IT202100015125A1 - Refrigerant circuit for the air conditioning of a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Refrigerant circuit for the air conditioning of a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
IT202100015125A1
IT202100015125A1 IT102021000015125A IT202100015125A IT202100015125A1 IT 202100015125 A1 IT202100015125 A1 IT 202100015125A1 IT 102021000015125 A IT102021000015125 A IT 102021000015125A IT 202100015125 A IT202100015125 A IT 202100015125A IT 202100015125 A1 IT202100015125 A1 IT 202100015125A1
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IT
Italy
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
circuit
auxiliary
refrigerant
branch
Prior art date
Application number
IT102021000015125A
Other languages
Italian (it)
Inventor
Cristiano Massano
Eloi Bondon
Andrea Fuca'
Original Assignee
Denso Thermal Systems Spa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Denso Thermal Systems Spa filed Critical Denso Thermal Systems Spa
Priority to IT102021000015125A priority Critical patent/IT202100015125A1/en
Priority to DE102022205666.3A priority patent/DE102022205666A1/en
Publication of IT202100015125A1 publication Critical patent/IT202100015125A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D1/0426—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with units having particular arrangement relative to the large body of fluid, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent heat exchange units in common air flow or with units extending at an angle to each other or with units arranged around a central element
    • F28D1/0435—Combination of units extending one behind the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
    • B60H1/00021—Air flow details of HVAC devices
    • B60H1/00035—Air flow details of HVAC devices for sending an air stream of uniform temperature into the passenger compartment
    • B60H1/0005—Air flow details of HVAC devices for sending an air stream of uniform temperature into the passenger compartment the air being firstly cooled and subsequently heated or vice versa
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00921—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05391—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/34—Cabin temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0084—Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0085—Evaporators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Description

DESCRIZIONE DELL?INVENZIONE INDUSTRIALE DAL TITOLO: "Circuito refrigerante per la climatizzazione di un autoveicolo" DESCRIPTION OF THE INDUSTRIAL INVENTION ENtitled: "Refrigerant circuit for the air conditioning of a motor vehicle"

DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION

La presente invenzione si riferisce a un circuito refrigerante per la climatizzazione di un autoveicolo, detto circuito essendo configurato per la circolazione di un refrigerante e comprendendo un evaporatore e uno scambiatore di calore interno associati a un?unit? di climatizzazione dell?autoveicolo, The present invention relates to a refrigerant circuit for the air conditioning of a motor vehicle, said circuit being configured for the circulation of a refrigerant and comprising an evaporator and an internal heat exchanger associated with a unit? vehicle air conditioning,

un gruppo di scambiatori di calore esterni configurati per essere installati su un lato frontale dell?autoveicolo, detti scambiatori di calore esterni avendo una superficie per uno scambio termico fra il refrigerante del circuito e un flusso di aria destinato a passare attraverso detta superficie di scambio termico, a group of external heat exchangers configured to be installed on a frontal side of the motor vehicle, said external heat exchangers having a surface for a heat exchange between the circuit refrigerant and an air flow intended to pass through said heat exchange surface ,

uno scambiatore di calore supplementare configurato per uno scambio termico fra il refrigerante del circuito e un fluido destinato alla gestione termica di una batteria dell?autoveicolo, in cui l?evaporatore ? disposto su un primo ramo del circuito e lo scambiatore di calore supplementare ? disposto su un secondo ramo del circuito in parallelo con il primo ramo del circuito. an additional heat exchanger configured for a heat exchange between the refrigerant in the circuit and a fluid intended for thermal management of a vehicle battery, in which the evaporator? arranged on a first branch of the circuit and the additional heat exchanger ? arranged on a second branch of the circuit in parallel with the first branch of the circuit.

Uno scopo della presente invenzione ? quello di modificare il circuito sopra indicato per incrementare le prestazioni di rimozione del calore dalle utenze collegate, ossia la cabina e la batteria del veicolo. An object of the present invention ? that of modifying the circuit indicated above to increase the heat removal performance from the connected utilities, i.e. the cabin and the vehicle battery.

