IE86059B1 - Sealing agent for waterproof barriers - Google Patents
Sealing agent for waterproof barriersInfo
- Publication number
- IE86059B1 IE86059B1 IE2007/0208A IE20070208A IE86059B1 IE 86059 B1 IE86059 B1 IE 86059B1 IE 2007/0208 A IE2007/0208 A IE 2007/0208A IE 20070208 A IE20070208 A IE 20070208A IE 86059 B1 IE86059 B1 IE 86059B1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- sealing agent
- weight
- clay
- suspension
- cement
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052904 quartz Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001884 aluminium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J aluminum;tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001438449 Silo Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium monoxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100001004 fissure Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000007242 human factor J protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010008508 human factor J protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Abstract
ABSTRACT The sealing agent for waterproof barriers in the form of a clay and cement suspension made of polymineral clays, characterized by the fact that it contains 3—15% parts by weight of cement, up to 65% parts by weight of fly-ash and/or rock dust of similar granulation, and 30-60% parts by weight, or better up to 50% parts by weight, of water suspension of clay, heavy or loamy.
Description
Sealing agent for waterproof barriers Przedsiebiorstwo Robét Geologiczno-Wiertniczych G.Janik & R. Kus Spélka Jawna TITLE: Sealing agent for waterproof barriers DESCRlPTlON The subject of the invention is a sealing agent for making waterproof baniers in the form of water suspension made of polymineral clays.
There is aiready a patent no. PL 174766 made on another sealing agent for making waterproof barriers in the forth of water solution made of polymineral clays.
The agent is a clay and cement water solution comprising 645% of cement, 19 - 34% of clay. or better heavy clay with a plasticity factor J. = 15-20, in a gianulometric composition of which the particles < 5 pm make up at least 60%. and particles > 50 pm make up not more than 5%. The mineral composition of the clay shail include kaolinite, hydrornica and quartz, whfle in its chemical composition the content of N20; should be about 20-28% and the content of Sic); should be 50-60%. Its transfer capacity should equal 15-30 milligramme equivalent units on 1009 of dry clay and- core composition of transferable cations is represented by ca?‘ > Na‘ > K‘ > Mg”. The agent is to be dissolved to 100% with water andlor natural brine. Moreover. the patented sealing agent includes coherent andlor gritty clay. with a plasticity factor of J._= 6 - 18, in the granulometrlc composition of which the particles < 5 pm make up 40-80%, and particles > 50 gm make up about 5-9%. The mineral composition of the clay includes kaolinite. hydromica, mixed layer formations, quartz and carbonates while in its chemical composition the content of N203 is about 18-24% and the sio, content about 55~65%. Its transfer capacity equals 25-40 miliigramme equivalent units on 100g of dry clay and core composition of transferable cations is represented by Ca?" > Na" > K‘ > M92‘.
The available sealing agent is particularly suitable for making waterproof barriers in rock fissures and loose soil by means of the injection method for rock, and deep soii mixing for loose soil.
However, due to its rheological, structural and mechanical properties. the available sealing agent does not guarantee in all geological conditions the leakproofness of the waterproof barriers, made by filling with the sealing agent solution formerly made openings, fissures, ditches, excavations, and other similar, deep and narrow hollows. it transpired. however, that the addition of fly-ash (flue dusts) and/or rock dust of similar granuiation as filling material to the patented sealing agent in the form of a clay and cement solution, with a simultaneous modification of the solution fonnula, produces a very efficient sealing agent for the construction of waterproof barriers by filling formerly excavated hollows in the ground with the sealing agent solution.
In accordance with the invention, there is provided a reformulated sealing agent for waterproof barriers in the form of a clay and cement suspension made of polymineral clays, which is characterized by comprising 3-15% by weight of cement, 45-65% by weight of fly-ash and/or rock dust of similar granulation, and -60% by weight of a water suspension of heavy or loamy clay. _ Preferably the sealing agent comprises 30 to 50 % by weight of a water suspension of heavy or loamy clay.
The product seems to have improved parameters when the clay has a granulometric composition in which the particles < 5 pm make up at least 60%, and the mineral composition includes kaolinite, hydromica and quartz, with a chemical composition characterized by a Al2O3 content of about 20-28% and Slog of about 50-60%, a transfer capacity equal to 15-30 milligramme equivalent units on 1009 of dry clay, and a_ core composition of transferable cations represented by Caz’ > Na‘ > K‘ > M9”.
The reformulated agent may require that the cement be portland cement. or portland cement with a sulphate resistance feature, or low aluminate cement and aluminium oxide containing cement.
The water content of the water suspension of heavy or loamy clay is, according to the patent description, so adjusted that. after all the ingredients have been mixed, the density of a freshly made suspension of ready to use sealing agent equals from 1.40 to 1.65 Mglm3, and better not less than 1.45 MgIm3.
According to the patent description, the sealing agent preferably contains at least 5% by weight of cement, up to 65 % by weight of fly-ash andlor rock dust of similar granulation. and 30-60 % by weight of a water suspension of clay with such a content of water that a freshly made suspension of ready to use sealing agent has a density of 1.40 -1.65 Mg/m3.
