated materials and film forming techniques. It relates to a luminescence element.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】白色発光有機エレクトロルミネッセンス
素子は、光源として、また表示素子として産業上極めて
有用である。なかでも液晶表示デバイス用バックライト
に適用することは、従来の冷陰極管と導光板の組み合わ
せよりも軽く薄く出来ることから強いニーズがある。従
来、白色発光を得るためにR(レッド)、G(グリー
ン)、B(ブルー)に発光する材料を混合して薄膜化す
る方法、ないしはR(レッド)、G(グリーン)、B
(ブルー)それぞれに発光する層を積層する方法が知ら
れている。たとえば図3に示した白色発光有機エレクト
ロルミネッセンス素子は、発光母剤に発光波長の異なる
ドーパントを混合し薄膜化して、発光層31を形成し、
これらの発光スペクトルを組み合わせて白色スペクトル
を得ることができる。図中、32は基板、33は基板3
2上に形成され、かつ発光層31を上に形成した陽極、
34は発光層31上に形成した陰極、35は陽極33お
よび陰極34に接続した電源である。図3の例ではPV
K(ポリビニルカルバゾール)をホスト材料とし、電子
輸送性を有するPBD(2−(4−ビフェニリル)−5
−(4−ターシャリー−ブチルフェニル)1、3、4−
オキサジアゾール)、青色発光するTPB(1、1、
4、4−テトラフェニル−1、3−ブタジエン)、赤色
発光するDCM((4−ジシアノメチレン)−2−メチ
ル−6−パラジメチルアミノスチリル−4エッチ−ピラ
ン)、
2. Description of the Related Art White light emitting organic electroluminescent devices are extremely useful industrially as light sources and display devices. Above all, there is a strong need for application to a backlight for a liquid crystal display device because it can be made lighter and thinner than a conventional combination of a cold cathode tube and a light guide plate. Conventionally, a method of mixing R (red), G (green), and B (blue) light-emitting materials to obtain white light to form a thin film, or R (red), G (green), B
(Blue) A method of laminating a light emitting layer on each of them is known. For example, the white light-emitting organic electroluminescence device shown in FIG. 3 is formed by mixing a dopant having a different emission wavelength into a light-emitting base material and forming a thin film to form a light-emitting layer 31;
A white spectrum can be obtained by combining these emission spectra. In the figure, 32 is a substrate, 33 is a substrate 3
2 and an anode formed on the light emitting layer 31;
Reference numeral denotes a cathode formed on the light emitting layer 31, and reference numeral 35 denotes a power supply connected to the anode 33 and the cathode. In the example of FIG.
PBD (2- (4-biphenylyl) -5 having electron transporting property using K (polyvinyl carbazole) as a host material
-(4-tert-butylphenyl) 1,3,4-
Oxadiazole), blue-emitting TPB (1, 1,
4,4-tetraphenyl-1,3-butadiene), DCM ((4-dicyanomethylene) -2-methyl-6-paradimethylaminostyryl-4etch-pyran) emitting red light,

【0003】[0003]

【化学式1】 [Chemical formula 1]

【0004】によって示される緑色発光するクマリン
6、
A coumarin 6, which emits green light, represented by

【0005】[0005]

【化学式2】 [Chemical formula 2]

【0006】によって示される赤色発光するナイルレッ
ドの5種の発光材料、電荷輸送性材料をドーパントとし
て分散した構成によって白色発光が得られている。混合
する量によって発光スペクトルが変化することが知られ
ており、白色発光を得るにはTPB3モル%、PBDが
30重量%、クマリン6が0.04モル%、DCMが0.
02モル%、ナイルレッドが0.015モル%が適当と
される。これらの材料は、それぞれの発光波長や電荷注
入輸送性が適切であるばかりでなく、PVKに対して凝
集することなく均一に分散すること、およびPVKの溶
媒であるジクロロエタンなどによく溶解すること、の2
条件を満たすよう選択される。
[0006] White light emission is obtained by a structure in which five kinds of light emitting materials of Nile Red emitting red light and a charge transporting material are dispersed as dopants. It is known that the emission spectrum varies depending on the mixing amount. To obtain white light emission, 3 mol% of TPB, 30 wt% of PBD, 0.04 mol% of coumarin 6 and 0.04 mol% of DCM are obtained.
It is considered that 02 mol% and Nile Red are 0.015 mol%. These materials not only have appropriate emission wavelengths and charge injecting / transporting properties, but also disperse uniformly without agglomeration with PVK, and dissolve well in PVK solvent, such as dichloroethane. 2
It is selected to meet the conditions.

