GB2620915A - Restraint strap - Google Patents

Restraint strap Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2620915A
GB2620915A GB2210599.3A GB202210599A GB2620915A GB 2620915 A GB2620915 A GB 2620915A GB 202210599 A GB202210599 A GB 202210599A GB 2620915 A GB2620915 A GB 2620915A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
restraint strap
swage
holes
around
end portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
GB2210599.3A
Other versions
GB202210599D0 (en
Inventor
Geet Wing Lo David
Gareth Simister Richard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bpc Building Products Ltd
Original Assignee
Bpc Building Products Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bpc Building Products Ltd filed Critical Bpc Building Products Ltd
Priority to GB2210599.3A priority Critical patent/GB2620915A/en
Publication of GB202210599D0 publication Critical patent/GB202210599D0/en
Priority to IE20230265A priority patent/IE20230265A2/en
Publication of GB2620915A publication Critical patent/GB2620915A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/2608—Connectors made from folded sheet metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4178—Masonry wall ties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
    • E04B7/04—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs supported by horizontal beams or the equivalent resting on the walls
    • E04B7/045—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs supported by horizontal beams or the equivalent resting on the walls with connectors made of sheet metal for connecting the roof structure to the supporting wall

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)

Abstract

A restraint strap comprising an L-formed strip defining an elongate end portion 102, an elongate main portion 104 and a bend region located therebetween, wherein the end portion is perpendicular to the main portion and the main portion is longer than the end portion. An X-shaped swage formation 112 is defined by a pair of opposed V-shaped portions 114, 116 connected by a central portion located substantially on the bend region. Further disclosed is a method of manufacturing the restraint strap with the swage extending outwardly on the bend.

