IT201900004681U1 - REACTOR FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF SOLID MUNICIPAL WASTE AND PLASTIC MATERIALS CALLED "GREEN EFFEPI REACTOR" - Google Patents
REACTOR FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF SOLID MUNICIPAL WASTE AND PLASTIC MATERIALS CALLED "GREEN EFFEPI REACTOR" Download PDFInfo
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- IT201900004681U1 IT201900004681U1 IT202019000004681U IT201900004681U IT201900004681U1 IT 201900004681 U1 IT201900004681 U1 IT 201900004681U1 IT 202019000004681 U IT202019000004681 U IT 202019000004681U IT 201900004681 U IT201900004681 U IT 201900004681U IT 201900004681 U1 IT201900004681 U1 IT 201900004681U1
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- reactor
- waste
- green
- effepi
- transformation
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Description
RELAZIONE REATTORE GREEN EFFEPI GREEN EFFEPI REACTOR REPORT
? Descrizione ed impatto ambientale ? Description and environmental impact
Apparecchiatura che utilizza un reattore per la trasformazione delle plastiche e dei rifiuti solidi urbani indifferenziati (dopo separazione da vetro, ferro, materiali inerti, umido e verde) in energia. Utilizzando tale apparecchiatura potranno essere trasformati in energia anche i rifiuti organici ospedalieri non pericolosi ed altro materiale con umidita' non superiore al 5% come ad esempio tutti i rifiuti da attivit? sanitarie che non presentano rischio infettivo e/o radioattivo. Equipment that uses a reactor for the transformation of plastics and unsorted municipal solid waste (after separation from glass, iron, inert materials, wet and green) into energy. Using this equipment, non-hazardous hospital organic waste and other material with humidity not exceeding 5% can also be transformed into energy, such as, for example, all waste from activities. that do not present an infectious and / or radioactive risk.
Il processo di trasformazione viene realizzato senza l?uso della combustione e della pirolisi, evitando cos? la generazione di esalazioni tossiche, dannose per l?ambiente e la persona, con un notevole miglioramento per la salubrit? dell?aria, dell?acqua e dell?ambiente. The transformation process is carried out without the use of combustion and pyrolysis, thus avoiding? the generation of toxic fumes, harmful to the environment and the person, with a significant improvement in health? air, water and the environment.
? Funzionamento ? Operation
Il funzionamento del reattore si basa sul principio fisico/chimico della disgregazione molecolare. I rifiuti vengono inseriti in una camera di contenimento (1) con chiusura ermetica (2) dotata di pirostato, di manometro, di valvola di sicurezza e di un doppio termostato automatico di interruzione dell?alimentazione elettrica, camera che viene scaldata per convezione ovvero per trasmissione di calore da una sorgente attraverso una parete di separazione al rifiuto da trattare, sino a raggiungere la temperatura e la pressione ottimali per la gestione del processo, in assenza/carenza di ossigeno. In queste condizioni, qualsiasi materiale organico si dissocia dal rifiuto, con la conseguenza che si scompone in quattro gas principali: monossido di carbonio CO, anidride carbonica CO2, idrogeno H2 e metano CH4.I gas cos? ottenuti mediante l?utilizzo del reattore principale vengono, quindi, filtrati da un prefiltro (3) o una serie di prefiltri, idonei all'uso, cos? da effettuare una prima pulizia del prodotto da polveri e/o particelle metalliche che potrebbero essere trascinate sul percorso. The operation of the reactor is based on the physical / chemical principle of molecular disintegration. The waste is placed in a containment chamber (1) with hermetic closure (2) equipped with a pyrostat, a pressure gauge, a safety valve and a double automatic thermostat for interrupting the electricity supply, a chamber that is heated by convection or by transmission of heat from a source through a separation wall to the waste to be treated, until reaching the optimum temperature and pressure for managing the process, in the absence / lack of oxygen. Under these conditions, any organic material dissociates from the waste, with the consequence that it breaks down into four main gases: carbon monoxide CO, carbon dioxide CO2, hydrogen H2 and methane CH4. obtained by using the main reactor, they are then filtered by a prefilter (3) or a series of prefilters, suitable for use. to carry out a first cleaning of the product from dust and / or metal particles that could be dragged along the path.
