GB2574235A

GB2574235A - Apparatus and method for controlling vehicle movement

Info

Publication number: GB2574235A
Application number: GB1808919.3A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Woolliscroft Daniel; James Gordon Pither Edward; Cardoso Helio; Pettinger David
Original assignee: Jaguar Land Rover Ltd
Current assignee: Jaguar Land Rover Ltd
Priority date: 2018-05-31
Filing date: 2018-05-31
Publication date: 2019-12-04
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-31
Also published as: GB2574235B; GB201808919D0

Abstract

A controller 200 is provided with a control processor 210 which determines a defined manoeuvre opportunity for performing at least a portion of a defined manoeuvre (for example for parking a vehicle in a space) to a completion position, in which an output of a notification of a manoeuvre opportunity is provided automatically and independently of a user request, for example based on the vehicle speed, position or state. Controller 200 further can receive a user input indicating a request to perform the manoeuvre, and has an output 240 so that the manoeuvre can be performed. The system is particularly suitable for identifying one of multiple opportunities for performing the manoeuvre (for example one of several parking spaces).

Description

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING VEHICLE MOVEMENT

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to controlling movement of a vehicle and particularly, but not exclusively, to controlling performance of a defined manoeuvre by the vehicle. Aspects of the invention relate to a controller, to a system, to a method, to a vehicle and to computer software.

BACKGROUND

It is known for a vehicle to perform a defined manoeuvre, such as an automatic, or semiautonomous, parking manoeuvre. A user typically instructs the vehicle to identify a possible defined manoeuvre when the owner is ready, such as when the owner is looking for or at a parking location. The vehicle may be instructed to perform the manoeuvre remotely e.g. via a mobile device at which a user input is received to instruct the manoeuvre.

Environment sensing means of the vehicle are used to determine a location of features in a vicinity of the vehicle such as, although not exclusively, markings, walls, posts, other vehicles etc. The vehicle may then be instructed, such as via the mobile device or other input medium, to move to a parked location in relation to the features. For example, it may be desired for a vehicle to move into a parking space bounded by the features. In order to prevent the vehicle contacting an object the environment sensing means determines a distance between the vehicle and the object and the automatic parking manoeuvre is performed to leave the vehicle a separation distance from the object. For example, the vehicle may be reversed towards the feature, until an appropriate separation distance is determined by the environment sensing means.

Performance of the manoeuvre generally moves the vehicle from a start position, such as outside the parking space, to a completed position, such as in the parking space. If the vehicle has reached a completed parked position, the user can switch the vehicle off, typically with a parking brake applied.

It is an object of embodiments of the invention to at least mitigate one or more of the problems of the prior art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aspects and embodiments of the invention provide a controller, a system, a method, a vehicle and computer software as claimed in the appended claims.

According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a controller arranged to operably cause a vehicle to automatically notify a user of an opportunity to perform a defined manoeuvre.

According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a controller comprising:

input means for receiving an input signal;

control means arranged to determine a defined manoeuvre opportunity for a performance of at least a portion of a defined manoeuvre by a vehicle;

notification output means for outputting a notification signal; the control means being arranged to control the notification output means to output the notification signal indicative of the determination by the control means of the defined manoeuvre opportunity;

the control means being arranged to control the notification output means to automatically notify a vehicle user independently of a user request for determination by the control means of the defined manoeuvre opportunity; wherein the control means is arranged to control the notification output means to notify the vehicle user of the defined manoeuvre opportunity in dependence on the input signal being indicative of a vehicle parameter, manoeuvre output means for outputting a manoeuvre signal to cause the vehicle to perform the defined manoeuvre; and request input means for receiving a request signal indicative of a user request for the performance of at least the portion of the defined manoeuvre, the manoeuvre output means being controlled by the control means to cause the vehicle to perform the defined manoeuvre in dependence on the request signal.

The controller as described above, wherein:

the input means may comprise an electrical input for receiving the signal;

the output means may comprise an electrical output for outputting the signal; and the control means may comprise one or more control devices such as electronic processing devices.

The defined manoeuvre may comprise a parking manoeuvre. The parking manoeuvre may comprise an in-parking manoeuvre, such as parking into a space to a stationary position. The parking manoeuvre may comprise an un-parking manoeuvre, such as parking out of a space from a stationary position. The defined manoeuvre completed position may comprise a parked position.

The vehicle parameter may be a non-speed parameter. The vehicle parameter may be indicative of at least one of: a status of the vehicle; and a position of the vehicle.

The vehicle parameter may be associable with the performance of the defined manoeuvre. The vehicle parameter may be selectable from at least two vehicle parameters, the two vehicle parameters including at least a vehicle speed parameter and at least one vehicle additional parameter. The vehicle additional parameter may comprise the non-speed parameter.

The control means may be arranged to control the notification means to output the notification signal indicative of the defined manoeuvre opportunity without requiring a user activation of the controller to determine the defined manoeuvre opportunity.

The control means may be arranged to control the notification means to output the notification signal indicative of the determination of the defined manoeuvre opportunity in dependence on the input signal from the input means, wherein the controller is arranged to receive the input signal from at least one of a plurality of input sources.

The control means may be arranged to control the notification means to output the notification signal indicative of the determination of the defined manoeuvre opportunity, in dependence on the input signal, wherein the input signal comprises at least one of:

an environment signal indicative of a location of at least one feature in a vicinity of the vehicle;

a motion signal indicative of a motion of the vehicle;

a steering signal indicative of a steering input;

an event signal indicative of a vehicle event; and a location signal indicative of a vehicle location.

The control means may be arranged to control the notification means to output the notification signal in dependence on a determination by the control means of a user-initiated manoeuvre.

The control means may be arranged to transfer control from the user to the control means for a continuance of the performance of the user-initiated manoeuvre as a defined manoeuvre.

The control means may be arranged to determine the opportunity in dependence on a determination of a planned trajectory to perform the defined manoeuvre to a defined manoeuvre completed position.

The control means may be arranged to determine a plurality of opportunities for performing at least a portion of a defined manoeuvre, the control means being arranged to control the notification means to output the notification signal to the user of the determination of the plurality of opportunities.

The controller may comprise user input means for receiving a request signal indicative of a received signal indicative of a user request. The request signal may be indicative of a wired or a wirelessly received signal indicative of the user request, such as from a user’s mobile device. Advantageously this may allow the vehicle to be effectively instructed from a user’s mobile device, such as remotely instructed with the user out of the vehicle.

