IL34759A - Filtration apparatus especially for reverse osmosis - Google Patents

Description

13 Filtration apparatus especially for reverse osmosis DES The Various processes for treatment of either liquids or utilise the of the entire or of part through a filter membrane the effect of at high these that of reverse osmosis particular has important the pressures in this case are ly high order of tens and even a hundred and rates the of transfer through the membrane ore the cubic order of a per The object of the invention is to provide a new iltration apparatus for carrying out such processes using filtration She term embraces not only osmosis but also all other membranes or filter filtration is larly adapted to those involve high pressures and require a good circulation of the to be treated over the which is the cose when osmosis membranes are especially such as are used in reverse In known apparatus for this the usually located on one face of other face exposed to atmospheric Shis support thus be able to withstand the pressure applied on the side of the fluid be which pressure is exerted on a total surface equal to that of the This that in order to withstand pressure of the the support must be enclosed in casing having a considerable and the apparatus thus becomes rather In order to these other solutions have been proposed according to which the membranes are the fluid to be treated flows serosa these these conditions the supports to withstand only an their quite low or even and they are enclosed in a relatively inexpensive pressure whose surface is smaller than that of the disadvantages of these latter embodiesnts are usually caused by the di iculty of achieving an effioient ei of the by the relatively increased importance of the joining of the and by the unsuitabillty to assembly owing to the weight of pressure jackets and the modi of the apparatus for i different purposes is hardly fhe present combines the advantages of both types of embodiments described above while their invention the further advantage in only small pressure the circulation of the fluid to be present invention provides especially for reverse comprising at least one tubular element consisting of a porous support externally filtration particularly permeable means for a fluid to be treated under pressure simultaneously outside and inside the in such a manner the element is subjected over its entire surface the pressure of the treated fluidf and moans for discharging the fluid which through the accumulates in the porous moans discharge in the case of supports porous throughout thoir of tubes inserted into the support to a collector located outside the supports which perforated means of duets with a central discharge equally well be According to secondary feature of the the apparatus a plurality of the porous elements described parallel to each other in a bundle and enclosed in a fluid tight capable of the pressure of the treated to a preferred embodiment of the the elements are each inside w the treated fluid to circulate longitudinally the ion each casing its an unit of the She may have or they are advantageously given uniform hexagonal so optional as to be easily al for exploitation of the inside the fluid coordirgto another embodiment of the the common elements ore located each in a cell formed in is itself preferably porous filtration over the inner of each cell and also comprises especially for the fluids According to a further of the elements are surrounded bed of granules or which serve turbulence of the treated its circulation over the These different features of the separately or in provide construction efficient of the treated fluid an aqueous combined with a reduced boundary layer re in a tolerable loss of an attainment of fluid being reduced to minimum at the membrane on the one between the high pressure low pressure on the other the construction because the tubular porous not be burst or compression but must withstand merely and because such supports easily suitable surface properties for the direct deposition of the ensuring an excellent support without requiring any intermediate elements the apparatus the invention are advcntageously of particularly suitable for the manufacture of the porous but the elements ily well other especially with approaching which is most e for on optimal exploitation of the available volume for the circulation of the treated the and especially the consisting of the elements with their corresponding to one of the preferred embodiments of the may be connected in various in series in in the circulation of the treated a plurality of tubular elements can be assembled end to end in order to obtain longer remaining features of the Invention become evident from the following description of me eular embodiments of filtration apparatus to the given by way of and referring to figures 1 to 5 in 1 is a partially sectioned peropective view of a first embodiment of the is a of the embodiment of is a of a second embodiment of the 4 relates to the embodiment of showing one part thereof in greater detail and i longitudinal cross 5 is a longitudinal cross section of another embodiment of the Reference will be made initially to 4 hich shows in detail a particular embodiment of an element 1 according to the w ich can be used in each of the embodi ents described element 1 consists of a tubular porous its having in this particular an nal as as an external circular support is lined both internally and externally with filtration 2 and which in this semipermeable membranes during the of the osmosis as applied to the treatment o selectively pass while excluding the sails porous support is of a terra material of the support is y of limited it eaprises internal longitudinal duets having diameters mm for with whic are connected capillary tubes 5 for the discharge of fluid which has across the membranes and and has collected inside the porous In a particular tion of the this fluid is pure gasket of rubber or plastics is mounted over the porous suppor over the 2 and each of the element in order to ensure h the fluid tightness of the edges of the membranes at the ends of the at the upper end the tightness of the of capillary tubes the ends of the element 1 may be with or glue for sealing the ends of the and for positioning and the tube membranes be located tightened at the exterior a rubber and at interior by another rubber ring supported by an expansible Different embodiments of the porous support may be made of a plastic material fey fritting or of porous medium consisting of mineral and an organic binder synthetic of paper the spaces which are by a mineral or organic or of equivalent the ends of the element are a designed such a as to minimize the pressure losses suffered at this level by the treated fluid circulating along the element both outside thereof as exhibiting a pointed profile for the In the embodiment in 1 a plurality of ments such described are mounted inside a common cylindrical jacket in they are disposed as a parallel to each acket encloses the treated fluid under pressure the aqueous solutions to be treated according to the particular which is made to circulate along the The circulation of the solution is determined for each element by a casing e element and forming together the element an changeable In the embodiment the entire is from one end of the this case the top but it is easy an assembly twice as long by coupling two assemblies providing access to them from both the embodiment described exemplifies a case where each unit corresponds to a single porous element about 1 meter in longer units can be structed from a plurality of such elements connected in series by means of gaskets resembling the gaskets at the top end of this embodiment 6 in and permitting consecutive elements to be joined to height of the apparatus is thus limited only by considerations of pressure loss over the circulation of the treated In the the 8 of metal plastic ia the ease by the walls of ia a The of the cylinder closed by welded the a pistoa the application of the pressure a secured to the bottom 7 by tie fluid tightness of aa joint ia the system may of course be resorted to jacket 8 13 g through 10 aad for the eatry the exit of the treated A farther is provided for tho discharge of the fluid through tite the water ia pipe 15 is laterally disposed ia the for According to 1 and each element 1 is ly is to the treated solution circulate longitudinally in the e of the correspond are of hexagonal which is for aa advantageous t ey are with each other aad bound by means of aa elastic bracket as to a ia form with the Jacket assembly thus defiaes hydraulic for the oircalatioa of the treated conduits comprise for eaoh on ae oae head the space 13 of the element and on the other hand the space 19 between the support and the 20 are provided for uniting each pair of adjacent at one and at the other ends of the bundle so as to force the treated solution to circulate through the unite in first the las facing the pipes 13 and 14 are provided special gaskets adapted to receive these a relatively fluid tight joint may be achieved at this level by rubber the may be so as to give rise to a parallel circulation in some or all of the The use of detachable and interchangeable and the connection of the units in the pressure jacket in any desired It should be noted that these as well as the casings 16 and the filtration elements are subjected over their entire surfaces to the pressure of the treated Operating they may be of comparatively inexpensive molded it is not necessary to provide for rigorous fluid tightness in the jointing of these partes the only pressure differences which may arise due to the pressure losses a leak between two units of no appreciable importance to the functioning of the us long as its amplitude is In the embodiment shown in each is assembled of two parts conveniently tured by moulding together with curvilinear fine disposed at the inside face of the which ensure minimal pressure losses passage of the solution from one unit to the insufficientOCRQuality

Claims (1)

1. insufficientOCRQuality