I prodotti filtrati vengono quindi indirizzati in una apposita camera secondaria di separazione (4) dalla quale fuoriescono trasformati in: The filtered products are then directed into a special secondary separation chamber (4) from which they come out transformed into:
a- gas di sintesi (Syngas simile al metano); a- synthesis gas (Syngas similar to methane);
b- liquido di colore ambrato, simile ad un olio combustibile; b- liquid of amber color, similar to a fuel oil;
c- carbonio inerte, quale materiale di scarto. c- inert carbon, as a waste material.
Si sottolinea che in base ai rifiuti immessi possono variare solo le calorie del gas di sintesi e del liquido combustibile. It is emphasized that on the basis of the waste introduced, only the calories of the synthesis gas and the combustible liquid can vary.
L?apparecchio non necessita n? di camino n? di un sistema di espulsione dei gas combusti, data la totale assenza di emissioni, e riduce il rifiuto organico trattato ad uno scarto di circa il 5% (principalmente carbonio inerte con tracce di alluminio, ulteriormente riutilizzabile). The appliance does not need n? of chimney n? of a system for the expulsion of combustion gases, given the total absence of emissions, and reduces the organic waste treated to a waste of about 5% (mainly inert carbon with traces of aluminum, which can be further reused).
L?apparecchio prototipo utilizzato ? in grado di processare rifiuti solidi urbani del peso di circa 8 Kg, dal quale vengono generati circa 7-8 mc di gas di sintesi nonch? 3-3,2 l. di liquido combustibile. The prototype device used? able to process municipal solid waste weighing about 8 kg, from which about 7-8 cubic meters of synthesis gas are generated as well as? 3-3.2 l. of combustible liquid.
? I derivati della trasformazione: ? The derivatives of the transformation:
a- Gas di sintesi o Syngas a- Synthesis gas or Syngas
Il gas di sintesi viene ottenuto, una volta avviato il processo, solo dopo aver raggiunto pressione e temperatura ottimali. The synthesis gas is obtained, once the process has started, only after reaching the optimum pressure and temperature.
In questa fase i gas che fuoriescono dalla testa della camera secondaria (4) potranno essere scaricati mediante una valvola di uscita e convogliati in un serbatoio di stoccaggio od utilizzati all?istante. Il gas di sintesi cos? ottenuto potr? essere riutilizzato per la produzione di energia. In this phase, the gases that come out from the head of the secondary chamber (4) can be discharged by means of an outlet valve and conveyed to a storage tank or used instantly. The synthesis gas cos? got potr? be reused for energy production.
b- Liquido di colore ambrato b- Amber colored liquid
Al termine di tutto il processo, dopo aver scaricato tutto il gas, sar? possibile scaricare il liquido di colore ambrato, simile all?olio combustibile, con massa volumica 784 Kg/m<3>, viscosit? a 30? di circa 1,75 mm<2>/s, punto di infiammabilit? < 40 <o >C, potere calorifico superiore circa 11000 kCal /Kg, potere calorifico inferiore circa 10300 kCal /Kg (dati ottenuti su un campione esaminato da Stazione Sperimentale Combustibili di S.Donato Milanese (MI) rapporto di prova n. S-SSC-1601028. Analisi effettuate su prova con polipropilene kg 8). At the end of the whole process, after having discharged all the gas, it will be? It is possible to discharge the amber-colored liquid, similar to fuel oil, with a density of 784 Kg / m <3>, viscosity? at 30? of about 1.75 mm <2> / s, flash point? <40 <or> C, higher calorific value about 11000 kCal / Kg, lower calorific value about 10300 kCal / Kg (data obtained on a sample examined by the Experimental Fuel Station of S. Donato Milanese (MI) test report no. S- SSC-1601028. Analysis carried out on test with polypropylene kg 8).
Questo liquido pu? essere utilizzato per generare energia elettrica in un impianto apposito. This liquid can? be used to generate electricity in a dedicated plant.
c- Il Carbonio c- Carbon
Alla fine del processo rimarr? nel reattore, quale prodotto di scarto, solamente il residuo in gran parte carbonioso. At the end of the process will remain? in the reactor, as waste product, only the largely carbonaceous residue.
? Scopi ed impatto ambientale ? Aims and environmental impact
L?apparecchio ? stato concepito e realizzato al fine di ridurre l?immissione nelle discariche di RSU e contribuire a liberare l?ambiente dalla presenza sempre pi? massiccia dei materiali plastici. The appliance? was conceived and built in order to reduce the entry into landfills of MSW and help free the environment from the presence more and more? massive plastic materials.