The user may comprise an occupant. The user may comprise a driver of the vehicle. The user may be located in the vehicle. The user may be located out of the vehicle, such as for at least a portion of performance of the defined manoeuvre. The vehicle may comprise one or more non-driver occupants. In at least some examples, one or more users and/or occupants may be located in and/or out of the vehicle.

The control means may be arranged to control the manoeuvre output means to perform the defined manoeuvre from a user-initiated manoeuvre end position in dependence on the request signal. Advantageously, the vehicle may be caused to perform a defined manoeuvre from a non-specific defined manoeuvre start position, such as corresponding to any userinitiated manoeuvre end position or not a prescribed defined manoeuvre start position.

The user-initiated manoeuvre may comprise a parking manoeuvre. The user-initiated parking manoeuvre may comprise a partial parking manoeuvre, such as to an incomplete parked position (e.g. not fully in or out of a parking place). The parking manoeuvre may comprise an in-parking manoeuvre, such as parking into a space to a stationary position. The parking manoeuvre may comprise an un-parking manoeuvre, such as parking out of a space from a stationary position. The user-initiated manoeuvre end position may comprise a stationary vehicle position.

The control means may be arranged to detect performance of the user-initiated manoeuvre, in dependence on the input signal. The control means may be arranged to control the notification output means to notify the user of the detection by the control means of the userinitiated manoeuvre. Advantageously, the user may be alerted to a possibility of the performance of the defined manoeuvre.

The control means may be arranged to control the notification output means to automatically output the notification signal on detection by the control means of the user-initiated manoeuvre. The control means may be arranged to offer the user continuance as a defined manoeuvre. Advantageously the user may be offered the possibility of the performance of the defined manoeuvre without necessarily explicitly requesting or seeking the possibility.

The control means may be arranged to control the notification output means to output the notification signal independently of a user request for the manoeuvre output means to be controlled by the control means. Advantageously, the controller may be configured to automatically output the notification signal without requiring an activation of the control means by the vehicle user. For example, the user may otherwise be unaware of the possibility of the performance of a defined manoeuvre (such as in a particular scenario) such that allowing the notification signal to be output independently of the user request may allow the user to be offered the possibility of more or more useful defined manoeuvres (e.g. compared to only those expressly sought by the user in advance).

The control means may be arranged to control the notification output means in dependence at least partially on the input signal received prior to the user-initiated manoeuvre to the user-initiated manoeuvre end position. Advantageously the control means may be able to determine from the prior input signal whether one or more defined manoeuvres is possible (e.g. where the prior input signal comprised data no longer available via a corresponding input means).

The control means may be configurable to suppress the notification output means, such as from notifying the vehicle user of the detection by the control means of the user-initiated manoeuvre. Advantageously, the user can customise the control means. For example, in a scenario or type of scenario where the user may not wish to perform a defined manoeuvre (e.g. where the user has a different identity, such as when the vehicle has a different driver), then the control means can be configured not to notify the user.

The control means may be arranged to control the manoeuvre output means to cause the vehicle to follow a planned trajectory from the user-initiated manoeuvre end position to a defined manoeuvre completed position. Advantageously, the control means can determine a trajectory in advance for the vehicle to perform the defined manoeuvre.

The planned trajectory may comprise at least a partial correction of the user-initiated manoeuvre performed prior to the user request. Advantageously, at least a portion of the user-initiated manoeuvre can be corrected or undone. For example, where a user has entered or partially entered a parking space or location suboptimally in a user-initiated parking manoeuvre, such as at an unsuitable angle of the vehicle relative to the space or location, the control means may be arranged to more suitably position the vehicle in the space or location; and/or arranged to remove the vehicle from the parking space or location (e.g. to entirely restart the parking as a defined manoeuvre).

The control means may be arranged to control the manoeuvre output means to cause the vehicle to perform a reversal of at least a portion of the user-initiated manoeuvre performed prior to the defined manoeuvre.

The control means may be arranged to control the manoeuvre output means to perform the defined manoeuvre from a user-defined start position for the defined manoeuvre, the userdefined start position for the defined manoeuvre corresponding to the user-initiated manoeuvre end position. The start position for the defined manoeuvre may comprise an intermediate manoeuvre position, such as partially in and/or out of a vehicle vacancy

The controller may comprise memory means for storing data therein. The memory means may be arranged to store data received via the input means. The control means may be arranged to control the notification means to output the notification signal indicative of the opportunity in dependence on the data

The stored data may be indicative of a previously performed defined manoeuvre.

The control means may be arranged to control the manoeuvre output means to cause the vehicle to perform a repetition of at least a portion of the previously performed defined manoeuvre. The performance may be selective.

The control means may be arranged to control the manoeuvre output means to cause the vehicle to perform a reversal of at least a portion of the previously performed defined manoeuvre. The reversal may comprise a contra-manoeuvre or inversion. For example, the reversal may comprise an unparking manoeuvre of a previous parking manoeuvre, or a parking manoeuvre of a previous unparking manoeuvre.

The stored data may be indicative of a previously performed user-initiated manoeuvre.

The control means may be arranged to control the notification output means to notify the user in dependence on the previously-performed user-initiated manoeuvre having been followed by a defined manoeuvre.

The input means may be arranged to receive a plurality of input signals from a plurality of input sources, the plurality of input signals being selected from at least:

an environment signal indicative of a feature in a vicinity of the vehicle;

a motion signal indicative of a motion of the vehicle;

a steering signal indicative of a user steering;

an event signal indicative of a vehicle event; and a location signal indicative of a geographical location.

According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a system, comprising: the controller as described above, arranged to output the manoeuvre signal; and actuator means for receiving the manoeuvre signal to cause the vehicle to perform the defined manoeuvre.

The system may comprise environment sensing means for determining the location of one or more features in the vicinity of the vehicle; and for outputting the environment signal indicative thereof.

The environment sensing means may be automatically activatable in dependence on the vehicle speed parameter.

The environment sensing means may be automatically activatable independently of the vehicle speed parameter.

The environment sensing means may be automatically activatable in dependence on the vehicle additional parameter.

The environment sensing means may be automatically activatable independently of the vehicle additional parameter.