【0007】[0007]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来技術の例にあ
るように、従来白色発光を得るにあたっては、複雑で特
殊な材料と高度な製造技術とを必要としていた。たとえ
ば図3に示した従来技術例では、ホストポリマーに多種
の発光材料、電荷輸送性材料を適量分散させて発光層と
していた。白色スペクトルを得るためには複数の異なっ
た発光波長を有する発光材料が必要であり、高い発光効
率を得るには電荷輸送性材料を適宜ゲスト材料として組
み合わせることが必要である。こうした複雑な材料の組
み合わせにおいては、それぞれの材料がホスト材料にた
いして均一に分散して凝集しないこと、かつ互いに化学
的相互作用がないことが重要である。凝集がおこれば、
濃度消光とよばれる発光効率の著しい低下を招く。また
化学的相互作用がおこれば、材料間でエキシプレックス
を形成して発光効率が下がるとともに発光波長が長波長
側にシフトして狙いの白色スペクトルが得られない。す
なわち、図3に示した従来技術の例である混合法では材
料制約が著しく大きかった。
As described in the above-mentioned prior art example, conventionally, in order to obtain white light emission, complicated and special materials and advanced manufacturing techniques were required. For example, in the prior art example shown in FIG. 3, an appropriate amount of various light emitting materials and charge transporting materials are dispersed in a host polymer to form a light emitting layer. In order to obtain a white spectrum, light emitting materials having a plurality of different emission wavelengths are required, and in order to obtain high luminous efficiency, it is necessary to appropriately combine a charge transporting material as a guest material. In such a complex combination of materials, it is important that the respective materials are not uniformly dispersed and agglomerated with respect to the host material, and that there is no chemical interaction with each other. If aggregation occurs,
This causes a significant decrease in luminous efficiency called concentration quenching. Further, if chemical interaction occurs, exciplexes are formed between the materials to lower the luminous efficiency, and the luminous wavelength shifts to the longer wavelength side, so that a desired white spectrum cannot be obtained. That is, in the mixing method which is an example of the prior art shown in FIG.

【0008】また製造方法の点では、均一な分散のため
に量的な正確さが要求されるのはもちろんであるが、ス
ピンコーティングに代表される湿式の成膜法を使用する
場合、すべての材料は同一の溶媒に対して可溶であるこ
とが必要である。不溶性であれば混合できないことは明
らかであるから、この点も著しい材料制約となるもので
ある。また、こうした材料を蒸着で薄膜化する乾式法を
使用することも考えられるが、この方法では多種の材料
を蒸発量を制御しながら同時蒸着することになり、ため
にその制御が難しい上に広い面積にわたって均一な成膜
をすることは著しく困難であった。このように白色発光
有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子は、従来、白色面光
源が極めて複雑に組み合わされた複数種の有機材料で構
成されており、高性能な白色発光デバイスを容易に提供
するには適切ではなかった。本発明は、このような問題
を解決するものであり、複雑な有機材料や複雑な製法に
よらない白色発光エレクトロルミネッセンス素子を提供
するものである。
[0008] In addition, in terms of the manufacturing method, it is needless to say that quantitative accuracy is required for uniform dispersion. However, when a wet film forming method typified by spin coating is used, all the methods are required. The materials need to be soluble in the same solvent. It is clear that mixing is not possible if it is insoluble, and this point is also a significant material limitation. It is also conceivable to use a dry method of thinning such materials by vapor deposition.However, in this method, various types of materials are simultaneously vapor-deposited while controlling the amount of evaporation, so that the control is difficult and wide. It was extremely difficult to form a uniform film over the area. As described above, the white light-emitting organic electroluminescent element is conventionally formed of a plurality of organic materials in which a white surface light source is extremely complicatedly combined, and is not suitable for easily providing a high-performance white light-emitting device. Was. The present invention solves such a problem, and provides a white light-emitting electroluminescent element that does not use a complicated organic material or a complicated manufacturing method.

