GB2579404A - Head member for a HP pump of a fuel injection system - Google Patents

Head member for a HP pump of a fuel injection system Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2579404A
GB2579404A GB1819571.9A GB201819571A GB2579404A GB 2579404 A GB2579404 A GB 2579404A GB 201819571 A GB201819571 A GB 201819571A GB 2579404 A GB2579404 A GB 2579404A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
inlet
bore
compression chamber
head member
inlet valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB1819571.9A
Other versions
GB201819571D0 (en
Inventor
T D Mchattie James
Lyon Matthew
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
Original Assignee
Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Technologies IP Ltd filed Critical Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
Priority to GB1819571.9A priority Critical patent/GB2579404A/en
Publication of GB201819571D0 publication Critical patent/GB201819571D0/en
Publication of GB2579404A publication Critical patent/GB2579404A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0033—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
    • F02M63/0035—Poppet valves, i.e. having a mushroom-shaped valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/34—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by throttling of passages to pumping elements or of overflow passages, e.g. throttling by means of a pressure-controlled sliding valve having liquid stop or abutment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/36—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
    • F02M59/365—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages valves being actuated by the fluid pressure produced in an auxiliary pump, e.g. pumps with differential pistons; Regulated pressure of supply pump actuating a metering valve, e.g. a sleeve surrounding the pump piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F02M59/464—Inlet valves of the check valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0073—Pressure balanced valves

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A high pressure pump head member of fuel injection equipment of an internal combustion engine, said head member comprising: a body extending along a pumping axis from an open end to a closed end, said closed end partially defining a compression chamber, and an inlet valve 32 arranged to control low-pressure fuel entering the compression chamber (18, fig.1). Wherein the inlet valve is a poppet valve having a conical head 40 cooperating with the surrounding of an inlet bore (16, fig.1) opening in the compression chamber for sealing closed said inlet bore, and wherein the inlet valve comprises a collar portion 38 to slidably enter the inlet bore. The collar provides the primary resistance to flow during the initial opening stage of the valve and allows the conical surface to open widely at both high and low flow rates which ensures that particles do not become trapped in the bore.

