ITTO980051A1 - INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PISTON. - Google Patents
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PISTON.Info
- Publication number
- ITTO980051A1 ITTO980051A1 ITTO980051A ITTO980051A1 IT TO980051 A1 ITTO980051 A1 IT TO980051A1 IT TO980051 A ITTO980051 A IT TO980051A IT TO980051 A1 ITTO980051 A1 IT TO980051A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- holes
- internal combustion
- head
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/08—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction with expansion obtained by pressure of the medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B61/00—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing
- F02B61/02—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving cycles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Description
DESCRIZIONE dell’invenzione industriale dal titolo: DESCRIPTION of the industrial invention entitled:
"Stantuffo di motore a combustione interna”, "Piston of internal combustion engine",
TESTO DELLA DESCRIZIONE TEXT OF THE DESCRIPTION
La presente invenzione si riferisce agli stantuffi per motori a combustione interna, del tipo comprendente una testa ed un mantello presentante una pluralità di cave circonferenziali alle quali sono associati altrettanti segmenti. The present invention relates to pistons for internal combustion engines, of the type comprising a head and a skirt having a plurality of circumferential slots to which as many segments are associated.
Studi ed esperienze condotti dal Richiedente, particolarmente su motori a due tempi per motociclette da competizione, hanno mostrato che negli stantuffi di tipo tradizionale la scarsa tenuta dei segmenti dello stantuffo produce una diminuzione del rapporto di compressione effettivo a causa dei trafilamenti di gas fra lo stantuffo e il cilindro particolarmente nel corso della fase di compressione. Studies and experiences conducted by the Applicant, particularly on two-stroke engines for racing motorcycles, have shown that in traditional pistons the poor sealing of the piston segments produces a decrease in the effective compression ratio due to gas leaks between the piston. and the cylinder particularly during the compression phase.
Lo scopo della presente invenzione è quello di eliminare o per lo meno ridurre tale inconveniente con mezzi semplici e di basso costo. The object of the present invention is to eliminate or at least reduce this drawback with simple and low-cost means.
In vista di raggiungere tale scopo, l’invenzione ha per oggetto uno stantuffo per motori a combustione interna del tipo indicato all’inizio, caratterizzato dal fatto che detto stantuffo presenta una pluralità di fori assiali ricavati a partire dalla testa dello stantuffo, parallelamente al suo asse, e sfocianti sulla prima cava dello stantuffo che è più adiacente alla testa, detti fori essendo distanziati dalla parete esterna dello stantuffo, ciascun foro sfociando almeno in parte sulla parete di fondo di detta prima cava. In order to achieve this object, the invention relates to a piston for internal combustion engines of the type indicated at the beginning, characterized in that said piston has a plurality of axial holes formed starting from the head of the piston, parallel to its axis, and opening onto the first groove of the piston which is more adjacent to the head, said holes being spaced from the outer wall of the piston, each hole opening at least in part on the bottom wall of said first groove.
Grazie alla suddetta caratteristica, durante la fase di compressione, una parte dei gas compressi giunge, attraverso i suddetti fori assiali, nella camera anulare definita fra la parete di fondo delta prima cava e la superficie interna del segmento ad essa associato. In tal modo, la pressione esistente nella camera di compressione viene trasmessa anche alla suddetta camera così da spingere il segmento radialmente verso l’esterno, contro la parete del cilindro, assicurando una tenuta ottimale contro il trafilamento dei gas. Thanks to the aforesaid characteristic, during the compression phase, a part of the compressed gases reaches, through the aforesaid axial holes, in the annular chamber defined between the bottom wall of the first groove and the internal surface of the segment associated with it. In this way, the pressure existing in the compression chamber is also transmitted to the aforementioned chamber so as to push the segment radially outwards, against the cylinder wall, ensuring an optimal seal against gas leakage.
Il trovato verrà ora descritto con riferimento ai disegni annessi, forniti a puro titolo di esempio non limitativo, in cui: The invention will now be described with reference to the attached drawings, provided purely by way of non-limiting example, in which:
la figura 1 è una vista prospettica di uno stantuffo secondo l'invenzione, e figure 1 is a perspective view of a piston according to the invention, and
la figura 2 è una vista in sezione di un particolare dello stantuffo della figura 1. Figure 2 is a sectional view of a detail of the piston of Figure 1.
