GB2610798A - Improvements to solar panels - Google Patents

Improvements to solar panels Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2610798A
GB2610798A GB2110357.7A GB202110357A GB2610798A GB 2610798 A GB2610798 A GB 2610798A GB 202110357 A GB202110357 A GB 202110357A GB 2610798 A GB2610798 A GB 2610798A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
solar panel
louvres
structural
cells
cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
GB2110357.7A
Other versions
GB202110357D0 (en
Inventor
Singh Ambi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pharmazon Ltd
Original Assignee
Pharmazon Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pharmazon Ltd filed Critical Pharmazon Ltd
Priority to GB2110357.7A priority Critical patent/GB2610798A/en
Publication of GB202110357D0 publication Critical patent/GB202110357D0/en
Publication of GB2610798A publication Critical patent/GB2610798A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A solar panel 4 has an array of cells 6 across a main face 5. Each cell 6 has a surface facing a different direction to another surface, for receiving sunlight at different angles of incidence. Surfaces of each cell supports or provides at least one photovoltaic cell. The photovoltaic cell may be curved, or flexible to be draped over an uneven surface of the solar panel 4. Cells 6 may be a tessellating or repeating pattern of circular frustum (partial cone), square frustum (partial pyramid) or hexagonal columnar (honeycomb) hollows through the solar panel 4. Cells 6 may be bell shaped protrusions or spaces between first and second perpendicular louvres (figure 6) slotted together. Cells 6 may be hinged for angular adjustment with electronic actuation means. A rigid frame around the main face edge may be hinged at its corners, so the solar panel 4 may fold when not deployed.

