GB2618694A - Nickel-doped cobalt carbonate, and preparation method therefor and use thereof - Google Patents

Nickel-doped cobalt carbonate, and preparation method therefor and use thereof Download PDF

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GB2618694A
GB2618694A GB2310283.3A GB202310283A GB2618694A GB 2618694 A GB2618694 A GB 2618694A GB 202310283 A GB202310283 A GB 202310283A GB 2618694 A GB2618694 A GB 2618694A
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nickel
carbonate
solution
cobalt
preparation
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Lu Xinghua
Li Changdong
Ruan Dingshan
Liu Genghao
Li Bin
Cai Yong
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Hunan Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd
Guangdong Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd
Hunan Bangpu Automobile Circulation Co Ltd
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Hunan Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd
Guangdong Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd
Hunan Bangpu Automobile Circulation Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
    • C01G51/06—Carbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
    • C01G51/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
    • C01G51/40—Cobaltates
    • C01G51/42—Cobaltates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
    • C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
    • C01P2002/54—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants one element only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are nickel-doped cobalt carbonate, and a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. The method comprises: mixing a first carbonate solution and a nickel salt solution to react same, and controlling the temperature and pH to obtain a nickel carbonate seed crystal, wherein the first carbonate is one or two of sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate; mixing the nickel carbonate seed crystal, a cobalt salt solution and an ammonium bicarbonate solution to react same, and controlling the temperature and pH to obtain a nickel-doped cobalt carbonate slurry; and subjecting the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate slurry to solid-liquid separation, and washing and drying same to obtain nickel-doped cobalt carbonate. According to the present invention, a spherical nickel carbonate seed crystal is first prepared by using a nickel salt and sodium carbonate, a cobalt salt and ammonium bicarbonate are then added thereto to prepare cobalt carbonate, and nickel-doped cobalt carbonate is finally obtained; and after the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate is subjected to thermal decomposition, internal nickel can migrate outwards so as to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor material with nickel being uniformly distributed therein.

Description

NICKEL-DOPED COBALT CARBONATE, AND PREPARATION METHOD AND
USE THEREOF
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of lithium-ion battery (LIB) cathode material precursors, and specifically relates to nickel-doped cobalt carbonate, and a preparation method and use thereof.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Due to high energy density, lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) cathode materials are mainly used in the 3C field. With the popularization of 5G mobile phones, requirements on the life and size of LIB continue to increase. As a precursor of an LCO cathode material, cobaltosic oxide is prepared by subjecting cobalt carbonate to thermal decomposition. The doping of nickel in a cobalt carbonate precursor helps to improve a specific discharge capacity of a material at a high voltage (4.45 V and higher). Since a solubility product of nickel carbonate is much higher than a solubility product of cobalt carbonate, in a process of synthesizing nickel-doped cobalt carbonate through co-precipitation, a nickel content in a supernatant is relatively high due to a low precipitation rate of nickel, which increases a cost of wastewater treatment and makes it difficult to realize industrial production.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0003] The present disclosure is intended to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. In view of this, the present disclosure provides nickel-doped cobalt carbonate, and a preparation method and use thereof.
[0004] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a preparation method of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate is provided, including the following steps: [0005] S I: mixing a first carbonate solution with a nickel salt solution to allow a reaction at a controlled temperature and a controlled pH to obtain a nickel carbonate seed crystal, where the first carbonate is one or two from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; [0006] 52: mixing the nickel carbonate seed crystal, a cobalt salt solution, and an ammonium bicarbonate solution to allow a reaction at a controlled temperature and a controlled pH to obtain a nickel-doped cobalt carbonate slurry; and [0007] S3: subjecting the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate slurry to solid-liquid separation (SLS), and washing and drying a resulting product to obtain the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate. [0008] In some implementations of the present disclosure, Si may specifically include: adding a second carbonate solution as a base solution, and simultaneously adding the first carbonate solution and the nickel salt solution to the base solution to allow a reaction at a controlled temperature and a controlled pH to obtain the nickel carbonate seed crystal, where the second carbonate is one or two from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate.
[0009] In some implementations of the present disclosure, in Sl, the base solution may have a concentration of 0.5 mol/L to 1.5 mol/L: and preferably, the base solution may have a pH of 8.5 to 9.5.