The environment sensing means may be automatically activatable in dependence on either of the vehicle speed parameter or the vehicle additional parameter. For example, reaching an appropriate threshold of either of the vehicle speed parameter or the vehicle additional parameter may be sufficient to automatically activate the environment sensing means.

The environment sensing means may be automatically activatable independently of either of the vehicle speed parameter or the vehicle additional parameter. Advantageously, the environment sensing means may only require one parameter (e.g. reaching a threshold) to be activated.

The system may comprise receiver means. The receiver means may be for receiving a user signal indicative of the user request. The receiver means may be for outputting the request signal in dependence on receipt of the user signal. The receiver means may be for receiving a wired and/or wireless signal, such as from a mobile device indicative of the user request. Advantageously user requests can be received originating from external to the vehicle, so as to allow defined manoeuvre performance in at least some instances whilst the occupant is out of the vehicle.

The system may comprise a notification means for notifying the user.

According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of controlling movement of a vehicle to perform a defined manoeuvre, the method comprising:

receiving an input signal, the input signal being indicative of a vehicle parameter, determining with a control means a defined manoeuvre opportunity for a performance of at least a portion of a defined manoeuvre by a vehicle;

automatically notifying a vehicle user of the determination of the defined manoeuvre opportunity for the performance of at least a portion of the defined manoeuvre, independently of a user request for determination of the defined manoeuvre opportunity for the performance of at least the portion of the defined manoeuvre; the notification of the vehicle user of the opportunity being in dependence on receipt of the input signal being indicative of a vehicle parameter;

receiving a request signal indicative of a user request for the performance of at least the portion of the defined manoeuvre with a manoeuvre output means controlled by the control means;

outputting a manoeuvre signal with a manoeuvre output means controlled by the control means to cause the vehicle to perform the defined manoeuvre in dependence on the request signal.

The vehicle parameter may be a non-speed parameter and may be indicative of at least one of: a status of the vehicle; and a position of the vehicle.

The method may comprise controlling the notification means to output the notification signal indicative of the opportunity for the performance of the portion of the defined manoeuvre without requiring a user activation of the control means to seek determination of the opportunity.

The method may comprise notifying the user of the determination of the opportunity, in dependence on receipt of the input signal and the input signal comprises at least one of:

a motion signal indicative of a motion of the vehicle;

a steering signal indicative of a user steering input;

The method may comprise performing the defined manoeuvre, wherein the defined manoeuvre is a parking manoeuvre.

The method may comprise determining a user-initiated manoeuvre and notifying the user of the opportunity in dependence on the determination of the user-initiated manoeuvre.

The method may comprise receiving an environment signal indicative of a location of at least one feature in the vicinity of the vehicle;

detecting a vacancy in dependence on the environment signal, the vacancy comprising a vehicle envelope suitable for receiving the vehicle in a defined manoeuvre completed position; and determining the opportunity in dependence on the detection of the vacancy.

The vehicle envelope may comprise a target position suitable for receiving the vehicle in the defined manoeuvre completed position. The vehicle envelope may comprise a target defined manoeuvre completed position. The vehicle envelope may be determined in dependence on a one-dimensional property and/or measurement and/or estimation. The vehicle envelope may be determined in dependence on the environment signal being indicative of a length, such as an unobstructed length between features, the unobstructed length being sufficiently long for receiving the vehicle in the defined manoeuvre completed position. The vehicle envelope may be determined in dependence on a two-dimensional property and/or measurement and/or estimation. For example, the vehicle envelope may be determined in dependence on the environment signal being indicative of a length, such as between features, wherein along that length there is no obstruction within a particular width or breadth perpendicular to the length. The particular width or bready may correspond to at least a width or breadth of the vehicle, such as a vehicle width when the vehicle is parked and in a closed configuration, such as with vehicle aperture members closed. The particular width or breadth may correspond to at least a length of the vehicle, such as a vehicle length when the vehicle is parked and in the closed configuration in a perpendicular or parking lot or fishbone diagonal parked position. The vehicle envelope may comprise at least one dimension of a parking area and the defined manoeuvre completed position may be a parked position. The vehicle envelope may correspond to a predefined parking space. The vehicle envelope may comprise a target length, area or volume for receiving the vehicle in or on in the defined manoeuvre completed position.

The method may comprise receiving a request signal indicative of a wired or wirelessly received signal indicative of a user request for vehicle movement.

The method may comprise storing data in a memory means, and determining the opportunity in dependence on the data.

The method may comprise associating the vehicle parameter with the performance of the defined manoeuvre. The vehicle parameter may be selectable from at least two vehicle parameters, the two vehicle parameters including at least a vehicle speed parameter and at least one vehicle additional parameter.

The method may comprise receiving the request signal, wherein the request signal is indicative of a user request to transfer control from the user to the control means for a continuance of a user-initiated manoeuvre as the defined manoeuvre.

The method may comprise, in dependence on the input signal, detecting with the control means the user-initiated manoeuvre, notifying the user of the detection by the control means of the user-initiated manoeuvre; and offering transfer of control to the control means for the continuance of the user-initiated manoeuvre as the defined manoeuvre.

The method may comprise allowing the vehicle to revert to user control prior to completion of the defined manoeuvre to a defined manoeuvre completed position.

The method may comprise determining a location of one or more features in a vicinity of the vehicle with an environment sensing means.

The method may comprise receiving a signal from a mobile device indicative of a user request to perform the defined manoeuvre.

According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a vehicle comprising a controller according to an aspect of the invention, a system according to an aspect of the invention or arranged to perform a method according to an aspect of the invention.

According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided computer software which, when executed by a processing means, is arranged to perform a method according to an aspect of the invention. The computer software may be stored on a computer readable medium. The computer software may be tangibly stored on a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium may be non-transitory.

Any controller or controllers described herein may suitably comprise a control unit or computational device having one or more electronic processors. Thus, the system may comprise a single control unit or electronic controller or alternatively different functions of the controller may be embodied in, or hosted in, different control units or controllers. As used herein the term “controller” or “control unit” will be understood to include both a single control unit or controller and a plurality of control units or controllers in a control system collectively operating to provide any stated control functionality. To configure a controller, a suitable set of instructions may be provided which, when executed, cause said control unit or computational device to implement the control techniques specified herein. The set of instructions may suitably be embedded in said one or more electronic processors. Alternatively, the set of instructions may be provided as software saved on one or more memory associated with said controller to be executed on said computational device. A first controller may be implemented in software run on one or more processors. One or more other controllers may be implemented in software run on one or more processors, optionally the same one or more processors as the first controller. Other suitable arrangements may also be used.

