GB2560972A - Coating - Google Patents
Coating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2560972A GB2560972A GB1705163.2A GB201705163A GB2560972A GB 2560972 A GB2560972 A GB 2560972A GB 201705163 A GB201705163 A GB 201705163A GB 2560972 A GB2560972 A GB 2560972A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- polyamine
- coating composition
- primary
- component
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 52
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 50
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- -1 aliphatic isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 94
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 94
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 42
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000608 Polyaspartic Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical class [H]N([H])* 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- VMRIVYANZGSGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-2h-triazin-5-one Chemical compound OC1=CN=NN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VMRIVYANZGSGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTWNYYOXLSILQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediamine Chemical compound NCN RTWNYYOXLSILQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011527 polyurethane coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QGLRLXLDMZCFBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-2,4,4-trimethylhexane Chemical compound O=C=NCC(C)CC(C)(C)CCN=C=O QGLRLXLDMZCFBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940008841 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical group CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006750 UV protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVRQEGLKRIHRCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,4]benzothiazino[2,3-b]phenothiazine Chemical compound S1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C2C1=CC1=NC3=CC=CC=C3SC1=C2 YVRQEGLKRIHRCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/73—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates acyclic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
- C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
- C08G18/4812—Mixtures of polyetherdiols with polyetherpolyols having at least three hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/50—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/5021—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen
- C08G18/5024—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen containing primary and/or secondary amino groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/75—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic
- C08G18/751—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring
- C08G18/752—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group
- C08G18/753—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
- C08G18/755—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group and at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to a secondary carbon atom of the cycloaliphatic ring, e.g. isophorone diisocyanate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/02—Polyureas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/02—Polyureas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2230/00—Manufacture
- F05B2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
A polyurea coating composition to coat a wind turbine blade or part thereof, is derived from polymerisation of a polyisocyanate and a polyamine, the polyisocyanate comprising one or more aliphatic isocyanates, such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate or methylene bis (4-cyclohexylisocyanate) and the polyamine comprising two or more aliphatic polyamines having primary and/or secondary amine groups, wherein the aliphatic polyamines comprise at least one triamine and at least one diamine. Also disclosed is a method for preparing the polyurea coating composition; a kit for protecting a substrate using the polyurea coating composition; and a method for protecting a substrate, such as a wind turbine or part thereof the polyurea coating composition.
Description
(54) Title of the Invention: Coating
Abstract Title: Polyurea coating composition and use thereof to coat a wind turbine blade or part thereof (57) A polyurea coating composition to coat a wind turbine blade or part thereof, is derived from polymerisation of a polyisocyanate and a polyamine, the polyisocyanate comprising one or more aliphatic isocyanates, such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate or methylene bis (4-cyclohexylisocyanate) and the polyamine comprising two or more aliphatic polyamines having primary and/or secondary amine groups, wherein the aliphatic polyamines comprise at least one triamine and at least one diamine. Also disclosed is a method for preparing the polyurea coating composition; a kit for protecting a substrate using the polyurea coating composition; and a method for protecting a substrate, such as a wind turbine or part thereof the polyurea coating composition.
This print incorporates corrections made under Section 117(1) of the Patents Act 1977.
1/1
COATING
The present invention relates to the use of a coating for a substrate, particularly a polyurea protective coating for a wind turbine blade.
Wind turbines are employed to convert kinetic energy from the wind into electrical energy and are an important source of renewable energy. Various designs are available with the most common having three blades attached to a horizontal axis. During operation of a wind turbine, the leading edge of each blade is exposed to wear and tear over time, which results in blade surface deterioration and increased surface roughness. This leads to reduced annual energy production (AEP). As such, periodic in-service repairs are needed to preserve the performance of the turbine, which represents a significant operating cost for wind farms.
Leading edge erosion increases dramatically with increased speed of the blade. As wind turbines increase in size with advancing technology in search of greater efficiencies and return on investment, the blade speed increases and the problem of leading edge erosion becomes more severe. Blade erosion is also highly dependent on extreme environmental conditions, e.g. heavy rains, hail, sandstorm conditions. As wind energy develops out of Europe into emerging markets, blade erosion becomes more significant. Even within Europe, the emerging offshore market is of particular concern, since the maintenance and repair costs associated with rectifying eroded blades are extremely high.
Leading Edge Protection (LEP) products are available. One option is a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) self-adhesive tape that is applied to the blades. Despite providing good performance in general, it can suffer from edge delamination which can cause premature failure. Furthermore polyurethane suffers from weathering, such that performance in the field tends to be lower than in laboratory tests.
Another commercially available option is a polyurethane coating system that is applied to the blade. Despite the availability of these products on the market, significant problems exist.
