GB609167A - Manufacture of artificial fibres - Google Patents
Manufacture of artificial fibresInfo
- Publication number
- GB609167A GB609167A GB7197/46A GB719746A GB609167A GB 609167 A GB609167 A GB 609167A GB 7197/46 A GB7197/46 A GB 7197/46A GB 719746 A GB719746 A GB 719746A GB 609167 A GB609167 A GB 609167A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- steam
- fibres
- nozzle
- polymer
- heated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/26—Formation of staple fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
- D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
Abstract
Synthetic fibres are formed from fusible fibre-forming organic polymers by a process comprising the rapid heating of the polymer under non-oxidizing conditions to a highly fluid state, forming a film from the polymer while it is still fluid, directing upon the said film a stream of inert elastic fluid in such a way as to cause portions of the film to be drawn off, the pressure and temperature of said inert fluid being regulated so as to cause the formation of either continuous fibres, staple fibres or mixtures of beads and fibres. Suitable polymeric materials are polystyrene, polyethylene, vinyls acrylate, acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers, alkyd resins, polyamides, natural or synthetic rubber. The inert elastic fluid is preferably super - heated steam. Suitable <PICT:0609167/IV(a)/1> apparatus for carrying out the invention is shown in the drawings. The polymer is heated in a vessel 5 which is provided with a heating jacket 6 and fitted with a combined agitator and screw means 7 which pumps the molten polymer to a constant delivery gear pump 13 which is also enclosed in a heating jacket 14. The gear pump 13 delivers the molten polymer to a metal fibre-forming nozzle assembly 17 which is connected in its turn to a steam line 18. The pressure of the steam is regulated by a valve 19 capable of maintaining a constant desired pressure. The assembly 17 is surrounded at about its middle point by an electric induction heater 20, a second induction heater 21 being placed close to the exit end of the nozzle assembly. The steam or other vapour leaves the assembly by a nozzle tip 22 and strikes a rotating drum 23 having a foraminated collecting surface 24 such as cotton cloth. This drum is mounted within a partly enclosed chamber 25 from which the expanded steam and atmospheric gases are removed by a vent 27. The nozzle assembly (Fig. 2) comprises a cylindrical metal member 30 internally positioned within a tubular metal casing 45. Extending through the member 30 are eight circumferentially arranged longitudinal passageways 31 which taper together toward the nozzle tip. A very slightly tapered metal rod 34 is positioned within each passageway by pins 36 to form an annular clearing space 35. The polymer inlet pipe 29 leads through the bushing 32 to a manifold space 33 communicating with the passageways. An annular depression in the other end of the member 30 forms a second manifold space 37 from which bores 38 converge into a common orifice 40 within the nozzle 22. Steam from the inlet pipe 18 passes along a central passageway 41 by means of inlets 43 and also along an annular passageway 42. The inlets 43 are so placed that they do not communicate with the polymer passageways 31. Steam passing along 42 enters an auxiliary nozzle chamber 46 formed by the nozzle cap 47 being threaded into the casing 45, the said chamber being so positioned as to have its orifice concentrically superimposed on the nozzle tip 22. Thus, an annular jet space 48 is provided which will blow into fibres any accumulation of molten polymer at the external end of the nozzle. The nozzle may be heated by means other than induction heaters. A film of polymer almost at its decomposition temperature flows along the central orifice 40, being propelled in the direction of the tip 22 by frictional contact with the steam passing along the central passageway 41. When steam at low velocity (such as a few hundred feet per minute) is employed, and at a temperature substantially the same as that of the polymer, the fibres are floated out into the atmosphere as continuous filaments having little or no molecular orientation. With steam velocities approaching the order (theoretical) of 20,000 to 80,000 feet per minute and at a