A fronte di tale scopo, forma oggetto dell?invenzione un circuito avente le caratteristiche sopra definite, in cui il gruppo di scambiatori di calore esterni comprende For this purpose, the object of the invention is a circuit having the characteristics defined above, in which the group of external heat exchangers comprises

uno scambiatore di calore principale privo di sezione di sotto-raffreddamento, uno scambiatore di calore ausiliario con funzione di condensazione e sotto-raffreddamento del refrigerante e un bypass ausiliario disposto in parallelo con lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario, e a main heat exchanger without a subcooling section, an auxiliary heat exchanger with the function of condensing and subcooling the refrigerant and an auxiliary bypass arranged in parallel with the auxiliary heat exchanger, and

mezzi valvolari commutabili fra una prima posizione nella quale lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario ? collegato in serie con lo scambiatore di calore principale e il refrigerante ? in grado di passare attraverso lo scambiatore di calore principale e lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario, e una seconda posizione nella quale il bypass ausiliario ? collegato in serie con lo scambiatore di calore principale e il refrigerante ? in grado di passare attraverso lo scambiatore di calore principale e il bypass ausiliario. valve means switchable between a first position in which the auxiliary heat exchanger is connected in series with the main heat exchanger and the refrigerant ? able to pass between the main heat exchanger and the auxiliary heat exchanger, and a second location where the auxiliary bypass is connected in series with the main heat exchanger and the refrigerant ? able to pass through the main heat exchanger and the auxiliary bypass.

Lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario serve pertanto per supportare lo scambiatore di calore principale nel funzionamento in modalit? di raffreddamento, per aumentarne la capacit? di sopperire alle elevate richieste in termini di capacit? di condensazione in condizioni gravose, come ad esempio: Therefore, the auxiliary heat exchanger serves to support the main heat exchanger in operation mode. cooling, to increase its capacity? to meet the high demands in terms of capacity? of condensation in harsh conditions, such as:

- in situazione di carica rapida per la batteria B di alta tensione combinata con il raffreddamento dell?abitacolo; - in a fast charging situation for the high voltage battery B combined with passenger compartment cooling;

- in condizione di impiego stradale intensivo; per un veicolo elettrico. - in conditions of intensive road use; for an electric vehicle.

D?altro canto, la configurazione di valvole permette un funzionamento individuale dello scambiatore di calore principale nelle condizioni di carico ridotto o in altre modalit? di funzionamento del sistema di condizionamento. On the other hand, the valve configuration allows for individual operation of the main heat exchanger under low load conditions or other modes. operation of the air conditioning system.

Ulteriori caratteristiche e vantaggi del circuito secondo l?invenzione diverranno pi? chiari con la seguente descrizione dettagliata di una forma di realizzazione, fatta con riferimento ai disegni allegati, forniti a titolo puramente illustrativo e non limitativo, in cui: Further characteristics and advantages of the circuit according to the invention will become more? clear with the following detailed description of an embodiment, made with reference to the attached drawings, provided for illustrative and non-limiting purposes only, wherein:

- la figura 1 ? uno schema di un circuito refrigerante secondo l?invenzione; e - figure 1 ? a diagram of a refrigerant circuit according to the invention; And

- le figure 2 e 3 sono viste prospettiche da lati opposti di un gruppo di scambiatori di calore esterni del circuito di figura 1. - figures 2 and 3 are perspective views from opposite sides of a group of external heat exchangers of the circuit of figure 1.

In figura 1 ? rappresentato un circuito per la circolazione di un refrigerante, indicato complessivamente con 1. Tale circuito fa parte di un impianto di climatizzazione di un autoveicolo, e in particolare fa parte di un impianto a pompa di calore di un veicolo elettrico. In figure 1 ? shown is a circuit for the circulation of a coolant, indicated as a whole with 1. This circuit forms part of an air conditioning system of a motor vehicle, and in particular it forms part of a heat pump system of an electric vehicle.

Il circuito 1 comprende uno scambiatore di calore interno 2 e un gruppo di scambiatori di calore esterni, indicato complessivamente con 3. Lo scambiatore di calore interno 2 ? configurato per essere installato all?interno di un?unit? di climatizzazione H prevista per il condizionamento dell?aria all?interno dell?abitacolo dell?autoveicolo. Il gruppo di scambiatori di calore esterni 3 ? configurato per essere installato sul lato frontale dell?autoveicolo, e verr? descritto pi? in dettaglio nel seguito. The circuit 1 comprises an internal heat exchanger 2 and a group of external heat exchangers, indicated as a whole with 3. The internal heat exchanger 2 ? configured to be installed? inside a? unit? air conditioning system H provided for air conditioning inside the vehicle passenger compartment. The outdoor heat exchanger group 3 ? configured to be installed on the front side of the vehicle, and will come? described more in detail below.

