GB2603193A

GB2603193A - A Tanning Composition

Info

Publication number: GB2603193A
Application number: GB2101367.7A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Frances Mone Rebecca
Original assignee: Ubeauty Global
Current assignee: Ubeauty Global
Priority date: 2021-02-01
Filing date: 2021-02-01
Publication date: 2022-08-03
Also published as: GB202101367D0

Abstract

A tanning composition for topical administration comprising: a tanning component which reacts with skin, preferably a polyhydroxy-ketone (e.g. dihydroxyacetone or erythrulose) which undergoes a Maillard reaction with amino acids in keratin to produce a melanoidin, or a combination of aldo-hexose sugar and beta-glucan; a skin exfoliant, preferably a beta-hydroxy acid e.g. salicylic acid; a penetration enhancer, preferably a polyethylene glycol ether e.g. Ceteareth-20; and a demagogically acceptable carrier, preferably an aqueous carrier. The composition may also comprise: a preservative selected from phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, dehydroacetic acid, potassium sorbate, and sodium benzoate; parfum; coumarin; a pH adjusting agent e.g. triethanolamine or citric acid; Aloe Barbadensis powder; and EDTA salt e.g. tetrasodium EDTA. The tanning composition may be contained in a dispensing container e.g. a spray container, a pump action spray container, a tube, a collapsible tube, or a bottle. Also disclosed is a method of tanning comprising administering the composition to the skin.

Description

A TANNING COMPOSITION

This invention relates to a tanning composition and more particularly to a tanning composition for topical administration by humans, as well as methods of cosmetic tanning using the compositions.

Background of the Invention

Numerous products are known for colouring the skin to provide a tanned appearance or for promoting natural tanning of the skin. For example, tanning tablets that contain substances that are precursors to, or promote the formation of, melanin in melanocytes in the skin are commercially available. Additionally, tanning tablets that contain natural pigment substances such as carotenoids that are deposited in the epidermis or sub-cutaneous fat layers and provide the skin with a more highly coloured appearance akin to a tan are also available.

In addition to these orally ingestible tanning tablets, a number of topical formulations or solutions to provide a tanned appearance to users are also commercially available.

However, a number of these topical formulations suffer from disadvantages. For example, many tanning formulations do not provide a natural-looking tanned appearance. Instead, tanning formulations often result in a user's skin being coloured with an artificial orange colour. In addition, due to their method of application, many tanning formulations give a streaky appearance, rather than a consistent and even appearance.

Furthermore, tanning components present within the tanning formulations can provide discomfort to the user. This may take the form of irritation to the skin (e.g. causing redness or inflammation) or causing breakouts of acne as a result of using topical tanning compositions. In addition to this, due to both the odour of the compositions and the feel of the composition on their skin initially after application, topical tanning compositions often adversely affect users' ability to sleep.

Therefore, there exists the need for improved tanning compositions which do not suffer from the disadvantages noted above.

The Invention The present invention provides an improved tanning composition for providing cosmetic tanning of human skin.

Accordingly, the invention provides a tanning composition for topical administration by humans, the composition comprising: (i) at least one tanning component capable of reacting with human skin to provide a more tanned appearance; (ii) a skin exfoliant; and (iii) a dermatologically acceptable carrier.

The inventor of the present application has found that such compositions result in users' skin being given a gradual, natural, streak-free, healthy glow (rather than an artificial orange colour). In addition, users of the compositions of the invention reported reduced skin redness and inflammation compared to when other topical tanning formulations were used.

Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the skin exfoliant exfoliates deep into the pores of the skin and increases the cell turnover rate. The high and continuous cell turnover rate during the application of the at least one tanning component leads to a less patchy tanned effect and a more gradual and faded effect (and hence more natural-looking effect).

References herein to percentages by weight (w/w) refer to the percentage weight relative to the total weight of the composition, unless indicated to the contrary.

The term "tanning" as used herein refers to the process of changing the colouration of skin so that it has a more tanned or highly coloured appearance. The tanning component is capable of reacting with human skin to provide a more tanned appearance. The term "capable of reacting with human skin" is used in a general sense to include components that undergo a chemical reaction in the skin to produce a tanning colour, as well as components that act simply as dyes, and components that stimulate the development of natural skin pigments.