Description

Improvements to solar panels Field of the invention [1] The invention relates to solar panels. In particularly, the invention relates to panels with a repeating surface structure of photovoltaic cells for efficiently 5 receiving sunlight incident at a variety of different angles.
Background of the invention
[2] Typically, solar panels comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells, with planar surfaces on which sunlight is incident in use, supported by a frame structure. The efficiency of a solar panel's operation is affected by many external factors, one of which is the angle of incidence of the sunlight. Photovoltaic cells are most efficient when their surfaces are directed perpendicularly to the sunlight.
[3] The Sun's position relative to any fixed point on the surface of the Earth varies on a daily cycle due to the rotation of the Earth about its axis.
Consequently, a solar panel having a fixed position and orientation will only reach 15 peak efficiency for a brief period each day, if direct sunlight is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the solar panel.
[4] Many different solutions have been proposed to increase the efficiency of sobs power generation. Some such solutions track the position of the Sun in the sky relative to a solar panel or array of solar panels, and cause the solar panels to move Sc) as to track the Sun and maintain their surfaces perpendicular to the sunlight. This may be achieved, for example, by robotic arms or other forms of mechanical actuation. Such solutions are expensive, and require complex control technology in order to operate successfully.
[5] It is becoming increasingly corrunon for private residences to install small 25 solar arrays, for example on the rooves of houses. Small solar arrays are appearing in a wide variety of contexts in order to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. In these contexts, expensive control technology for constantly adjusting the position of solar panels is impractical. The efficiency of such installations is therefore very limited.
[6] A solution is needed to provide a more consistent angle of irradiation throughout the day which is practical for smaller solar arrays, and less expensive for larger solar arrays.
Summary of the invention
[7] The invention provides a solar panel having a main face, a plurality of structural cells being disposed across the main face, each structural cell comprising a plurality of surfaces, each one of the plurality of surfaces of a structural cell facing a different direction to each of the other surfaces of said structural cell; wherein the collective surfaces of each structural cell support or comprise at least one photovoltaic cell.
[8] The advantages of this structure include at least a portion of each structural cell being substantially perpendicular to incident sunlight for a wide range of solar 15 positions, and therefore for a longer time period through the day. This allows for more efficient harvesting of solar energy.
[9] In some embodiments, the plurality of structural cells are arranged in a repeating pattern across the main face of the solar panel.
[10] In some embodiments, each surface of each structural cell comprises or 20 houses a respective photovoltaic cell.
[11] In such embodiments, some of the photovoltaic cells will be substantially perpendicular to the incident sunlight at any given time, and converting solar energy most efficiently. Other photovoltaic cells will be operating less efficiently or not at all, depending on their orientation with respect to the incident sunlight.
[012] In other embodiments, each structural cell comprises a single respective solar cell, each respective solar cell being distributed across all of the surfaces of each respective structural cell.
[013] Tn such embodiments, a portion of each of the photovoltaic cells will be substantially perpendicular to the incident sunlight. In this way, each photovoltaic cell will generate electricity throughout the period that the sunlight is incident on at least one of its respective cell surfaces.
[014] In some embodiments, the structural cells are circular frustum hollows through the solar panel.
[015] This curved structure provides an effectively infinite number of infinitesimal surfaces, each facing a different direction to all the others, providing an efficient multi-directional solar energy harvesting cell.
[016] In other embodiments, the structural cells are square frustum hollows through the solar panel.
[17] In other embodiments, the structural cells are hexagonal columnar hollows through the solar panel. In some such embodiments, the corners of the hexagonal columnar hollows of the structural cells are hinged, and a rigid frame is provided around the edge of the main face, said frame being hinged at its corners so that the solar panel is movable from a folded configuration to a locked deployed configuration.
[18] In other embodiments, the structural cells are bell-shaped protrusions from the solar panel.
[0191 In other embodiments, the structural cells comprise the spaces between: a first set of louvres across the main surface of the solar panel, wherein the louvres of the first set of louvres are parallel to each other; and a second set of louvres across the main surface of the solar panel, wherein the louvres of the second set are parallel to each other and perpendicular to and slotted together with the louvres of the first set of louvres.
[0201 In some such embodiments, each of the louvres of both the first and the second sets of louvres is pivotably attached to the solar panel so as to allow the adjustment of their angles with respect to the plane of the main face of the solar panel.
[21] In some such louvred embodiments, a rigid frame is provided around the edge of the main face, said frame being hinged at its corners so as to be movable 5 from a folded configuration to a locked deployed configuration.
[22] Such embodiments are even rnore versatile than the static embodiments discussed so far. Since the orientation of the slats of the louvred structures can be adjusted, a larger proportion of the surface area of the surfaces of each structural cell can be directed towards the incident sunlight at any given time. This leads to a still more efficient harvesting of solar energy.
[23] In some such embodiments, the apparatus comprises electronic actuation means to control the adjustment of the angles of the louvres with respect to the plane of the main face of the solar panel
Brief description of drawings
[024] The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the following drawings: [25] Figure 1 depicts an embodiment of the invention having circular frustum hollows for structural cells.