Il circuito 1 comprende un compressore 10 e, a valle del compressore nella direzione del flusso del refrigerante, lo scambiatore di calore interno 2 e il gruppo di scambiatori di calore esterni 3. A monte del gruppo di scambiatore di calore esterni 3 ? disposta una prima valvola di espansione 4. Ulteriormente a valle, il circuito 1 comprende un primo ramo 12 e un secondo ramo 14 fra loro in parallelo, i quali sono disposti fra il gruppo di scambiatori di calore 3 e il compressore 10. The circuit 1 comprises a compressor 10 and, downstream of the compressor in the direction of the refrigerant flow, the indoor heat exchanger 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger set 3. Upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger set 3 ? a first expansion valve 4 is arranged. Further downstream, the circuit 1 comprises a first branch 12 and a second branch 14 in parallel with each other, which are arranged between the group of heat exchangers 3 and the compressor 10.

Il primo ramo 12 comprende una seconda valvola di espansione 18 e un evaporatore 20. L?evaporatore 20 fa parte dell?unit? di climatizzazione H ed ? configurato per permettere uno scambio termico fra il refrigerante e un flusso di aria destinata a raffreddare l?abitacolo dell?autoveicolo. L?unit? di climatizzazione H pu? comprendere inoltre un ventilatore 21 configurato per generare il flusso d?aria suddetto, un gruppo di portelle 22 configurato per orientare/deflettere il flusso d?aria suddetto secondo percorsi prestabiliti, e un riscaldatore elettrico 23, ad esempio un riscaldatore PTC, configurato per riscaldare il flusso d?aria suddetto. The first branch 12 comprises a second expansion valve 18 and an evaporator 20. The evaporator 20 is part of the unit? of air conditioning H and ? configured to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant and a flow of air intended to cool the passenger compartment of the vehicle. The unit of air conditioning H pu? further comprising a fan 21 configured to generate the aforementioned air flow, a group of doors 22 configured to orient/deflect the aforementioned air flow according to predetermined paths, and an electric heater 23, for example a PTC heater, configured to heat the aforementioned air flow.

Il secondo ramo 14 del circuito 1 comprende una terza valvola di espansione 24 (identica come costruzione alla seconda valvola di espansione 18) e uno scambiatore di calore supplementare 30. Tale scambiatore di calore 30, comunemente noto come ?chiller?, ? configurato per permettere uno scambio termico fra il refrigerante del circuito 1 e un fluido per la gestione termica di una batteria B dell?autoveicolo. Il fluido per la gestione termica della batteria circola in un circuito separato TC dedicato alla gestione termica della batteria B, e rappresentato in maniera estremamente semplificata in figura 1. The second branch 14 of the circuit 1 comprises a third expansion valve 24 (identical in construction to the second expansion valve 18) and an additional heat exchanger 30. This heat exchanger 30, commonly known as a ?chiller?, ? configured to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant of circuit 1 and a fluid for the thermal management of a battery B of the vehicle. The battery thermal management fluid circulates in a separate circuit TC dedicated to the thermal management of battery B, and represented in an extremely simplified way in figure 1.

Se ? richiesto il raffreddamento della batteria B, lo scambio termico fra il refrigerante del circuito 1 e il fluido per la gestione termica della batteria B all?interno del chiller 30 causa l?evaporazione del refrigerante e, di conseguenza, il raffreddamento del fluido per la gestione termica della batteria. Self ? cooling of coil B is required, the heat exchange between the refrigerant of circuit 1 and the fluid for thermal management of coil B inside chiller 30 causes evaporation of the refrigerant and, consequently, cooling of the fluid for management battery thermal.

Il circuito 1 pu? comprendere inoltre un accumulatore 31, disposto a valle di un punto di confluenza fra il primo ramo 12 e il secondo ramo e a monte del compressore 10. Circuit 1 can? further comprise an accumulator 31, arranged downstream of a point of confluence between the first branch 12 and the second branch and upstream of the compressor 10.

