GB736037A - Improvements in or relating to internal combustion turbine power plants - Google Patents

Abstract

736,037. Gas turbine plant. FINLAY, R. H. V. Feb. 27, 1953 [March 25, 1952], No. 5633/53. Class 110 (3). [Also in Groups XII, XIII, XXIV, XXXIV and XXXV] A gas turbine plant comprising two radial outward flow channels formed by the turbine casing on either side of the turbine rotor has at least one set of axially extending radial flow turbine blades arranged to operate in at least one of the channels, centrifugal compressor blades on the front face of the rotor, a combustion chamber to supply combustion gas to both channels and a heat exchanger to receive compressed air from the front channel and exhaust gas from the rear channel so as to heat the air supplied to the combustion chamber. Air passing through four inlets protected by screens 4, Fig. 2, is led through a tapering chamber 47 formed between the bearing end cover 43 and impeller cover 46 to the impeller vanes 48 which have their inlet edges curved forward in the direction of rotation to minimize the shock of the air as it enters the impeller. The vanes 48 merge into reaction turbine blades 49. The air from the blades 49 passes through a heat exchanger 11 to a combustion chamber 12 the gases from which pass through stator guide blades 61, Fig. 4, on to turbine blades 13 formed on the rear face of the rotor. A portion of the gases passes through openings 100 and mixes with the compressed air flowing into the turbine blades 49. The turbine exhaust gases pass through a passage formed by frustoconical members 51, 63 and combustion chamber air jacket 64 and airofoil section tubes 38 to the propulsion nozzle N. The air supply to the combustion chamber is heated when passing through the passage formed by the frustoconical member 51, 33 and the passages between the tubes 38. The rotor R is attached to a shaft S mounted in bearings 27, 28 by means of a nut 41 and pins 42. A centrifugal oil pump consisting of radial holes 71 in the impellers 66 sucks oil from the tank 67 through the filter 68 and discharges it in the form of an oil mist to the bearings. The outside flanks of the impellers 66 are also drilled radially to act as scavenge pumps which discharge through grooves 69 back to the tank. A double oil seal 44 and oil thrower 45 are mounted on the shaft S at one end of the bearing housing. At the other end two oil throwers 72 and a baffle 75 form a seal between the bearings and the fuel pump 16. A starter motor 17 is connected to the shaft S through a dog clutch 94. Fuel from the pump 16 passes through a passage 78 to a fuel control 18. The fuel passes from the passage 78 and filter 79 to the metering orifice 80. The control piston and valve 81 is lifted from its seat by a spring 82 the loading of which is varied by the lever 85. Fuel under pressure flows to the burner 32 through the passage 86 and through the passage 88 to the rear of the piston 87 so that any increase of pressure due to increase of the turbine and fuel pump speed will cause the valve to close. A friction pad 89 allows the lever 85 to retain any preset position. To start the plant the lever 85 is moved to the " ON " position, this closes a master switch to energize the starter motor 17, the ignition plug in the combustion chamber and the solenoid 96 to engage the starting dog 94. When the combustion chamber ignites the engine speeds up and a pressure-sensitive switch connected to the compressor outlet breaks the circuit of the starter motor, ignition plug and solenoid 96. The plant may be used as a self-contained plant or may be used to supply working fluid to a separate power turbine. In the latter case, the power of the turbine may be varied by altering the number of plants in operation.