One issue for polyurethane coating systems is a very long process time between application to the blade until the polymer is cured. Curing times of approximately 1624 hours are required in controlled climate conditions, which necessitate a very large factory footprint to process an economical throughput of blades.
Another issue for polyurethane systems is extreme sensitivity to moisture in the environment: the moisture has adverse effects on the curing reaction and leads to the occurrence of gassing within the coating resulting in an aerated coating or surface defects which will all reduce the performance of the coating in practice (as compared to in the laboratory).
Another issue is durability. Most polyurethane systems are effective for 5 to 10 years whereas modern wind turbine blades have a design life of 20 to 25 years.
The present invention seeks to overcome one or more disadvantages of the prior art systems or to provide an alternative.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a use of a polyurea coating composition to coat a wind turbine blade or part thereof, wherein the coating composition is derived from a polymerisation reaction between a polyisocyanate resin and a polyamine resin, the polyisocyanate resin comprising one or more aliphatic isocyanate(s) and the polyamine resin comprising two or more aliphatic polyamines having primary and/or secondary amine groups, wherein the aliphatic polyamines comprise (i) at least one triamine that imparts toughness on the resulting coating and; (ii) at least one diamine that imparts flexibility on the resulting coating.
The coating composition is suitable for coating wind turbine blades, in particular for wind turbine leading edge protection (LEP). The mechanical properties of the polyurea coating are very suitable for this application. These properties may include one or more of the following:
(i) low modulus of elasticity and high strain to failure (necessary for both resisting the high mechanical strains endured by fibre-composite wind turbine blades and also withstanding the pressure wave that is induced in the coating by the impacting high velocity droplets and particles);
(ii) High tensile strength- (necessary to withstand the progress of the pressure wave as it propagates through the coating without generating tensile failure of the coating) (iii) high toughness and high structural damping (for resisting and dissipating the impact energy impinged by high speed rain droplets, hail, and sand particles);
(iv) good adhesion properties to both epoxy and polyurethane substrates (i.e. typical blade resin systems and paints); and (v) ease of formulation to resist ultraviolet degradation, resistance to attack by moisture and tolerance to thermal cycling.
In addition, the coating composition benefits from improved processing conditions. A spray-coated polyurea coating composition may be applied and cured to a tack-free state within a matter of seconds or a few minutes, instead of the many hours needed for polyurethanes to cure. As such, additional factory footprint surplus to the standard paint-booth for topcoat application would not be needed. Hence, a polyurea LEP coating could be applied within the standard paint-booth footprint, with negligible or no impact on throughput. Furthermore, the issue of moisture contamination and ambient humidity which is a major concern in the processing of polyurethane based LEP coatings would be non-existent due to the rapid curing of polyurea; the opportunity for water to influence the curing reaction is removed. The polyurea chemistry is also tolerant of temperature variation during application giving similar cure speed and quality over a range of temperatures, e.g. between 0°C and 35°C. These properties also make polyureas very suitable as an in-service repair coating/recoating system.
Polyurea is formed by the polymerisation reaction of a polyisocyanate and a polyamine thereby generating urea linkages (-HN-C(O)-NH-), for example, as shown in the scheme below.
O
Η H •N ·
H
Coating composition
In embodiments the coating composition has a low volatile organic content (VOC). In embodiments the coating composition has a VOC of less than 250g/L. In specific embodiments the coating composition has a VOC of less than 100, 50, 10, 5 or lg/L.
The VOC may be determined in accordance with ASTM D 2369-81, 87, 90, 92, 93, or 95.
Polyisocyanate resin
Isocyanate is the functional group -N-C=O so a polyisocyanate is an organic compound having at least two isocyanate groups, such as two isocyanate groups (diisocyanate) or three isocyanate groups (tri-isocyanate).
The polyisocyanate resin may comprise a single polyisocyanate. In embodiments the polyisocyanate resin comprises a single polyisocyanate and the polyisocyanate is a diisocyanate. Alternatively the polyisocyanate resin may comprise a mixture of two or more polyisocyanates, such as two, three or four polyisocyanates.
In embodiments the polyisocyanate resin comprises a di-isocyanate and/or a triisocyanate.
Suitable diisocyanates include isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), an isomeric mixture of 2,2,4- and 2,4,4- trimethyl hexamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, (HDI), methylene bis (4-cyclohexylisocyanate) (H12 MDI) and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate.
Suitable trifunctional isocyanates include trimers of isophorone diisocyanate, triisocyanato nonane, and isocyanurates of hexamethylene diisocyanate.
In embodiments the polyisocyanate resin comprises alicyclic isocyanates, particularly isocyanurates of diisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate.
The polyisocyanate resin comprises aliphatic polyisocyanate(s), such as an aliphatic di-isocyanate. An aliphatic polyisocyanate resin is a polyisocyanate that comprises an aliphatic segment therein.