Il circuito 1 pu? comprendere inoltre un primo ramo di bypass 41, avente un?estremit? a monte collegata a una tubazione 43 del circuito 1 che collega un ingresso del gruppo di scambiatori di calore esterni 3 e la prima valvola di espansione 4 a un?uscita dello scambiatore di calore interno 2, e un?estremit? a valle collegata a una tubazione 44 che collega un punto di diramazione del primo ramo 12 e del secondo ramo 14 a un?uscita del gruppo di scambiatori di calore esterni 3. Il primo ramo di bypass 41 comprende una valvola a due vie 42, la quale ? comandabile per assumere selettivamente una prima posizione nella quale il primo ramo di bypass 41 ? aperto e il circuito 1 ? configurato per operare in una configurazione di raffreddamento, e una seconda posizione nella quale il primo ramo di bypass 41 ? chiuso e il circuito 1 ? configurato per operare in una configurazione di riscaldamento. Circuit 1 can? further comprise a first bypass branch 41, having one end? upstream connected to a pipe 43 of the circuit 1 which connects an inlet of the group of external heat exchangers 3 and the first expansion valve 4 to an outlet of the internal heat exchanger 2, and an? connected downstream to a pipeline 44 which connects a branch point of the first branch 12 and of the second branch 14 to an outlet of the group of external heat exchangers 3. The first bypass branch 41 comprises a two-way valve 42, the Which ? controllable to selectively assume a first position in which the first bypass branch 41 ? open and the circuit 1 ? configured to operate in a cooling configuration, and a second position in which the first bypass branch 41 is closed and the circuit 1 ? configured to operate in a warm-up configuration.

Sulla tubazione 44, a monte dell?estremit? a valle del primo ramo di bypass 41 pu? inoltre essere disposta una valvola di non ritorno 45. On pipeline 44, upstream from? downstream of the first bypass branch 41 pu? furthermore, a non-return valve 45 is arranged.

Il circuito 1 pu? comprendere inoltre un secondo ramo di bypass 51, avente un?estremit? a monte collegata alla tubazione 44 a monte della relativa valvola di non ritorno 45, e un?estremit? a valle collegata a un ingresso dell?accumulatore 11. Il secondo ramo di bypass 51 comprende una valvola a due vie 52, la quale ? comandabile per assumere selettivamente una prima posizione nella quale il secondo ramo di bypass 51 ? aperto e il refrigerante proveniente dal gruppo di scambiatori di calore esterni 3 viene convogliato al primo ramo 12 e al secondo ramo 14, e una seconda posizione nella quale il secondo ramo di bypass 51 ? chiuso e il refrigerante proveniente dal gruppo di scambiatori di calore esterni 3 viene convogliato nell?accumulatore 31. Circuit 1 can? further comprise a second bypass branch 51, having one end? upstream connected to the pipe 44 upstream of the relative non-return valve 45, and one end? connected downstream to an inlet of the accumulator 11. The second bypass branch 51 comprises a two-way valve 52, which ? controllable to selectively assume a first position in which the second bypass branch 51 ? open and the refrigerant coming from the group of external heat exchangers 3 is conveyed to the first branch 12 and to the second branch 14, and a second position in which the second bypass branch 51 is closed and the refrigerant from the external heat exchanger group 3 is conveyed into the accumulator 31.

Con riferimento anche alle figure 2 e 3, il gruppo di scambiatori di calore esterni 3 comprende uno scambiatore di calore principale o evapo-condensatore 61, e uno scambiatore di calore ausiliario 62 con funzione di condensazione e sotto-raffreddamento. Lo scambiatore di calore principale 61 ? privo di un accumulatore integrato e quindi di una sezione di sotto-raffreddamento. With reference also to figures 2 and 3, the group of external heat exchangers 3 comprises a main heat exchanger or evaporator-condenser 61, and an auxiliary heat exchanger 62 with condensing and sub-cooling functions. The main heat exchanger 61 ? without an integrated accumulator and therefore without a sub-cooling section.