Thus, the compositions of the invention may bring about the process of colourafion of the skin by one or more mechanisms. For example, the compositions of the invention can contain components that stimulate the activity of melanocytes in the skin so as to bring about more rapid production of melanin. This effect can be achieved, for example, by the use of a combination of hexose sugar and betaglucan. Alternatively or additionally, the compositions can contain a hydroxyketone component which reacts with amino acids in the protein keratin in the skin in a Maillard reaction to give brown pigments known as melanoidins. The melanoidins are similar in colour to melanin.

Accordingly, in one embodiment, the invention provides a tanning composition for topical administration by humans, the composition comprising: at least one tanning component capable of reacting with human skin to provide a more tanned appearance; wherein the at least one tanning component is selected from: (a) a polyhydroxy-ketone which is capable of undergoing a Maillard reaction with amino acids in skin keratin to produce a melanoidin; and (b) a substance that stimulates the production of melanin by melanocytes when applied to the skin; and mixtures thereof; (ii) a skin exfoliant; and (iii) a dermatologically acceptable carrier.

In one general embodiment, the composition comprises a tanning component which is (a) a polyhydroxy-ketone which is capable of undergoing a Maillard reaction with amino acids in skin keratin to produce a melanoidin.

In each of the foregoing aspects and embodiments of the invention, the polyhydroxy-ketone (a) is typically selected from dihydroxyacetone and erythrulose.

In another general embodiment, the polyhydroxy-ketone is dihydroxyacetone.

In another general embodiment, the polyhydroxy-ketone is erythrulose.

In another general embodiment, the polyhydroxy-ketone is a mixture of dihydroxyacetone and erythrulose.

The polyhydroxy-ketone is typically present in an amount of from 2% to 10% (w/w) of the composition, and more usually from about 5% to about 20%.

Substances that stimulate the production of melanin by melanocytes when applied to the skin include 7-palmitoy1-5-hydroxy-2-methylchromone, and combinations of at least one aldo-hexose sugar and beta-glucan; and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, the substance that stimulates the production of melanin by melanocytes when applied to the skin is 7-palmitoy1-5-hydroxy-2-methylchromone.

In another embodiment, the substance that stimulates the production of melanin by melanocytes when applied to the skin is a combination of at least one aldo-hexose sugar and beta-glucan; and mixtures thereof.

The aldo-hexose sugar in combination (b) may be selected from any of the sixteen naturally occurring aldo-hexose sugars but, more usually, is selected from mannose and glucose. Preferably, the compositions contain mannose. More usually, the compositions contain both mannose and glucose.

The total amount of aldohexose sugar present is typically an amount of no more than 1% (w/w) and more typically no more than 0.5% (w/w). For example, the total amount of aldo-hexose sugar may be up to 0.2 % (w/w).

Beta-glucans are p-D-glucose polysaccharides naturally occurring in the cell walls of cereals, bacteria, and fungi. The beta-glucan in combination (b) can be present in the compositions of the invention in amounts of up to about 0.5% (w/w), more usually up to about 0.2% (w/w), for example up to about 0.1% (w/w).

The aldohexoses and beta-glucan may be sourced as a mixture of components commercially available as Tosolin from Goya BVBA, Antwerp, Belgium.

The tanning compositions comprise a skin exfoliant. As discussed above, it is believed that the skin exfoliant exfoliates the skin and increases the turnover of skin cells. The high and continuous cell turnover rate during the application of the at least one tanning component leads to a less patchy tanned effect and a more gradual and faded effect (and hence more natural-looking effect).

The skin exfoliant may exfoliate the skin mechanically or chemically. Mechanical exfoliants typically are particulates which when rubbed against the skin cause dead skill cells to be removed from the surface of the skin. Mechanical exfoliants can be selected from a large variety of materials ground into coarse particles. Examples of mechanical skin exfoliants or materials that can be ground into mechanical skin exfoliants include coffee granules, jojoba beads, sugar granules, salt, ground fruit components and microbeads among others.

Alternatively, the skin exfoliant may be a chemical exfoliant, typically an acid, which removes dead skin cells when applied to the skin. Examples of suitable chemical skin exfoliants include alpha-hydroxy acids (such as glycolic acid, mandelic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid or malic acid), beta-hydroxy acids (such as salicylic acid or citric acid) and polyhydroxy acids (such as gluconolactone or lactobionic acid). Preferably the chemical skin exfoliant is salicylic acid.

The skin exfoliant may be present in the tanning composition in an amount of from 0.2% to 10%, typically from 0.3% to 7%, preferably from 0.5% to 5%.

The tanning compositions preferably also comprise a skin penetration enhancer. Skin penetration enhancers are agents that penetrate the skin and interact with the skin constituents to reduce the barrier for delivery of substances across the skin.