temperature substantially the same as that of the polymer fibres of random staple lengths, considerably oriented and crimped are produced. Toward the higher limit of steam velocity the length of the fibres is decreased and the orientation lessened. At steam temperatures lower than that of the polymer atomization occurs, so that the proportion of beads to fibres can be controlled by varying the temperature. Beads in small proportion are an advantage when a felted mass is required. The fibres and bats formed can be employed as textile fibres or as heat insulators or moulding materials. In an example, polystyrene of average molecular weight 50,000 is heated to 200-260 DEG C. in a closed container and pumped into a fibre-forming nozzle. The nozzle tip temperature determined by a pyrometer was 380 DEG C. Steam at 100 lbs. per square inch pressure is super-heated to 315-400 DEG C. and fed into the steam passages of the nozzle assembly. The polystyrene leaves the nozzle at 370 DEG C. in the form of a tow or stream of kinky oriented staple fibres of average diameter 4 microns and of length 4 to 10 inches. With polymers of higher molecular weight, higher nozzle tip temperatures are required, and conversely the lower the average molecular weight the lower the nozzle tip temperature. Polymers contaminated with plasticisers or monomers may be utilized owing to the immediate vaporization of these materials on reaching the common orifice 40.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US583258A US2508462A (en) | 1945-03-17 | 1945-03-17 | Method and apparatus for the manufacture of synthetic staple fibers |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB609167A true GB609167A (en) | 1948-09-27 |
Family
ID=24332350
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB7197/46A Expired GB609167A (en) | 1945-03-17 | 1946-03-07 | Manufacture of artificial fibres |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2508462A (en) |
GB (1) | GB609167A (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1146797B (en) * | 1955-04-18 | 1963-04-04 | American Viscose Corp | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a tobacco smoke filter |
DE1150800B (en) * | 1955-04-18 | 1963-06-27 | American Viscose Corp | Process for the production of a strand or yarn from elastomeric material as well as strand produced by the process |
DE1225337B (en) * | 1956-08-28 | 1966-09-22 | Fmc Corp | Process for the production of fibers from thermoplastic, macromolecular substances |
FR2177925A1 (en) * | 1972-03-24 | 1973-11-09 | Celanese Corp | |
FR2189541A1 (en) * | 1972-05-26 | 1974-01-25 | Anic Spa | |
EP0173333A2 (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1986-03-05 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Extrusion process and an extrusion die with a central air jet |
EP0440383A1 (en) * | 1990-01-27 | 1991-08-07 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Apparatus for manufacturing nonwoven fabrics |
EP0601965A2 (en) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-06-15 | Fuisz Technologies Ltd. | Process for making shearform matrix |
EP0701010A1 (en) * | 1990-10-17 | 1996-03-13 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Meltblowing Die |
WO2000022207A2 (en) * | 1998-10-01 | 2000-04-20 | The University Of Akron | Process and apparatus for the production of nanofibers |
US6520425B1 (en) | 2001-08-21 | 2003-02-18 | The University Of Akron | Process and apparatus for the production of nanofibers |
US6695992B2 (en) | 2002-01-22 | 2004-02-24 | The University Of Akron | Process and apparatus for the production of nanofibers |
Families Citing this family (40)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2687552A (en) * | 1949-11-07 | 1954-08-31 | Inventa Ag | Process and apparatus for direct spinning of polyamides |
US2719776A (en) * | 1949-11-23 | 1955-10-04 | Inventa Ag | Elimination of monomers from lactampolymerization products |
US2683073A (en) * | 1951-08-22 | 1954-07-06 | Du Pont | Process for preventing nylon gel formation |
DE1037117B (en) * | 1952-03-11 | 1958-08-21 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the production of flakes from thermoplastic, in particular fusible synthetic fibers |
US3156028A (en) * | 1958-06-03 | 1964-11-10 | Du Pont | Process for crimping textile yarn |
US3169089A (en) * | 1960-04-22 | 1965-02-09 | Celanese Corp | Filaments |
