IL33572A - Elastic hooking-up device - Google Patents

Description

Elastic hooking>-up device "ELVERSELE" , naamloze vennootechap C.j 31818 This invention relates to a hooking-up device which may he also a closing device consisting of two supports provided with hooking-up members being mutually interpenetrated when both supports are pressed against each other.

Prom several years, there are known hooking-up devices consisting of two flexible parts provided with hooking-up members and being applied against each other.

For instance, the Swiss Patent N° 339» 55 describes such device in which the hooking-up members of one of the parts are loops, the hooking-up members of the other part being hooks. There is also known a hooking-up device consisting of two similar parts , each part having a plurality of carpet forming loops of a given thickness as well as a plurality of hooks. The loop and -hook devices are generally obtained by weaving processes. They find some applications namely in the clothing industry (closing of clothes), in the furniture industry (seat covers, carpet fixing), in the medical field (clamping of bandages) and the like There are also known hooking-up devices consisting of two parts being mutually interpenetrated and made of a plastio or metallic material. For this purpose, it has already been proposed a hooking-up element comprising a basis support of synthetic material the surface of which has a very large number of closely spaced projections provided to engage projections of another similar element. These projections may be mushrooms or hooks of. the same material as that of the basis support and the element may be formed, e.g. by injecting synthetic material into a die.

A metallic hooking-up device which is also called clip hooking-up device has also been suggested. This device comprises" two parts, the one having a very large number of metallic hooks m l rea These devices made of plastic material or metal have a substantial adhesive strength, hut they are generally less flexible than the devices obtained by weaving or knitting and they are consequently used for other purposes, e.g. for securing decorative panels or for fastening articles in vehicles of any kind.

All the devices already proposed or used have a common characteristic in that they are not resiliently deformable under acceptable conditions, while being often very flexible. Now, in numerous applications, such resilient deformability is not only desirable but often essential, otherwise such hooking-up or closing device may be unusable. For instance, in the clothing industry, extensible fabrics are frequently worked and, when using the known hooking-up devices for closing, that portion of the fabric on which is fixed the device, loses most of its resilient nature. That is the reason why said hooking-up devices are relatively little used namely for linen underwear, corsets, various medical applications and the like.

One of the objects of the present invention is a hooking-up or closing device which, without unhooking, may be subjected to even important elastic deformations, namely under the action of longitudinal tensile stresses.

For this purpose, the hooking-up or closing device according to the invention is characterized in that it is provided so that the supports of the hooking-up elements and the hooked-up elements have elasticity properties at least in one direction. These elasticity properties of both supports may be identical or different and still one of the supports may be elastic, the other being not.

In such elastic device, without any detrimental effect device. The tensile stresses in two opposite directions may be applied either on the two superimposed and mutually hooked supports or on the one in one direction and on the other in the opposite direction. When the elasticity properties of "both supports are identical, the latter will "be elongated on the same length when applying said tensile stress thereto and the hooking-up members which are mutually interpenetrated, will not be subjected to any detrimental shifting relative to each other.

In any case, they will be kept perfectly hooked-up. V/hen the hooking-up device according to the invention is used for securing two parts of an elastic fabric, it will be possible, when subjecting the fabric to a tensile stress, to extend said device simultaneously with the fabric. By this way, a flexible fixing or closing will be provided. On the contrary, when both supports have different elasticity properties, the deviation must be always selected so that the hooking-up or closing device has an average elasticity sufficient for absorbing the stresses provided in the concerned specific applications.