Therefore, skin penetration enhancers are used to promote the delivery of substances across the skin, in particular the stratum corneum.

Skin penetration enhancers may be enzymatic or chemical. Preferred skin penetration enhancers for the tanning composition are chemical skin penetration enhancers.

Examples of suitable chemical skin penetration enhancers include polyethylene glycol ethers (such as the polyethylene glycol ether of cetearyl alcohol, e.g. Ceteareth-20), glycols (such as propylene glycol), alcohols (such as ethanol, decanol, isopropyl alcohol), fatty acids (such as oleic acid) and surfactants (such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polysorbate 20 and saponins). Other skin penetration enhancers are well known to those skilled in the art and include sulphoxides (such as dimethylsulphoxide, DMS0), azones (such as laurocapram), pyrrolidones (such as 2-pyrrolidone), terpenes, cyclodextrines and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Preferably, the skin penetration enhancer is a polyethylene glycol ether (such as the polyethylene glycol ether of cetearyl alcohol, e.g. Ceteareth-20).

The skin penetration enhancer may be present in the tanning composition in an amount of from 0.1% to 5%, typically from 0.1% to 2%.

The dermatologically acceptable carrier clip (which may also be referred to as a vehicle) is usually an aqueous carrier and may constitute up to about 99% (w/w) of the composition. For example, the dermatologically acceptable carrier (iii) may constitute from about 80% to about 99% (w/w) of the composition, more usually from about 85% to about 99% (w/w), and more typically from about 90% to about 99% (w/w) of the composition.

The dermatologically acceptable carrier (Hi) typically comprises one or more substances (for example two or more, or three or more) selected from water, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, glycerol and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, the dermatologically acceptable carrier (iii) comprises (or consists of) water, propylene glycol, butylene glycol and glycerol.

In another embodiment, the dermatologically acceptable carrier (iii) comprises (or consists of) propylene glycol, butylene glycol and glycerol.

In some embodiments, water constitutes the major component of the dermatologically acceptable carrier. For example, water may constitute at least 50% (w/w) of the dermatologically acceptable carrier, typically at least 60%, more typically at least 70% and usually at least 75% (w/w) of the dermatologically

acceptable carrier.

The compositions of the invention are topical compositions for application to the skin (e.g. human skin). As such, they can be formulated for application as sprays, creams, gels, lotions, foams, scrubs and liquids such as solutions and emulsions.

The compositions of the invention typically contain, in addition to components (i) to (iii) above, one or more preservatives (iv).

The preservatives (iv) can be selected from, for example, phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, dehydroacetic acid and ethylhexylglycerin. Typically, two or more, or three or more of the aforesaid preservatives are present. Preferably, the compositions are substantially free of parabens. Preferably, phenoxethanol and/or potassium sorbate and/or sodium benzoate are present as a preservative.

The total amount of preservative present is typically up to about 1.5% (w/w).

The compositions may comprise one or more emulsifiers or surfactants (v), preferably non-ionic surfactants. Examples of surfactants that may be included in the compositions are glyceryl esters of fatty acids (e.g. glyceryl stearate), polyethylene glycol derivatives of hydrogenated plant oils such as hydrogenated castor oil (e.g. PEG 40 hydrogenated castor oil), decylglucoside, fatty alcohols such as cetearyl alcohol (a mixture of fatty alcohols, consisting predominantly of cetyl and stearyl alcohol) and polyoxyethylene ethers of fatty alcohols such as ceteareth non-ionic surfactants (mainly ethers of cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol), for example ceteareth-20. The total amount of emulsifier can be, for example, up to about 15% (w/w), e.g. from 0.5% to about 15% (w/w). The amount of emulsifier present will typically depend on whether the composition is a more aqueous-based composition for application as a spray or whether it contains water-insoluble components that can be emulsified to form creams or lotions. In the latter case, the amounts of emulsifier will be greater.

Thus, in some embodiments of the invention, the compositions contain one or more poorly water-soluble or water-insoluble substances, or lipophilic substances (vi) such as liquid paraffin, isohexadecane, petrolatum, fatty acids (e.g. stearic acid and Shea butter fatty acids). Such substances may be absent from the compositions or, in the case of creams and lotions, may be present in a total amount of up to about 15% (w/w), for example in the range from 3% to 15% (w/w).

