GB712097A - Improvements in the coking or cracking of oils, pitches and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

712,097. Coking pitch and like substances ; carbonization furnaces. RUTGERSWERKEAKT.-GES. Oct. 20, 1950 [Oct. 31, 1949], No. 25589/50. Classes 51 (2), 55 (1) and 55 (2) In a process for the coking of pitches, tar, coke-forming oils and like substances, the substance, preferably preheated, is led into a coking chamber heated to at least 1000‹ C. in the form of a stream or streams spaced from the side walls of the chamber. In the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 oils or pitches are injected through a nozzle 3 into a highly heated chamber 1 which is surrounded by a jacket 8, leaving an annular gap 10 through which heating gases are circulated. Gaseous products from the process are withdrawn through a pipe 14 and coke through a worm 21. The heating gases are fed to the annular gap 10 through a pipe 5, a channel 4 and passages 11, the passages 11 being of varying size to distribute the heating gases evenly in the annular gap. The flue gases leave by a pipe 18, tiles 16 with orifices 17 of various sizes being inserted between the pipe 18 and the annular gap 10 to assist in obtaining even heating of the chamber 1. In a modified apparatus shown in Fig. 2 the oil or pitch is injected downwardly into a chamber 23 through a series of nozzles 30, gaseous products are led off through an outlet 34 and coke is withdrawn by bucket wheels 36. Heating gases are admitted directly to the chamber through a series of burners 28 and pass together with the gaseous products from the coking of the oil or pitch into an annular flue 31 connecting with the outlet 34, a series of calibrated openings 32 securing even distribution of the heating gases within the chamber. The heating may be supported by partial combustion of the oil or pitch within the chamber or the injection of the oil or pitch into the chamber may be interrupted periodically while the temperature of the chamber is raised by the introduction of heating gases. Any residual volatile matter in the coke may be removed by a further heat treatment and a coke with a graphitic structure may be obtained. Specification 712,096 and U.S.A. Specification 1.909,587 are referred to.