IE79083B1 - Gas cylinders - Google Patents

Gas cylinders

Info

Publication number
IE79083B1
IE79083B1 IE940356A IE940356A IE79083B1 IE 79083 B1 IE79083 B1 IE 79083B1 IE 940356 A IE940356 A IE 940356A IE 940356 A IE940356 A IE 940356A IE 79083 B1 IE79083 B1 IE 79083B1
Authority
IE
Ireland
Prior art keywords
gas
cylinders
bank
gas cylinder
cylinder
Prior art date
Application number
IE940356A
Other versions
IE940356A1 (en
Inventor
Evelyn Arthur Shervington
Rohintan Sheriar Irani
Original Assignee
Boc Group Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB939308488A external-priority patent/GB9308488D0/en
Priority claimed from GB939310870A external-priority patent/GB9310870D0/en
Application filed by Boc Group Plc filed Critical Boc Group Plc
Publication of IE940356A1 publication Critical patent/IE940356A1/en
Publication of IE79083B1 publication Critical patent/IE79083B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0114—Shape cylindrical with interiorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0617—Single wall with one layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0142—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0335—Check-valves or non-return valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use

Abstract

A bank of gas cylinders 22 includes at least one cylinder 1 having a major portion of its body 2 coated with heat insulation material 4. To fill the cylinders 22, the cylinder 1 is first filled via a three way filler valve 6 with gas in liquid state which is subsequently allowed to boil. The boiled gas then passes through a gas line 24 via a one-way valve 26 and heat exchange 28 into the cylinders 22. The insulated cylinder may be of chrome molybdenum steel, stainless steel or aluminium and the insulation may be of high density expanded polystyrene. <IMAGE>

Description

The present invention relates to gas cylinder installations and in particular to high pressure gas cylinder installations for industrial applications.
The costs involved in supplying compressed gases to industrial customers can be broken 5 down as follows:a) The cost of producing and/or purifying the gas; b) filling or compressing the gas into high pressure gas cylinders; and c) distributing the high pressure gas cylinders to the customer.
It is an aim of the present invention to reduce the cost of filling and distributing high pressure gas cylinders to customers by using specially prepared gas cylinders in conjunction with liquefied gases to provide an economic means of recharging commercially available gas cylinders on the customer’s premises. invention According to one aspect of the present^ method of filling a bank of gas cylinders with a gas under pressure comprises the steps of: a) filling via a three-way filler valve a gas cylinder having at least a major portion of its body coated with a heat insulation material with said gas in liquid state; b) allowing the liquid boil; and c) subsequently passing said gas through a gas line and into one or more of the bank of cylinders. -θ According to a further aspect of the present invention, a gas cylinder installation comprises a bank of gas cylinders including at least one gas cylinder provided with a three-way filler valve and having at least a major portion of its body coated with a heat insulation material, and a gas line extending from the filler valve and which communicates with the interior of one or more of the remaining gas cylinders of said bank of gas cylinders.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example, reference being made to the Figures of the accompanying diagrammatic drawings in which:2 Figure 1 is a cross-section through a gas cylinder; and Figure 2 illustrates the gas cylinder of Figure 1 forming part of a gas cylinder installation. ? As shown, a gas cylinder 1 includes an outer body 2 of, for example, a cryogenically * compatible material such as chrome molybdenum steel, stainless steel or aluminium, the interior surface of which body 2 is coated with a heat insulation material 4.
Preferably, the material 4 is a high density expanded polystyrene insulation material, for example, about 140 Kg/cm3 having a thickness of up to 20mm. The material 4 can be applied to the inner surface of the body 2 by any known technique, for example, by spraying.
At the top (as shown) of the cylinder 1 is a three-way valve 6 having an inlet 8 for cryogenic liquid gas; an outlet 10 controlled by a ullage valve 12 and a further outlet 14 for gas.
A particular advantage of the gas cylinder 1 becomes evident when it forms part of a gas cylinder installation on a customer's premises which installation includes a plurality of known commercially available cylinders 22.
As shown in Figure 2, a gas line 24 extends from the further outlet 14 and communicates with the interior of each gas cylinder 22 in series before finally connecting with a customer's supply line. Located in the gas line 24 is a pressure relief valve 26 and a heat exchanger 28.
In use, when it is desired to fill the bank of commercially available gas cylinders 22 with high pressure gas, the gas cylinder 1 is filled with a cryogenic liquid, e.g. oxygen, nitrogen or argon, via the inlet 8 in the three-way valve 6. The three-way valve 6 will allow the cylinder 1 to fill with liquid by allowing boil-off gas to bleed out during the filling operation through the outlet 10 and open ullage valve 12. Once the liquid is observed coming out of the ullage valve 1 2 the filling operation is stopped * and the ullage valve 12 is closed. Boiling gas from the cryogenic liquid now passes through the further outlet 14 into the gas line 24 where it enters the interiors of the I cylinders 22. The gas take-off from the cylinder 1 will soon fill the bank of cylinders 22 due to the heat inleak through the insulation material 4 within the cylinder 1 t which insulation 4 is selected and dimensioned to provide an inleak of heat to ensure that no embrittlement of the outer body 2 is possible. It has been found that under * 5 normal ambient temperature conditions the heat inleak will vaporise all the cryogenic liquid in the cylinder 1 within a period of 2 to 3 hours safely. The non-return valve 26 in the gas line 24 ensures that no impurities get back to the cylinder 1 and the heat exchanger 28 will ensure that cold gas does not get delivered to the bank of cylinders 22.
The capacity or quantity of the bank of cylinders 22 will depend on the liquid gas capacity of the cylinder 1, that is, a 50 litre water capacity cylinder when insulated would hold 38 litres of liquid nitrogen which, if hydrostatically full, is equivalent to 26 m3 of gas or about three cylinders at 200 bar and six cylinders at 100 bar.
Each cylinder 22 is in turn used until the overall pressure in the bank of cylinders has fallen below a predetermined economic operating pressure, for example, 25 bar at which point the cylinder 1 is refilled.
In a preferred embodiment the gas cylinder 1 is rated to 200 bar operating pressure.
A particular advantageof the gas cylinder 1 described in the above embodiment is that it is far cheaper and more robust than a vacuum insulated cryogenic vessel. 2θ Further, adequate pressures for normal use of compressed gases can easily be obtained and transport costs will be reduced as only cryogenic liquid rather than large quantities of steel cylinders need to be moved to a customers site.
Still further, filling costs will be reduced as liquid fill will be quick and pressure raising in the cylinders 22 will be accomplished through natural boil-off from the enclosed cryogenic liquid in the cylinder 1. .-4 Although in the above described embodiment the interior surface of the outer body 2 is completely coated with the heat insulation material 4, it will be appreciated that depending upon the materials used and the local conditions only a major portion of ? the interior surface need be so coated.
In an alternative embodiment particularly when an aluminium gas cylinder is used the outer surface of the aluminium gas cylinder can be covered with a heat insulation material.