Description

HEAD MEMBER FOR A HP PUMP OF A FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a head member for a high pressure pump of a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, the head member being configured to reduce clogging issues risk.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In a HP pump for a fuel injection system, the fuel enters a compression chamber via an inlet controlled by an inlet valve. The fuel is compressed in the compression chamber from a few bars to thousands of bars then is expelled via an outlet. Each movement of each element of the HP pump has therefore to be very precise for the system to work perfectly. Specifically, particles in fuel might strongly disrupt said movements, hence causing malfunctioning of the system. Usually, a fuel filter is provided to protect the injection system. However, particles of small sizes, or debris, are not stopped by the filter and penetrate into the injection system. In particular, when the inlet valve closes, debris can be trapped, holding the valve open and negating its operation. There is a risk that the inlet valve cracks open at low engine power demands, thus increasing the chance of debris capture upon valve closure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to resolve the above mentioned problems in providing a head member for a high pressure pump of a fuel injection equipment of an internal combustion engine, said head member comprising: a body extending along a pumping axis from an open end to a closed end, said closed end partially defining a compression chamber, an inlet valve arranged to control, in use, low-pressure fuel entering the compression chamber via an inlet bore of the body, the inlet valve being configured to move along an inlet axis such that fuels circulates in a passage delimited between the inlet valve and a wall of the bore in an open position, wherein the inlet valve is a poppet valve provided with a conical head cooperating with the surrounding of an inlet bore opening of the inlet bore in the compression chamber for sealing said inlet bore in a closed position, and wherein the inlet valve comprises a collar portion adapted to slidably enter the inlet bore.
Thanks to the collar portion, the particles are dragged into the compression chamber and do not stay trapped between the inlet valve and the wall of the bore.
The collar portion may be arranged to cooperate with the inlet bore to limit the fluid flow circulating in the compression chamber in the sliding movement of the inlet valve from the closed position to the open position.
The inlet axis may coincide with the pumping axis.
The head member may comprise a longitudinal portion, a shoulder being defined between the longitudinal portion and the collar portion.
The collar portion may disposed above the conical head so that the fluid flow is limited by the collar portion during the sliding movement of the inlet valve from the closed position to the open position until the shoulder enters the inlet bore opening in the compression chamber.
The longitudinal portion may be aligned with the pumping inlet valve axis.
Another object of the present invention is a high pressure fuel pump of a fuel injection equipment of an internal combustion engine, said pump comprising a head member as described above, a plunger configured to reciprocate within said bore along said pumping axis to alternatively increase and decrease the volume of the compression chamber, a fuel outlet controlled by an outlet valve for allowing, in use, high-pressure fuel out of the compression chamber.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention is now described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a head member of a HP pump as per the invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of an inlet valve of figure 1.
Figure 3 is an axial view of the inlet valve of figure 2 in a closed position.
Figure 4 is an axial view of the inlet valve of figure 2 in a position where the valve begins to open.
Figure 5 is an axial view of the inlet valve of figure 2 in a position where the valve continues to open.
Figure 6 is an axial view of the inlet valve of figure 2 in a position where the valve is completely open.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A diesel internal combustion engine is provided with a fuel injection equipment arranged to cyclically spray compressed diesel fuel in its cylinders.
Said equipment comprises a high pressure pump 10, shown on the figures.
The injection pump is one of the essential parts of the engine. The pump is configured to generate a high pressure so that fuel is transmitted to a combustion chamber of the engine.
As can be seen from figure 1, the pump 10 has a head member 12 with a body 14 provided with a bore 16 extending along a pumping axis X from an open end (not shown) to a closed end partially defining a compression chamber 18. The bore 16 comprises a longitudinal portion and an inlet bore opening of the compression chamber 18 that presents a conical surface to cooperate with an inlet valve, as will be described later.
As shown in figure 2, in the bore 16 is guided a plunger or piston 20 axially X extending from a first end, not shown, to a second end 22 partially defining the compression chamber 18. The first end is configured to cooperate with a rotating cam, not shown.
As can be seen particularly from figure 1, the body 14 of the head member 12 further defines an inlet chamber 24 for receiving fuel in the HP pump. The inlet chamber 24 is covered by a cap 26 of the head member 11. A sealing 28 is disposed between the cap 26 and the inlet chamber 24. The inlet chamber 24 comprises a base 30. In use, the inlet chamber 24 is fully filled with fuel from the base 30 to the cap 26.