Embodiments of the elastic hooking-up device forming the object of the invention are represented by way of example in the enclosed drawings, wherein: figure 1 shows a section through a length of. a hook support of a hooking-up or closing device made by weaving; figure 2 shows a section through a length of a loop support of a hooking-up or closing device made by weaving; said both supports are adapted to be applied and pressed against each other in the hooking-up or closing position of the device; figure 3 shows a perspective view of a length of the elastic hooking-up and closing device according to the invention; figure 4 shows a section through a length of a hooking- stress; figure 5 is similar to figure 4» the length of the elastic hooking-up and closing device "being shown after elongation by elastic deformation; figure 6 shows a warp section of another hooking-up element; figure 7 shows diagrammaticall the setting-on of. the support to form the hooking-up element according to figure 6; figure 8 shows the point paper relating to the setting-on of said hooking-up element; figure 9 shows a warp section of another hooked-up element; figure 10 shows diagrammatically the setting-on of the support to form the hooked element according to figure 9 and figure 11 shows the point paper relating to the setting' on of said hooked element* EXAMPLE I a) Hooking-up element (figure 1) In this embodiment, the hook strip is obtained by forming a support comprising a weft of multifilament nylon yarns 1 to 12 and a warp of multifilament nylon yarns 12, and yarns l^, of a natural or synthetic elastic material. The weft yarns 2,- , £-6, 8- and 11-12 are disposed two by two above each other and the elastic yarn 2A. is passed between said pairs of weft yarns and on the yarns 1, , 2» iQ a d so on. The multifilament nylon warp yarns X∑ are zigzag disposed on the weft yams .1, '2,4., £, 2 _2> .19.» ϋ 80 οη· The no°ks 1£, 16, 1 , 18 are obtained by means of additional warp monoyarns 1°, which are pile yams. A first additional pile yam 12, forms a cut loop represented by hook 15. and passes then under the two weft yarns 2 and j5, then formed the hook 12» the monoyarn 3^ passes under the weft yarns 8 and on the weft yarn 10 and it forms again a hook (not shown) after being passed under the weft yarns JLl and 12. The additional monoyarn lfla passes on the weft yarn 1, then under the two weft yarns 2 and 2 to form the hook 16. It passes then under the two weft yarns and 6,, on the weft yarn ^o f rm the hook 18 after being passed under the weft yarns 8 and .

When woven, the hook strip is subjected to a heat treatment for completely fixing the ground and the loops of the monoyarns 1£ which, after cutting, will become liooks 1£, 16 17, 18.... The temperature and the time of this treatment depend on the used yarns. When applying this treatment, it is generally necessary to tighten the strip without however stretching it so that it becomes perfectly flat. To preserve a good elasticity and to improve the body of the strip and to firmly size, within the ground fabric, the loops which, after cutting, will be the hooks 1 "to » "the strip is finished by coating or scraping a finishing product having a permanent elasticity, e.g. a latex..

When finishing, the strip is subjected to a certain stress which must be such that it is not stretched during the scraping and drying operation. The finishing film being nearly cured by this treatment provides a sufficiently strong binding of the monoyarn hooks, while allowing the stretching and the releasing of the strip at will without deforming the hooks or the fabric. For cutting the monoyarn loops 1,2,» thereby forming the hooks, the strip is tensioned so that the loops are cut without any difficulty.

The hook strip shown in figure 1 may be stretched to 100$, thereby doubling the length thereof. When examining said ■ figure 1, it will be observed that, when tensioning the strip, accordingly unerfcendable, are zigzag disposed "between the weft yarns 1 to 12 of the ground in such manner that, when elongating the strip, they may "be flattened with a length increase in the traction direction, i.e. also in the direction of the deformation of the hooking-up or closing means. b) Hooked-up element (figure 2) The loop support is woven in the same way as the hook strip of figure 1. The loop strip is obtained by forming a groun comprising multifilament nylon weft yarns 20 to 8 and wef yarns consisting of multifilament nylon yarns 23* 29a and 29b an natural or synthetic elastic yarns £0.

The elastic yarn 2,0 passes under the weft yarn 20, above the weft yar 21, under the two following weft yarns 22 and 22. adjacent to each other, above the weft yarn 2 and so on. The weft yarns 29_ and 29a of the ground are zigzag disposed about the weft yarns 20 to 28, the ground yarn 29b being also zigzag disposed about the weft yams 20 to £8, but passing always on the two weft yarns adjacent to each other 2j , 2 , 2^, 25. and so on. The loops ^l. to 6 are obtained by means of additional warp yarns 21» 2X&. and 37b which are pile yarns zigzag disposed between weft yarns 20 to 28 and spanning the elastic yarns 30.