【0009】[0009]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に関わる白色発光
エレクトロルミネッセンス素子は、陽極上にホールを注
入輸送する層を形成し、ホール注入輸送層上に赤、緑、
青の各色をそれぞれ発光する有機材料のうち、2色の発
光材料からなる発光島をそれぞれ所望の配置に分散させ
て形成するとともに、これら発光島およびホール輸送層
の上に、残りの1色の発光材料によって、電子を注入輸
送する層を兼ねた上地層を形成してなる、発光島と上地
層とによって白色発光する発光層を設け、さらに上地層
の上に陰極を形成したものである。 かかる構成により、上地層と他の2色の発光島とにより
容易に白色発光することができる。
According to the present invention, there is provided a white light-emitting electroluminescent device according to the present invention, wherein a layer for injecting and transporting holes is formed on an anode, and red, green, and
Of the organic materials that emit blue light, light-emitting islands made of two-color light-emitting materials are formed by dispersing them in desired arrangements, and the remaining one color of light-emitting islands and the hole transport layer are placed on these light-emitting islands and the hole transport layer. A light emitting layer that emits white light is provided by a light emitting island and an upper layer formed by forming an upper layer also serving as a layer for injecting and transporting electrons with a light emitting material, and a cathode is formed on the upper layer. With this configuration, white light can be easily emitted by the upper layer and the light emitting islands of the other two colors.

【0010】上記上地層としては電子輸送性と緑色発光
性を持つ点からアルミニウム錯体であるアルミニウムキ
ノリレートが望ましい。
As the above-mentioned upper layer, aluminum quinolylate, which is an aluminum complex, is desirable from the viewpoint of having an electron transporting property and a green light emitting property.

【0011】また上記上地層が上記の材料からなる場
合、白色発光するためには、上記2色の発光島は、青色
発光性をもつジスチリルビフェニル誘導体と赤色発光性
を持つジシアノメチレン誘導体からなることが望まし
い。
When the upper layer is made of the above-mentioned material, in order to emit white light, the light emitting islands of the two colors are composed of a distyrylbiphenyl derivative having blue light emission and a dicyanomethylene derivative having red light emission. It is desirable.

【0012】[0012]