US3166613A (en) * | 1962-02-08 | 1965-01-19 | Eastman Kodak Co | Polyolefin powder process |
GB1070257A (en) * | 1964-07-24 | 1967-06-01 | Chemcell 1963 Ltd | Spinning thermoplastic polymer filaments |
US3347959A (en) * | 1964-10-08 | 1967-10-17 | Little Inc A | Method and apparatus for forming wire from molten material |
DE1435466A1 (en) * | 1964-10-24 | 1969-03-20 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | Process for the production of textile fiber products |
DE1469501A1 (en) * | 1964-12-24 | 1969-01-23 | Glanzstoff Ag | Process for the production of felt-like surface structures |
US3543332A (en) * | 1966-09-21 | 1970-12-01 | Celanese Corp | Apparatus for producing fibrous structures |
DE2028751A1 (en) * | 1970-06-11 | 1971-12-16 | Basf Ag | Process for the production of plastic mixtures |
US3743272A (en) * | 1971-04-12 | 1973-07-03 | Crown Zellerbach Corp | Process of forming polyolefin fibers |
DE2126856B2 (en) * | 1971-05-27 | 1972-11-23 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | METAL POWDER MANUFACTURING METAL PROCESS AND DEVICE |
JPS5116533B1 (en) * | 1971-06-01 | 1976-05-25 | ||
NL171825C (en) * | 1973-01-22 | 1983-05-16 | Stamicarbon | PROCESS FOR PREPARING POLYMER FIBERS |
US3981959A (en) * | 1973-11-12 | 1976-09-21 | Leesona Corporation | Pelletizing method |
US4081226A (en) * | 1974-01-18 | 1978-03-28 | Solvay & Cie. | Process for the manufacture of short fibrils and devices for carrying it out |
US4073850A (en) * | 1974-12-09 | 1978-02-14 | Rothmans Of Pall Mall Canada Limited | Method of producing polymeric material |
US4043717A (en) * | 1976-04-12 | 1977-08-23 | Valley Nitrogen Producers, Inc. | Sulphur granulator |
CH641844A5 (en) * | 1978-01-25 | 1984-03-15 | Akzo Nv | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A MULTI-COMPONENT THREAD WITH A MATRIX COMPONENT AND AT LEAST ONE SEGMENT COMPONENT. |
US4536361A (en) * | 1978-08-28 | 1985-08-20 | Torobin Leonard B | Method for producing plastic microfilaments |
US4582473A (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1986-04-15 | Usm Corporation | Polymer pelletizer |
US4818464A (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1989-04-04 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Extrusion process using a central air jet |
US4753834A (en) * | 1985-10-07 | 1988-06-28 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Nonwoven web with improved softness |
US4668566A (en) * | 1985-10-07 | 1987-05-26 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Multilayer nonwoven fabric made with poly-propylene and polyethylene |
US4778460A (en) * | 1985-10-07 | 1988-10-18 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Multilayer nonwoven fabric |
AU623381B2 (en) * | 1988-03-25 | 1992-05-14 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Spinning method employing melt-blowing method and melt-blowing die |
US5171512A (en) * | 1988-03-25 | 1992-12-15 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Melt-blowing method having notches on the capillary tips |
US6171433B1 (en) | 1996-07-17 | 2001-01-09 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Method of making polymer powders and whiskers as well as particulate products of the method and atomizing apparatus |
US6315806B1 (en) | 1997-09-23 | 2001-11-13 | Leonard Torobin | Method and apparatus for producing high efficiency fibrous media incorporating discontinuous sub-micron diameter fibers, and web media formed thereby |
US6183670B1 (en) | 1997-09-23 | 2001-02-06 | Leonard Torobin | Method and apparatus for producing high efficiency fibrous media incorporating discontinuous sub-micron diameter fibers, and web media formed thereby |
US20050106970A1 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2005-05-19 | Stanitis Gary E. | Melt processable perfluoropolymer forms |
US6814555B2 (en) * | 2001-03-09 | 2004-11-09 | Nordson Corporation | Apparatus and method for extruding single-component liquid strands into multi-component filaments |
US6565344B2 (en) | 2001-03-09 | 2003-05-20 | Nordson Corporation | Apparatus for producing multi-component liquid filaments |
US8021135B2 (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2011-09-20 | Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. | Mold apparatus for forming polymer and method |
