GB2567796A - Retrofitting a train with an external antenna - Google Patents
Retrofitting a train with an external antenna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2567796A GB2567796A GB1711921.5A GB201711921A GB2567796A GB 2567796 A GB2567796 A GB 2567796A GB 201711921 A GB201711921 A GB 201711921A GB 2567796 A GB2567796 A GB 2567796A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- train car
- sheet antenna
- external skin
- sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
- H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
Landscapes
- Support Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
A vehicle 1 with a low-profile antenna 10 arrangement or a method of providing a vehicle with such an antenna arrangement, comprises a low-profile antenna 10 which is fixed to the external surface 2, 5 of a vehicle 1 with a single hole 6 provided in the vehicle 1 through which wiring connected to the antenna 10 extends and where the said hole 6 is sealed. The vehicle 1 is a train car and the antenna 10 may be a sheet antenna which protrudes from the surface 2, 5 by no more than 1.0 cm. The antenna 10 may be directly on the roof surface 5 of the train car or it may have a magnetic insulator in between the antenna 10 and the said surface 5. Adhesive tape 21 extending over the antenna 10 and part of the surface 5 of the train car may be used to fix the antenna to the said surface. Adhesive tape 21 may be used to seal the above mentioned hole 6 or a specially shaped sealing material 20 may be used to plug the hole 6. The antenna 10 may be band shaped and extend along the length of a train car. The antenna 10 may be arranged to largely cover or partially cover the side walls of a train car.
Description
(54) Title of the Invention: Retrofitting a train with an external antenna Abstract Title: Vehicle low-profile antenna arrangement and a method for its provision (57) A vehicle 1 with a low-profile antenna 10 arrangement or a method of providing a vehicle with such an antenna arrangement, comprises a low-profile antenna 10 which is fixed to the external surface 2, 5 of a vehicle 1 with a single hole 6 provided in the vehicle 1 through which wiring connected to the antenna 10 extends and where the said hole 6 is sealed. The vehicle 1 is a train car and the antenna 10 may be a sheet antenna which protrudes from the surface 2, 5 by no more than 1.0 cm. The antenna 10 may be directly on the roof surface 5 of the train car or it may have a magnetic insulator in between the antenna 10 and the said surface 5. Adhesive tape 21 extending over the antenna 10 and part of the surface 5 of the train car may be used to fix the antenna to the said surface. Adhesive tape 21 may be used to seal the above mentioned hole 6 or a specially shaped sealing material 20 may be used to plug the hole 6. The antenna 10 may be band shaped and extend along the length of a train car. The antenna 10 may be arranged to largely cover or partially cover the side walls of a train car.
At least one drawing originally filed was informal and the print reproduced here is taken from a later filed formal copy.
1/3
2/3
FIG 3
1808 17
1808 17
3/3
FIG 4
FIG 5
Application No. GB1711921.5
RTM
Date : 12 January 2018
Intellectual Property Office
The following terms are registered trade marks and should be read as such wherever they occur in this document:
Wi-Fi (Page 1)
Intellectual Property Office is an operating name of the Patent Office www.gov.uk/ipo
RETROFITTING A TRAIN WITH AN EXTERNAL ANTENNA
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of retrofitting a train car with an antenna for external wireless communication as well as such a train car with an external antenna.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
Trains are typically fitted with wireless communication means which allow passengers and personnel in an inner compartments of a train car to communicate and access e.g. the internet. In order to communicate with external communication points, the trains are also fitted with external wireless communication means, which allow the communication between the train and external communication points at a given frequency and under a prescribed communication protocol. Such external communication is e.g. required at servicing stations in which the trains exchange service relevant information by WLAN signals. Such service points e.g. are located within halls for servicing and maintaining a fleet of trains.
For this and other types of external wireless communication, trains typically have antennas fixed to the roofs of the train cars. The communication standard and the type of antennas, however, have been changing relatively frequently over the years, and in particular old trains which need to be retrofitted with new antennas require the removal of old antennas and the attachment of new ones. The attachment normally requires the insertion of new fixing holes into the outer skin of the train cars. However, this compromises the intactness of the train and creates potential water ingress points. It also creates space constraints for e.g. cabling arranged under the roof. Further space constraints may exist for other installations on the train car’s roof which share the space with the retrofitted antennas.