Description

RESTRAINT STRAP
The present invention relates to a restraint strap for use in the construction industry and to a method of manufacturing a restraint strap.
It is known to use restraint straps, also known as tension straps to tie horizontal structures, such as timber roof trusses, rafters and floor joists, to vertical structures, such as masonry walls of a building, and in turn to create a diaphragm and prevent wall blow outs due to wind pressures and suction. Conventional restraint straps are typically formed from a strip of metal having an end elongate portion bent at 90 degrees to a main elongate portion to define an L-shape, wherein the main portion is longer than the end portion. In use, the downwardly extending end portion abuts an outer surface of a wall and the horizontally oriented main portion extends over or through the wall and is fixed to the timber structure by screws, nails, or the like.
Alternatively, for example, the main portion may be oriented vertically and fixed to the side of a masonry wall whilst the end portion is oriented horizontally and fixed to the top surface of a timber wall plate to thereby secure the timber wall plate to the top of the masonry wall. In view of the relatively high loads that can pass through the restraint straps, the stresses therein, particularly at the bend, can be relatively high and, as a result, such straps are at relatively high risk of failing in situ by fracture or fatigue.
GB2423532B attempts to address this problem by providing a strap having turned-up edges around the outside of the bend to define a channel-shaped bend and increase the bending stiffness of the strap at the bend compared to the bending stiffness of a continuously flat restraint strap. However, the upturned channel edges around the bend are relatively high which can cause a block of a course of blocks laid on top of the strap to tilt inwardly before the mortar has set which is both time consuming and frustrating for the bricklayer. Furthermore, the relatively sharp channel edges extending from the vertical face of the wall can present a risk of injury during construction of the building and after the building has been constructed.
It is an aim of certain embodiments of the present invention to provide an improved restraint strap.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a restraint strap for a building, comprising: an L-formed strip defining an elongate end portion, an elongate main portion and a bend region located therebetween, wherein the end portion is oriented substantially perpendicularly with respect to the main portion and a length of the main portion is greater than a length of the end portion; and an X-shaped swage formation defined by a pair of opposed V-shaped portions connected by a central portion located substantially on the bend region.
the swage formation extends outwardly from the strip.
Optionally, a central axis of each V-shaped portion is substantially coaxial with a longitudinal axis of the strap.
Optionally, a base surface of the swage formation is substantially flat.
Optionally, each V-shaped portion is defined by a pair of substantially straight swaged fingers which are angled with respect to each other by around 25 to 45 20 degrees, and optionally by around 36 degrees.
Optionally, each swage finger is around 25-70mm long, around 5-15mm wide, and around 2-5mm deep.
Optionally, each swage finger comprises a curved end region.
Optionally, the strap comprises a through hole located between or at least proximal to the respective swaged fingers defining an opening of at least one of the V-shaped portions.
Optionally, the through hole is substantially teardrop-shaped, wherein a wide portion of the through hole is distal to the bend region.
Optionally, each of the main portion and end portion of the strip comprise a plurality of through holes for fixing the strap to a respective support surface.
Optionally, the plurality of through holes comprises repeating sets of spaced apart through holes, wherein each set comprises a relatively wide hole located between a pair of relatively narrow holes.
Optionally, the wide hole of each set is located centrally between the narrow holes of the corresponding set.
Optionally, each wide hole is located on a longitudinal axis of the strap.
Optionally, a straight line passing through the axes of each of the holes in each set of holes is angled with respect to the longitudinal axis of the strap by an angle of 15 between around 15 and 45 degrees, and optionally around 20 degrees.
Optionally, corresponding holes of each adjacent sets of holes are spaced equally apart in a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the strap.
Optionally, a length of the main portion is greater than a length of the end portion.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of manufacturing a restraint strap for a building, comprising: forming an X-shaped swage formation in a strip of metal, wherein the swage 25 formation is defined by a pair of opposed V-shaped portions connected by a central portion; and bending the strip to define an elongate end portion, an elongate main portion and a bend region located therebetween, wherein the end portion is oriented substantially perpendicularly with respect to the main portion, and wherein the central portion of the swage formation is located substantially on the bend region.
Optionally, the method comprises providing a plurality of spaced apart holes in each of the main portion and the end portion for fixing the strap to a respective support surface.
Optionally, the method comprises providing a through hole between or at least proximal to respective swaged fingers defining an opening of at least one of the V-shaped portions.
Optionally, the method comprises forming comprises forming the swage formation 10 from an inner surface of the strip such that the swage formation extends outwardly from the strip.
Description of the Drawings
Certain embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 illustrates an isometric top view of a restraint strap according to certain embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 illustrates a plan view of the strap of Figure 1; and Figure 3 illustrates a further example of the restraint strap according to certain embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As illustrated in the Figures, a restraint strap 100 according to certain embodiments of the present invention is formed from a strip of metal, such as a galvanised or zinc-coated mild steel, having an elongate end portion 102 bent at substantially ninety degrees to an elongate main portion 104 to define an L-shape, wherein the main portion is longer than the end portion. Aptly, the main portion 104 is around 1500mm long and the end portion 102 is around 100mm long. The strap is around 35mm wide and around 1.2 to 1.5 mm thick. The ends of the strap are squared off, i.e. straight edged, but may be curved/rounded or the like, and the edges of the strap may be chamfered. Of course, the strap may be any desired length, width and/or thickness to suit a particular application.
Each portion 102,104 includes a plurality of holes for fixing the strap to a respective support surface, i.e. of a wall and a timber structure, such a timber roof truss, rafter or floor joist, of a building being constructed. The plurality of holes includes repeating sets of spaced apart holes, wherein each set comprises a relatively wide hole 106 located centrally between a pair of relatively narrow holes 108. The wide holes 106 are located on a longitudinal axis of the strap. A straight line 110 passing through the axes of each of the three holes in each set of holes is angled with respect to the longitudinal axis of the strap. Aptly, the angle a is between around 15 and 45 degrees, and preferably around 20 degrees. Corresponding holes of each adjacent set of holes are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the strap by around 75mm. The relatively wide holes are around 6mm in diameter and the relatively narrow holes are around 4mm in diameter. The larger holes are for fixing the strap to masonry and the smaller holes are for fixing the strap to timber.