EP2212079A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2010-08-04 | SABIC Innovative Plastics IP B.V. | System and method for forming polymer |
CN106457617A (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2017-02-22 | 沙特基础工业全球技术有限公司 | Induction heated mold apparatus with multimaterial core and method of using the same |
CN113802194B (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-07-15 | 宁波天诚化纤有限公司 | Polypropylene-polyethylene composite fiber spinning equipment |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE21814E (en) * | 1941-06-03 | Metal spbat gun | ||
USRE22494E (en) * | 1944-06-13 | Reduction of metals to a powder | ||
US1769181A (en) * | 1926-07-24 | 1930-07-01 | Jackson John Grant | Method of producing fibers from vitreous materials |
US1916402A (en) * | 1927-09-17 | 1933-07-04 | Allen Sherman Hoff Co | Method and apparatus for handling molten materials |
US2133235A (en) * | 1933-11-11 | 1938-10-11 | Owens Illinois Glass Co | Method and apparatus for making glass wool |
US2126411A (en) * | 1934-04-17 | 1938-08-09 | Johns Manville | Method for making mineral wool |
US2156316A (en) * | 1934-10-31 | 1939-05-02 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Apparatus for making fibrous materials |
US2219346A (en) * | 1936-08-19 | 1940-10-29 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Method and apparatus for producing fibrous material |
US2130948A (en) * | 1937-04-09 | 1938-09-20 | Du Pont | Synthetic fiber |
US2190153A (en) * | 1937-04-13 | 1940-02-13 | Taywal Corp | Gun for spraying metal |
CH215366A (en) * | 1938-11-15 | 1941-06-30 | Glasfasern A G | Method and device for the production of fibers from glass, slag and other substances that are plastic when heated. |
US2226447A (en) * | 1939-02-25 | 1940-12-24 | Reed Prentice Corp | Magnetic heater |
US2411660A (en) * | 1943-05-22 | 1946-11-26 | Fred W Manning | Method of making filter cartridges, abrasive sheets, scouring pads, and the like |
-
1945
- 1945-03-17 US US583258A patent/US2508462A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1946
- 1946-03-07 GB GB7197/46A patent/GB609167A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1150800B (en) * | 1955-04-18 | 1963-06-27 | American Viscose Corp | Process for the production of a strand or yarn from elastomeric material as well as strand produced by the process |
DE1146797B (en) * | 1955-04-18 | 1963-04-04 | American Viscose Corp | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a tobacco smoke filter |
DE1225337B (en) * | 1956-08-28 | 1966-09-22 | Fmc Corp | Process for the production of fibers from thermoplastic, macromolecular substances |
FR2177925A1 (en) * | 1972-03-24 | 1973-11-09 | Celanese Corp | |
FR2189541A1 (en) * | 1972-05-26 | 1974-01-25 | Anic Spa | |
EP0173333A2 (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1986-03-05 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Extrusion process and an extrusion die with a central air jet |
EP0173333A3 (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1988-03-02 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Extrusion process and an extrusion die with a central air jet |
EP0440383A1 (en) * | 1990-01-27 | 1991-08-07 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Apparatus for manufacturing nonwoven fabrics |
EP0701010A1 (en) * | 1990-10-17 | 1996-03-13 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Meltblowing Die |
EP0601965A2 (en) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-06-15 | Fuisz Technologies Ltd. | Process for making shearform matrix |
EP0601965A3 (en) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-08-31 | Fuisz Technologies Ltd | |
WO2000022207A2 (en) * | 1998-10-01 | 2000-04-20 | The University Of Akron | Process and apparatus for the production of nanofibers |
WO2000022207A3 (en) * | 1998-10-01 | 2000-08-24 | Univ Akron | Process and apparatus for the production of nanofibers |
US6382526B1 (en) | 1998-10-01 | 2002-05-07 | The University Of Akron | Process and apparatus for the production of nanofibers |
US6520425B1 (en) | 2001-08-21 | 2003-02-18 | The University Of Akron | Process and apparatus for the production of nanofibers |
US6695992B2 (en) | 2002-01-22 | 2004-02-24 | The University Of Akron | Process and apparatus for the production of nanofibers |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US2508462A (en) | 1950-05-23 |
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