Within the scope of this application it is expressly intended that the various aspects, embodiments, examples and alternatives set out in the preceding paragraphs, in the claims and/or in the following description and drawings, and in particular the individual features thereof, may be taken independently or in any combination. That is, all embodiments and/or features of any embodiment can be combined in any way and/or combination, unless such features are incompatible. The applicant reserves the right to change any originally filed claim or file any new claim accordingly, including the right to amend any originally filed claim to depend from and/or incorporate any feature of any other claim although not originally claimed in that manner.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

One or more embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1a shows a vehicle in relation to a feature in a vicinity of the vehicle;

Figure 1b shows the vehicle in relation to the feature in the vicinity of the vehicle in another scenario;

Figure 2 shows a controller according to an embodiment of the invention;

Figure 3 shows a system according to an embodiment of the invention;

Figure 4 shows a method according to an embodiment of the invention;

Figure 5a illustrates movement of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;

Figure 5b illustrates movement of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention in another scenario; and

Figure 6 is a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Figures 1a and 1b illustrate a vehicle 110 according to an embodiment of the invention in two example scenarios. In Figures 1a and 1b, the vehicle 110 is illustrated as having a vehicle forward direction, indicated by arrow 114, shown parallel to a central longitudinal axis 112 of the vehicle 110. In the illustrated scenarios, the vehicle 110 is shown at a position from a previous manoeuvre (controlled or user-controlled). In Figure 1a, the vehicle 110 is shown at a parked position where a user may be about to attempt, or attempting, to exit a vacancy 172 in an unparking manoeuvre. In the particular scenario shown in Figure 1a, it may be desirable to perform a defined manoeuvre to unpark the vehicle 110 to a defined manoeuvre completed position outside the vacancy 172. In Figure 1b, the vehicle 110 is shown at a position from a previous manoeuvre (controlled or user-controlled) where the user may wish to attempt to, or be attempting to, enter the vacancy 172 in a parking manoeuvre. In the particular scenario shown in Figure 1b, it may be desirable to perform a defined manoeuvre to park the vehicle 110 to a defined manoeuvre completed position inside the vacancy 172. In each of the scenarios shown in Figures 1a and 1b, the user may be unaware of a possibility for a performance of a defined manoeuvre. The user may have difficulty or not wish to perform a user-controlled manoeuvre from the positions shown in Figures 1a and 1b. Similarly, the user may not wish to re-position the vehicle to a predetermined or prescribed defined manoeuvre start position for a performance of a defined manoeuvre.

Embodiments of the present invention aim to ameliorate such problems.

It will be understood in the scenarios shown in Figures 1a and 1b that the shown vehicle positions may correspond to defined manoeuvre start positions. The defined manoeuvre start position or positions may not be prescribed (e.g. the user may not be required to position the vehicle at a particular predetermined position relative to the vacancy 172). The defined manoeuvres performed from the positions of Figures 1a and 1b may be manoeuvres of the vehicle 110 which are performed automatically by the vehicle 110 i.e. under control of one or more systems of the vehicle 110. The defined manoeuvre may be considered to be performed automatically by the vehicle 110, or at least semi autonomously. As shown, in Figure 1a the defined manoeuvre may be an unparking manoeuvre to control the vehicle 110 to drive out of a parking place. As shown, in Figure 1 b the defined manoeuvre may be a parking manoeuvre to control the vehicle 110 to drive into a parking place.

As will be further explained, it may be advantageous for at least a portion of the defined manoeuvre to be performed whilst a person in control of the vehicle 110 is external to the vehicle 110. For example, access from the vehicle 110 may be limited in Figure 1b after performing or at least completing the defined manoeuvre.

To perform the defined manoeuvre, the vehicle 110 comprises environment sensing means for determining a location of features 125, 140, 150 in the vicinity of the vehicle 110. The environment sensing means may comprise one or more sensing devices or imaging devices. The one or more sensing devices may emit radiation and receive radiation reflected from the features in the vicinity of the vehicle, such as ultrasonic sensing devices, although it will be appreciated that the present invention is not limited in this respect. Such environment sensing means have a minimum distance to which accuracy the location of the features 125 may be determined due to, for example, a resolution of an imaging device or a signal-tonoise ratio of a sensing device.

In the particular example shown here, the vehicle 110 comprises a portion of the environment sensing means in or on a vehicle moveable projection 182. For example, each side or wing mirror of the vehicle 110 can have a camera or the like mounted thereto or thereon.

Figure 2 illustrates a controller 200 or control unit 200 according to an embodiment of the invention, such as comprised in the vehicle 110 of Figures 1 (a) and 1 (b).

The controller 200 comprises a control means 210, input means 230 and output means 240. Here the output means 240 comprises a notification means and an output means for outputting a manoeuvre signal.

The controller’s 200 input means is arranged to receive the input signal from at least one of a plurality of input sources.

The control means 210 is arranged to control the notification means to output a notification signal indicative of the determination by the control means 210 of a defined manoeuvre opportunity, in dependence on the input signal. The input signal comprises at least one of:

a motion signal indicative of a motion of the vehicle;

a steering signal indicative of a steering input;

Here, the input means 230 is for receiving at least the environment signal indicative of the features 125, 140, 150 in the vicinity of the vehicle 110. The controller 200 also includes a request input means for receiving a request signal indicative of a user request.

The control means 210 is arranged to control the output means 240 to cause the vehicle 110 to perform at least a portion of the defined manoeuvre in dependence on the environment signal.

In some embodiments, the controller comprises a memory means 220 such as one or more memory devices 220 for storing data therein. The output means 240 may comprise an electrical output for outputting the manoeuvre signal. The manoeuvre signal represents an instruction for the vehicle 110 to move. The instruction provided by the manoeuvre signal is provided to cause the vehicle 110 to perform the defined manoeuvre.