【発明の実施の形態】図1は、本発明の一実施の形態を
示す。陽極11をなす透明導電膜ITOを成膜した膜付
きガラス基板12をアセトンとイソプロピルアルコール
の混合溶媒中で超音波洗浄し、その後にUV照射しなが
らオゾン洗浄して、ホール注入輸送層13をTPD
(N、N’−ジフェニル−N、N’−3−メチルフェニ
ル)−1、1’−ビフェニル−4、4’−ジアミン)に
よって厚さ400Åに真空蒸着した。さらに青色発光材
料として440nmに発光ピーク波長を有するジスチリ
ルビフェニル誘導体であるDPVBi(1、4−ビス
(2、2−ジフェニルビニル)ビフェニル)を300Å
の厚さに、続いて赤色発光材料として650nmに発光
ピーク波長を有するジシアノメチレン誘導体であるDC
Mを400Åの厚さにそれぞれ所定の位置にマスク蒸着
して、青色発光材から青色発光島14を、また赤色発光
材から赤色発光島15を形成した。さらにこれら発光島
14、15およびホール注入層13の上に、電子注入輸
送材料かつ緑色発光材料であるアルミニウム錯体である
Alq3(トリス(8−ヒドロキシキノリナト)アルミ
ニウム(III))を全面に500Å蒸着して、上地層1
6を形成した。上地層16を形成した陰極17は、Mg
とAgを原子数比10:1になるように共蒸着して厚さ
700Åにし、その上にAgを単独で1000Å成膜し
て保護膜とした。真空蒸着はすべて真空度が5×10-4
Pa以下で行った。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. The film-coated glass substrate 12 on which the transparent conductive film ITO forming the anode 11 is formed is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning in a mixed solvent of acetone and isopropyl alcohol, and then to ozone cleaning while irradiating UV, so that the hole injection transport layer 13 is TPD.
(N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-3-methylphenyl) -1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine) was vacuum deposited to a thickness of 400 °. Further, DPVBi (1,4-bis (2,2-diphenylvinyl) biphenyl), which is a distyrylbiphenyl derivative having a light emission peak wavelength at 440 nm, is used as a blue light-emitting material at 300 °.
Which is a dicyanomethylene derivative having an emission peak wavelength at 650 nm as a red light-emitting material.
M was vapor-deposited at predetermined positions to a thickness of 400 ° to form blue light emitting islands 14 from a blue light emitting material and red light emitting islands 15 from a red light emitting material. Further, Alq3 (tris (8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum (III)), which is an aluminum complex which is an electron injecting / transporting material and a green light emitting material, is vapor-deposited on the entire surface of the light emitting islands 14 and 15 and the hole injection layer 13 by 500 °. Then, upper layer 1
6 was formed. The cathode 17 on which the upper layer 16 was formed was made of Mg
And Ag were co-deposited so that the atomic ratio was 10: 1 to a thickness of 700 Å, and then Ag alone was deposited thereon to a thickness of 1000 Å to form a protective film. All vacuum depositions have a degree of vacuum of 5 × 10 -4
The test was performed at Pa or lower.

【0013】青色発光島14および赤色発光島15と、
緑色上地層16との協働によって白色発光する発光層1
8が構成される。従って青色発光島14、および赤色発
光島15のそれぞれの分散配置数、各島の大きさ、およ
び分散の位置は、緑色上地層16との関係で決まる。図
2は、図1に示した白色発光有機エレクトロルミネッセ
ンス素子の平面図である。図1および図2の例では、青
色発光島14と赤色発光島15の各島の大きさは直径
0.05ないし0.2mmである。青色発光島14と赤
色発光島15の分散配置数は、それぞれ平均300ない
し1000個/cm2である。なお、発光島14、15
は図示例では円形状に形成されているが、発光できるの
であれば角型でもよく、その形状に捕らわれない。
A blue light emitting island 14 and a red light emitting island 15;
Light-emitting layer 1 that emits white light in cooperation with green upper layer 16
8 are configured. Therefore, the number of dispersed arrangements of the blue light emitting islands 14 and the red light emitting islands 15, the size of each island, and the position of dispersion are determined by the relationship with the green upper ground layer 16. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the white light-emitting organic electroluminescence device shown in FIG. 1 and 2, the size of each of the blue light emitting islands 14 and the red light emitting islands 15 is 0.05 to 0.2 mm in diameter. The average number of dispersed blue light emitting islands 14 and red light emitting islands 15 is 300 to 1000 / cm 2 , respectively. The light emitting islands 14, 15
Is formed in a circular shape in the illustrated example, but may be a square shape as long as it can emit light, and is not caught by that shape.