An example of an antenna which is known for WiFi communication is shown in Figure 1. These so called shark fin antenna devices can be arranged and fixed on the roof of a train car providing for wireless communication. Due to the radiation characteristics of a single antenna of this type, several of these antennas will have to be attached to the roof in a row in order to allow for disturbance free communication along the entire length of the train car.
Further, fixing these antennas to the roof of the train requires typically four holes for each single device, thus requiring the insertion of numerous holes into the outer skin of the train. Should, at a later stage, the removal of these antennas be desired, the sealing of all of these holes would not only require a lot of work and expertise, but it also would reduce the value of the train. Even if the later removal of these antennas would not be required, the large number of holes constitutes a significantly increased risk for fluid leakage into the roof of the train car.
All of the known antennas have the disadvantage that they are designed for permanent and local use on the outer skin of a train car. This does not suit them to be used on train cars which have a long longitudinal extension. It also does not allow them to be easily exchanged if a new antenna standard appears on the market. It also requires the perforation of the train’s roof portion and, thus, reduces the integrity of the external train skin.
Therefore, it is a desire to provide a method for retrofitting a train car and a retrofitted train car which allows avoiding the above described disadvantages. In particular, the method should allow for relatively simple fixation without damaging the outer skin of the train car too much so that difficult sealing work will have to be undertaken after its removal. Further, the method and the train car should allow for wireless communication of any type of protocol and antenna type while cabling under the train roof should not be affected significantly from fixing the antenna to the roof.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
To address these problems, a method of retrofitting a train car with an antenna is provided by present invention. The antenna is a sheet antenna for external wireless communication and the method includes the following steps:
- providing a train car with an external skin enclosing an inner compartment;
- making a single hole into the external skin;
- applying the sheet antenna to the external skin such that a flat side of the sheet antenna essentially fully contacts the external skin;
- guiding connecting wiring from the sheet antenna through the single hole;
- fixing the sheet antenna to the external skin;
- sealing the single hole with sealing material wherein the connecting wiring is arranged to go through the hole.
Further, a train car with a sheet antenna is provided to solve the above described problems, which comprises a:
- sheet antenna which is applied and fixed to the external skin of a train car which encloses an inner compartment in particular such that the antenna does not protrude from the outer skin for more than 1.0 cm;
- a single hole in the external skin of the train car through which connecting wiring of the sheet antenna is guided;
a sealing material sealing the single hole in particular such that the sealing material does not protrude from the external skin for more than 1.0 cm;
It has to be pointed out that a sheet antenna in the sense of this invention is an antenna which has the overall shape of a sheet, i.e. it has two opposite, relatively much larger surfaces which are connected by relatively smaller side surfaces. The sheet antenna typically contains electrical conductors as antenna wiring which are bonded onto or integrated into sheet material, such as electrically insulating plastics or synthetic materials. Connecting wiring typically sticks out from this sheet and can be electrically connected externally. Sheet antennas can be produced in large quantities and e.g. are stored on rolls from which they are taken when applied to the train car roof.
Further, the flat side of the sheet antenna is the side, which has the much larger surface extension.
Typically, the sheet antenna is flexible and can be fitted to a relatively even or smooth surface so that it essentially is in full contact with this surface. When fixed or bonded to this surface, a very strong connection can be realized e.g. by tape of bonding glues. This connection can withstand all weather influences even over a longer period of time due to the very large contact surface and the very limited protrusion from the external skin of the train car.
The sheet antenna may contain several antennas for different radio applications and/or different frequency applications. All antennas are either arranged next to each other (which is preferred) or on top of each other if the reduction of space is required. The antennas can be arranged in any technically possible form or shape. The antenna conductors can be stretched out over the entire length of the flat side of the sheet antenna or they can be rolled up. However, importantly, the antennas do not stick out from the sheet material significantly and the overall thickness of the sheet antenna is preferred to be limited to not more than 1.0 cm. The thickness of the sheet antenna is typically less than 1.0 cm.
Typically the sheet antenna is flexible and can be fitted to the surface of the external skin of the train car.