The control means 210 may be formed by one or more electronic processing devices such as an electronic processor. The processor may operably execute computer readable instructions stored in the one or more memory devices 220. The control means 210 is arranged to control the output means 240 to output the manoeuvre signal in dependence on the environment signal, as will be explained. In some embodiments, the input means 230 and output means 240 may be combined such as by being formed by an I/O unit or interface unit. For example, the controller 210 may comprise an interface to a network forming a communication bus of a vehicle. The interface bus may be an Internet Protocol (IP) based communication bus such as Ethernet, although embodiments of the invention are not limited in this respect.

The input means 230 may comprise an electrical input for receiving the environment signal. The input means 230 may comprise an electrical input for receiving the request signal. Here, the request signal is indicative of a wired or wirelessly received signal representing a user request for movement of the vehicle 110.

As shown here, the memory means 220 can be used to store data from the input means 230. For example, the memory means can store data about the features 125, 140, 150, or the vacancy 172 for future use. For example, where an occupant or user of the vehicle 110 has actively selected (e.g. by inputting one or more parameter inputs) or implicitly shown (e.g. through a repeated behavioural or use pattern) at least one preference for a performance of a defined manoeuvre for one or more scenarios, the memory means can store data corresponding to the preference to provide a default and/or automatic parameter of the defined manoeuvre in dependence on the input (e.g. environment signal and/or location signal, etc) being indicative of a such or similar scenario for the one or more preferences. For example, where a user in a particular scenario repeatedly performs a userinitiated manoeuvre to a user-initiated manoeuvre end position prior to performance of a defined manoeuvre from the user-initiated manoeuvre end position, then the control means may be arranged to notify the user of the possibility of the performance of the defined manoeuvre in advance and/or during and/or upon completion of the user-initiated manoeuvre. Alternatively, the control means may be arranged to suppress notification of the possible defined manoeuvre - for example, where a user may appear to prefer only initiating the defined manoeuvre from the user-initiated manoeuvre end position and not a position prior thereto, then the notification of the possibility of the defined manoeuvre may be supressed, such as until the vehicle is at or near the user-initiated manoeuvre end position.

The data may be stored prior to and during performance of the defined manoeuvre, for use during the performance of the defined manoeuvre. In addition, or alternatively, the data may be stored for use during a subsequent defined manoeuvre. For example, where the data is stored prior to or during the performance of the manoeuvre to arrive at the position of Figure 1a or 1b, or the defined manoeuvre completed position of either of Figures 5a or 5b, then the stored data may be used for or during a subsequent defined manoeuvre, such as an unparking manoeuvre from the defined manoeuvre completed position of Figure 5b. Where stored data, such as of the features 125, 140, 150 is used for the performance of at least a portion of the defined manoeuvre, the controller 200 may perform a check, such as to the validity or continued validity of the data. For example, the controller 200 may corroborate the data with another input, such as with a later input from the environment sensing means, or input from another portion of the environment sensing means (e.g. another sensor or camera located at another portion of the vehicle 110, the another sensor or camera able to confirm the continued presence and/or position of the one or more features 125, 140).

In at least some examples, as here, the controller 210 comprises a second input means for receiving the request signal indicative of the received signal indicative of the user request, such as a wirelessly received signal. The user request may be for the performance of the defined manoeuvre to a target defined manoeuvre completed position.

It will be appreciated that the controller 200 may be arranged to perform a portion of the defined manoeuvre in a particular mode. For example, the user may initiate the manoeuvre with control in a first mode to perform a first portion of the manoeuvre, with control thereafter being in a different mode with the mode of performance being variable during the performance of the portion of the defined manoeuvre (e.g. between an occupant-in-vehicle mode and an occupant-out-of-vehicle mode).

Figure 3 illustrates a system 300 according to an embodiment of the invention. The system 300 comprises the controller 210 described above and shown in Figure 2.

The system 300 here comprises notification means for notifying the user of the defined manoeuvre opportunity. The system 300 comprises environment sensing means 330 for determining information about an environment of the vehicle 110. In particular, the environment sensing means 330 is provided for determining a location of one or more features in a vicinity of the vehicle 110. In at least some examples, a portion of the environment sensing means is associated with the one or more moveable projections 182, such as at least one sensor or camera mounted in or on a vehicle wing mirror. The environment sensing means 330 is arranged to output an environment signal indicative of the determined features. The environment signal may be environment data which may be stored in the memory. The environment sensing means may comprise one or more sensing devices such as imaging devices, such as cameras, or other sensing devices such as LIDAR, radar, ultrasonic devices, sonar devices etc. Signals output by each of the sensing devices may be used to form a representation of the environment of the vehicle 110 which is stored in the memory for use by other systems of the vehicle 110.

Here, the environment sensing means 330 is arranged to determine a location of features such as surface markings, which may be painted lines denoting a perimeter of a parking bay, for example, or objects such as walls, posts or other vehicles in relation to which the vehicle is required to manoeuvre. The control means is arranged to determine an absence of features, such as a separation between obstructive features, such as the adjacent features 140, 150 shown here, in dependence on the environment signal. Accordingly, the control means is arranged to determine a vacancy 172 where no features, such as no obstructive features, are located. Where the vacancy 172 is sufficiently great, the control means is arranged to determine a vehicle envelope suitable for receiving the vehicle 110 in the defined manoeuvre completed position. The vehicle envelope comprises a target position suitable for receiving the vehicle 110 in the defined manoeuvre completed position. As such, the vehicle envelope here comprises a target defined manoeuvre completed position. In at least this example, the vehicle envelope is determined in dependence on a one-dimensional property and/or measurement and/or estimation. In particular, here, the vehicle envelope is determined in dependence on the environment signal being indicative of a length, such as an unobstructed length between features 140, 150. The unobstructed length is sufficiently long for receiving the vehicle 110 in the defined manoeuvre completed position, the length here being a separation between features 140, 150 that is greater than the vehicle length in the defined manoeuvre completed position. The defined manoeuvre may comprise, for example, parking in a parked position.

The controller 210 of the system 300 here comprises defined manoeuvre means. The control means is arranged to control the vehicle 110 to perform at least one defined manoeuvre. The controller 210 may comprise a defined manoeuvre controller for controlling one or more systems of the vehicle 110 to perform one or more defined manoeuvres. The defined manoeuvre means may be associated with one or more actuators 350 of the vehicle 110. The one or more actuators 350 are provided for effecting movement of the vehicle 110. The actuators may comprise one or more of a power steering mechanism arranged to provide steering of wheels of the vehicle 110 in dependence on signals received from the controller 210. A second actuator may comprise a powered braking mechanism of the vehicle 110 which is arranged to actuate brakes of the vehicle in dependence on signals received from the controller 210. A third actuator comprises the powertrain of the vehicle. The controller 210 is arranged to control the steering of the vehicle wheel 180 relative to the feature 125. A fourth actuator 350 comprises one or more mechanisms for altering the position of the one or more moveable projections 182.