[0010] In some implementations of the present disclosure, in SI, the reaction may be conducted at a temperature of 38°C to 42°C and a pH of 8.0 to 9.0.
room In some preferred implementations of the present disclosure, S1 may more specifically include: adding the second carbonate solution as a base solution to a reactor, where a temperature is controlled at 38°C to 42°C; and feeding the nickel salt solution and the sodium carbonate solution in concurrent flow under stirring until a particle size of a resulting product grows to a target value to obtain the nickel carbonate seed crystal, where a pH of the reaction is maintained at 8.0 to 9.0 by controlling a flow rate of the sodium carbonate solution. The pH of the base solution, the temperature and time for seed crystal synthesis can be adjusted to control a particle size of the nickel carbonate seed crystal and thus control a nickel content in a final sample.
[0012] In some implementations of the present disclosure, in Si, the nickel salt may be one or two from the group consisting of nickel chloride and nickel sulfate.
[0013] In some implementations of the present disclosure, in 51, nickel ions in the nickel salt solution may have a concentration of 1.5 mol/L to 2.0 mol/L, and the first carbonate solution may have a concentration of 1.5 mon to 2.5 mol/L. Preferably, the nickel salt solution may be fed for 10 h to 20 h at a flow rate of 2 L/h to 3 Uh.
[0014] In some implementations of the present disclosure, in S2, the cobalt salt may be one or two from the group consisting of cobalt chloride and cobalt sulfate.
[0015] In some implementations of the present disclosure, in S2, the reaction may be conducted at a temperature of 45°C to 55°C and a p1-1 of 7.0 to 7.5.
[0016] In some implementations of the present disclosure, S2 may specifically include: concurrently feeding the cobalt. salt solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution to the reactor with the nickel carbonate seed crystal, where a temperature is controlled at 45°C to 55°C and a pH of the reaction is maintained at 7.0 to 7.5 by controlling a flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution; and when a liquid level in the reactor reaches a specified height, starting concentrating the liquid and continuously feeding the cobalt salt solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution to maintain the liquid level in the reactor relatively stable until a particle size of a resulting product grows to a target value to obtain the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate slurry. The synthesis of the nickel carbonate seed crystal and the growth of cobalt carbonate particles can be completed in the same reactor, which requires low reaction temperature and low energy consumption; and the synthesis efficiency is improved through the concentrating procedure.
[0017] In some implementations of the present disclosure, in S 1, the nickel carbonate seed crystal may have a particle size D50 of 2 pm to 5 pm; and in S3, the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate may have a particle size D50 of 8 gm to 20 pm. Further, nickel in the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate may have a mass fraction of 0.1% to 2%.
[NM In some implementations of the present disclosure, in S2, cobalt ions in the cobalt salt solution may have a concentration of 1.6 mol/L to 2.4 mol/L, and the ammonium bicarbonate solution may have a concentration of 2.0 mol/L to 3.0 mol/L; and preferably, the cobalt salt solution may be fed at a flow rate of 2 L/h to 3 L/h.
[0019] In some implementations of the present disclosure, in S3, the washing may be conducted for 10 min to 30 min with hot pure water of 70°C to 80°C; and preferably, the drying may be conducted at 100°C to 110°C. Further, a dried material obtained may have a moisture content of less than 1%.
[0020] In some implementations of the present disclosure, in S3 after the drying, sieving may also be conducted with a 300 to 400-mesh sieve.
[0021] The present disclosure also provides nickel-doped cobalt carbonate prepared by the preparation method.
[0022] The present disclosure also provides cobaltosic oxide prepared by subjecting the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate to thermal decomposition. The thermal decomposition may be conducted at 600°C to 800°C for 3 h to 5 h. [0023] According to a preferred implementation of the present disclosure, the present disclosure at least has the following beneficial effects: [0024] 1. In the present disclosure, a nickel salt and sodium carbonate are used to prepare a spherical nickel carbonate seed crystal, and then a cobalt salt and ammonium bicarbonate are added to prepare cobalt carbonate and finally obtain nickel-doped cobalt carbonate, which has the following advantages: (1) The present disclosure avoids the problem that nickel precipitation is incomplete dming co-precipitation of nickel and cobalt in a carbonate system because a solubility product of nickel carbonate is much higher than a solubility product of cobalt carbonate, resulting in the loss of nickel in a supernatant. (2) Sodium carbonate is used as a precipitating agent during the preparation of the spherical nickel carbonate seed crystal. As a salt of a strong alkali and a weak acid, sodium carbonate can not only provide C032-for the reaction, but also ensure a high pH for the system, which is conducive to the uniform nucleation of nickel carbonate particles and allows the complete precipitation of nickel. (3) Cobalt salt and ammonium bicarbonate are used as precipitating agents in the seed crystal growth stage, which ensures the smooth progress of the reaction and makes cobalt carbonate particles grow outward uniformly along a surface of a nickel carbonate nucleus.