The external skin of the train car comprises a roof portion as well as a side wall portion. In other words, the external skin is constituted by those portions of the train, which can be seen from outside of the train and which enclose an inner compartment.
Fixing the antenna to the external skin typically is done by bonding the sheet antenna to the external skin, in particular over the entire surface which is in contact with the external skin. This bond may also be replaced or supported with other fixing means, as e.g. adhesive tape which overlaps the sheet antenna. However, no screws are required, and thus no additional holes have to be inserted into the outer skin of the train car.
The present sheet antenna only requires the insertion of one hole in the outer skin of the train car which is used to guide the connecting wiring from the sheet antenna into the inner space of the train car for electrical connection. Should a new communication standard appear on the market, which requires the exchange of this antenna, no new wholes would have to be inserted. It would only be required to remove the sheet antenna from the external skin and replace it with a similar antenna of a different standard. Thus, the integrity of the outer train skin would be largely maintained and the risks for ingress of water into the train car roof would be reduced.
According to present inventive method one single hole has to be made into the external skin of the train car. This step can also be replaced with providing a single hole which already exists in the external skin of the train car.
Further, the introduction of only one hole into the outer skin of the train does not interfere with the cabling arrangements under the roof of any other installation.
Also, the sheet antenna allows for coverage over the entire longitudinal extension of the train car, providing disturbance free communication along the entire length of the train car if necessary.
According to a first embodiment of the present invention, there is no separate electrical insulator provided between the external skin of the train car and the sheet antenna. Typically, the sheet antenna is already integrated into or attached onto a layer of electrically insulating sheet material. Therefore, not further electrical insulation is required to provide for sufficient electrical insulation. Such insulation can be essential if the train skin is made of metallic and electrically conductive material, which otherwise could interfere with the antenna’s functionality.
According to another aspect of present invention, a magnetic insulator is provided between the external skin of the train car and the sheet antenna or a magnetic insulator is provided inside the sheet antenna. In order to enhance the electromagnetic emission characteristics of the antenna, a magnetic insulator is provided to reduce the distortion of the radiated magnetic field by the external skin of the train car. The magnetic insulator has to be chosen specifically for the desired frequency and length of the antenna. Typical magnetic insulators include e.g. ironsilicon alloys, amorphous and nano crystalline alloys, nickel iron alloys such as mumetals or soft ferrites. All of these materials have high magnetic permeability and thus can serve as magnetic insulators. A magnetic insulator within the context of this description has a relative permeability of at least 100, preferably of at least 500 at the frequency of operation.
In another embodiment of the invention, the fixing of the sheet antenna includes the covering and fixing of the sheet antenna with an adhesive tape whose surface is larger than the surface of the sheet antenna which is in contact with the external skin of the train car and overlaps the sheet antenna. The overlap preferably exists on all sides of the sheet antenna, thus, fully covering the sheet antenna and press-bonding the antenna to the external skin of the train car. If the weight of the sheet antenna is relatively big, it is advisable also to directly bond the sheet antenna to the external skin. The adhesive tape, thus, does not have to support the total weight of the sheet antenna and mostly serves to provide a smoothed outer skin surface which is less affected by e.g. weather influences.
Further, the sealing of the single hole is effected with adhesive tape as sealing material on the external skin of the train car overlapping the outer edges of the single hole. In particular, the adhesive tape is identical with the piece of adhesive tape with which the antenna is fixed to the outer skin of the train car. The adhesive tape, thus, covers the single hole, preventing fluid leakage into the train roof and smoothening the roof surface.
In another aspect of the invention, the sheet antenna has the shape of a band and the greatest extension of the band is arranged parallel to the longitudinal extension of the train car. In other words, the sheet antenna extends lengthwise along the train car, thus, covering the entire train car length for uninterrupted wireless communication.
Further, in another embodiment, the sheet antenna is arranged such that it covers at least part of the side walls of the train car. The sidewalls of the train car are identified by a vertical extension in relation to the surface in which the tracks lie on which the train runs. Thus, the antenna also allows for a radiation profiles in which the largest amount of radiation energy is radiated sideways.