An X-shaped swage formation 112 is provided around the bend region of the strap such that it extends outwardly from the reflex (outer) side of the bend region, wherein the ninety-degree angle between the main portion and the end portion defines the inner side of the bend region. Alternatively, the swage formation 112 may extend from the inner side of the bend region to provide grooves in the outer surface of the strap. The X-shaped swage formation 112 is defined by a pair of opposed V-shaped portions 114,116 which connect at their respective points/apexes to define a central portion 118 of the X-shaped swage formation 112. The central portion 118 is located substantially on the bend, i.e. the fold line which defines the end portion 102 and the main portion 104 of the strap 100, such that a first one of the V-shaped portions 114 extends from the bend towards the free end of the main portion 104 of the strap and a second one of the V-shaped portions 116 extends from the bend towards the free end of the end portion 102 of the strap.
Each V-shaped portion 114,116 is defined by a pair of substantially straight swaged fingers which are angled with respect to each other by around 25 to 45 degrees, and aptly around 36 degrees. Alternatively, a longitudinal axis of each finger may be curved, e.g. the corresponding fingers of each V-shaped portion may initially diverge from the central portion 118 but then start converging towards each other before terminating at their free ends. A central axis of each V-shaped portion is substantially coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the strap such that each swaged finger is angled by around 12.5 to 22.5 degrees, and aptly around 18 degrees, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the strap. Each swaged finger is around 25-70mm long and preferably around 44mm long. Aptly, each swaged finger is around 5-15mm wide and preferably around 10.4mm wide. Aptly, each swaged finger is around 2-5mm deep and preferably around 2.7mm deep. The swaged fingers may however have different dimensions depending on the size of the strip and/or the application for the strap, i.e. heavy or light duty. Further alternatively, the swaged fingers of the first V-shaped portion of the main portion may be longer than the swaged fingers of the second V-shaped portion of the end portion, or vice versa.
Aptly, the base of the X-shaped swage 112, i.e. the base of each swaged finger and the central portion 118, is substantially flat, i.e. substantially parallel with the upper and lower surfaces of the respective portion 102,104 of the strap. Alternatively, the base of the X-shaped swage may be curved to transition smoothly into the inner side surfaces of the swaged fingers for example. The base of each swaged finger has a curved end region, distal to the central portion 118 of the X-shaped swage 112, which has a radius of curvature of around 3mm. Aptly, the base of the central portion 118 at the fold line of the bend is around 7.5mm wide and the maximum width of the swage at the central portion is around 10.5mm. Aptly, an angle between the base and each inner side surface of the swaged fingers is around 112.5 degrees. One of the relatively wide holes 106 is located between, or at least proximal to, the ends of the respective swaged fingers defining the opening of each V-shaped portion.
The X-shaped swage 112 extending around the bend of the strap in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention desirably increases the bending stiffness and strength of the bend region without presenting any outwardly extending edges on the reflex (outer) side of the bend which could otherwise present a risk of injury during construction of the building and after the building has been constructed. Each swaged finger also helps to transfer forces from the bend region to and across the respective portion 102,104 of the strap, whilst minimising stress concentrations and failure in use by fracture or fatigue. Furthermore, the X-shaped swage 112 acts as a key for securing the strap in mortar which is applied thereon before the next course of blocks is laid. Each swaged finger provides a cavity which may also receive mortar and provide further security, particularly when the X-shaped swage formation extends from the inner side of the bend region to provide grooves in the outer surface of the strap. Each V-shaped portion resists a translational force acting in use on the respective portion 102,104 of the strap to thereby anchor the strap in situ within the set mortar. The through hole located between, or at least proximal to, the end of each V-shaped portion allows mortar therein to further anchor the strap within the mortar when set if the hole is not used as a nail/screw fixing hole.
As illustrated in Figure 3, the curved outer surface of the central portion 118 of the X-shaped swage formation 112 may share the same centre of curvature as the outer surface of the bend region to each side of the central portion. The swage formation of the strap illustrated in Figure 3 has a substantially flat base to thereby define a substantially flat outer surface. Such a configuration may be desirable if the X-shape swage formation extended from the inner surface to thereby provide a substantially flat surface for engagement with an underlying block of the wall to promote stability of the strap thereon during installation. Aptly, the strap may also include a teardrop-shaped aperture 120 located between, or at least proximal to, the free ends of the respective swaged fingers defining each V-shaped portion of the X-shaped swage formation 112, wherein the wider portion of the aperture is distal to the bend region. Alternatively, the aperture may be substantially triangular for example which also defines a wide portion tapering to a narrow portion. Aptly, the tapering edges of the aperture 120 may be substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of a corresponding one of the swaged fingers. The aperture 120 desirably acts as a mortar key to further anchor the strap when located in set mortar between two courses of blocks in use.
To manufacture the illustrated restraint strap 100 according to certain embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of holes 106,108, and optionally the mortar key aperture 120, are first provided in the strip of metal by, for example, punching or drilling. The X-shaped swage 112 is then formed into the strip where the bend region is to be located by, for example, pressing or rolling forming. The strip is then bent to define the end portion 102 and the main portion 104 and such that the central portion 118 of the X-shaped swage 112 is located substantially on the bend. The end portion 102 may be urged beyond its desired position towards the main portion to accommodate the resilience of the material such that the end portion springs back slightly into the desired position when the bending force has been removed from the strip.
Certain embodiments of the present invention therefore provide an improved restraint strap for securely tying horizontal and vertical surfaces of different structures/members together, wherein the strap has an increased bending stiffness and strength, a smooth outer surface at and around the bend region, and anchor features for securely fixing the strap in mortar when in situ.