[0025] 2. The nickel-doped cobalt carbonate of the present disclosure is subjected to thermal decomposition, such that internal nickel migrates outward to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor material with uniform nickel distribution.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] The present disclosure is further described below with reference to accompanying drawings and examples.
[0027] FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate of Example 1 of the present disclosure at a magnification of 10,000; [0028] FIG. 2 is an SEM image of the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate of Example 1 of the present disclosure at a magnification of 20,000; [0029] FIG. 3 is an SEM image of the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate of Example 2 of the present disclosure at a magnification of 10,000; [0030] FIG. 4 is an SEM image of the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate of Example 2 of the present disclosure at a magnification of 20,000; [0031] FIG. 5 is an SEM image of the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate of Example 3 of the present disclosure at a magnification of 50,000; [0032] FIG. 6 is an SEM image of the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate of Example 3 of the present disclosure at a magnification of 10,000; [0033] FIG. 7 is an SEM image of the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate of Example 4 of the present disclosure at a magnification of 50,000; [0034] FIG. 8 is an SEM image of the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate of Example 4 of the present disclosure at a magnification of 10,000; [0035] FIG. 9 is an SEM image of the cobalt carbonate of Comparative Example 1 of the
present disclosure at a magnification of 10,000;
[0036] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the nickel-doped cobaltosic oxide of Example 1 of the present disclosure; and [0037] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the nickel-doped cobaltosic oxide of Example 2 of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATED EXAMPLES
[0038] The concepts and technical effects of the present disclosure are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with examples, so as to allow the objectives, features and effects of the present disclosure to be fully understood. Apparently, the described examples are merely some rather than all of the examples of the present disclosure. All other examples obtained by those skilled in the art based on the examples of the present disclosure without creative efforts should fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
[0039] Example 1
[0040] Nickel-doped cobalt carbonate was prepared in this example, and a specific preparation process was as follows: [0041] Step 1: Preparation of solutions: A 2.4 mol/L cobalt sulfate solution, a 2.0 mol/L nickel sulfate solution, a 3 mol/L ammonium bicarbonate solution, and a 2.5 mol/L sodium carbonate solution were prepared.
[0042] Step 2: Synthesis of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate [0043] (1) Preparation of a spherical nickel carbonate seed crystal: Pure water and the sodium carbonate solution were added as a base solution to a reactor, where sodium carbonate in the base solution had a concentration of 0.5 mol/L, a volume of the base solution should allow the lowest layer to be immersed, and the base solution had a pH of 8.5 and a temperature of 42°C; the nickel sulfate solution and the sodium carbonate solution were concurrently fed under high-speed stirring, where the nickel sulfate solution was fed at a flow rate of 3 L/h, a flow rate of the sodium carbonate solution was adjusted by a PLC control system to maintain a pH in the seed crystal synthesis stage at 8.0, and the feeding was conducted for 20 h; and when a particle size grew to 5 Intl, the feeding was stopped to obtain the spherical nickel carbonate seed crystal.
[0044] (2) Seed crystal growth: A reaction temperature was raised to 55°C, and the cobalt sulfate solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution were concurrently fed, where the cobalt sulfate solution was fed at a flow rate of 3 L/h and a flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution was adjusted by a PLC control system to maintain a pH in the seed crystal growth stage at 7.0; and when a liquid level in the reactor reached 70% to 80% of a total volume, concentration was started and the cobalt sulfate solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution were continuously fed to stabilize the liquid level in the reactor at 70% to 80% of the total volume until a particle size grew to 18.5 htm to obtain a nickel-doped cobalt carbonate slurry.