The compositions may also comprise a lavender component. The lavender component (when present) is typically obtained from Lavandula angustifolia or from Lavandula angustifolia hybrids such as the lavandins (e.g. Lavandula x intermedia which is a class of hybrids of L. angustifolia and L. latifolia. Preferably, the lavender component is obtained from Lavandula angustifolia The lavender component is one which provides a lavender odour. As such, it can for example comprise or consist of lavender oil or less refined extracts of lavender, for example alcoholic extracts of the flowers and/or the inflorescence of Lavandula 30 angustifolia.

Lavender oil (often referred to as Lavandulae aetheroleum) is a volatile oil which is typically extracted from the fresh flowers and/or the inflorescence of Lavandula angustifolia, the flowers being collected just before opening and then dried before extraction. The flowers contain a variety of natural products including terpenoid compounds (e.g. monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes), hydroxycoumarins, umbelliferone, herniarin, tannins, caffeic acid derivatives, rosmaric acid and volatile oil. The main components of the volatile oil are (-)-linalool (20% to 50%) and linalyl acetate (30-40%) with the minor components including cis-ocimene, terpinene-4-ol, betacaryophyllene and lavanduly1 acetate.

In one embodiment, the lavender component consists of lavender oil (Lavandulae aetheroleum).

In another embodiment, the lavender component consists of a combination of lavender oil (Lavandulae aetheroleum) and lavender extract, wherein the lavender extract is typically an extract (such as an alcoholic extract) of lavender flowers and/or inflorescence which contains not only lavender oil but also other natural products such as one or more of the natural products listed above.

The lavender component is typically present in the composition in an amount of from 0.1% to 10% (w/w) of the composition, more usually from 0.5% to 8% (w/w).

For example, the lavender component can be present in an amount of from 1% to 5% (w/w).

An advantage of the use of the lavender component is that it provides an effective odour masking effect in masking the unpleasant and persistent smell arising from some tanning components, in particular where the tanning component comprises a polyhydroxyketone such as dihydroxyacetone. It is envisaged that the lavender component has an enhanced odour masking effect compared to odour masking agents used in many known tanning compositions. A further advantage of the use of lavender is that it serves as an effective sleep aid.

The compositions may also comprise a Cannabis extract containing cannabidiol.

The Cannabis extract containing cannabidiol (when present) is typically obtained from Cannabis Sativa, a plant of the family Cannabaceae. The Cannabis extract containing cannabidiol may be obtained from varieties of Cannabis Sativa that are low in tetrahydrocannabinol. Extracts from varieties of Cannabis Sativa that are low in tetrahydrocannabinol typically contain less than 0.03% tetrahydrocannabinol.

The Cannabis extract containing cannabidiol can be introduced into the tanning composition in different ways. For example, it can be present in an oil, wherein the oil can be a medium-chain triglyceride (MCI) oil, optionally obtained from coconut oil, olive oil, avocado oil, argan oil or jojoba oil. Alternatively, it may exist as a liquid solution or a dry powder extract.

In one embodiment, the Cannabis extract containing cannabidiol consists of a cannabis extract oil.

In another embodiment, the Cannabis extract containing cannabidiol consists of dry powder cannabis extract.

In a further embodiment, the Cannabis extract containing cannabidiol consists of a combination of cannabis extract oil and cannabis dry powder extract.

The Cannabis extract containing cannabidiol is typically present in the tanning composition of the invention in an amount of from 0.01% to 10% (w/w) of the composition, more usually from 0.01% to 8% (w/w). For example, the Cannabis extract containing cannabidiol can be present in an amount of from 0.01% to 5% (w/w), or from 0.1% to 5% (w/w), or from 1% to 5% (w/w).

An advantage of the use of the Cannabis extract containing cannabidiol is that it has a moisturizing function and thus helps to hydrate and smooth the skin, counteracting the drying effect that tanning components, particularly those comprising a polyhydroxy-ketone such as dihydroxyacetone or erythrulose, can have on the skin. It is envisaged that the Cannabis extract containing cannabidiol has an enhanced moisturising function compared to other moisturising ingredients used in tanning compositions of the art, with the result that the colourafion of the skin invoked by the tanning component lasts longer and wears more evenly so that the user does not observe undesirable patches of uneven colour on the skin that are often seen with tanning compositions of the art.