Claims (20)

  1. Claims 1. A restraint strap for a building, comprising: an L-formed strip defining an elongate end portion, an elongate main portion and a bend region located therebetween, wherein the end portion is oriented substantially perpendicularly with respect to the main portion and a length of the main portion is greater than a length of the end portion; and an X-shaped swage formation defined by a pair of opposed V-shaped portions connected by a central portion located substantially on the bend region.
  2. 2. The restraint strap according to claim 1, wherein the swage formation extends outwardly from the strip.
  3. 3. The restraint strap according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a central axis of each V-shaped portion is substantially coaxial with a longitudinal axis of the strap.
  4. 4. The restraint strap according to any preceding claim, wherein a base surface of the swage formation is substantially flat. 20
  5. 5. The restraint strap according to any preceding claim, wherein each V-shaped portion is defined by a pair of substantially straight swaged fingers which are angled with respect to each other by around 25 to 45 degrees, and optionally by around 36 degrees.
  6. 6. The restraint strap according to claim 5, wherein each swage finger is around 25-70mm long, around 5-15mm wide, and around 2-5mm deep.
  7. 7. The restraint strap according to claim 5 or 6, wherein each swage finger comprises a curved end region.
  8. 8. The restraint strap according to any of claims 5 to 7, comprising a through hole located between or at least proximal to the respective swaged fingers defining an opening of at least one of the V-shaped portions.
  9. 9.
  10. 10.
  11. 11.
  12. 12.
  13. 13.
  14. 14.
  15. 15.
  16. 16.The restraint strap according to claim 8, wherein the through hole is substantially teardrop-shaped, wherein a wide portion of the through hole is distal to the bend region.The restraint strap according to any preceding claim, wherein each of the main portion and end portion of the strip comprise a plurality of through holes for fixing the strap to a respective support surface.The restraint strap according to claim 10, wherein the plurality of through holes comprises repeating sets of spaced apart through holes, wherein each set comprises a relatively wide hole located between a pair of relatively narrow holes.The restraint strap according to claim 11, wherein the wide hole of each set is located centrally between the narrow holes of the corresponding set.The restraint strap according to claim 12, wherein each wide hole is located on a longitudinal axis of the strap.The restraint strap according to any of claims 11 to 13, wherein a straight line passing through the axes of each of the holes in each set of holes is angled with respect to the longitudinal axis of the strap by an angle of between around 15 and 45 degrees, and optionally around 20 degrees.The restraint strap according to claim 14, wherein corresponding holes of each adjacent sets of holes are spaced equally apart in a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the strap.The restraint strap according to any preceding claim, wherein a length of the main portion is greater than a length of the end portion.
  17. 17. A method of manufacturing a restraint strap for a building, comprising: forming an X-shaped swage formation in a strip of metal, wherein the swage formation is defined by a pair of opposed V-shaped portions connected by a central portion; and bending the strip to define an elongate end portion, an elongate main portion and a bend region located therebetween, wherein the end portion is oriented substantially perpendicularly with respect to the main portion, and wherein the central portion of the swage formation is located substantially on the bend region.
  18. 18. The method according to claim 17, comprising providing a plurality of spaced apart holes in each of the main portion and the end portion for fixing the strap to a respective support surface.
  19. 19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, comprising providing a through hole between or at least proximal to respective swaged fingers defining an opening of at least one of the V-shaped portions.
  20. 20. The method according to any of claims 17 to 19, wherein forming comprises forming the swage formation from an inner surface of the strip such that the swage formation extends outwardly from the strip.
GB2210599.3A 2022-07-20 2022-07-20 Restraint strap Pending GB2620915A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2210599.3A GB2620915A (en) 2022-07-20 2022-07-20 Restraint strap
IE20230265A IE20230265A2 (en) 2022-07-20 2023-07-11 Restraint Strap