[26] Figure 2 depicts an embodiment of the invention having square frustum hollows for structural cells.
[27] Figure 3 depicts an embodiment of the invention having hexagonal columnar hollows for structural cells.
[28] Figure 4 depicts an embodiment of the invention having bell-shaped protrusions for structural cells.
[029] Figure 5 depicts an embodiment of the invention having structural cells defined between perpendicular sets of louvres.
[30] Figure 6 depicts a detail of an exemp'ary louvred structure for use with a louvred embodiment.
Detailed description
[31] Figure 1 depicts a first embodiment of the invention, comprising a solar 5 panel 1 having a main face 2, and a plurality of structural cells 3. Each structural cell 3 is a circular frustum hollow (a partial cone). The structural cells 3 are arranged in rows and columns so as to cover most of the main face 2 of the solar panel 1. I bach structural cell 3 has a circular frustum shaped photovoltaic cell covering substantially all of its surface. Other embodiments are envisaged 10 comprising a plurality of curved photovoltaic cells covering different respective portions of the surface of each structural cell 3.
[32] As with all of the other embodiments of the invention, each photovoltaic cell is connected to suitable power conversion circuitry, which may include a maximum power point tracking system. The photovoltaic cells of the solar panel 1 may be connected to each other in series or in parallel, according to the particular output requirements.
1033] Figure 2 depicts a second embodiment of the invention, comprising a solar panel 4 having a main face 5 and a plurality of structural cells 6. Each structural cell 6 is a square frustum hollow (a partial pyramid). The structural cells 6 are arranged in rows and columns so as to cover substantially all of the main face 5 of the solar panel 4.
[34] I bach of the structural cells 6 comprises four surfaces, each facing a different direction. In some embodiments, each of the four surfaces is substantially covered by its own respective photovoltaic cell. In other embodiments, a square frustum 25 shaped photovoltaic cell covers all four surfaces.
[35] Figure 3 depicts a third embodiment of the invention, comprising a solar panel 7 having a main face 8 and a plurality of structural cells 9. Hach structural cell 9 is a hexagonal columnar hollow (a honeycomb structure). The structural cells 9 are arranged in a tessellating pattern so as to cover substantially all of the main face 8 of the solar panel 7.
[36] Each of the structural cells 9 comprises six surfaces, each facing a different 5 direction. In some embodiments, each of the six surfaces is substantially covered by its own respective photovoltaic cell. In other embodiments, a hexagonal columnar shaped photovoltaic cell covers all six surfaces.
[37] Preferably, each of the corners of the hexagonal columnar structural cells 9 is hinged. The frame surrounding the main surface is also hinged at the corners, in such a way as to be lockable into its deployed position. The photovoltaic cells used in such embodiments are lightweight and flexible, having flexible folding joints at the hinged corners of the structural cells. Such embodiments are particularly advantageous because they allow for the solar panel to be folded up compactly in a stowed configuration when not in use, for example for transportation.
[38] Figure 4 depicts a fourth embodiment of the invention, comprising a solar panel 10 having a main face 11 and a plurality of structural cells 12. I lach structural cell 12 is a bell-shaped protrusion. The structural cells 12 are arranged in closely fitting columns so as to cover most of the main surface 11 of the solar panel 10. Each structural cell 12 has a bell-shaped photovoltaic cell covering substantially all of its surface. Other embodiments are envisaged comprising a plurality of curved photovoltaic cells covering different respective portions of the surface of each structural cell 12.
[39] Preferably, the main surface, the structural cells and the photovoltaic cells 25 covering the structural cells in such embodiments are flexible. In this way, the solar panel can be draped over a non-flat surface in use to provide additional versatility and multi-directionality to the solar-energy receiving surfaces.
[40] Figure 5 depicts a fifth embodiment of the invention, comprising a solar panel 13 having a main face 14 and a plurality of structural cells 15. A first set of louvres 16 is disposed across the main face 14 of the solar panel 13, parallel to one another. A second set of louvres 17 is disposed across the main face 14 of the solar panel 13, parallel to one another and perpendicular to and slotted together with the first set of louvres 16.
[41] In some such embodiments, the louvres 16, 17 are hinged so that the orientation of their surfaces can be adjusted. Figure 6 depicts a detail of one such embodiment.
[042] The louvres 16, 17 are hinged about their lengthwise centres. The orientation of the proximal halves (closest to the solar panel 13) of the first set of louvres 16 is fixed relative to the solar panel 13. The orientation of the distal halves of the second set of louvres 17 is fixed relative to the solar panel 13. The orientation of the distal halves of the first set of louvres 16 is adjustable relative to the solar panel 13. The orientation of the proximal halves of the second set of louvres 17 is adjustable relative to the solar panel 13.
[43] Width-wise slots 18, 19 are provided through the adjustable halves of all of the louvres 16, 17. The fixed proximal halves of the first set of louvres 16 pass through the slots 18 of the second set of louvres 17. The fixed distal halves of the second set of louvres 17 pass through the slots 19 of the first set of louvres 16.
[44] This arrangement allows a portion of each louvre of each set of louvres 16, 17 to be adjusted relative to the solar panel 13 independently of the louvres of the other set 17, 16.
[45] Although the Figure depicts two sets of louvres 16, 17 which are arranged perpendicularly to one another, this is not necessarily the case. Other louvred arrangements with suitable slots and hinges are also contemplated. For example, two sets of louvres 16, 17 which cross each other but are not perpendicular, could be provided to vary the range of angles to which the photovoltaic cells can be directed. In some embodiments, three sets of louvres may be provided which cross in such a ways as to provide triangular structural cells.
[0461 Although the invention has been described above with reference to certain preferred embodiments, these embodiments do not limit the scope of the 5 invention. The scope of the invention is limited only by the claims.