Gli scambiatori di calore principale 61 e ausiliario 62 hanno rispettive superfici 61a e 62a per uno scambio termico fra il refrigerante e un flusso F di aria destinato a passare attraverso gli scambiatori di calore 61, 62. Gli scambiatori di calore 61, 62 sono configurati per permettere la condensazione ed eventualmente il sotto-raffreddamento del refrigerante. Gli scambiatori di calore 61, 62 garantiscono pertanto la dissipazione nell?aria del calore generato dal raffreddamento della batteria B, tramite il chiller 30, e/o dall?unit? di climatizzazione H, tramite l?evaporatore 20. The main 61 and auxiliary 62 heat exchangers have respective surfaces 61a and 62a for heat exchange between the refrigerant and an air flow F intended to pass through the heat exchangers 61, 62. The heat exchangers 61, 62 are configured to allow condensation and possibly sub-cooling of the refrigerant. The heat exchangers 61, 62 therefore guarantee the dissipation in the air of the heat generated by the cooling of the coil B, through the chiller 30, and/or by the unit? air conditioning system H, via the evaporator 20.

A titolo di esempio, le aree di scambio termico 61a, 62a comprendono tubi per la circolazione del refrigerante, i quali sono collegati a collettori degli scambiatori di calore 61 e 62. Alettature sono preferibilmente disposte fra tali tubi per aumentare la superficie dell?area di scambio termico. By way of example, the heat exchange areas 61a, 62a comprise pipes for circulating the coolant, which are connected to headers of the heat exchangers 61 and 62. Fins are preferably disposed between such pipes to increase the surface area of the heat exchanger. heat exchange.

Nell?esempio illustrato, gli scambiatori di calore principale 61 e ausiliario 62 sono disposti in relazione di sovrapposizione rispetto alla direzione del flusso d?aria F, cio? una direzione ortogonale alle aree di scambio termico 61a, 62a. In particolare, gli scambiatori di calore principale 61 e ausiliario 62 sono fissati in un medesimo blocco, con l?interposizione di un ulteriore scambiatore di calore 66 che serve per raffreddare il motore elettrico, gli ausiliari elettrici ed eventualmente la batteria e tutti i dispositivi ad alta tensione. Tale disposizione non ? tuttavia essenziale ai fini dell?invenzione. In the illustrated example, the main 61 and auxiliary 62 heat exchangers are arranged in an overlapping relationship with respect to the air flow direction F, i.e. a direction orthogonal to the heat exchange areas 61a, 62a. In particular, the main 61 and auxiliary 62 heat exchangers are fixed in the same block, with the interposition of a further heat exchanger 66 which serves to cool the electric motor, the electric auxiliaries and possibly the battery and all the devices high voltage. Isn't this provision however essential for the purposes of the invention.

Il gruppo di scambiatori di calore 3 comprende inoltre un bypass ausiliario 63 disposto in parallelo con lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario 62. Il gruppo di scambiatori di calore 3 comprende inoltre una disposizione valvolare commutabile fra una prima posizione, nella quale lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario 62 ? collegato in serie con lo scambiatore di calore principale 61 e il refrigerante ? in grado di passare attraverso lo scambiatore di calore principale 61 e lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario 62, senza passare pertanto attraverso il bypass ausiliario 63, e una seconda posizione nella quale il bypass ausiliario 63 ? collegato in serie con lo scambiatore di calore principale 61 e il refrigerante ? in grado di passare attraverso lo scambiatore di calore principale 61 e il bypass ausiliario 63, senza passare pertanto attraverso lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario 62. The heat exchanger set 3 further comprises an auxiliary bypass 63 arranged in parallel with the auxiliary heat exchanger 62. The heat exchanger set 3 further comprises a valve arrangement switchable between a first position, in which the auxiliary heat exchanger 62 ? connected in series with the main heat exchanger 61 and the refrigerant ? capable of passing through the main heat exchanger 61 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 62, therefore without passing through the auxiliary bypass 63, and a second position in which the auxiliary bypass 63 is connected in series with the main heat exchanger 61 and the refrigerant ? capable of passing through the main heat exchanger 61 and the auxiliary bypass 63, therefore without passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger 62.