The system 300 shown here comprises a motive control means 320. The motive control means 320 may be a motive control unit. The motive control means 320 is arranged to receive the manoeuvre signal output by the controller 210. The motive control means 320 is associated with one or more motive units of the vehicle 110 which may form part of a powertrain (not shown) of the vehicle 110. The motive units may comprise one or more of an internal combustion engine and one or more electric machines of the vehicle 110. The powertrain is arranged to provide power, or torque, to cause movement in the longitudinal axis of the vehicle 110 i.e. forward or backward movement of the vehicle 100 in dependence on the manoeuvre signal received from the controller 210. The motive control means 320 is arranged to control the application of torque to one or more wheels of the vehicle 110 to move the vehicle 110 in the longitudinal axis of the vehicle i.e. to move the vehicle generally forwards or backwards. The torque may comprise driving torque i.e. applied in a direction of desired movement, such as forwards. The torque may also comprise braking torque i.e. applied to resist the driving torque. In at least some embodiments both driving torque and braking torque may be applied simultaneously in order to provide low-speed movement of the vehicle 110. The braking torque may also be applied at least partly after the driving torque in order to effect accurate movement of the vehicle 110. To achieve control of the steering, the controller 210 may communicate with the motive control means 320. Thus, the one or more actuators 350 can control a direction and movement of the vehicle to perform the defined manoeuvre. The defined manoeuvre is performed in dependence on the environment signal provided by the environment sensing means 330.

The one or more defined manoeuvres which may be performed by the vehicle 110 under control of the controller 210 may comprise a parking manoeuvre, such as shown in Figure 5b wherein the vehicle 110 is controlled to arrive at a parked position.

As shown here, the system 300 comprises a receiver means 310 for receiving a signal 305. The signal 305 may be wirelessly received from a mobile device 390 associated with a person responsible for the vehicle 110. The signal 305 is indicative of a user request for vehicle movement of the vehicle 110, as noted above. The receiver means 310 is arranged to output the request signal to the input means 230 of the controller 210 as described above. The request signal may be output by the receiver means 310 onto a communication bus of the vehicle 110 which may communicably couple the components of the system 300.

The receiver means 310 may be in the form of a radio unit 310. The radio unit 310 may comprise a receiver for receiving radio signals 305 from the mobile device 390. In some embodiments, the radio unit 310 may also comprise a transmitter, or may be a transceiver 310 configured to receive radio signals 305 transmitted from the mobile device 390 and transmit signals to the mobile device 390. The radio unit 103 and the mobile device 390 may be arranged to provide a wireless local area network, via which two-way communication may take place between the radio unit 103 and the mobile device 390. For example, the radio unit 103 may be arranged to communicate by WiFi (RTM) with the mobile device 390. In alternative embodiments, other radio communication standards may be used for the communication. In one example, communication between the radio unit 103 and the mobile device 390 is provided via Bluetooth (RTM), although other protocols or standards may be envisaged.

The mobile device 390 may be an electronic key fob associated with the vehicle 110, such as may be used to gain entry and to activate or power up the vehicle 110. The mobile device 390 may, in other embodiments, be an electronic device associated with the person responsible for the vehicle 100 such as a mobile telephone, tablet, watch, wearable electronic device or other computing device associated with the person. The mobile device 390 is capable of receiving a user input indicating the person’s desire to move the vehicle

110. The user input may be provided in the form of a button or key press, activation of a graphically displayed icon, a gesture or voice command. Other forms of user input may also be envisaged.

Figure 4 illustrates a method 400 according to an embodiment of the invention. The method 400 is a method of controlling movement of the vehicle 110. The method 400 may be formed by the controller 210 and system 300 described above with reference to Figures 2 and 3. The method 400 will be described with reference to Figures 5a and 5b as examples which correspond to the scenarios shown in Figures 1a and 1b respectively.

The method 400 broadly comprises steps of receiving 410 the input signal, and, in dependence thereon, determining 415 a defined manoeuvre opportunity; and notifying 425 the user of the opportunity. Thereafter, the user has the option to request the performance of the defined manoeuvre. Upon receipt 420 of the user request, the control means 220 controls the manoeuvre output means 240 to move the vehicle 110 to the defined manoeuvre completed position. In the example shown in Figure 5a, following completion of the defined manoeuvre 440, normal driving can be performed. For example, the user can perform manually-controlled driving to drive the vehicle 110 away from the scenario of Figure 5a entirely.

Referring to Figure 4, the illustrated embodiment of the method 400 comprises a step of receiving 410 the input signal from the input means, such as from the environment sensing means 330. For example, the input signal may be indicative of a feature 125, 140, 150 in the vicinity of the vehicle 110. The controller 210 determines 415 whether the environment signal is indicative of one or more features 125, 140, 150 in the vicinity of the vehicle 110 corresponding to whether the vehicle 110 can perform the defined manoeuvre. Accordingly, the vehicle 110 can be moved out of the vacancy 172 of Figure 1a and 5a. In at least some examples, the defined manoeuvre opportunity is notified 425 automatically to the user, explicitly alerting the user to the availability of the defined manoeuvre opportunity without requiring any request or instruction from the user to seek such opportunity. Here, the control means 410 is arranged to control the notification output means to output the notification signal independently of a user request for the manoeuvre output means 440 to be controlled by the control means 410. In at least some examples, the controller 200 is configured to automatically output the notification signal without requiring an activation of the control means 210 by the vehicle user. In at least some scenarios, the user may otherwise be unaware of the possibility of the performance of a defined manoeuvre, such that allowing the notification signal to be output independently of the user request may allow the user to be offered the possibility of more or more useful defined manoeuvres (e.g. compared to only those expressly sought by the user in advance).

