IL43203A - A hollow fibre possessing a continuous longitudinally extending channel free from macro-molecular material and processes for preparing the same - Google Patents
A hollow fibre possessing a continuous longitudinally extending channel free from macro-molecular material and processes for preparing the sameInfo
- Publication number
- IL43203A IL43203A IL43203A IL4320373A IL43203A IL 43203 A IL43203 A IL 43203A IL 43203 A IL43203 A IL 43203A IL 4320373 A IL4320373 A IL 4320373A IL 43203 A IL43203 A IL 43203A
- Authority
- IL
- Israel
- Prior art keywords
- hollow fibre
- fibre
- process according
- hollow
- sulphonic acid
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 18
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 7
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical group OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 7
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical group [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical group [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- -1 alkaline earth metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 229960001760 dimethyl sulfoxide Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Inorganic materials [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium chloride Substances [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chloride Inorganic materials [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Inorganic materials [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/40—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. salts, amides, imides, nitriles, anhydrides, esters
- B01D71/42—Polymers of nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile
- B01D71/421—Polyacrylonitrile
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
- B01D69/081—Hollow fibre membranes characterised by the fibre diameter
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
A hollow fibre possessing a continuous longitudinally extending channel free from macro-molecular material, said fibre consisting essentially of a copolymer of acrylonitrile and an olefinically unsaturated comonomer containing an optionally salified sulphonic acid group and possessing micropores of average diameter less than 100 between 40% and 80% of walls of the fibre being empty space. [IN139645]
Claims (29)
1. A hollow fibre possessing a continuous longitudinally extending channel free from macro-molecular material, said fibre consisting essentially of a copolymer of acrylonitrile and an olefinically unsaturated comonomer containing an optionally salified sulphonic acid group and possessing micropores of average diameter less than 100 A, between 40% and 80% of walls of the fibre being empty space.
2. A hollow fibre according to claim 1 which has a zero degree of salt rejection.
3. A hollow fibre according to claim 1 or 2 in , which the sulphonic acid comonomer has the formulas CH j^ = CR3 - A - Y in which Y represents a -S03H or -S03M group, M being a metal atom, and independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group A represents a valency bond or a group of formula -A*- or -0-A1- , in which A* represents a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated, divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an unsubstituted aromatic nucleus or a monoaromatic- monoaliphatic chain in which one of the free valencies is carried by an aliphatic carbon atom and the other by an aromatic carbon atom.
4. A hollow fibre according to claim 3 in which M represents an alkali metal.
5. A hollow fibre according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in which the sulphonic acid oomonomer is vinylsulphonic , allylsulphonic , methallylsulphonic , styrenesulphonic , vinyloxybenzeneaulphonic, allyloxy- or methallyloxy-benzenesulphonic , or allyloxy- or methallyloxy-ethylsulphonic acid, or a salt thereof.
6. A hollow fibre according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the proportion of sulphonic acid monomer units in the acrylonitrile copolymer is between 1 and 50% (by number) of the monomer units.
7. A hollow fibre according to claim 6 in which the proportion of sulphonic acid monomer units is between 5 and 15%.
8. A hollow fibre according to any one of the preceding claims in which the acrylonitrilo copolymor has a specific viscosity (measured at 25°C as a 2 g/1 solution in dimethyl ormamide ) of between 0.1 and 3.
9. A hollow fibre according to any one of the preceding claims which has an external diameter of between 50 and 1,000 μ, and a wall thickness of between 5 and 40% of the external diameter.
10. A hollow fibre according to claim 9 which has an external diameter of between 100 and 600 μ and a wall thickness between 10 and 25% of the external diameter.
11. A hollow fibre according to claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described.
12. Process for the preparation of a hollow fibre which comprises injecting a solution of a copolymer of acrylonitrile and an olefinically unsaturated comonomer containing an optionally salified sulphonic acid group in at least one polar organic solvent into a spinneret with an annular orifice, and immediately coagulating the inside and the outside of the nascent hollow fibre issuing from the spinneret with a coagulating fluid which is either : a) a less than saturated aqueous solution of an inorganic salt, said solution optionally containing up to 40% of a miscible polar organic solvent, or b) at least one polar organic solvent which is a non-solvent for the acrylonitrile copolymer and is miscible with the solvent for the copolymer, the coagulation inside the fibre being carried out by injecting coagulating fluid inside the nascent fibre.
13. Process according to claim 12 in which the solvent for the copolymer is dimethylsulphoxide, dimethylacetamide, hexamethylphosphotriamide or dimethyl-formamide.
14. Process according to claims 12 or 13 in which the inorganic salt is a soluble allcali metal or alkaline earth metal salt.