As clear from figure 1, the head member 12 comprises an inlet valve 32 controlling the fuel that enters the compression chamber 18. The inlet valve 32 is a poppet valve connected to the inlet chamber 24 by a fuel inlet 34 extending from the base 30.
The inlet valve 32 is now detailed in relation with figure 2.
As can be seen from this figure, the inlet valve 32 comprises a longitudinal portion 36, a collar portion 38 and a conical head 40.
The conical head 40 allows the sealing of the inlet valve32 against the wall of the bore 16.
In other words, the conical head is arranged to cooperate with the inlet bore opening.
The collar portion 38 prevents particles from being trapped in the inlet valve 42, but does preferably not contribute to the sealing of the inlet valve, as will be detailed later.
The longitudinal portion 36 comprises a restriction 42 disposed above the collar portion 38, a shoulder 44 being defined between the restriction 42 and the collar portion 38.
The collar portion 38 is mounted above the conical head 40.
The longitudinal portion 36, the collar portion 38 and the conical head 40 are aligned with the pumping axis X. In other words, the pumping axis X constitutes a symmetry axis of the inlet valve 32.
As can be seen from figure 1, the head member 12 also comprises a fuel outlet 46 controlled by an outlet valve 48. The valve 48 is provided with a ball 50 and a spring 52 to maintain the outlet 40 in a closed position.
As can be seen from figures 3 to 6, the inlet valve 32 is configured to move along the pumping axis X in the bore 16 from a closed or shut position (figure 3) to a completely open position (figure 6) in which fuels circulates in a passage of the bore comprised between the inlet valve 32 and the wall of the bore 16.
In figure 3 (shut position), pressure under the inlet valve 32 in the compression chamber 18 creates a seal between the valve and the bore 16.
In figure 4, the inlet valve 32 begins to open. At the start of the filling, the valve 32 moves towards the plunger 2, corresponding to a downward translation on the figures.
Despite the conical head 40 losing contact with the wall of the inlet bore opening 16, there is very low flow of the fuel because the collar portion 38 is blocking the path.
In this position, any particle or debris clamped against the conical head 40 is free to move.
In figure 5, the pressure differential then continues to move the inlet valve 32 towards the plunger 20. The conical head 40 is now separated completely from the wall of the inlet bore openingl6 and there is room even for large debris to pass. In particular, if debris passes the collar head 40, it will not be captured by the conical face.
In figure 6, the inlet valve is completely open, fuel circulating from the inlet conduit 34 to the compression chamber through the bore 16, between the shoulder 44 and the wall of the bore 16, then between the collar portion 38 and the wall of the bore, and finally between the conical head 40 and the wall of the bore 16 to the compression chamber.
From the foregoing, it can be seen that the collar portion 38 controls flow during its initial opening (figure 4). The collar portion 38 is not used to seal the inlet valve 38 when closed but controls flow to enable the sealing surfaces of the conical head 40 to separate to a large extent, even at low flow. In other words, the flow control effort of the collar portion 38 causes the sealing conical surfaces to become the secondary resistance to low flow rates. This moves them further apart than if they were the primary resistance to flow.
At high flow (figure 6), the collar portion 38 is completely disengaged and the sealing surfaces of the conical head 40 become the dominant factor in the opening versus flow rate balance. In other words, at high speed, the collar portion 38 loses its dominance and the sealing conical head 40 becomes the primary resistance to flow.
Thanks to the collar portion 38, the inlet valve 32 opens widely at low flow rates and high flow rates, yet seals on a very large conical surface area.
The invention is now described when the HP pump is being used.
In use, the cam rotates and imparts to the piston axial X reciprocal displacements defining a pumping cycle between a top dead center position (TDC) where the volume of the compression chamber 18 is minimum and a bottom dead center position (BDC) where said volume is maximum. In the bore 16, the piston reciprocates between BDC and TDC and it varies cyclically the volume of the compression chamber 18 wherein fuel at low pressure enters via the fuel inlet conduit 34 controlled by the inlet valve 32 and exits after being pressurized, via the fuel outlet 40 controlled by the outlet valve 42.
When the plunger 18 goes down, the pressure in the compression chamber 18 lowers and the inlet valve 32 opens the fuel inlet 36, and the compression chamber 18 fills up with fuel.
As already mentioned, the collar portion blocking the path of the fuel at the beginning of the filling ensures that the particles are not trapped in the bore 16. On the contrary, thanks to the collar portion, the particles are dragged into the compression chamber.
When the plunger 18 goes up, the fuel contained in the compression chamber 18 is compressed and pushes the ball 44, such that compressed fuel exits through the fuel outlet 40.
LIST OF REFERENCES
X pumping axis TDC top dead centre BDC bottom dead centre high pressure pump -HP pump 12 head member 14 body 16 bore 18 compression chamber piston 22 end of piston 24 inlet chamber 26 cap 28 sealing base 32 inlet valve 34 inlet conduit 36 longitudinal portion 38 collar portion conical head 42 restriction 44 shoulder 46 fuel outlet 48 outlet valve ball 52 spring