[0045] Step 3: Washing, drying, and sieving of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate: The slurry in the reactor was centrifuged in a centrifuge and filtered, and a resulting filter cake was washed with hot pure water at 80°C for 30 min, then filtered out, dried at 100°C to a moisture content of 0.3%, then sieved through a 300-mesh vibrating sieve, and packaged to obtain a finished product of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate. The finished product of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate had a particle size D50 of 18.5 p.m, and nickel therein had a mass fraction of 1%. [0046] FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are SEM images of the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate prepared in this example at magnifications of 10,000 and 20,000, respectively, and it can be seen from the images that there is granular accumulation on the surface of particles, without micropowder. [0047] The nickel-doped cobalt carbonate prepared in this Example was finally prepared into an LCO cathode material. With a metal lithium sheet as a negative electrode, the LCO cathode material was subjected to a button battery charging and discharging test. In a charging and discharging voltage range of 3.0 V to 4.55 V, the LCO cathode material had an initial specific discharge capacity of 213.2 mAg/g at 0,1 C and a capacity retention of 94.6% after 50 cycles at 0.5 C.
[0048] Example 2
[0049] Nickel-doped cobalt carbonate was prepared in this example, and a specific preparation process was as follows: [0050] Step 1: Preparation of solutions: A 2.0 mol/L cobalt chloride solution, a 1.8 mol/L nickel sulfate solution, a 2.6 mon ammonium bicarbonate solution, and a 2.0 mol/L sodium carbonate solution were prepared.
[0051] Step 2: Synthesis of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate [0052] (1) Preparation of a spherical nickel carbonate seed crystal: Pure water and the sodium carbonate solution were added as a base solution to a reactor, where sodium carbonate in the base solution had a concentration of 0.8 mol/L, a volume of the base solution should allow the lowest layer to be immersed, and the base solution had a pll of 8.8 and a temperature of 42°C; the nickel sulfate solution and the sodium carbonate solution were concurrently fed under high-speed stirring, where the nickel sulfate solution was fed at a flow rate of 2.6 L/h, a flow rate of the sodium carbonate solution was adjusted by a PLC control system to maintain a pH in the seed crystal synthesis stage at 8.4, and the feeding was conducted for 18 h; and when a particle size grew to 4 Rm, the feeding was stopped to obtain the spherical nickel carbonate seed crystal.
[0053] (2) Seed crystal growth: A reaction temperature was raised to 50°C, and the cobalt chloride solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution were concurrently fed, where the cobalt chloride solution was fed at a flow rate of 2.8 L/h and a flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution was adjusted by a PLC control system to maintain a pH in the seed crystal growth stage at 7.2; and when a liquid level in the reactor reached 70% to 80% of a total volume, concentration was started and the cobalt chloride solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution were continuously fed to stabilize the liquid level in the reactor at 70% to 80% of the total volume until a particle size grew to 16.3 Rrn to obtain a nickel-doped cobalt carbonate slurry.
[0054] Step 3: Washing, drying, and sieving of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate: The slurry in the reactor was centrifuged in a centrifuge and filtered, and a resulting filter cake was washed with hot pure water at 80°C for 30 min, then filtered out, dried at 105°C to a moisture content of 0.24%, then sieved through a 350-mesh vibrating sieve, and packaged to obtain a finished product of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate. The finished product of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate had a particle size D50 of 16.3 Rm, and nickel therein had a mass fraction of 0.8%. [0055] FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are SEM images of the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate prepared in this example at magnifications of 20,000 and 10,000, respectively, and it can be seen from the images that there is granular accumulation on the surface of particles, without micropowder. [0056] The nickel-doped cobalt carbonate prepared in this Example was finally prepared into an LCO cathode material. With a metal lithium sheet as a negative electrode, the LCO cathode material was subjected to a button battery charging and discharging test. In a charging and discharging voltage range of 3.0 V to 4.55 V, the LCO cathode material had an initial specific discharge capacity of 212.8 mAg/g at a 1 C and a capacity retention of 93.7% after 50 cycles at 0.5 C.
[0057] Example 3
[0058] Nickel-doped cobalt carbonate was prepared in this example, and a specific preparation process was as follows: [0059] Step 1: Preparation of solutions: A 1.8 mol/L cobalt sulfate solution, a 1.6 mol/L nickel chloride solution, a 2.2 mol/L ammonium bicarbonate solution, and a 1.8 mol/L sodium carbonate solution were prepared.