15. Process according to claim 14 in which the inorganic salt is lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium or calcium chloride, sulphate, nitrate or perchlorate.
16. Process according to any one of claims 12 to 15 in which the inorganic salt is present at a concentration between 5 and 20% by weight.
17. Process according to claims 12 or 13 in which the coagulating fluid contains an alcohol or a diol.
18. Process according to any one of claims 12 to 17 in which the hollow fibre is subsequently subjected to an aqueous heat treatment.
19. Process according to claim 18 in which the aqueous heat treatment consists essentially of immersing the hollow fibre in water or in a miicture of water and a non-solvent, at a temperature of between 60 and 250°C.
20. Process according to claim 19 in which the temperature of the water or mixture of water and a non-solvent is between 80 and 190°C.
21. Process according to claim 19 or 20 in which the aqueous heat treatment is carried out continuously by passing the fibre continuously through a bath of water at a temperature of at most 100°C at atmospheric pressure for more than 5 seconds.
22. Process according to any one of claims 18 to 21, in which the fibre is stretched longitudinally during the aqueous heat treatment.
23. Process according to claim 22 in which the fibre is stretched 50 to 500%.
24. Process according to claim 23 in which the fibre is stretched 100 to 250%.
25. Process according to claim 12 substantially as hereinbefore described.
26. Process according to claim 12 substantially as described in any one of the Examples.
27. A hollow fibre as defined in claim 1 whenever prepared by a process as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 25.
28. A method of ultrafiltration or dialysis in which the liquid to be treated is contacted with a hollow fibre as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11
29. An enzymatic reactor which comprises hollow fibres as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11 and 27. Attorney for Applicants
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7232285A FR2199014B1 (en) | 1972-09-12 | 1972-09-12 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IL43203A0 IL43203A0 (en) | 1973-11-28 |
| IL43203A true IL43203A (en) | 1976-06-30 |
Family
ID=9104157
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL43203A IL43203A (en) | 1972-09-12 | 1973-09-11 | A hollow fibre possessing a continuous longitudinally extending channel free from macro-molecular material and processes for preparing the same |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5125486B2 (en) |
| AR (1) | AR199312A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7307023D0 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD109238A5 (en) |
| EG (1) | EG10998A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES418706A1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU167044B (en) |
| IE (1) | IE38223B1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL43203A (en) |
| IN (1) | IN139645B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT998593B (en) |
| OA (1) | OA04473A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE396097B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA737166B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5285525A (en) * | 1975-12-29 | 1977-07-15 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | Production of hollow fibers |
| JPH0642905B2 (en) * | 1986-06-13 | 1994-06-08 | 東レ株式会社 | Hemodialysis membrane |
-
1973
- 1973-09-03 DD DD173231A patent/DD109238A5/xx unknown
- 1973-09-05 OA OA55005A patent/OA04473A/en unknown
- 1973-09-07 ZA ZA737166*A patent/ZA737166B/en unknown
- 1973-09-07 IE IE1592/73A patent/IE38223B1/en unknown
- 1973-09-07 JP JP48100379A patent/JPS5125486B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-09-07 IN IN2051/CAL/73A patent/IN139645B/en unknown
- 1973-09-10 HU HURO748A patent/HU167044B/hu unknown
- 1973-09-11 IL IL43203A patent/IL43203A/en unknown
- 1973-09-11 AR AR250027A patent/AR199312A1/en active
- 1973-09-11 SE SE7312375A patent/SE396097B/en unknown
- 1973-09-11 BR BR7023/73A patent/BR7307023D0/en unknown
- 1973-09-12 EG EG358/73A patent/EG10998A/en active
- 1973-09-12 IT IT28851/73A patent/IT998593B/en active
- 1973-09-12 ES ES418706A patent/ES418706A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EG10998A (en) | 1977-04-30 |
| IE38223L (en) | 1974-03-12 |
| DD109238A5 (en) | 1974-10-20 |
| JPS5125486B2 (en) | 1976-07-31 |
| ZA737166B (en) | 1974-08-28 |
| HU167044B (en) | 1975-07-28 |
| IE38223B1 (en) | 1978-01-18 |
| IT998593B (en) | 1976-02-20 |
| ES418706A1 (en) | 1976-02-16 |
| OA04473A (en) | 1980-12-15 |
| IL43203A0 (en) | 1973-11-28 |
| IN139645B (en) | 1976-07-10 |
| JPS4962726A (en) | 1974-06-18 |
| SE396097B (en) | 1977-09-05 |
| BR7307023D0 (en) | 1974-07-18 |
| AR199312A1 (en) | 1974-08-23 |
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