Claims (7)

  1. CLAIMS: 1. A head member for a high pressure pump of a fuel injection equipment of an internal combustion engine, said head member comprising: a body (14) extending along a pumping axis (X) from an open end to a closed end, said closed end partially defining a compression chamber (18), an inlet valve (32) arranged to control, in use, low-pressure fuel entering the compression chamber (18) via an inlet bore (16) of the body (14), the inlet valve (32) being configured to move along an inlet axis such that fuels circulates in a passage delimited between the inlet valve (32) and a wall of the bore (16) in an open position, wherein the inlet valve is a poppet valve provided with a conical head (40) cooperating with the surrounding of an inlet bore opening of the inlet bore (16) in the compression chamber for sealing said inlet bore (16) in a closed position, and wherein the inlet valve (32) comprises a collar portion (38) adapted to slidably enter the inlet bore (16).
  2. 2 A head member as per claim 1, wherein said collar portion (38) is arranged to cooperate with the inlet bore to limit the fluid flow circulating in the compression chamber in the sliding movement of the inlet valve from the closed position to the open position.
  3. 3. A head member as per anyone of the preceding claims, wherein the inlet axis coincides with the pumping axis (X).
  4. 4. A head member as per anyone of the preceding claims, comprising a longitudinal portion (36), a shoulder (44) being defined between the longitudinal portion (36) and the collar portion (38).
  5. 5. A head member as per claim 4, wherein the collar portion (38) is disposed above the conical head (40) so that the fluid flow is limited by the collar portion (38) during the sliding movement of the inlet valve (32) from the closed position to the open position until the shoulder (44) enters the inlet bore opening in the compression chamber (18).
  6. 6. A head member as per claim 5, wherein the longitudinal portion (36) is aligned with the inlet valve axis.
  7. 7. A high pressure fuel pump of a fuel injection equipment of an internal combustion engine, said pump comprising: a head member (12) as per anyone of the preceding claims, a plunger (20) configured to reciprocate within said bore (16) along said pumping axis (X) to alternatively increase and decrease the volume of the compression chamber (18), a fuel outlet (46) controlled by an outlet valve (48) for allowing, in use, high-pressure fuel out of the compression chamber (18).
GB1819571.9A 2018-11-30 2018-11-30 Head member for a HP pump of a fuel injection system Withdrawn GB2579404A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1819571.9A GB2579404A (en) 2018-11-30 2018-11-30 Head member for a HP pump of a fuel injection system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1819571.9A GB2579404A (en) 2018-11-30 2018-11-30 Head member for a HP pump of a fuel injection system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB201819571D0 GB201819571D0 (en) 2019-01-16
GB2579404A true GB2579404A (en) 2020-06-24

Family

ID=65024734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB1819571.9A Withdrawn GB2579404A (en) 2018-11-30 2018-11-30 Head member for a HP pump of a fuel injection system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2579404A (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2332484A (en) * 1997-07-11 1999-06-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Inlet valve for a radial piston pump for high-pressure fuel supply
JP2003269278A (en) * 2002-03-11 2003-09-25 Yanmar Co Ltd Accumulator-distributor type fuel injection pump
DE102010000454A1 (en) * 2009-02-19 2010-10-21 DENSO CORPORATION, Kariya-shi Fuel supply pump
DE102011081867A1 (en) * 2011-08-31 2013-02-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Valve e.g. non-return valve, for e.g. common-rail high pressure pump for conveying fuel, has valve element with portions cooperated with valve seat of valve plate, so that throttling effect is realized depending on stroke of valve element

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2332484A (en) * 1997-07-11 1999-06-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Inlet valve for a radial piston pump for high-pressure fuel supply
JP2003269278A (en) * 2002-03-11 2003-09-25 Yanmar Co Ltd Accumulator-distributor type fuel injection pump
DE102010000454A1 (en) * 2009-02-19 2010-10-21 DENSO CORPORATION, Kariya-shi Fuel supply pump
DE102011081867A1 (en) * 2011-08-31 2013-02-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Valve e.g. non-return valve, for e.g. common-rail high pressure pump for conveying fuel, has valve element with portions cooperated with valve seat of valve plate, so that throttling effect is realized depending on stroke of valve element

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Publication number Publication date
GB201819571D0 (en) 2019-01-16

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