Claims (10)

1. A method of filling a bank of gas cylinders with a gas under pressure comprising the steps of: a) filling via a three-way filler valve a gas cylinder having at least a major portion 5 - of its body coated with a heat insulation material with said gas in liquid state; b) allowing the liquid boil; and c) subsequently passing said gas through a gas line and into one or more of the bank of cylinders.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising the step of passing the gas through a heat 10 exchanger to elevate the temperature of the gas prior to delivery to said one or more of a bank of cylinders.
3. A gas cylinder installation comprising a bank of gas cylinders including at least one gas cylinder provided with a three-way filler valve and having at least a major portion of its body coated with a heat insulation material, and a gas line extending from the 15 filler valve and which communicates with the interior of one or more of the remaining . gas cylinders of said bank of gas cylinders.
4. A gas cylinder installation as claimed in claim 3, in which the gas line includes a nonreturn valve.
5. A gas cylinder installation as claimed in claim 3 or 4, in which the gas line includes a 20 heat exchanger.
6. A gas cylinder installation as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5, in which said at least one gas cylinder comprises an outer body having at least a major portion of its inner surface coated with a heat insulation material.
7. A gas-cylinder installation as claimed in claim 6, in which the outer body is made from 25 chrome molybdenum steel or stainless steel or aluminium.
8. A gas cylinder installation as claimed in claims 3 to 5, in which said at least one gas cylinder has at least a major portion of its outer surface covered with the heat insulation material.
9. A gas cylinder installation constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
10. A method of filling a bank of gas cylinders substantially as hereinbefore described. TOMKINS & CO.
IE940356A 1993-04-23 1994-04-21 Gas cylinders IE79083B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB939308488A GB9308488D0 (en) 1993-04-23 1993-04-23 Gas cylinders
GB939310870A GB9310870D0 (en) 1993-05-26 1993-05-26 Gas cylinders

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
IE940356A1 IE940356A1 (en) 1994-11-02
IE79083B1 true IE79083B1 (en) 1998-04-08

Family

ID=26302801

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
IE940356A IE79083B1 (en) 1993-04-23 1994-04-21 Gas cylinders

Country Status (3)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2277370B (en)
IE (1) IE79083B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ260233A (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT501577B1 (en) * 2004-04-09 2007-05-15 Franz Ing Stuhlbacher METHOD FOR FILLING A CONTAINER WITH A GAS
CN103261775A (en) 2010-12-16 2013-08-21 气体产品与化学公司 A process for filling a gas storage container
EP2466186A1 (en) 2010-12-16 2012-06-20 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. A process for filling a gas storage container
EP2466187A1 (en) 2010-12-16 2012-06-20 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. A gas storage container

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4894048A (en) * 1972-03-13 1973-12-04
GB1494622A (en) * 1974-01-28 1977-12-07 Shell Int Research Polyurethane foam
GB1438266A (en) * 1974-08-20 1976-06-03
US4987932A (en) * 1989-10-02 1991-01-29 Pierson Robert M Process and apparatus for rapidly filling a pressure vessel with gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2277370B (en) 1996-09-18
GB2277370A (en) 1994-10-26
GB9406097D0 (en) 1994-05-18
IE940356A1 (en) 1994-11-02
NZ260233A (en) 1995-02-24

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