Claims (15)

  1. Claims 1. A solar panel having a main face, a plurality of structural cells being disposed across the main face, each structural cell comprising a plurality of surfaces, each one of the plurality of surfaces of a structural cell facing a different direction to each of the other surfaces of said structural cell; wherein the collective surfaces of each structural cell support or comprise at least one photovoltaic cell.
  2. 2. A solar panel according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of structural cells are arranged in a repeating pattern across the main face of the solar panel.
  3. 3. A solar panel according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein each structural cell comprises a single respective solar cell, each respective solar cell being distributed across all of the surfaces of each respective structural cell.
  4. 4. A solar panel according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein each surface of each structural cell comprises or houses a respective photovoltaic cell.
  5. 5. A solar panel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the structural 15 cells are circular frustum hollows through the solar panel.
  6. 6. A solar panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the structural cells are square frustum hollows through the solar panel.
  7. 7. A solar panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein. the structural cells are hexagonal columnar hollows through the solar panel.
  8. 8. A solar panel according to claim 7 wherein the corners of the hexagonal columnar hollows of the structural cells are hinged, and further comprising a rigid frame around the edge of the main face, said frame being hinged at its corners so that the solar panel is movable from a folded configuration to a locked deployed configuration.
  9. 9. A solar panel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the structural cells are bell-shaped protrusions from the solar panel.
  10. 10. A solar panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the structural cells comprise the spaces between: a first set of louvres across the main surface of the solar panel, wherein the louvres of the first set of louvres are parallel to each other; and a second set of louvres across the main surface of the solar panel, wherein the louvres of the second set are parallel to each other and slotted together with the louvres of the first set of louvres.
  11. 11. A solar panel according to claim 10 wherein the louvres of the second set of 10 louvres are perpendicular to the louvres of the first set of louvres.
  12. 12. A solar panel according to claim 10 or claim 11 wherein each of the louvres of both the first and the second sets of louvres is pivotably attached to the solar panel so as to allow the adjustment of their angles with respect to the plane of the main face of the solar panel.
  13. 13. A solar panel according to claim 12 comprising electronic actuation means to control the adjustment of the angles of the louvres with respect to the plane of the main face of the solar panel.
  14. 14. A solar panel according to any one of claims 10 to 13, further comprising a rigid frame around the edge of the main face, said frame being hinged at its corners 20 so as to be movable from a folded configuration to a locked deployed configuration.
  15. 15. A solar panel according to any preceding claim, wherein the photovoltaic cells are flexible.
GB2110357.7A 2021-07-19 2021-07-19 Improvements to solar panels Pending GB2610798A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2110357.7A GB2610798A (en) 2021-07-19 2021-07-19 Improvements to solar panels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2110357.7A GB2610798A (en) 2021-07-19 2021-07-19 Improvements to solar panels

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GB202110357D0 GB202110357D0 (en) 2021-09-01
GB2610798A true GB2610798A (en) 2023-03-22

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090071527A1 (en) * 2007-09-18 2009-03-19 Reflexite Corporation Solar arrays with geometric-shaped, three-dimensional structures and methods thereof
US20110083718A1 (en) * 2008-07-29 2011-04-14 Wichner Brian D Solar panels for receiving scattered light
US20110203636A1 (en) * 2008-07-29 2011-08-25 Wichner Brian D Solar panels for receiving scattered light
CN203645619U (en) * 2013-10-31 2014-06-11 平顶山市中嘉能源科技有限公司 Honeycomb film solar cell panel
US20170236962A1 (en) * 2014-08-07 2017-08-17 Ecosolifer Ag Solar cell element and cell arrangement made from the elements
US20180130917A1 (en) * 2016-11-06 2018-05-10 Jitsen Chang Configurations for Solar Cells, Solar Panels, and Solar Panel Systems
CN207637811U (en) * 2017-11-06 2018-07-20 北京天恒长鹰科技股份有限公司 The solar cell of stratospheric airship
WO2020153534A1 (en) * 2019-01-23 2020-07-30 Kepco Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. Pyramidal solar photovoltaic structure and solar photovoltaic system having optimal arrangement of pyramidal solar photovoltaic structures
EP3691120A1 (en) * 2019-01-31 2020-08-05 Gauthier, Sylvain Three-dimensional solar cell and photovoltaic solar module

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090071527A1 (en) * 2007-09-18 2009-03-19 Reflexite Corporation Solar arrays with geometric-shaped, three-dimensional structures and methods thereof
US20110083718A1 (en) * 2008-07-29 2011-04-14 Wichner Brian D Solar panels for receiving scattered light
US20110203636A1 (en) * 2008-07-29 2011-08-25 Wichner Brian D Solar panels for receiving scattered light
CN203645619U (en) * 2013-10-31 2014-06-11 平顶山市中嘉能源科技有限公司 Honeycomb film solar cell panel
US20170236962A1 (en) * 2014-08-07 2017-08-17 Ecosolifer Ag Solar cell element and cell arrangement made from the elements
US20180130917A1 (en) * 2016-11-06 2018-05-10 Jitsen Chang Configurations for Solar Cells, Solar Panels, and Solar Panel Systems
CN207637811U (en) * 2017-11-06 2018-07-20 北京天恒长鹰科技股份有限公司 The solar cell of stratospheric airship
WO2020153534A1 (en) * 2019-01-23 2020-07-30 Kepco Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. Pyramidal solar photovoltaic structure and solar photovoltaic system having optimal arrangement of pyramidal solar photovoltaic structures
EP3691120A1 (en) * 2019-01-31 2020-08-05 Gauthier, Sylvain Three-dimensional solar cell and photovoltaic solar module

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