GB401284A - Improvements in carrying out fermentations - Google Patents

Improvements in carrying out fermentations

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Publication number
GB401284A
GB401284A GB941732A GB941732A GB401284A GB 401284 A GB401284 A GB 401284A GB 941732 A GB941732 A GB 941732A GB 941732 A GB941732 A GB 941732A GB 401284 A GB401284 A GB 401284A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
spores
fermentation
mash
bacillus
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB941732A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Original Assignee
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IG Farbenindustrie AG filed Critical IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority to GB941732A priority Critical patent/GB401284A/en
Publication of GB401284A publication Critical patent/GB401284A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P1/00Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups C12P3/00 - C12P39/00, by using microorganisms or enzymes

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

Fermentations with bacteria, especially such as are capable of forming alcohols, carboxylic acids and/or ketones, for example, Bacillus butylicus, macerans, and butyricus, are carried out by directly inoculating large amounts, i.e. about 1 cubic metre or preferably more of a sterile, sugar containing liquid with spores of pure cultures, preferably on a sterile carrier such as clay, kieselguhr, or earth, and fermenting, instead of working with a series of intermediate cultures of increasing size. The spores of the bacteria are formed in the usual manner, in a suitable carbohydrate mash, the mash exhausted of nutrients, if desired, after partial evaporation in vacuo at temperatures not exceeding 60 or 70 DEG C., being decanted from the sludge of spores settling at the bottom of the vessel employed for their formation. The ratio of the volume of the culture thus obtained to that of the sugar containing liquid to be fermented may range from 1 : 100 to 1 : 3000. Alternatively, to the cultivation mash as soon as it has reached the maximum degree of fermentation, or to the exhausted mash, or to a sludge of spores obtained as above, there is added a quantity of sterile, neutral adsorbent such as charcoal, active carbon, silica gel, alumina, bleaching earths, sawdust, peat or the like sufficient to adsorb the spores. In carrying out the main fermentation, the temperature of the liquid should first be raised to 60-95 DEG C., to kill any bacteria not forming spores introduced with the spore culture, and only reduced to the normal fermentation temperature about an hour after the inoculation. After about 45 hours the liquid may be transferred to a final fermentation vessel 10 or 20 times as large, the mash in which need not be sterilized. A further quantity of more concentrated sugar containing liquid may be added to this final fermentation vessel after fermentation has commenced therein, and the addition may be repeated. Examples are given, according to one of which an aqueous solution of molasses is treated in the manner described above with Bacillus macerans, or a butyl or a butyric bacillus, the products obtained in the three cases being respectively a mixture of butanol, isopropanol, and acetone, a mixture of acetone and ethanol, and a mixture of volatile fatty acids. In a second example a liquid obtained by the saccharification of wood with dilute sulphuric acid is brought by an addition of calcium hydroxide to a pH value of 7,2 to 7,4, additions of secondary sodium and ammonium phosphate and of malt germs are made, and the fermentation is carried out with a culture of the spores of Bacillus butylicus as before. The methods of preparing the spore cultures used in the examples are described in detail. Specifications 20942/13, 278,307, [both in Class 14 (ii), Beverages &c.], and 349,490 are referred to.ALSO:Fermentations with bacteria, especially such as are capable of forming alcohols, carboxylic acids and/or ketones, for example, Bacillus butylicus, macerans, and butyricus, are carried out by directly inoculating large amounts, i.e. about 1 cubic metre or preferably more, of a sterile, sugar containing liquid with spores of pure cultures, preferably on a sterile carrier such as clay, kieselguhr, or earth, and fermenting, instead of working with a series of intermediate cultures of increasing size. The spores of the bacteria are formed in the usual manner, in a suitable carbohydrate mash, the mash exhausted of nutrients, if desired after partial evaporation in vacuo at temperatures not exceeding 60 or 70 DEG C., being decanted from the sludge of spores settling on the bottom of the vessel employed for their formation. The ratio of the volume of the culture thus obtained to that of the sugar containing liquid to be fermented may range from 1 : 100 to 1 : 3000. Alternatively, to the cultivation mash as soon as it has reached the maximum degree of fermentation, or to the exhausted mash, or to a sludge of spores obtained as above, there is added a quantity of sterile, neutral adsorbent such as charcoal, active carbon, silica gel, alumina, bleaching earths, sawdust, peat, or the like sufficient to adsorb the spores. In carrying out the main fermentation, the temperature of the liquid should first be raised to 60-95 DEG C. to kill any bacteria not forming spores introduced with the spore culture, and only reduced to the normal fermentation temperature about an hour after the inoculation. After about 45 hours the liquid may be transferred to a final fermentation vessel 10 or 20 times as large, the mash in which need not be sterilized. A further quantity of more concentrated sugar containing liquid may be added to this final fermentation vessel after fermentation has commenced therein, and the addition may be repeated. Examples are given, according to one of which an aqueous solution of molasses is treated in the manner described above with Bacillus macerans, or a butyl or a butyric bacillus, the products obtained in the three cases being respectively a mixture of butanol, isopropanol, and acetone, a mixture of acetone and ethanol, and a mixture of volatile fatty acids. In a second example a liquid obtained by the saccharification of wood with dilute sulphuric acid is brought by an addition of calcium hydroxide to a pH value of 7.2 to 7.4, additions of secondary sodium and ammonium phosphate and of malt germs are made, and the fermentation is carried out with a culture of the spores of bacillus butylicus as before. The methods of preparing the spore cultures used in the examples are described in detail. Specifications 20942/13, 278,307, [both in Class 14 (ii), Beverages &c.], and 349,490 are referred to.
GB941732A 1932-04-01 1932-04-01 Improvements in carrying out fermentations Expired GB401284A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB941732A GB401284A (en) 1932-04-01 1932-04-01 Improvements in carrying out fermentations

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB941732A GB401284A (en) 1932-04-01 1932-04-01 Improvements in carrying out fermentations

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB401284A true GB401284A (en) 1933-11-01

Family

ID=9871559

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB941732A Expired GB401284A (en) 1932-04-01 1932-04-01 Improvements in carrying out fermentations

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB401284A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008000809A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Biogasol Ipr Aps Production of fermentation products in biofilm reactors using microorganisms immobilised on sterilised granular sludge

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008000809A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Biogasol Ipr Aps Production of fermentation products in biofilm reactors using microorganisms immobilised on sterilised granular sludge

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