In embodiments the polyisocyanate resin does not comprise an aromatic isocyanate. Polyureas produced from aromatic isocyanates have poorer UV resistance properties than those produced from aliphatic isocyanates.
An isocyanate or mixture of isocyanates may be described with reference to its isocyanate equivalent weight (NCO eq. wt). This is the number of grams of product to one equivalent of isocyanate (NCO) reactive groups. The isocyanate group content of the polyisocyanate resin is measurable by titration using di-n-butylamine in accordance with ASTM D2572- 87.
In embodiments the polyisocyanate resin has an isocyanate equivalent weight of no more than 250, 200, 150 or 130g/ equivalent and/or at least 70, 90, 100 or 150g/equivalent.
In embodiments the polyisocyanate resin comprises (i) hexamethylene diisocyanate, (ii) isophorone diisocyanate and/or (iii) methylene bis (4-cyclohexylisocyanate). In embodiments the polyisocyanate resin comprises at least 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 or 90wt% i) hexamethylene diisocyanate, (ii) isophorone diisocyanate and/or (iii) methylene bis (4-cyclohexylisocyanate).
In embodiments the polyisocyanate resin comprises or consists of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). HDI has a molar mass of 168.2g/mol. HDI has two isocyanate groups so its isocyanate equivalent weight is 168.2/2 = 134. lg/equivalent. If the HDI is reacted to form a prepolymer (as in the method of the second aspect), then the prepolymer will have a lower isocyanate equivalent value than the starting HDI.
In embodiments the polyisocyanate resin comprises or consists of methylene-bis(4cyclohexylisocyanate), which has a molar mass of 262.35. This isocyanate has two isocyanate groups so its isocyanate equivalent weight is 262.35/2 = 131,2g/equivalent
In embodiments the polyisocyanate resin comprises or consists of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). In embodiments the polyisocyanate resin comprises at least 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 or 90wt% isophorone diisocyanate. IPDI has excellent UV stability, which is especially important when the resulting coating is applied to a wind turbine blade.
IPDI has a molar mass of 222.3g/mol. IPDI has two isocyanate groups so its isocyanate equivalent weight is 222.3/2 = 111. lg/equivalent. If the IPDI is reacted to form a prepolymer (as in the method of the second aspect), then the prepolymer will have a lower isocyanate equivalent value than the starting IPDI.
In embodiments the polyisocyanate resin has a number average molar mass of no more than 1000, 800, 600, 500, 400, 250 or 300g/mol and/or at least 100, 150, 200 or 250g/mol. In one embodiment the polyisocyanate resin has a number average molar mass of 200 to 250g/mol.
Polyamine resin
The polyamine resin comprises two or more aliphatic polyamine(s) having primary and/or secondary amine groups. A polyamine is a compound with two or more amine groups, for example a diamine (two amine groups) or a triamine (three amine groups).
Amine groups may be described as primary, second or tertiary depending on the number of hydrogen substituents. A primary amine has the formula R1NH2; a secondary amine has the formula RXR2NH and a tertiary amine has the formula R R R N, wherein each of R , R and R is independently an alkyl or aryl group that is optionally substituted.
The polyamine resin comprises two or more polyamines having primary and/or secondary amine groups, for example, two, three, four, five, six, seven or eight or more such polyamines. The inventors have determined that a blend of polyamines imparts specific properties on the resulting coating composition that renders it particularly suitable for use as an LEP coating.
In embodiments the polyamine resin does not comprise an aromatic polyamine.
In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises at least one aliphatic polyamine having one or more primary amine groups. In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises an aliphatic polyamine having only primary amine groups i.e. a primary polyamine.
In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises at least one aliphatic polyamine having one or more secondary amine groups. In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises an aliphatic polyamine having only secondary amine groups i.e. a secondary polyamine.
In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises both an aliphatic polyamine having only primary amine groups and an aliphatic polyamine having only secondary amine groups.
A polyamine may be described with reference to its amine equivalent weight. This is the number of grams of product to one equivalent of amine reactive groups with respect to isocyanate. In embodiments the polyamine resin has an amine equivalent weight with isocyanates of at least 60, 150 or 200g/equivalent and/or no more than 3000, 2000, 1000, 700 or 500g/equivalent. Amine value can be determined in accordance with ASTM D 2074.
In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises cyclic and acyclic (i.e. open-chain) polyamines.
In embodiments the aliphatic polyamines having primary and/or secondary amine groups comprise polyether amines. In embodiments the aliphatic polyamines having primary and/or secondary amine groups comprises at least 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 or 90wt% and/or no more than 95, 85 or 75wt% polyether amines.
In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises from 80 to 100wt% polyether amines. In one such embodiment, any remaining amine is aliphatic or cycloaliphatic.
In embodiments the aliphatic polyether amine comprises a primary polyether amine.