[0060] Step 2: Synthesis of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate [0061] (1) Preparation of a spherical nickel carbonate seed crystal: Pure water and the sodium carbonate solution were added as a base solution to a reactor, where sodium carbonate in the base solution had a concentration of 1.0mol/L, a volume of the base solution should allow the lowest layer to be immersed, and the base solution had a pH of 9.0 and a temperature of 40°C; the nickel chloride solution and the sodium carbonate solution were concurrently fed under high-speed stirring, where the nickel chloride solution was fed at a flow rate of 2.4 L/h, a flow rate of the sodium carbonate solution was adjusted by a PLC control system to maintain a pH in the seed crystal synthesis stage at 8.6, and the feeding was conducted for 14 h; and when a particle size grew to 3 [tm, the feeding was stopped to obtain the spherical nickel carbonate seed crystal.
[0062] (2) Seed crystal growth: A reaction temperature was raised to 48°C, and the cobalt sulfate solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution were concurrently fed, where the cobalt sulfate solution was fed at a flow rate of 2.4 L/h and a flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution was adjusted by a PLC control system to maintain a pH in the seed crystal growth stage at 7.4; and when a liquid level in the reactor reached 70% to 80% of a total volume, concentration was started and the cobalt sulfate solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution were continuously fed to stabilize the liquid level in the reactor at 70% to 80% of the total volume until a particle size grew to 12 lam to obtain a nickel-doped cobalt carbonate slurry.
[0063] Step 3: Washing, drying, and sieving of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate: The slurry in the reactor was centrifuged in a centrifuge and filtered, and a resulting filter cake was washed with hot pure water at 75°C for 20min, then filtered out, dried at 110°C to a moisture content of 0.58%, then sieved through a 400-mesh vibrating sieve, and packaged to obtain a finished product of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate. The finished product of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate had a particle size D50 of 12 1..tm, and nickel therein had a mass fraction of 0.5%. [0064] FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are SEM images of the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate prepared in this example at magnifications of 50,000 and 10,000, respectively, and it can be seen from the images that there is bulky accumulation on the surface of particles, without micropowder. [0065] Example 4 [0066] Nickel-doped cobalt carbonate was prepared in this example, and a specific preparation process was as follows: [0067] Step 1: Preparation of solutions: A 1.6 mol/L cobalt chloride solution, a 1.5 mol/L nickel chloride solution, a 2.0 mol/L ammonium bicarbonate solution, and a 1.5 mol/L sodium carbonate solution were prepared.
[0068] Step 2: Synthesis of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate [0069] (1) Preparation of a spherical nickel carbonate seed crystal: Pure water and the sodium carbonate solution were added as a base solution to a reactor, where sodium carbonate in the base solution had a concentration of 1.5 moUL. a volume of the base solution should allow the lowest layer to be immersed, and the base solution had a pH of 9.5 and a temperature of 38°C; the nickel chloride solution and the sodium carbonate solution were concurrently fed under high-speed stirring, where the nickel chloride solution was fed at a flow rate of 2.0 L/h, a flow rate of the sodium carbonate solution was adjusted by a PLC control system to maintain a pH in the seed crystal synthesis stage at 8.8, and the feeding was conducted for 10 h; and when a particle size grew to 2 in, the feeding was slopped to obtain the spherical nickel carbonate seed crystal.
[0070] (2) Seed crystal growth: A reaction temperature was raised to 48°C, and the cobalt chloride solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution were concurrently fed, where the cobalt chloride solution was fed at a flow rate of 2.0 L/h and a flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution was adjusted by a PLC control system to maintain a pH in the seed crystal growth stage at 7.5; and when a liquid level in the reactor reached 70% to 80% of a total volume, concentration was started and the cobalt chloride solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution were continuously fed to stabilize the liquid level in the reactor at 70% to 80% of the total volume until a particle size grew to 8 gm to obtain a nickel-doped cobalt carbonate slurry.