According to the patent description, the sealing agent is cheap, easy to prepare at a construction site and easy to apply while its rheological, structural and mechanical properties enable the construction of very efficient watertight barriers. The practical tests made 28 days after the construction of filter proof barriers of the above mentioned agent proved that the axial compression of the barriers equalied at least 0.3 MPa, and the filtration factor was less than 1x10'° mls.
The invention is further described in the following practical examples of its composition and application.
Example I.
The sealing agent for waterproof barriers contains 7% parts by weight of portland cement, 52% parts by weight of fly-ash and rock dust mix, and 41% parts by weight of water suspension of loamy clay.
Any rock dust might be used for the preparation of the agent, provided that its granulation is similar to that of fly-ash, for instance calcareous, basaltic or dolomite dust might be used.
The clay which was used for the purpose had a granulometric composition in which the particles < 5 pm made up at least 60%, the mineral composition included kaolinite, hydromica and quartz. the chemical composition had the content of Al203 at about 20-28% and SiO2 content at about 50-60%. its transfer capacity was equal to 15-30 milligramme equivalent units on 100g of dry clay, and a core composition of transferable cations was represented by Ca” > Na‘ > K > M924’.
The agent can be applied in a fresh water environment with low mineral content.
The sealing agent is to be prepared outdoors. close to the construction site of a waterproof barrier, using the following tools: —— a clay mixer; —- a vibratory sieve for separation of small stones, sand and other particles from the ciay and water suspension; - a tank for storage of the suspension; — a set of pumps and a piping system for pumping the suspension and for water Supply; - a silo and a feeding device for the supply of fly-ash and, optionally, a silo with a rock dust feeder; - a silo and a feeding device for the supply of cement; — a paddle mixer; — a tank for periodic storage of the suspension of the sealing agent.
The preparation of the sealing agent is a two-stage process.
First, the basic suspension of clay with a density of 1.18 Mglma is to made.
To prepare the suspension, an appropriate amount of water should be poured into a clay mixer, and while the mixer is operational, an appropriate amount of clay should be added gradually. The density of the suspension should be tested from time to time. If too dense, add water to dilute until you get the desired density of the basic suspension.
The process of preparation of the basic suspension is considered completed when the density parameters of the suspension are stabilised and as required. in the next step the basic suspension is poured onto vibratory slaves and directed towards a storage tank. The production cycle is then repeated with a new portion of ingredients until an appropriate amount of the suspension is produced.
To prevent sedimentation of the stored suspension while new portions are being produced. it should periodically be pumped around in a tank - pump - tank cycle. The production of the suspension of the refonnulated sealing agent is made at the second stage of the process, which takes place just before using the sealing agent at the waterproof barrier construction site.
To make the sealing agent itself. an appropriate amount of the basic suspension should be pumped into a paddle mixer, to which an appropriate amount of cement should added next._ All substances shail be mixed for at least 5 to 10 minutes. While the ingredients are being paddled, an appropriate amount of fly-ash with an optional addition of rock dust should be added gradually. Density tests should be made from time to time to check the parameters.
To get the desired density of the basic suspension water should be added to dilute until the suspension achieves an appropriate density. The process of preparation of the suspension of the sealing agent is considered completed when the density parameters of the suspension are stabilised and as required.
Next, the ready to use sealing agent is collected in a second tank, from which it is pumped directly to the waterproof barrier construction site.
When an appropriate amount of the sealing agent has been piped into the place or there is a break in the piping process lasting more than 15 - 20 minutes, the pumps, piping system and the storage tank for the sealing agent shouid be washed with water.
Example ii.
The sealing agent for waterproof barriers contains 3% parts by weight of portland cement, 50% parts by weight of fly-ash with an increased content of CaO and 47% by weight of water suspension of loamy clay characterized by the parameters specified in Example I. The agent is to be applied in a fresh water environment.
The preparation of the sealing agent is a two stage process as described in Example 1.
Example Ill.
The sealing agent for waterproof barriers contains 5% parts by weight of portland cement resistant to sulphates, 45% parts by weight of fly-ash and 50% by weight of water solution of loamy clay meeting the parameters specified in Example I. The agent can be applied both in a fresh and sea water environment.
The preparation of the sealing agent is a two stage process as described in Example I.
Claims (1)
1.40 to 1.65 Mg/m3. A sealing agent as claimed in claim 5, wherein the density of the suspension not less than 1.45 MgIm3. A sealing agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 comprising 5-1 5% by weight of cement, 45-65% by weight of fly-ash and 30-60% by weight of a water suspension of clay which contains an amount of water so that the density of freshly made suspension of ready to use agent equals 1.40 - 1.65 Mglm3. A sealing agent for waterproof barriers substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the Examples.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PLPOLAND31/03/2006P379347 | |||
| PL379347A PL208788B1 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2006-03-31 | Sealing agent for creation of hydroinsulating shields |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IE20070208A1 IE20070208A1 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
| IE86059B1 true IE86059B1 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
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