【0014】これら発光島14、15は図2に示すよう
に、横方向に青色発光島14と赤色発光島15とが交互
になるように配置され、かつ縦方向にも青色発光島14
と赤色発光島15とが交互に成るように配置されてい
る。 こうした構造を有する有機薄膜エレクトロルミネッセン
ス素子に、陰極17と陽極11の間で直流電圧10Vを
印可したところ、150cd/m2の輝度で発光した。
発光色は白色であった。
As shown in FIG. 2, the light-emitting islands 14 and 15 are arranged such that the blue light-emitting islands 14 and the red light-emitting islands 15 are alternately arranged in the horizontal direction, and also in the vertical direction.
And the red light emitting islands 15 are arranged alternately. When a DC voltage of 10 V was applied between the cathode 17 and the anode 11 to the organic thin film electroluminescence device having such a structure, light was emitted at a luminance of 150 cd / m 2 .
The emission color was white.

【0015】[0015]

【発明の効果】以上述べたように本発明によれば、有機
エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の特長である低電圧駆
動、高輝度発光という性質を損なうことなく、従来の白
色発光有機ELデバイスに比べてより簡便な構造を有
し、かつ高性能な白色発光有機エレクトロルミネッセン
ス素子とすることができる。
As described above, according to the present invention, the organic EL device is simpler than the conventional white light-emitting organic EL device without deteriorating the characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device such as low-voltage driving and high-luminance light emission. And a high-performance white light-emitting organic electroluminescent element having a simple structure.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明に係る白色発光エレクトロルミネッセン
ス素子の一実施の形態を示す。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a white light emitting electroluminescent device according to the present invention.

【図2】図1に示した白色発光有機エレクトロルミネッ
センス素子の平面図である。
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the white light-emitting organic electroluminescence device shown in FIG.

【図3】従来の白色発光有機エレクトロルミネッセンス
素子を示す断面図である。
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional white light-emitting organic electroluminescent element.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

11 陽極 12 透明基板 13 ホール注入輸送層 14 青色発光島 15 赤色発光島 16 電子注入輸送層・緑色発光部分 17 陰極 18 発光層 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Anode 12 Transparent substrate 13 Hole injection / transport layer 14 Blue light emitting island 15 Red light emitting island 16 Electron injection / transport layer / green light emitting portion 17 Cathode 18 Light emitting layer

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) H05B 33/14 H05B 33/14 B ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H05B 33/14 H05B 33/14 B

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 陽極上にホールを注入輸送する層を形成
し、該ホール注入輸送層上に赤、緑、青の各色をそれぞ
れ発光する有機材料のうち、2色の発光材料からなる発
光島をそれぞれ所望の配置に分散させて形成するととも
に、これら発光島および前記ホール輸送層の上に、前記
残りの1色の発光材料によって、電子を注入輸送する層
を兼ねた上地層を形成してなる、前記発光島と前記上地
層とによって白色発光する発光層を設け、さらに前記上
地層の上に陰極を形成したことを特徴とする白色発光エ
レクトロルミネッセンス素子。
1. A light emitting island comprising a light emitting material of two colors among organic materials which emit red, green and blue, respectively, on a layer for injecting and transporting holes on an anode. Are formed in a desired arrangement, and an upper ground layer, which also serves as a layer for injecting and transporting electrons, is formed on the light emitting islands and the hole transport layer by the remaining one color light emitting material. A white light-emitting electroluminescent element, comprising: a light-emitting layer that emits white light by the light-emitting islands and the upper layer; and a cathode formed on the upper layer.
【請求項2】 前記上地層がアルミニウムキノリレート
からなり、前記2色の発光島の一方がジスチリルビフェ
ニル誘導体からなり、他方の発光島がジシアノメチレン
誘導体からなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の白色発
光エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the upper layer is made of aluminum quinolylate, one of the light emitting islands of the two colors is made of a distyrylbiphenyl derivative, and the other light emitting island is made of a dicyanomethylene derivative. White light emitting electroluminescent element.
JP10202147A 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 White light emitting electroluminescence element Withdrawn JP2000036386A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10202147A JP2000036386A (en) 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 White light emitting electroluminescence element

Publications (1)

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JP2000036386A true JP2000036386A (en) 2000-02-02

Family

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Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2000036386A (en)

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