Con riferimento alle figure, lo scambiatore di calore principale 61 comprende un ingresso 61.1 collegato, attraverso la prima valvola di espansione 4, allo scambiatore di calore interno 2, e un?uscita 61.2 alla quale sono collegati lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario 62 e il bypass ausiliario 63. Lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario comprende un ingresso 62.1 collegato all?uscita 61.2 dello scambiatore di calore principale 61, e un?uscita 62.2 collegata alla tubazione 44 che porta al primo ramo 12 e al secondo ramo 14. Nell?esempio illustrato, la disposizione valvolare comprende due valvole a due vie indicate con 64 e 65, una disposta in serie con lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario 62 e l?altra disposta sul bypass ausiliario 63. Tali valvole possono essere controllate simultaneamente (ad es., con lo stesso segnale elettrico di controllo) per selettivamente abilitare o disabilitare lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario 62. With reference to the figures, the main heat exchanger 61 comprises an inlet 61.1 connected, through the first expansion valve 4, to the internal heat exchanger 2, and an outlet 61.2 to which the auxiliary heat exchanger 62 and the bypass are connected auxiliary 63. The auxiliary heat exchanger comprises an inlet 62.1 connected to the outlet 61.2 of the main heat exchanger 61, and an outlet 62.2 connected to the pipe 44 which leads to the first branch 12 and to the second branch 14. In the illustrated example, The valving arrangement comprises two two-way valves indicated at 64 and 65, one disposed in series with the auxiliary heat exchanger 62 and the other disposed on the auxiliary bypass 63. Such valves may be controlled simultaneously (e.g., with the same signal electric control) to selectively enable or disable the auxiliary heat exchanger 62.

Lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario 62 serve pertanto per supportare lo scambiatore di calore principale 61 nel funzionamento in modalit? di raffreddamento, per aumentarne la capacit? di sopperire alle elevate richieste in termini di capacit? di condensazione in condizioni gravose, come ad esempio: The auxiliary heat exchanger 62 therefore serves to support the main heat exchanger 61 in operation in the mode cooling, to increase its capacity? to meet the high demands in terms of capacity? of condensation in harsh conditions, such as:

- in situazione di carica rapida per la batteria B di alta tensione combinata con il raffreddamento dell?abitacolo; - in a fast charging situation for the high voltage battery B combined with passenger compartment cooling;

- in condizione di impiego stradale intensivo; per un veicolo elettrico. - in conditions of intensive road use; for an electric vehicle.

D?altro canto, la configurazione di valvole 63, 64 permette un funzionamento individuale dello scambiatore di calore principale 61 nelle condizioni di carico ridotto o in altre modalit? di funzionamento del sistema di condizionamento. On the other hand, the configuration of valves 63, 64 allows for individual operation of the main heat exchanger 61 under the conditions of reduced load or in other modes. operation of the air conditioning system.

Si intende che l?invenzione non ? limitata alle forme di realizzazione qui descritte ed illustrate, ma ? invece suscettibile di modifiche relative a forma e disposizioni di parti, dettagli costruttivi e di funzionamento, secondo le numerose possibili varianti che appariranno opportune ai tecnici del settore, e che sono da intendersi comprese nell?ambito del trovato, cos? come definito dalle seguenti rivendicazioni. It is understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and illustrated herein, but ? on the other hand, it is susceptible to modifications relating to the shape and arrangement of parts, constructive and operating details, according to the numerous possible variations which will appear appropriate to those skilled in the sector, and which are to be understood as included within the scope of the invention, as as defined by the following claims.

Claims (2)

