GB423238A - Improvements in washing textiles, and preparations and washing liquors suitable therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

Detergents for washing yarns or textiles in water contain washing-agents, paraffin wax and dispersing-agents soluble in the wax. There may also be added 10--500 per cent relative to washing agent, of water-soluble alkali-metal salts, 10--2000 per cent of organic solvent difficulty soluble in water, and 5--25 per cent of starch, glue, or tragacanth, or other organic substance colloidally soluble in water. Suitable washing agents are:--sodium or potassium soaps; turkey red oil; acid sulphuric esters of alcohols of high m.w.; true sulphonic acids of aliphatic substances of high m.w.; alkylated aromatic sulphonic acids; sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonia, or amine-salts of the above esters and acids; and fatty acids obtained by hydrolyzing fats or fatty oils such as sperm, cotton, linseed or sunflower oil. Alkali-metal salts specified are Glauber's salt, sodium or potassium silicate tri-sodium phosphate, borax and sodium or potassium carbonate, formate, acetate and fluoride. Solvents referred to are:--liquid aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. benzine, benzene, toluene, xylene; liquid chlorinated aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons e.g. carbon tetrachloride, trichlorethylene, monochlorbenzene; hydroaromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. tetra- and deca-hydronaphthalene. alcohols, e.g. cyclohexanol, amyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, and ethylene glycol monomethyl or ethyl ethers. Suitable dispersing agents are:--esters, amides, or ester-amides obtained from saturated or unsaturated fatty acid, e.g. stearic and oleic and amines containing hydroxy-alkyl groups; and products obtained by the action of excess of ethylene oxide or of polymerized glycol compounds or organic compounds containing hydroxy, carboxylic or amino groups. Those described in Specifications 306,116, 337,737, 337,774, [all in Class 91], 341,053, 343,899, 366,916, 367,585, and 372,005, and triethanolamine stearic acid ester or the formate, acetate or hydrochloride of such ester are especially suitable. For example, 100 kg. of white goods are washed at 98 DEG C., in a rotary washing machine, with 265 kg. of water, 0,5 kg. of potassium soap, 0,5 kg. of calcined sodium carbonate, 3,5 gm. of butyl naphthalene sulphonic acid sodium salt, 3,5 gm. of benzyl alcohol, 150 gm. of paraffin wax purified as described in Specification 359,722, and 7 gm. of a condensation product of oleic acid and triethanolamine.