The compositions can contain one or more further substances (vii) selected from: ((vii-1) parfum; (vii-2) cocoa butter; (vii-3) tocopheryl acetate; (vii-4) urea; (vii-5) coumarin; (vii-6) pH adjusting agents such as triethanolamine and citric acid; (vii-7) amino acids such as aspartate (e.g. magnesium aspartate) and glycine, alanine; (vii-8) creatine; (vii-9) Aloe Barbadensis powder; (vii-10) EDTA salts such as tetrasodium EDTA; (vii-11) Cocos Nucifera fruit extract; (vii-12) saccharide hydrolysate; (vii-13) pearlescent materials such as mica; (vii-14) skin conditioning agents or emollients such as isostearyl stearate; (vii-15) pigments such as titanium dioxide (Cl 77891), yellow ferric oxide (Cl 77492), red ferric oxide (Cl 77491) and black ferric oxide (Cl 77499); and (vii-16) polyvinylpyrrolidine.

In one embodiment, the compositions contain one or more (for example two or more, or three or more) further substances (vii) selected from: (vii-1) parfum; (vii-5) coumarin; (vii-6) citric acid; (vii-9) Aloe Barbadensis powder; and (vii-10) EDTA salts such as tetrasodium EDTA; Compositions in the form of creams or other more viscous formulations such as thick lotions may contain one or more thickeners or viscosity controlling agents (viii).

Examples of thickeners and viscosity controlling agents include carboxymethyl cellulose salts such as the calcium and sodium salts, carboxymethyl cellulose acetate butyrate, carboxymethyl hydroxyethylcellulose, cellulose gum, cellulose acetate propionate carboxylate, cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydrolyzed cellulose gum, hydroxybutyl methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methylcellulose, methyl ethylcellulose, methyl hydroxyethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium cellulose sulfate, tricontanyl PVP, polyacrylates such as sodium polyacrylates, and clay minerals such as magnesium aluminium silicate.

Many of the above thickeners and viscosity controlling agents have other desirable properties and may also function, for example, as film forming agents and emulsion stabilisers.

Particular thickeners and viscosity controlling agents are tricontanyl-PVP, polyacrylates such as sodium polyacrylates, and carboxymethylcellulose.

In one general embodiment, the composition is a sprayable composition and contains substances (i) to (v), (vii-1), (vii-5), (vii-6 (citric acid)), (vii-9) and (vii-10).

In another general embodiment, the composition is a mousse formulation and contains substances (i) to (v), (vii-1), (vii-3), (vii-5), (vii-6 (citric acid)), (vii-9), (vii-10) and (vii-11).

In another general embodiment, the composition is a cream or lotion product and contains substances (i) to (vi), (vii-1), (vii-2), (vii-3), (vii-4), (vii-5), (vii-6) (triethanolamine), (vii-7), (vii-8), (vii-9) and (vii-12).

In another aspect, the invention provides a tanning composition as defined herein contained within a dispensing container such as a spray container (e.g. a pump action spray container), a tube (e.g. a collapsible tube or a bottle) or a pump action dispenser.

In another aspect, the invention provides a tanning composition as defined herein in the form of a lotion, cream or paste contained within a dispensing container (such as a bottle or collapsible tube).

In a further aspect, the invention provides a method of tanning (skin colour enhancement) which method comprises administering to the skin of a subject an effective tanning amount of a tanning composition as defined herein.

The terms "subject" and "subjects" as used herein refer to animal subjects, more particularly mammalian subjects and most particularly human subjects.

The compositions of the invention are applied to an area of the body where it is desired to create a more tanned appearance. For example, the compositions may be applied to one or more of the face and neck, arms, legs, feet, chest and back. The compositions may, for example, take the form of a lotion that can be applied to the face.

The tanning methods of the invention are primarily intended as cosmetic treatments but may also be used in a medical context, for example in the treatment of subjects suffering from skin conditions such as vitiligo where natural skin pigmentation has been lost. In patients suffering from vitiligo, the tanning compositions of the invention can assist in masking areas of affected skin, or at least reducing the contrast between de-pigmented and normal skin.

An advantage of the present invention is that it allows subjects to develop a desired skin colour without the need for excessive exposure to the damaging effect of sunlight and ultraviolet radiation. A further advantage of the invention is that the lavender components provide effective odour masking of odoriferous tanning components.

The invention will now be illustrated, but not limited, by reference to the specific Examples below.