According to another aspect of the invention, the sheet antenna is arranged such that it largely covers parts of the side walls of the train car. The other portions of the sheet antenna which do not cover the side walls typically cover some parts of the roof portion of the train car. This, again, allows for an adjusted radiation profile according to needs and technical requirements.
In another aspect of the inventive method, fixing the sheet antenna to the external skin is done such that the sheet antenna does not protrude from the outer skin for more than 1.0 cm, and/or sealing the single hole is done such that the sealing material does not protrude from the outer skin for more than 1.0 cm. This allows for a relatively smooth arrangement on the external skin reducing e.g. wind resistance when the train car is moving. This, in turn reduces the mechanical influences onto the sheet antenna, making it a relatively compact and lasting arrangement.
According to another embodiment of the inventive train car, the sheet antenna is arranged such that it partially or largely covers the side walls of the train car. In one specific embodiment, the entire sheet antenna covers the side walls of train car.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The above mentioned attributes, features and advantages of this invention and the manner of attaining them will become more apparent and the invention itself will be better understood by reference to the following description of embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein
FIG. 1 shows a schematic drawing of a so called shark fin antenna device as known from prior art,
FIG. 2 shows a blow-up side view of a sheet antenna fixed to the roof of the train car according to an embodiment of present invention,
FIG. 3 shows a combined side and top view of a train on which a sheet antenna has been fixed according to an embodiment of present invention,
FIG. 4 shows a combined side and top view on a train on which a sheet antenna has been fixed according to another embodiment of present invention,
FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram representing the steps of an embodiment of the inventive method of retrofitting a train car.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
Figure 1 shows a schematic depiction of a so called shark fin antenna device as known from prior art. The antenna device is typically installed on top of the roof of a train car requiring four holes in the external skin of the train to fix it. The physical antenna itself is integrated into the shark fin shaped part of the device and attached to a support plate with four holes in it (only two holes are shown). The whole structure is attached by screws to the train roof and protrudes out from the train roof. In order to provide for uninterrupted wireless communication along the longitudinal extension of the train car, several of these shark fin antenna devices have to be attached to the roof of the train car.
Figure 2 in contrast shows a blown-up schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. A train car 1 (not indicated) has an external skin 2 which covers an inner compartment (not indicated). The external skin 2 essentially consists of a roof portion 5 and a side wall portion 4 (not indicated).
The roof portion 5 is relatively flat and smooth. To retrofit the train car 1 (not indicated) with a sheet antenna 10, a single hole 6 has to be introduced into the external skin 2 of the train car 1. Alternatively, the single hole 6 can already be existing and is provided accordingly.
The proportions of the depicted technical features are chosen to be different from a real life application and the size of the single hole 6 is shown bigger to improve clarity. The hole 6 typically is only a few centimeters in diameter.
The sheet antenna 10 is applied to the external skin 2 such that the flat side of the sheet antenna essentially is in full contact with the external skin 2 of the train car 1 (not indicated). For improved radiation characteristics, a sheet of magnetic insulator 15 is positioned between the external skin 2 and the sheet antenna 10. The arrangement of the magnetic insulator 15 does not contradict the inventive arrangement according to which the sheet antenna 10 essentially is in full contact with the external skin 2. The magnetic insulator is also sheet like and has the same contour as the external skin 2.
To connect the sheet antenna 10 electrically to the inside of the train car 1 (not indicated) connecting wiring 11 of the sheet antenna 10 is guided through the single hole 6. The connecting wiring 11 may already be connected and provided by the sheet antenna 10, or it is provided separately and connected to the sheet antenna 10 subsequently.
The magnetic insulator 15 as well as the sheet antenna 10 are bonded to the surface of the roof portion 5 of the external skin 2. The bonding, preferable, is effected by specialised bonding glue known in the arts, covering the entire contact surfaces and possibly also sealing the side edges of the magnetic insulator 15 and the sheet antenna 10. Thus, a very strong connection is created which also withstands the influences of wind and weather.
For removing the magnetic insulator 15 and the sheet antenna 10, the bonding glue is removed chemically and/or mechanically. After removal, only the single hole 6 remains, which may be reused for new sheet antennas or other devices which need to be fixed to this roof portion 5.