[0071] Step 3: Washing, drying, and sieving of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate: The sluiTy in the reactor was centrifuged in a centrifuge and filtered, and a resulting filter cake was washed with hot pure water at 75°C for 20 min, then filtered out, dried at 110°C to a moisture content of 0.84%, then sieved through a 400-mesh vibrating sieve, and packaged to obtain a finished product of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate. The finished product of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate had a particle size D50 of 8 p.m, and nickel therein had a mass fraction of 1.2%. [0072] FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are SEM images of the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate prepared in this example at magnifications of 50,000 and 10,000, respectively, and it can be seen from the images that there is bulky accumulation on the surface of particles, without micropowder. [0073] Comparative Example 1 [0074] Cobalt carbonate was prepared in this comparative example, and a seed crystal prepared in this comparative example was a cobalt carbonate seed crystal. A specific process was as follows: [0075] Step 1: Preparation of solutions: A 2.0 mol/L cobalt chloride solution and a 3 mol/L ammonium bicarbonate solution were prepared.
[0076] Step 2: Synthesis of a cobalt carbonate seed crystal [0077] (1) Preparation of the cobalt carbonate seed crystal: Pure water and the ammonium bicarbonate solution were added as a base solution to a reactor, where ammonium bicarbonate in the base solution had a concentration of 0.6 mol/L, a volume of the base solution should allow the lowest layer to be immersed, and the base solution had a pH of 8.3 and a temperature of 45°C; the cobalt chloride solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution were concurrently fed under high-speed stin-ing, where the cobalt chloride solution was fed at a flow rate of 3 L/h, and a flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution was adjusted by a PLC control system to maintain a pH in the seed crystal synthesis stage at 7.3; and when a particle size grew to 5 jim, the feeding was stopped to obtain the cobalt carbonate seed crystal.
[0078] (2) Cobalt carbonate seed crystal growth: A reaction temperature was raised to 55°C, and the cobalt chloride solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution were concurrently fed, where the cobalt chloride solution was fed at a flow rate of 3 L/h and a flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution was adjusted by a PLC control system to maintain a pH in the seed crystal growth stage at 7.0; and when a liquid level in the reactor reached 70% to 80% of a total volume, concentration was started and the cobalt chloride solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution were continuously fed to stabilize the liquid level in the reactor at 70% to 80% of the total volume until a particle size grew to 18.5 pm to obtain a cobalt carbonate slurry.
[0079] Step 3: Washing, drying, and sieving of cobalt carbonate: The slurry in the reactor was centrifuged in a centrifuge and filtered, and a resulting filter cake was washed with hot pure water at 80°C for 30 min, then filtered out, dried at 100°C to a moisture content of 0.2%, then sieved through a 400-mesh vibrating sieve, and packaged to obtain a finished product of cobalt carbonate. The finished product of cobalt carbonate had a particle size D50 of 18.4 pm. [0080] FIG. 9 is an SEM image of the cobalt carbonate prepared in this comparative example at a magnification of 10,000, and it can be seen from the image that there is fine bulky accumulation on the surface of particles.
[0081] The cobalt carbonate prepared in this comparative example was finally prepared into an LCO cathode material. With a metal lithium sheet as a negative electrode, the LCO cathode material was subjected to a button battery charging and discharging test. In a charging and discharging voltage range of 3.0 V to 4.55 V, the LCO cathode material had an initial specific discharge capacity merely of 199.1 mAg/g at 0.1 C and a capacity retention of 86.5% after 50 cycles at 0.5 C.
[0082] Test Example
[0083] The finished products prepared in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1 were each calcined at 680°C for 4 h to obtain cobaltosic oxide, and then the cobaltosic oxide was made into an LCO cathode material. With a lithium metal sheet as a negative electrode, a button battery charging and discharging test was conducted. Electrochemical properties of the cathode materials in a charging and discharging voltage range of 3.0 V to 4.55 V were shown in Table 1. The product of Example 1 led to an initial specific discharge capacity of 213.2 mAh/g at 0.1 C and a capacity retention of 94.6% after 50 cycles at 0.5 C. [0084] Table 1 Electrochemical properties of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1 Example Initial specific discharge capacity at Capacity retention after 50 cycles at 0.5 C (%) 0.1 C (mAh/g)
Example 1 213.2 94.6
Example 2 212.8 93.7
Comparative 199.1 86.5
Example I
[0085] It can be seen from Table 1 that the LCO material prepared from the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate has a high specific capacity and prominent cycling performance at a high voltage.