Figure 5a shows the vehicle 110 following an unparking defined manoeuvre from the position of Figure 1a, the position of Figure 1a shown in Figure 5a in broken lines. The vehicle 110 is shown as having moved in a rearwards direction, opposite to the forward longitudinal direction 114, and also in the forward direction 114, with controlled operation of steerable wheels 180 to angle the vehicle 110 to perform sequential trajectory parts (not shown) of the unparking defined manoeuvre from the position of Figurela to the defined manoeuvre completed position of Figure 5a. It will be appreciated, although not shown here, the vehicle may comprise steerable rear wheels in at least some examples.

In Figure 5a the vehicle 110 is shown at the defined manoeuvre completed position outside the vacancy 172, where the defined manoeuvre would be performed with the vehicle performing an unparking defined manoeuvre to exit the vacancy 172 with multiple trajectory portions to perform the defined manoeuvre. The vehicle 110 is shown in relation to a feature 125 in a vicinity of the vehicle 110. The feature 125 is, in this example, an object which is a wall that is parallel to the longitudinal axis 112 of the vacancy 172. The object is not limited to being a wall 125 and may be, for example, a bollard, fence, barrier, or other object at or adjacent the vacancy 172, such as to form a boundary thereof. As shown in Figures 1a and 5a, another feature 140, in the form of a stationary vehicle is located at an end of the vacancy 172, to the rear of the vehicle 110 as shown in Figure 1a. As shown in Figures 1a and 5a, another stationary vehicle 150 is located at an opposite end of the vacancy, in front of the vehicle 110 in the position as shown in Figure 1 a.

It will be appreciated that in at least some such scenarios, multiple trajectory parts may be required to iteratively transition the vehicle 110 out of the vacancy 172. It will be appreciated that although shown here in plan view, the scenarios depicted are three dimensional.

As can be seen in Figure 5a, the vehicle 110 in the defined manoeuvre completed position (on the right, outside the vacancy 172 as shown in Figure 5a) is positioned adjacent the foremost stationary vehicle 150, with a clearance therebetween. From the defined manoeuvre completed position of Figure 5a, the vehicle 110 may be driven normally, such as manually. It will be appreciated that the particular scenario of Figure 5a may correspond to a scenario whereby the vehicle 110 in the defined manoeuvre completed position is correctly positioned for driving off normally, such as with a direction or a flow of traffic. For example, the vehicle 110 may be positioned on a road where vehicles drive on the left-hand side of the road (e.g. in the UK), such that the vehicle 110 is not pointed into oncoming traffic in the particular scenario shown in Figure 5a. From the defined manoeuvre completed position, a user may have or take control of the vehicle 110, following completion of the defined manoeuvre.

Figure 5b shows the vehicle 110 following the parking defined manoeuvre from the position of Figure 1b, the position of Figure 1b shown in Figure 5b in broken lines. In Figure 5b the vehicle 110 is shown at the defined manoeuvre completed position inside the vacancy 172, where the defined manoeuvre would be performed with the vehicle performing a parking defined manoeuvre to enter the vacancy 172. The vehicle 110 is shown in relation to the feature 125 in the vicinity of the vehicle 110. It will be appreciated that in at least some such scenarios, multiple trajectory parts may be required to iteratively transition the vehicle 110 to the defined manoeuvre completed position in the vacancy 172. It will also be appreciated, that the defined manoeuvre performed may involve correcting or reversing at least some of a user-initiated manoeuvre. For example, performing the defined manoeuvre from the position of Figure 1b to the position of Figure 5b may include positioning the vehicle 110 alongside the foremost vehicle 150 (e.g. positioning the vehicle 110 in a defined manoeuvre intermediate position corresponding to the defined manoeuvre completed position of Figure 5a), prior to entering the vacancy 172.

Accordingly, from the positions of Figures 1a and 1b the vehicle 110 has been moved with defined manoeuvres to the defined manoeuvre completed positions of Figures 5a and 5b respectively.

In at least some examples, the user can request the defined manoeuvre performance by an explicit selection or by performing one or more predetermined actions, such as selected from one or more of: touching or putting a hand on a steering wheel; activating an accelerator control (e.g. pressing a pedal);

The controller 200 may be arranged to notify and/or define a trajectory for the performance of the defined manoeuvre in dependence on the environment signal, such as the properties of the vacancy 172 and/or the features 125, 140, 150. For example, the controller 200 may be arranged to notify and/or define the trajectory in dependence on the size of the vacancy 172, the alignment or proximity of the adjacent objects 140, 150, or other parameters associated with the vacancy 172. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 200 may be arranged to notify and/or define the trajectory in dependence on other parameters, such as one or more of: an ambient environmental condition (e.g. rain, temperature, lightness, darkness, time of day, day of week, etc); a terrain condition (e.g. road surface condition, offroad surface condition, gradient, etc); a location or locations of multiple vehicle occupants, such as the location of each vehicle occupant.

The controller 210 may be arranged to allow for user adaptation. For example, the user may be able to at least partially override, program or adjust the controller 210 for one or more of the following: a parameter of the defined manoeuvre; a scenario whereby the defined manoeuvre or at least notification thereof is suppressed; the available mode or modes; the one or more inputs for determination of the available modes; a selection means for selecting the mode. The controller 210 may be arranged to be manually overridden, programmed or adjusted, such as to adjust the output of the manoeuvre and/or notification signal. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 210 may be arranged to automatically, or semiautomatically, override, program or adjust the output of the manoeuvre and/or notification signal, such as by learning from a user behaviour, such as a repeated user behaviour, associated with one or more of: an input pattern; a geographic location; a user identity (e.g. where the vehicle 110 is used noncontemporaneously by multiple users). For example, the controller 210 may be arranged to automatically select a default mode or parameter when the occupant 195 is located at a particular location (e.g. relative to the vehicle 110); or when the vehicle 110 is positioned at a particular location, such as a home or garage where the user has previously performed a defined manoeuvre out of a known vacancy.

It will be appreciated that other defined manoeuvres than illustrated may be performed. For example, the defined manoeuvre may comprise an unparking manoeuvre from a perpendicular parking lot space (in contrast to the illustrated parallel, on-street unparking manoeuvre). It will be appreciated that the controller 200 may be arranged to allow occupant movement between in and out of vehicle locations during the performance of the defined manoeuvre. For example, the controller 200 may be arranged to allow interruption or pausing of the defined manoeuvre, such as to allow the occupant 195 to move into or out of the vehicle 110 whilst the vehicle 110 is stationary. In at least some examples, the vehicle 110 may have steerable rear wheels; or the vacancy may comprise a fishbone (diagonal) vacancy 172 or a perpendicular vacancy (e.g. with the vehicle 110 parked end on).