In order to avoid any leakage of water through the hole 6 into the train car 1, a specially shaped sealing material 20 is provided which is plugged into the hole 6 closing the hole opening. Such sealing material 20 may be a shape adapted plug which is glued into the single hole 6 (as shown), or it may be any other suitable technical device which allows sealing of the single hole 6. In particular, an adhesive tape 21 (not shown) may be overlapping the hole 6, sealing off all sides of the hole 6 against and fluid ingress.
Also, the entire antenna arrangement may be covered by some adhesive tape 21 (not indicated), e.g. overlapping the entire arrangement and sticking on the surrounding surfaces, thus, sealing the entire arrangement against water ingress.
The sheet antenna 10 and the sealing material 20 are in particular fixed to the external skin 2 such that a protrusion of not more than 1.0 cm from the external skin 2 results. This allows for advantageous aerodynamics and, thus, reduces the mechanical influence of wind and weather. Further, the overall appearance of the train is not affected too negatively.
Figure 3 shows a combined side and top view on a train car 1 on whose roof portion 5 a sheet antenna 10 was fixed according to an embodiment of present invention. The sheet antenna has the shape of a band aligned lengthwise with respect to the longitudinal extension of the train car 1. The length of the sheet antenna 10 covers more than half of the train car 1. It stretches from a single hole 6 at the front of the train car 1 almost all the way to the back of train car 1.
The sheet antenna 10 has connecting wiring 11 which goes through a single hole 6 in the front of the train car 1. To seal the single hole 6 and fix the sheet antenna 10 to the roof portion 5 adhesive tape 11 has been applied, overlapping the sheet antenna 10 and the single hole 6. To improve on stability and/or sealing properties, hole 6 may also be sealed additionally with some sealing material 20, which may also be covered by the adhesive tape 21.
At a side view of the train, the observer hardly notices the arrangement of the sheet antenna 10. For reasons of clarity, the height extension of this arrangement has been exaggerated in the figure. In reality, the antenna 10 does not protrude from the outer skin for more than 1.0 cm. The same is true for the sealing material, which is also not protruding for more than 1.0 cm.
Figure 4 shows a combined side and top view on a train car 1 according to another embodiment of present invention. Instead of fixing the sheet antenna 10 entirely to the roof portion 5 of the train car 1, in this embodiment the sheet antenna 10 has been partially fixed to the roof portion 5, and partially to the side wall portion 4. Alternatively, the sheet antenna 10 might also be separated into two antennas 10 which are fixed to opposite side wall portions 4 respectively. This allows the sheet antennas 10 to radiate and receive a differently shaped radiation profile which is more suitable for communication over long distances parallel to Earth’s surface.
The fixation of the sheet antenna 10 and the connection of the connecting wiring 11 are essentially identical to the embodiment according to Figure 3. Only the geometric arrangement with respect to the external skin 2 of the train car 1 is adjusted.
Figure 5 shows a flow diagram representing the steps of an embodiment of the inventive method of retrofitting a train car 1, including the following steps:
- providing a train car 1 with an external skin 2 enclosing an inner compartment 3 (first method step 101);
- making a single hole 5 into the external skin 2 (second method step 102);
- applying the sheet antenna 10 to the external skin 2 such that a flat side of the sheet antenna 10 essentially fully contacts the external skin 2 (third method step 103);
- guiding connecting wiring 11 from the sheet antenna 10 through the single hole 5 (fourth method step 104);
- fixing the sheet antenna 10 to the external skin 2(fifth method step 105);
- sealing the single hole 5 with sealing material 20 wherein the connecting wiring 11 is arranged to go through the hole (sixth method step 106);
Claims (11)
1. Method of retrofitting a train car with a sheet antenna for external wireless communication, including the following steps:
- providing a train car with an external skin enclosing an inner compartment;
- making a single hole into the external skin;
- applying the sheet antenna to the external skin such that a flat side of the sheet antenna essentially fully contacts the external skin;
- guiding connecting wiring from the sheet antenna through the single hole;
- fixing the sheet antenna to the external skin;
- sealing the single hole with sealing material wherein the connecting wiring is arranged to go through the hole;
2. Method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that no separate electrical insulator is provided between the external skin of the train car and the sheet antenna.