EXAMPLES

Example 1 -Lotion Formulation A lotion formulation was prepared by mixing together the following ingredients: Component Amount (/ow/w of the total composition) Water 5-70% Dihydroxyacetone 2-20% Cetaryl alcohol 0.5-5% Paraffinum liquidum 0.5-5% Glyceryl Stearate SE 0.5-5% Glycerin 0.5-5% Stearic Acid 0.5-5% Erythrulose 0.5-5% Salicylic Acid 0.5-5% Butyrospermum Parkii Butter 0.5-5% Phenoxyethanol 0.1-2% Ceteareth-20 0.1-2% Parfum 0.1-2% Theobroma Cacao (Seed) Butter 0.1-2% Tocopheryl Acetate 0.1-2% Urea 0.1-2% Petrolatum 0.1-2% Saccharide Hydrolysate 0.1-1% Ethylhexylglycerin 0.1-1% Coumarin 0.1-1% Triethanolamine 0.1-1% Magnesium Aspartate 0.1-1% Glycine 0.1-1% Alanine 0.1-1% Creatine 0.1-1% Aloe Barloadensis Leaf Powder 0.1-1% Benzyl Alcohol 0.1-1% Dehydroacetic Acid 0.1-1% Once formed, the formulation is filled into conventional lotion dispensers.

Comparative tests were carried out with the formulation described above and a corresponding formulation without any salicylic acid. It was noticed that the fading and evenness of the initial result and the fading of the tan back to the base skin colour was improved significantly with the use of salicylic acid at 1% as a skin exfoliator to reduce oil and unclog the pores of the skin.

It is therefore thought that the salicylic acid containing formulations exfoliate as well as tan the skin at the same time and leads to a less streaky tan fading (commonly referred to as the "tiger bread" effect). In addition, keeping the pores of the skin unclogged and reducing oil in the skin results in a tan with a better appearance.

Equivalents It will readily be apparent that numerous modifications and alterations may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention described above without departing from the principles underlying the invention. All such modifications and alterations are intended to be embraced by this application.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A tanning composition for topical administration by humans, the composition comprising: at least one tanning component capable of reacting with human skin to provide a more tanned appearance; (ii) a skin exfoliant and a skin penetration enhancer; and (iii) a dermatologically acceptable carrier.
2. A tanning composition according to claim 1, wherein the skin exfoliant is a beta-hydroxy acid.
3. A tanning composition according to claim 2 wherein the beta-hydroxy acid is salicylic acid.
4. A tanning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the skin exfoliant is present in an amount of 0.2% to 10% (w/w).
5. A tanning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the skin penetration enhancer is a polyethylene glycol ether (e.g. Ceteareth-20).
6. A tanning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the skin penetration enhancer is present in an amount of 0.1% to 5% (w/w).
7. A tanning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the at least one tanning component capable of reacting with human skin to provide a more tanned appearance; wherein the at least one tanning component is selected from: (a) a polyhydroxy-ketone which is capable of undergoing a Maillard reaction with amino acids in skin keratin to produce a melanoidin; and (b) a combination of at least one aldo-hexose sugar and beta-glucan; and mixtures thereof
8. A tanning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the tanning component comprises: (a) a polyhydroxy-ketone which is capable of undergoing a Mai!lard reaction with amino acids in skin keratin to produce a melanoidin
9. A tanning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the polyhydroxy-ketone is selected from dihydroxyacetone and erythrulose.
10. A tanning composition according to claim 9 wherein the polyhydroxy-ketone is dihydroxyacetone.
11. A tanning composition according to any one of claims 7 to 10 wherein the polyhydroxy-ketone is present in an amount of from 2% to 20% (w/w) of the composition
12. A tanning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11 wherein the dermatologically acceptable carrier (iii) is an aqueous carrier.
13. A tanning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12 wherein the composition contains a preservative selected from phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, dehydroacetic acid, potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate, and mixtures thereof.
14. A tanning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13 containing one or more further substances (vii) selected from: (vii-1) parfum; (vii-5) coumarin; (vii-6) pH adjusting agents such as triethanolamine and citric acid; (vii-9) Aloe BarlDadensis powder; and (vii-10) EDTA salts such as tetrasodium EDTA; and mixtures thereof
15. A tanning composition according to claim 1 comprising: dihydroxyacetone in an amount of from 2% to 20% (w/w) of the composition; (ii) a beta-hydroxy acid in an amount of from 0.2% to 10% (w/w) of the composition; a skin penetration enhancer in an amount of from 0.1% to 5% (w/w); and (iv) a dermatologically acceptable carrier.
16. A tanning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 contained within a dispensing container.
17. A tanning composition according to claim 16 wherein the dispensing container is a spray container (e.g. a pump action spray container), a tube (e.g. a collapsible tube) or a bottle.
18. A method of tanning (skin colour enhancement) which method comprises administering to the skin of a subject an effective tanning amount of a tanning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17.