Con riferimento ai disegni, il numero 1 indica nel suo insieme uno stantuffo di un motore a due tempi per una motocicletta da competizione. E’ evidente comunque che, sebbene i disegni annessi si riferiscano a tale esempio, l’invenzione è applicabile a motori di qualsiasi tipo, sia a due tempi, sia a quattro tempi. With reference to the drawings, the number 1 indicates as a whole a piston of a two-stroke engine for a racing motorcycle. However, it is clear that, although the attached drawings refer to this example, the invention is applicable to engines of any type, both two-stroke and four-stroke.
Con riferimento alla figura 1 , lo stantuffo 1 presenta una testa 2 ed un mantello 3 nel quale sono ricavate cave 4, 5, 6 destinate a ricevere altrettanti segmenti. La figura 2 illustra in modo schematico un particolare dello stantuffo 1 , una porzione della parete 7 del cilindro in cui lo stantuffo è montato scorrevole, e due segmenti 8, 9 rispettivamente associati alla prima cava 4, più adiacente alla testa 2, e alla seconda cava 5. Secondo la tecnica tradizionale, ciascuna cava è definita da una parete cilindrica di fondo 4a, 5a e da due pareti piane contrapposte e distanziate 4b, 5b. Segmenti 8, 9 sono realizzati secondo la tecnica tradizionale in forma di anelli elastici spaccati, con la loro superfìcie esterna in contatto strisciante sulla parete 7 del cilindro. With reference to Figure 1, the piston 1 has a head 2 and a skirt 3 in which slots 4, 5, 6 are made to receive as many segments. Figure 2 schematically illustrates a detail of the piston 1, a portion of the wall 7 of the cylinder in which the piston is slidably mounted, and two segments 8, 9 respectively associated with the first groove 4, more adjacent to the head 2, and with the second slot 5. According to the traditional technique, each slot is defined by a cylindrical bottom wall 4a, 5a and by two opposite and spaced flat walls 4b, 5b. Segments 8, 9 are made according to the traditional technique in the form of split elastic rings, with their outer surface in sliding contact with the wall 7 of the cylinder.
Secondo l’invenzione, a partire dalla testa 2 dello stantuffo sono ricavati più fori assiali 10 (nell’esempio illustrato una serie circonferenziale di otto fori fra loro angolarmente equidistanziati) che si estendono parallelamente all’asse dello stantuffo 1 e che sfociano nella prima cava 4. According to the invention, starting from the head 2 of the piston several axial holes 10 are obtained (in the example illustrated a circumferential series of eight holes angularly equidistant to each other) which extend parallel to the axis of the piston 1 and which lead into the first groove 4.
Come visibile chiaramente nella figura 2, ciascun foro 10 sfocia almeno in parte sulla parete di fondo 4a della prima cava 4. In tal modo, la camera anulare 11 definita fra la parete di fondo 4a e la parete interna del segmento 8 è costantemente in comunicazione con la camera di compressione del motore. As clearly visible in Figure 2, each hole 10 opens at least in part on the bottom wall 4a of the first groove 4. In this way, the annular chamber 11 defined between the bottom wall 4a and the inner wall of the segment 8 is constantly in communication with the compression chamber of the engine.
Pertanto, durante il funzionamento del motore, in particolare durante la fase di compressione, parte dei gas presenti nella camera di compressione giunge nella camera 4a attraverso i fori 10 trasmettendo pertanto a tale camera la pressione esistente nella camera di compressione. Pertanto, il segmento 8 viene spinto radialmente verso l’esterno dalla stessa pressione esistente nella camera di compressione del motore per effetto della salita dello stantuffo verso il punto morto superiore. Viene così assicurata una perfetta tenuta del segmento 8 contro la parete del cilindro, con mezzi semplici e di basso costo. La tenuta ottimale del segmento 8 contro la parete del cilindro in fase di compressione fa si che parte dell’energia di compressione non vada sprecata per effetto del trafilamento di gas fra il cilindro e lo stantuffo, per cui il rendimento del motore risulta notevolmente aumentato, come studi ed esperienze del richiedente hanno dimostrato. Therefore, during the operation of the engine, in particular during the compression phase, part of the gases present in the compression chamber reaches the chamber 4a through the holes 10, thus transmitting to this chamber the pressure existing in the compression chamber. Therefore, the segment 8 is pushed radially outwards by the same pressure existing in the compression chamber of the engine as a result of the piston rising towards the top dead center. A perfect seal of the segment 8 against the cylinder wall is thus ensured, with simple and low-cost means. The optimal seal of the segment 8 against the cylinder wall in the compression phase means that part of the compression energy is not wasted due to the gas leakage between the cylinder and the piston, so that the efficiency of the engine is considerably increased, as the applicant's studies and experiences have shown.