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2210599.3A GB2620915A (en) 2022-07-20 2022-07-20 Restraint strap

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB202210599D0 GB202210599D0 (en) 2022-08-31
GB2620915A true GB2620915A (en) 2024-01-31

Family

ID=84540125

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB2210599.3A Pending GB2620915A (en) 2022-07-20 2022-07-20 Restraint strap

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2620915A (en)
IE (1) IE20230265A2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230086300A1 (en) * 2021-09-21 2023-03-23 John H. Koester Retrofit brick tie

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2287488A (en) * 1994-03-14 1995-09-20 Mitek Inc Restraint strap for use in buildings
DE29718172U1 (en) * 1997-10-14 1997-11-27 GH-Baubeschläge Hartmann GmbH, 32549 Bad Oeynhausen Angle connector
US20050072099A1 (en) * 2003-10-06 2005-04-07 Charles Roesset Top flange stud to plate tie
GB2423532A (en) * 2005-02-23 2006-08-30 Simpson Strong Tie Int Inc Restraining strap
GB2555188A (en) * 2016-08-01 2018-04-25 Teco Building Products Building strap

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2287488A (en) * 1994-03-14 1995-09-20 Mitek Inc Restraint strap for use in buildings
DE29718172U1 (en) * 1997-10-14 1997-11-27 GH-Baubeschläge Hartmann GmbH, 32549 Bad Oeynhausen Angle connector
US20050072099A1 (en) * 2003-10-06 2005-04-07 Charles Roesset Top flange stud to plate tie
GB2423532A (en) * 2005-02-23 2006-08-30 Simpson Strong Tie Int Inc Restraining strap
GB2555188A (en) * 2016-08-01 2018-04-25 Teco Building Products Building strap

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230086300A1 (en) * 2021-09-21 2023-03-23 John H. Koester Retrofit brick tie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IE20230265A2 (en) 2024-04-24
GB202210599D0 (en) 2022-08-31

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