Like the hook strip, when finishing, this strip is also subjected a thermal treatment, then the loops 2i to JL formed by means of monoyarns 22» 7a and 37b and the ground consisting of weft yarns 20 to £8 and the warp yarns 2°,, 29a» 29b and 29. are sized by applying a resilient finish upon the back face of the support, like the hook support. The loop support just described above has elasticity properties which may be similar or different from those of the hook support described with reference to figure 1. As the elastic yam may be elongated as for the hook support. Assuming that the loop support and the hook support are mutually interpenetrating and then tensioned, under the tensile stress applied thereto, they will he elongated in accordance with the tensile stress and the interpenetrated loops and hooks will still he kept substantially in front of each other without any detrimental effect thereon. Thus, they will be kept firmly hooked-up with each other.

EXAMPLE II The means described in example I has an elastic character in only one direction, i.e. along the warp, which is quite sufficient for conventional purposes. However, those skilled in the art will very readily weave with elastic weft yarns or weft yarns zigzag disposed on the warp yams, thereby providing elasticity properties in two directions. Such embodiment is shown diagrammatically in figures 3, 4 and 5 in which arrows P are indicating the longitudinal tensile directions, whereas arrows are indicating the transverse tensile directions .

This embodiment comprises again the support ^8 bearing any suitable hooked-up elements or loops and the support 40 having any suitable hooking-up elements or hooks 41.

Similarly, such hooking-up and closing device having a multidirectional elasticity degree could be also provided.

EXAMPLE III This example relates to the embodiment of a hooking-up device under the form of a 30 mm thick strip having a good longitudinal elasticity. a) Hooking-up element: (figures 6, 7 and 8) In this embodiment, the double ground warp comprises a first warp consisting of 160 multifilament polyamide yarns of - The pile warp comprises 35 monofilament polyamide yarns having a diameter of 0.18 mm. The weft yarn comprises a multifilament polyamide yam of 200 deniers, 200 T/Z normal. In this embodiment, the warp repeat for a complete strip is as follows: Left selvedge 1 synthetic rubber yarn polyamide yarns 140 denier 2 polyamide yarns 140 deniers 1 synthetic rubber yarn Center 1 polyamide pile yarn jb = 0.18 mm 2 polyamide yams 1 0 deniers Right selvedge 10 polyamide yarns 1 0 denier 1 synthetic rubber yarn In accordance with the diagrammatic representation of figure 1, it will be observed that, when drawing-in, to obtain a satisfactory quality, it is necessary to form monoyarn loops in such manner that they are spanning, within the ground fabric, at least two polyamide ground fabrics, an elastic yarn and a temporary support contributing to the formation of the loops.

A group comprising four polyamide ground yarns 140 deniers, an elastic yarn and a pile yarn having a diameter of 0.18 mm is then every time drawn in the same opening of the loop reed. Under such circumstances, the shaft drawing-in will ts Nr.

As regards the point paper design of the fabric weave, it will be observed that the binding of the ground yarns, the elastic yarns and the pile yarns has been particularly designed to provide the strip with an optimum elasticity, i.e. a compromise between a sufficient elasticity and the necessity of keeping correct form and position of the monoyarn loops. This strip has thus well opened loops disposed laterally of the ground fabric, i.e. in a perpendicular direction, or still obliquely relative to the longitudinal axis of the strip.

This arrangement promotes the subsequent treatment of the loops by any thermal, mechanical or similar means to convert them into hooking-up elements.

The repeat of pattern of the pile yarns is six picks, thereby providing a very tight binding within the ground fabric. This W binding imparts simultaneously a large flexibility to the fabric, i.e. the possibility of releasing and then recoverin readily and completely its initial shape and sizes.

In the described example, the elasticity obtained after weaving is optimum.