RIVENDICAZIONI 1. Circuito refrigerante (1) per la climatizzazione di un autoveicolo, detto circuito essendo configurato per la circolazione di un refrigerante e comprendendo1. Refrigerant circuit (1) for the air conditioning of a motor vehicle, said circuit being configured for the circulation of a refrigerant and comprising un evaporatore (20) e uno scambiatore di calore interno (2) associati a un?unit? di climatizzazione (H) dell?autoveicolo,an evaporator (20) and an internal heat exchanger (2) associated with a unit? of air conditioning (H) of the vehicle, un gruppo di scambiatori di calore esterni (61, 62) configurati per essere installati su un lato frontale dell?autoveicolo, detti scambiatori di calore esterni avendo una superficie (61a, 62a) per uno scambio termico fra il refrigerante del circuito (1) e un flusso di aria (F) destinato a passare attraverso detta superficie di scambio termico,a group of external heat exchangers (61, 62) configured to be installed on a front side of the motor vehicle, said external heat exchangers having a surface (61a, 62a) for a heat exchange between the circuit refrigerant (1) and a flow of air (F) intended to pass through said heat exchange surface, uno scambiatore di calore supplementare (30) configurato per uno scambio termico fra il refrigerante del circuito (1) e un fluido destinato alla gestione termica di una batteria (B) dell?autoveicolo,an additional heat exchanger (30) configured for a heat exchange between the circuit refrigerant (1) and a fluid intended for thermal management of a vehicle battery (B), in cui l?evaporatore (20) ? disposto su un primo ramo (12) del circuito (1) e lo scambiatore di calore supplementare (30) ? disposto su un secondo ramo (14) del circuito (1) in parallelo con il primo ramo (12) del circuito (1), in which the evaporator (20) ? arranged on a first branch (12) of the circuit (1) and the supplementary heat exchanger (30) ? arranged on a second branch (14) of the circuit (1) in parallel with the first branch (12) of the circuit (1), detto circuito refrigerante essendo caratterizzato dal fatto che il gruppo di scambiatori di calore esterni comprendesaid cooling circuit being characterized in that the group of external heat exchangers comprises uno scambiatore di calore principale (61) privo di una sezione di sotto-raffreddamento, uno scambiatore di calore ausiliario (62) con funzione di condensazione e sotto-raffreddamento del refrigerante e un bypass ausiliario (63) disposto in parallelo con lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario (62), ea main heat exchanger (61) without a subcooling section, an auxiliary heat exchanger (62) with the function of condensing and subcooling the refrigerant, and an auxiliary bypass (63) arranged in parallel with the heat exchanger auxiliary (62), e mezzi valvolari (64, 65) commutabili fra una prima posizione nella quale lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario (62) ? collegato in serie con lo scambiatore di calore principale (61) e il refrigerante ? in grado di passare attraverso lo scambiatore di calore principale (61) e lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario (62), e una seconda posizione nella quale il bypass ausiliario (63) ? collegato in serie con lo scambiatore di calore principale (61) e il refrigerante ? in grado di passare attraverso lo scambiatore di calore principale (61) e il bypass ausiliario (63).valve means (64, 65) switchable between a first position in which the auxiliary heat exchanger (62) is connected in series with the main heat exchanger (61) and the refrigerant ? capable of passing through the main heat exchanger (61) and the auxiliary heat exchanger (62), and a second location where the auxiliary bypass (63) is connected in series with the main heat exchanger (61) and the refrigerant ? capable of passing through the main heat exchanger (61) and the auxiliary bypass (63). 2. Circuito secondo la rivendicazione 1, in cui lo scambiatore di calore principale (61) e lo scambiatore di calore ausiliario (62) sono disposti in una relazione di sovrapposizione rispetto a una direzione ortogonale alle rispettive superfici di scambio termico (61a, 62a). The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the main heat exchanger (61) and the auxiliary heat exchanger (62) are arranged in an overlapping relationship with respect to a direction perpendicular to the respective heat exchange surfaces (61a, 62a) .
IT102021000015125A 2021-06-10 2021-06-10 Refrigerant circuit for the air conditioning of a motor vehicle IT202100015125A1 (en)

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DE102022205666.3A DE102022205666A1 (en) 2021-06-10 2022-06-02 COOLING CIRCUIT FOR THE AIR CONDITIONING OF A MOTOR VEHICLE

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FR3086334A1 (en) * 2018-09-26 2020-03-27 Valeo Systemes Thermiques VEHICLE REFRIGERANT FLUID CIRCUIT
JP2020097362A (en) * 2018-12-19 2020-06-25 サンデン・オートモーティブクライメイトシステム株式会社 Vehicle air conditioning device
JP2020147115A (en) * 2019-03-12 2020-09-17 サンデン・オートモーティブクライメイトシステム株式会社 Vehicular air-conditioning device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180222289A1 (en) * 2015-08-03 2018-08-09 Denso Corporation Refrigeration cycle device
WO2018159142A1 (en) * 2017-02-28 2018-09-07 サンデン・オートモーティブクライメイトシステム株式会社 Vehicle air-conditioning apparatus
FR3086334A1 (en) * 2018-09-26 2020-03-27 Valeo Systemes Thermiques VEHICLE REFRIGERANT FLUID CIRCUIT
JP2020097362A (en) * 2018-12-19 2020-06-25 サンデン・オートモーティブクライメイトシステム株式会社 Vehicle air conditioning device
JP2020147115A (en) * 2019-03-12 2020-09-17 サンデン・オートモーティブクライメイトシステム株式会社 Vehicular air-conditioning device

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