A tale scopo, l?energia termica necessaria al funzionamento pu? essere facilmente ricavata da qualsiasi fonte anche elettrica grazie ad impianti fotovoltaici, eolici o dall?uso del combustibile liquido ricavato, in un semplice impianto di autoproduzione di energia elettrica (cogenerazione). For this purpose, the thermal energy necessary for operation can? be easily obtained from any source, including electricity, thanks to photovoltaic or wind power plants or from the use of the liquid fuel obtained, in a simple system for self-production of electricity (cogeneration).
Inoltre, il gas di sintesi gi? stoccato pu? essere utilizzato per la produzione di energia elettrica da rivendere successivamente alla rete di distribuzione oppure riutilizzato sul posto per teleriscaldamento od altre applicazioni. Furthermore, the synthesis gas already? stored can? be used for the production of electricity to be resold later to the distribution network or reused on site for district heating or other applications.
Il materiale di scarto, invece, essendo costituto principalmente da carbonio e da residui di alluminio, pu? essere recuperato mediante processi di termovalorizzazione od immesso in altri processi di riciclo, tal quale o dopo ulteriori trattamenti. The waste material, on the other hand, being made up mainly of carbon and aluminum residues, can? be recovered through waste-to-energy processes or put into other recycling processes, as it is or after further treatments.
? Esempi di utilizzo ? Examples of use
Nell?ottica della messa a punto di un processo ecologico quale quello proposto che considera la sua sostenibilit? ambientale e l?uso razionale delle risorse disponibili, ci attendiamo che i materiali e l?energia utilizzati dal processo vengano in qualche modo restituiti all?ambiente ed alla comunit?, considerando anche gli aspetti di economicit? e quelli sociali e di crescita bilanciata. In view of the development of an ecological process such as the one proposed which considers its sustainability? environment and the rational use of available resources, we expect that the materials and energy used by the process are somehow returned to the environment and the community, also considering the economic aspects. and social and balanced growth ones.
In questa direzione l?apparecchiatura si pu? definire a ciclo chiuso poich? anche il materiale finale di scarto, opportunamente trattato, potr? essere riutilizzato e nuovamente valorizzato. Ma non solo: l?energia prodotta dalla trasformazione delle plastiche potr? essere restituita all?ambiente per esempio nei processi di dissalazione dell?acqua di mare, nel riscaldamento residenziale, nei processi industriali, nei trasporti oppure nell?agricoltura per favorire la silvicoltura anche al fine di riparare i danni causati dal CO2 prodotto dai gruppi elettrogeni della cogenerazione, trasformando l?energia contenuta nella plastica in energia elettrica. In this direction the equipment can? define a closed loop since? also the final waste material, properly treated, can? be reused and re-valued. But not only that: the energy produced by the transformation of plastics can? be returned to the environment for example in seawater desalination processes, residential heating, industrial processes, transport or agriculture to promote forestry also in order to repair the damage caused by the CO2 produced by the generators of the cogeneration, transforming the energy contained in the plastic into electricity.
Non da ultimo, grazie alla trasportabilit? e semplicit? di gestione dell'impianto, ? ipotizzabile l'uso per la bonifica di grandi aree contaminate da rifiuti plastici conseguendo dallo smaltimento di detti rifiuti ingenti risorse per la collettivit?, sia ai fini economici che ambientali. Last but not least, thanks to the transportability? and simplicity? of plant management,? it is conceivable to use it for the reclamation of large areas contaminated by plastic waste, resulting from the disposal of such waste huge resources for the community, both for economic and environmental purposes.
Claims (6)
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IT202019000004681U IT201900004681U1 (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | REACTOR FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF SOLID MUNICIPAL WASTE AND PLASTIC MATERIALS CALLED "GREEN EFFEPI REACTOR" |
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IT202019000004681U IT201900004681U1 (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | REACTOR FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF SOLID MUNICIPAL WASTE AND PLASTIC MATERIALS CALLED "GREEN EFFEPI REACTOR" |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2023187650A1 (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-10-05 | Pierluigi Frenna | Vapor fractionating column system and vapor fractioning process |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2023187650A1 (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-10-05 | Pierluigi Frenna | Vapor fractionating column system and vapor fractioning process |
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