Figure 6 shows a warp section of the strip in which are seen the multifilament polyamide ground yarns the elastic yarns £2,, the monofilament polyamide pile yarns and the multifilament polyamide weft yarns The said figure 6 shows by full lines £6. openings of the loops to form the hooking-up elements proper. b) Hooked-up element: (figures 9, 10 and 11) The double ground warp comprises a first warp consisting of 160 multifilament polyamide yarns of 140 deniers, 600 T/ - 400 T/S, and a second warp consisting of 34 synthetic rubber ; yarns of 3.030 m/kg. The pile warp comprises 34 yarns 90 deniers In this embodiment, the warp repeat for a complete strip is as follows: 1 polyamide yarn 140 deniers 1 polyamide pile yarn 90 deniers 1 polyamide yarn 14-0 deniers Center 32X 1 synthetic rubber yam 1 polyamide yarn 140 deniers 1 polyamide pile yam 90 deniers 1 polyamide yarn 140 deniers Right 1 e yar deniers selvedge {6 polyamid ns 140 1 synthetic rubber yarn Contrarily to the drawing-in system for the hooking-up strip, no ground yarn is passed between the raising parts of the doup healds. By this way, the loops of said strip are locally spanning only the respective temporary supports, A group comprising four ground yarns, an elastic yarn, two pile yarns and the two respective temporary supports is passed in the same opening of the loom reed.

In this embodiment, the shaft drawing-in is effected as follows: .

Shafts Nr. 1 elastic yarn 13 Left 1 ground yarn 12 selvedge 6K 1 ground yarn 13 1 ground yarn 8 1 pile yarn I-gauze 1 ground yarn - 9 1 elastic yarn 7 1 ground yarn 10 1 pile yarn II-gauze Center +1X 1 ground yarn 11 1 ground yarn 8 1 pile yarn Ill-gauze 1 ground yarn 9 10X< 1 elastic yarn 7 1 ground yarn 10 1 pile yarn I-gauze 1 ground yarn 11 1 ground yarn 8 1 pile yarn II-gauze 1 ground yarn" 9 1 elastic yarn 7 1 ground yarn 10 1 pile" yarn * IJI-gauze 1 ground yarn 11 As regards the point paper design of the fabric weave, it will be observed that the binding of the ground yarns, the elastic yarns and the pile yarns has been particularly designed to provide the strip with an optimum elasticity, as described for the hooking-up element.

It was particularly aimed to form a full and ruffled surface to obtain a great hooking-up capacity with respect to the hooking-up element. The repeat of pattern of the pile yarns is 4 and 5 pipks between the loops formed by the same yarn, so that there is always a W binding of the pile yarns within the ground.

Owing to the particularly researched compacity of the fabric and owing also to the position of the weft yams in the ground, the binding of the pile ya s does not affect the flexibility and the readiness with which the strip may be elongated and completely released.

The warp section of the strip (figure 9) shows clearly the composition of the fabric and the positions of the warp yarns and the picks in the released strip.

Like in the drawings relating to the hooking-up element, the reference numbers 4J2 to 4JL show the ground ya s, the elastic yarns, the pile yarns and the weft yams respectivel It should be noted that the relationship between the tensile stresses of the warp in elastic ya respectively at warping and at weaving are of primary importance as well in the hooking-up element as in the hooked-up element.

In the selected example, this relation condition is established as follows: It is set firstly as a principle that the elastic yarn, namely the synthetic rubber ya , has a tension on reel considered as a unitary tension symbolically other words, that the elongation of the V70und up elastic yarn . is negligible, i.e. non-existent.

The warping of the elastic warp is namely carried out by tensioning in the ratio 2, 8 : 1, i.e. an elongation at the coefficient 2, 8 on the beam is obtained. The elastic warp warped with such elongation is then working on the loom under a tension in the true ratio 1,15 : 1 which corresponds to the obtainment, when weaving, of a warp length of 1,15 m for one meter of warp unwound from the beam.

Of course, according to the needs, it is possible to modify the tension or elongation ratios considering that, on the other hand, the elasticity of the so obtained fabrio is also substantially affected by the selected number of picks.

It is clearly apparent that the woven products made under exceptional conditions and purposes may be subsequently treated for finishing and sizing operations by means and product known in the textile industry.