3. Method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that providing a magnetic insulator between the external skin of the train car and the sheet antenna or providing a magnetic insulator inside the sheet antenna.
4. Method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing includes the covering and fixing of the sheet antenna with an adhesive tape whose surface is larger than the surface of the sheet antenna which is in contact with the external skin of the train car and overlaps the sheet antenna.
5. Method as claimed in one of the preceeding claims, characterized in that the sealing of the single hole is effected with adhesive tape as sealing material on the external skin of the train car overlapping the outer edges of the single hole.
6. Method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheet antenna has the shape of a band and the greatest extension of the band is arranged parallel to the long side of the train car.
7. Method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheet antenna is arranged such that it covers at least parts of the side walls of the train car.
8. Method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheet antenna is arranged such that it largely covers parts of the side walls of the train car.
9. Method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that fixing the sheet antenna to the external skin is done such that the sheet antenna does not protrude from the outer skin for more than 1.0 cm, and/or sealing the single hole is done such that the sealing material does not protrude from the outer skin for more than 1.0 cm;
10. Train car with a sheet antenna, comprising a:
- sheet antenna which is applied and fixed to the external skin of a train car which encloses an inner compartment in particular such that the antenna does not protrude from the outer skin for more than 1.0 cm;
- a single hole in the external skin of the train car through which connecting wiring of the sheet antenna is guided;
- a sealing material sealing the single hole in particular such that the sealing material does not protrude from the external skin for more than 1.0 cm;
11. Train car as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the sheet antenna is arranged such that it partially or largely covers the side
5 walls of the train car;
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1711921.5A GB2567796A (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2017-07-25 | Retrofitting a train with an external antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1711921.5A GB2567796A (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2017-07-25 | Retrofitting a train with an external antenna |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB201711921D0 GB201711921D0 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
| GB2567796A true GB2567796A (en) | 2019-05-01 |
Family
ID=59771594
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1711921.5A Withdrawn GB2567796A (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2017-07-25 | Retrofitting a train with an external antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2567796A (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51112152A (en) * | 1975-03-27 | 1976-10-04 | Tech Res & Dev Inst Of Japan Def Agency | Antenna |
| US6396447B1 (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2002-05-28 | Volvo Personvagnar Ab | Antenna unit |
| US6433749B1 (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 2002-08-13 | Harada Inductries (Europe) Limited | Antenna assembly |
| US6441792B1 (en) * | 2001-07-13 | 2002-08-27 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc. | Low-profile, multi-antenna module, and method of integration into a vehicle |
| US20030080257A1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2003-05-01 | Jeff Harris | Method and apparatus for locomotive radio communications, with expansion capability |
| US20100315301A1 (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-12-16 | Marten Randy C | Locomotive modular antenna array |
| US20130249748A1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2013-09-26 | Fujikura Ltd. | Antenna device, and moving body equipped with antenna device |
| US20160064806A1 (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-03-03 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Flexible artificial impedance surface antennas for automotive radar sensors |
| GB2544279A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-17 | South Midlands Communications Ltd | Radio frequency antennas |
-
2017
- 2017-07-25 GB GB1711921.5A patent/GB2567796A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51112152A (en) * | 1975-03-27 | 1976-10-04 | Tech Res & Dev Inst Of Japan Def Agency | Antenna |
| US6433749B1 (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 2002-08-13 | Harada Inductries (Europe) Limited | Antenna assembly |
| US6396447B1 (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2002-05-28 | Volvo Personvagnar Ab | Antenna unit |
| US6441792B1 (en) * | 2001-07-13 | 2002-08-27 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc. | Low-profile, multi-antenna module, and method of integration into a vehicle |
| US20030080257A1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2003-05-01 | Jeff Harris | Method and apparatus for locomotive radio communications, with expansion capability |
| US20100315301A1 (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-12-16 | Marten Randy C | Locomotive modular antenna array |
| US20130249748A1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2013-09-26 | Fujikura Ltd. | Antenna device, and moving body equipped with antenna device |
| US20160064806A1 (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-03-03 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Flexible artificial impedance surface antennas for automotive radar sensors |
| GB2544279A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-17 | South Midlands Communications Ltd | Radio frequency antennas |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201711921D0 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
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