Naturalmente, fermo restando al principio del trovato, i particolari di costruzione e le forme di realizzazione potranno ampiamente variare rispetto a quanto descritto ed illustrato a puro titolo di esempio, senza per questo uscire dall'ambito della presente invenzione. Naturally, without prejudice to the principle of the invention, the details of construction and the embodiments may widely vary with respect to those described and illustrated purely by way of example, without thereby departing from the scope of the present invention.
In particolare, come già sopra indicato, l’invenzione è applicabile a qualsiasi tipo di stantuffo e a qualsiasi tipo di motore, a due tempi e a quattro tempi. Parimenti, la disposizione e la conformazione dei fori 10 potrebbe anche essere diversa da quella illustrata, fermo restando comunque che tali fori devono essere ricavati in posizioni distanziate dalla parete esterna dello stantuffo e devono sfociare ciascuno almeno in parte sulla parete di fondo della prima cava dello stantuffo. In particular, as already indicated above, the invention is applicable to any type of piston and to any type of two-stroke and four-stroke engine. Likewise, the arrangement and the shape of the holes 10 could also be different from that illustrated, it being understood however that these holes must be obtained in positions spaced apart from the outer wall of the piston and must each end at least partially on the bottom wall of the first groove of the piston. piston.
In un esempio tipico, che si riferisce a un motore a due tempi di 50 cm<3 >di cilindrata, i fori 10 avevano un diametro di 0.6 mm. Nel caso di un motore di 125 cm<3>, i fori hanno ad esempio un diametro di 0.8 mm. In a typical example, which refers to a two-stroke engine of 50 cm <3> of displacement, the holes 10 had a diameter of 0.6 mm. In the case of a 125 cm <3> motor, the holes have for example a diameter of 0.8 mm.
L’invenzione può essere applicata sia a motori a benzina, sia Diesel. La conformazione e la disposizione dei fori 10 può essere qualsiasi e anche diversa da un foro all’altro. I fori possono anche avere sezione non circolare e asse inclinato rispetto all'asse dello stantuffo. The invention can be applied to both petrol and diesel engines. The shape and arrangement of the holes 10 can be any and even different from one hole to another. The holes can also have a non-circular section and an axis inclined with respect to the axis of the plunger.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITTO980051 ITTO980051A1 (en) | 1998-01-21 | 1998-01-21 | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PISTON. |
PCT/FR1999/000097 WO1999037941A1 (en) | 1998-01-21 | 1999-01-20 | Internal combustion engine piston |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITTO980051 ITTO980051A1 (en) | 1998-01-21 | 1998-01-21 | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PISTON. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ITTO980051A1 true ITTO980051A1 (en) | 1999-07-21 |
Family
ID=11416322
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ITTO980051 ITTO980051A1 (en) | 1998-01-21 | 1998-01-21 | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PISTON. |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
IT (1) | ITTO980051A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999037941A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015106163A1 (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2016-10-27 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH | Piston-cylinder arrangement for a piston compressor with a special dynamically sealing piston ring |
US9856821B1 (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2018-01-02 | Etagen, Inc. | Open-faced piston assembly |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2011674A (en) * | 1934-05-25 | 1935-08-20 | Buel H Canady | Piston construction and ring |
US4154207A (en) * | 1977-07-07 | 1979-05-15 | Ford Motor Company | Piston and ring for reducing HC emissions |
JPS55129658A (en) * | 1979-03-29 | 1980-10-07 | Micron:Kk | Piston for compressor |
JPS63308273A (en) * | 1987-06-10 | 1988-12-15 | Topy Ind Ltd | Seal device for piston-cylinder structure |
-
1998
- 1998-01-21 IT ITTO980051 patent/ITTO980051A1/en unknown
-
1999
- 1999-01-20 WO PCT/FR1999/000097 patent/WO1999037941A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1999037941A1 (en) | 1999-07-29 |
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