The purpose of this detailed example is to bette define the characteristics of the concerned hooking-up device on the basis of the acquired experience and substantially perfect results.

On the other hand, instead of the hook strip, it is possible to use a support of rubber or synthetic material formed by stamping and having a plurality of projections, e.g. mushrooms which may be hooked-up with loops of the astrakhan strip described with reference to figure 2.

On the other hand, the loop strip may be obtained by means of a rubber or synthetic material support identical to that having projections, loops being embedded therein or adhered thereto. In the case of an embodiment in which the metallic hooks and loops are thrown on the support, e.g. by a magnetic. process. It is also possible to use a tufting process similar to that applied in the manufacture of carpets in which, e.g. loops and hooks are stitched on a woven elastic support or a grid of rubber or synthetic material.

The binding means obtained with the support of rubber or synthetic material and metal hooking-up members may of course be subjected to very greater forces than a device obtained by weaving and intended, e.g. for binding transmission belts or for fixing tarpaulins on a vehicle. The elements of the hooking-up device could be then fixed on the parts being connected by riveting, screwing or any other suitable means.

The above described means are only mentioned by way of example. It is apparent that male and/or female hooking-up supports may be obtained by very varying means provided that the support made of any suitable material has an elasticity and that at least one of the faces thereof has such hooking-up elements and/or hooked-up elements that two such superimposed and pressed supports are firmly interlocked, while keeping a good resilient deformability at least in one direction.

It results that such supports may be produced not only by weaving but also by pressing, rolling, extraction, injection, projection, needling, knitting, flocking and the like. It will be also possible to use any suitable natural or synthetic material.

In all these cases, in the direction or directions of resilient deformation or elongation, the constituting support will have a behaviour as shown diagrammatically in figures 4 and 5 respectively in their forward position and after a tensile stress. Practically, the pitch P between two adjacent hooking-up ceased, the said pitch resumes automatically the value P.

It results that the relative position of the hooking-up elements and the hooked-up elements of "both supports of the concerned elastic closing or hooking-up device will be substantially constant and, in any case, within acceptable deformation limits, i.e. without any reduction or detrimental reduction of the hooking-up strength of the hooking elements.

The' invention covers also any application of such hooking-up or closing devices. 33572/2

Claims (2)

1. · A hooking-up device consisting of two longitudinally extending supports each of which is in the form of a woven band provided with hooking-up members which interpenetrate when the two supports are superposed, the band having good elasticity at least in the longitudinal direction, and the hooking-up members: having a filiform shape and being of sufficient .length to ensure that the hooking-up members of the two supports, when the latter are superposed, remain in mutual engagement during the entire elastic deformation of the bands in the longitudinal direction*.