[0086] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the nickel-doped cobaltosic oxide of Example 1. EDS scanning was conducted on five rectangular zones in a cross section, and corresponding test results were shown in Table 2. The results show that nickel is uniformly distributed inside particles.
[0087] Table 2
Spectrum Co (wt%) 0 (wt%) Ni (wt%) 1 73.50 25.58 0.92 2 70.76 28.09 1.15 3 70.69 28.28 1.03 4 71.82 27.1 1.08 72.54 26.51 0.95 [00881 FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the nickel-doped cobaltosic oxide of Example 2. EDS scanning was conducted on five rectangular zones in a cross section, and corresponding Lest results were shown in Table 3. The results show that nickel is uniformly distributed inside particles.
[0089] Table 3
Spectrum Co (wt%) 0 (wt%) Ni (wt%) 1 72.1 27.07 0.83 2 71.53 27.71 0.76 3 70.69 28.41 0.90 4 74.21 24.98 0.81 72.68 26.47 0.85 [0090] The present disclosure is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to the above examples. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the technical field, various changes can also be made without departing from the purpose of the present disclosure. In addition, the examples in the present disclosure or features in the examples may be combined with each other in a non-conflicting situation.

Claims (10)

  1. CLAIMS: I. A preparation method of nickel-doped cobalt carbonate, comprising the following steps: Si: mixing a first carbonate solution with a nickel salt solution to allow a reaction at a controlled temperature and a controlled pH to obtain a nickel carbonate seed crystal, wherein the first carbonate is one or two selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; S2: mixing the nickel carbonate seed crystal, a cobalt salt solution, and an ammonium bicarbonate solution to allow a reaction at a controlled temperature and a controlled pH to obtain a nickel-doped cobalt carbonate slurry; and S3: subjecting the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate slurry to solid-liquid separation to obtain a filter residue, and washing and drying the filter residue to obtain the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate.
  2. 2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein SI specifically comprises: adding a second carbonate solution as a base solution, and simultaneously adding the first carbonate solution and the nickel salt solution to the base solution to allow a reaction at a controlled temperature and a controlled pH to obtain the nickel carbonate seed crystal, wherein the second carbonate is one or two selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate.
  3. 3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in Si, the reaction s conducted at a temperature of 38°C to 42°C and a of 8.0 to 9.0.
  4. 4. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in Si, the base solution has a concentration of 0.5 mol/L to 1.5 mol/L; and preferably, the base solution has a pH of 8.5 to 9.5.
  5. 5. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in SI, nickel ions in the nickel salt solution have a concentration of 1.5 rnol/L to 2.0 rnol/L, and the first carbonate solution has a concentration of 1.5 mol/L to 2.5 mol/L.
  6. 6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the reaction is conducted at a temperature of 45°C to 55°C and a pH of 7.0 to 7.5.
  7. 7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in Sl, the nickel carbonate seed crystal has a particle size D50 of 2 p.m to 5 pm; and in 53, the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate has a particle size D50 of 8 pm to 20 pm.
  8. 8. The preparation method according to claim I. wherein in S2, cobalt ions in the cobalt salt solution have a concentration of 1.6 mol/L to 2.4 moUL, and the ammonium bicarbonate solution has a concentration of 2.0 moUL to 3.0 mol/L.
  9. 9. Nickel-doped cobalt carbonate prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
  10. 10. Cobaltosic oxide prepared by subjecting the nickel-doped cobalt carbonate according to claim 9 to thermal decomposition.
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CN114804222A (en) * 2022-06-16 2022-07-29 荆门市格林美新材料有限公司 Nickel-manganese bimetal doped large-particle cobalt carbonate and preparation method and application thereof
CN114956197A (en) * 2022-06-20 2022-08-30 江西佳纳能源科技有限公司 Spherical cobalt carbonate, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery cathode material
CN115216643B (en) * 2022-08-18 2023-03-24 科立鑫(珠海)新能源有限公司 Purification and recovery process of nickel in high-ammonium-salt wastewater
CN115504516B (en) * 2022-09-20 2023-11-03 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 Aluminum-nickel co-doped cobalt carbonate precursor and preparation method and application thereof
CN116177614B (en) * 2023-03-23 2023-11-21 科立鑫(珠海)新能源有限公司 Technological method for reducing waste rate in cobalt oxide preparation process

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