As a result of the method 400 the vehicle may be more advantageously positioned or configured following performance of a defined manoeuvre. It will also be appreciated that embodiments of the present invention are not limited to being useful in association with a defined manoeuvre. It may be useful to notify the user of the possibility of the defined manoeuvre, even where the user may not request or wish performance of the defined manoeuvre. For example, notifying the user of such a possibility may alert the user to a possibility of performing a user-initiated manoeuvre along a trajectory similar to the indicated possible defined manoeuvre (e.g. that parking is possible into the vacancy 172 shown in Figure 1b).

It will be appreciated that embodiments of the present invention can be realised in the form of hardware, software or a combination of hardware and software. Any such software may be stored in the form of volatile or non-volatile storage such as, for example, a storage device like a ROM, whether erasable or rewritable or not, or in the form of memory such as, for example, RAM, memory chips, device or integrated circuits or on an optically or magnetically readable medium such as, for example, a CD, DVD, magnetic disk or magnetic tape. It will be appreciated that the storage devices and storage media are embodiments of machine-readable storage that are suitable for storing a program or programs that, when executed, implement embodiments of the present invention. Accordingly, embodiments provide a program comprising code for implementing a system or method as claimed in any preceding claim and a machine-readable storage storing such a program. Still further, embodiments of the present invention may be conveyed electronically via any medium such as a communication signal carried over a wired or wireless connection and embodiments suitably encompass the same.

All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive.

Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

The invention is not restricted to the details of any foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed. The claims should not be construed to cover merely the foregoing embodiments, but also any embodiments which fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A controller comprising:

input means for receiving an input signal;

2. The controller of claim 1, wherein the vehicle parameter is a non-speed parameter and is indicative of at least one of: a status of the vehicle; and a position of the vehicle.

3. The controller of claim 1 or 2, wherein the control means is arranged to control the notification means to output the notification signal indicative of the defined manoeuvre opportunity without requiring a user activation of the controller to determine the defined manoeuvre opportunity.

4. The controller of any preceding claim, wherein the control means is arranged to control the notification means to output the notification signal indicative of the determination of the defined manoeuvre opportunity in dependence on the input signal from the input means, wherein the controller is arranged to receive the input signal from at least one of a plurality of input sources.

5. The controller of any preceding claim, wherein the control means is arranged to control the notification means to output the notification signal indicative of the determination of the defined manoeuvre opportunity, in dependence on the input signal, wherein the input signal comprises at least one of:

a motion signal indicative of a motion of the vehicle;

a steering signal indicative of a steering input;

6. The controller of any preceding claim, wherein the defined manoeuvre is a parking manoeuvre.

7. The controller of any preceding claim, wherein the control means is arranged to control the notification means to output the notification signal in dependence on a determination by the control means of a user-initiated manoeuvre.

8. The controller of claim 7, wherein the control means is arranged to transfer control from the user to the control means for a continuance of the performance of the userinitiated manoeuvre as a defined manoeuvre.

9. The controller of any preceding claim, wherein the control means is arranged to determine the opportunity in dependence on a determination of a planned trajectory to perform the defined manoeuvre to a defined manoeuvre completed position.

10. The controller of any preceding claim, wherein the control means is arranged to determine a plurality of opportunities for performing at least a portion of a defined manoeuvre, the control means being arranged to control the notification means to output the notification signal to the user of the determination of the plurality of opportunities.

11. The controller of any preceding claim, comprising memory means for storing data therein, the control means being arranged to control the notification means to output the notification signal indicative of the opportunity in dependence on the data.

12. The controller of any preceding claim, comprising user input means for receiving a request signal indicative of a wired or wirelessly received signal indicative of a user request for vehicle movement.

13. A system comprising:

the controller of any preceding claim, arranged to output the manoeuvre signal; and actuator means for receiving the manoeuvre signal to cause the vehicle to perform the defined manoeuvre.

14. The system of claim 13, comprising environment sensing means for determining the location of at least one feature in the vicinity of the vehicle.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the environment sensing means is automatically activatable independently of the vehicle speed parameter.

16. The system of either of claims 14 or 15, wherein the environment sensing means is automatically activatable in dependence on the vehicle speed parameter.

17. A method of controlling movement of a vehicle to perform a defined manoeuvre, the method comprising:

automatically notifying a vehicle user of the determination by the control means of the defined manoeuvre opportunity for the performance of the defined manoeuvre, the notification of the vehicle user of the opportunity being in dependence on receipt of the input signal being indicative of a vehicle parameter;

outputting a manoeuvre signal to cause the vehicle to perform the defined manoeuvre with the control means controlling the manoeuvre output means.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the vehicle parameter is a non-speed parameter and is indicative of at least one of: a status of the vehicle; and a position of the vehicle.

19. The method of claim 17 or 18, comprising controlling the notification means to output the notification signal indicative of the opportunity for the performance of the portion of the defined manoeuvre without requiring a user activation of the control means to seek determination of the opportunity.

20. The method of any of claims 17 to 19, comprising notifying the user of the determination of the opportunity, in dependence on receipt of the input signal and the input signal comprises at least one of:

a motion signal indicative of a motion of the vehicle;

a steering signal indicative of a user steering input;

21. The method of any of claims 18 to 20, wherein the defined manoeuvre is a parking manoeuvre.

22. The method of any of claims 18 to 21, comprising determining a user-initiated manoeuvre and notifying the user of the opportunity in dependence on the determination of the user-initiated manoeuvre.

23. The method of any of claims 18 to 22, comprising receiving an environment signal indicative of a location of at least one feature in the vicinity of the vehicle;

detecting a vacancy in dependence on the environment signal, the vacancy comprising a vehicle envelope suitable for receiving the vehicle in a defined manoeuvre completed position; and determining the defined manoeuvre opportunity in dependence on the detection of the vacancy.

24. A vehicle comprising a controller according to any of claims 1 to 12, a system according to any of claims 13 to 16 or arranged to perform a method according to any of claims 17 to 23.

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25. Computer software which, when executed by a processing means, is arranged to perform a method according to any of claims 17 to 24, optionally where stored on a computer readable non-transitory medium.