2. * A device according to claim 1, wherein the bands have unidirectional elasticity properties*. 3· A device according to claim 1 wherein the bands have bidirectional elasticity properties* 4· A device according to claim 1 wherein the bands have multidirectional elasticity properties. 5· A device according to any of the preceding claims, ohayaQtogised wherein both bands with their hooking-up members have substantially identical elasticity properties* 6· A device according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein both bands with their hoo ng-up members have different elasticity properties, with one of the bands possibly having a substantially non-existent elasticity* 7· A device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the elasticity of the bands is determined by the characteristics of their constituting material* 8· A device according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the elasticity of the bands is determined by their manufaoture method* characterized in that the elasticity of the supports is determined "by a combination of elastic elements and elements having a lower or substantially non-existent elasticity, hut conditione to he deformed simultaneously with the elongation deformations of the said elastic elements. 10.- A device according to claim 1, wherein the hooking-up elements are loops and hooks, characterized in that each support is under the form of a woven elastic and extendable ground, the additional warp yarns forming the loops or the hooks being zigzag disposed between the weft yarns and havin a length approximately twice that of the released support. 11.- A device according to claims 1 or 10, characterized in that the warp yarns of the supports comprise elastic yarns and generally not elastic yarns zigzag disposed about weft yarns having a length substantially greater than, e.g. twice that of the released supports. 12.- A device according to claims 1, 10 and 11, characterized in that the weft yarns comprise elastic yarns and generally not elastic yarns interposed in the shed of the warp yarns, having a length substantially greater than, e.g. twice, that of the released element. 13.- A hooking-up device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hooking-up supports and the hooked-up supports are made by weaving and comprise at least three warps, namely a warp of synthetic yarns, a warp of elastic yarns, a warp of synthetic pile yarns, the weft being also of synthetic yarns. 14.- A device according to claim 13, characterized in that the double ground warp comprises a first warp of multifilament polyamide yarns and a second warp of synthetic rubber yarns . that the double ground warp comprises a first warp of 160 multifilament polyamide yarns of 140 deniers 600 T/Z, 400 T/S and a second warp of 37 synthetic rubber yarns. 16.- A device according to claim 13 » characterized in that the pile warp comprises monofilament polyamide yarns. 17.- A device aocording to claim 16 , characterized in that the pile warp comprises 35 monofilament polyamide yarns having a diameter of 0, 18 mm. 18.- A device according to olaim 13 , characterized in that the weft yam consists of a. multifilament polyamide yarn of 200 deniers, 200 T/Z normal. 19.- A device according to claim 13 , characterized in that the warp repeat for making a hooking-up element having 30 mm in width is as follows: 1 synthetic rubber yam for. the left selvedge 1 11C0 polyamide ya s 140 deniers 2 polyamide yarns 140 deniers for the center 1 35X synthetic rubber yarn 1 polyamide pile yarn 0 = 0, 18 mm 2 polyamide yams 240 deniers for the right selvedge ί 10 polyamide yams 140 deniers \ 1 synthetic rubber ya 20.- A device according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the drawing-in for the formation of a hooking-up element, monofilament loops are formed so that they are spanning, within the ground fabric, at least two polyamide ground fabrics, an elastic yam and a temporary support contributing to the formation of the loops. 21.- A device according to claim 20, characterized in that a group comprising four polyamide ground ya s, an elastic ya and a pile yarn is every time drawn in the same opening of the loom reed. 22.- A device according to claim 13 , characterized in that the warp repeat for making a hooked-up element having V.- 30 mm in width is as follows: 1 synthetic rubber yarn for the left selvedge {[ 16 polyamide yarns 140 deniers 1 polyamide yarn 140 deniers 1 polyamide pile yarn 90 denier 1 polyamide yarn 1 0 deniers for the center 32X 1 synthetic rubber yarn 1 polyamide yarn 140 deniers 1 polyamide pile yarn 90 denier 1 polyamide yarn 140 deniers 16 polyamide yarns 1 0 deniers for the right selvedge 1 synthetic rubber yarn 23.- A device according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the drawing-in for the formation of a hooked-up element, are formed loops spanning locally only the respective temporary supports. 24.- A device according to claim 23, characterized in that a group comprising four ground yams, an elastic yarn and two pile yarns as well as the two temporary supports is passed in the same opening of the weaving reed. 25.- A device according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the supports has loops, the other having hooks. 26.- A device according to claim 1, characterized in that each support has a loop and hook carpet, said loops and hooks having identioal or different heights. 27.- A device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a resilient finish is applied on the back face of each element to size the loops and the hooks. 28.- A device according to claim 27, characterized in that the finish is a substance containing rubber or latex and water. 29.- A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the supports are made of rubber or synthetic material, the hooking-up members being fixed upon the said supports.. in that each support is under the form of an elastic fabric or a grid of rubber or synthetic material, the hooking-up members being stitched on the fabric or the grid. 31.- A device according to one of claims lt 17 or 18, characterized in that the hooking-up members are loops and hooks 32.- A device according to claim 1, characterized in . that the loops and hooks are made of a textile material. 33.- A device according to olaim 19, characterized in that the said loops and hooks are made of metal or any other suitable material. 34. - A device according to one of claims 1, 17 or 18, characterized in that the hooking-up members are loops and projections. . 35.- A device according to claim 22, characterized in that the said projections are mushrooms. 36. - A hooking-up device consisting of two supports provided with hooking-up members, substantially as previously described and illustrated in the enclosed drawings.