In embodiments the aliphatic polyether amine comprises a secondary polyether amine.
Examples of aliphatic polyether amines include polyamines having repeat oxypropylene and/or oxyethylene units in the backbone, i.e. polyoxypropylamines and polyoxyethyl amines.
In embodiments the aliphatic polyether amine comprises polyoxypropyldiamine and/or polyoxypropyltriamine.
In embodiments the aliphatic polyether amine comprises polyoxyethyldiamine and/or polyoxyethyltriamine.
In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises polyoxypropyldiamine, such as at least 10, 20, 30 or 40wt% polyoxypropyldiamine and/or no more than 80, 60 or 30wt% polyoxypropylediamine.
In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises one or more polyaspartic ester amine(s). In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises no more than 50, 30, 20 or 10wt% polyaspartic ester amine and/or at least 5, 10, 15 or 20wt% polyaspartic ester amine(s). In one such embodiment the polyamine resin comprises no polyaspartic ester amine. Polyaspartic ester amine is moisture sensitive so should be used in moderation if at all. Polyaspartic ester amine also slows the polymerisation reaction so reducing or replacing this polyamine can provide benefits in terms of reaction times.
In embodiments the polyamine resin has a number average molar mass of at least 1000, 2000 or 3000g/mol and/or no more than 6000, 5000, 4000, 3000 or 2000g/mol. It will be understood that properties of the polyamine resin refer to the properties of all of the polyamine resin employed in preparing the composition. For example, where the composition is prepared using the method of the second aspect, then polyamine resin may be employed in a second component as well as in a third component. The number average molar mass refers to the total resin from both the second and third components.
In embodiments the aliphatic polyamine(s) having primary and/or secondary amine groups comprise a polyamine having a number average molar mass of at least 100 1000, 2000 or 3000g/mol and/or no more than 6000, 5000, 4000, 3000 or 2000g/mol.
The aliphatic polyamines having primary and/or secondary amine groups are selected to impart specific properties on the resulting coating composition such as hardness, toughness, strength, strain to failure, and flexibility
The aliphatic polyamines comprise a triamine (a trifunctional polyamine) that provides toughness. The inventors have determined that the use of a trifunctional amine imparts toughness to the resulting coating composition. In embodiments the triamine is a primary triamine, such as a primary triamine polyetheramine. Examples include polyetheramines sold under the trade names Jeffamine®T-403, Jeffamine® T3000 and Jeffamine® T5000.
The aliphatic amines comprise a diamine (a difunctional polyamine) that provides flexibility (e.g. low modulus of elasticity and high elongation). The inventors have determined that the use of a difunctional amine imparts flexibility to the resulting coating composition. In embodiments the diamine is a primary or secondary diamine polyetheramine. Examples include polyetheramines sold under the trade name Jeffamine® D230, D400, D205, D-2000, SD-2001and D4000. In embodiments the diamine has a molar mass of at least 2000g/mol.
In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises a polyamine that provides hardness. The inventors have determined that relatively small secondary diamine provide hardness, especially a cycloaliphatic bis (secondary amine) such as Jefflink®136 (Huntsman), or Clearlink 1000 (Dorf Ketal).
The aliphatic polyamines having primary and/or secondary amine groups comprise a first polyamine that provides toughness and a second polyamine that provides flexibility. It will be understood that the first polyamine is different from the second polyamine.
In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises a primary polyether diamine, for example at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, or 60wt% primary polyether diamine and/or no more than 70, 60, 50, 40, 30 or 20wt% primary polyether diamine.
In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises a primary polyether triamine, for example at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, or 60wt% primary polyether triamine and/or no more than 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20 or 15wt% primary polyether triamine.
In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises a secondary polyether diamine for example at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, or 60wt% secondary polyether diamine and/or no more than 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20 or 15wt% secondary polyether diamine.
In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises a cycloaliphatic bis (secondary amine), for example at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, or 60wt% and/or no more than 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20 or 15wt%.
In embodiments the polyamine resin comprises:
(i) a primary polyether diamine, optionally 10 to 40wt% or 20 to 30wt% primary polyether diamine; and/or (ii) a primary polyether triamine, optionally 10 to 30wt% or 15 to 25wt% primary polyether triamine; and/or (iii) a secondary polyether diamine, optionally 10 to 30wt% or 15 to 25wt% secondary polyether diamine; and/or (iv) a cycloaliphatic bis (secondary amine), optionally 10 to 60wt%, 20 to 50wt% or 20 to 40wt% cycloaliphatic bis (secondary amine).
Ratios
In embodiments the ratio of the polyisocyanate resin to the polyamine(s) having primary and/or secondary amine groups is 10 to 50wt% : 90 to 50wt%, 15 to 40wt% : 85 to 60wt%, or 20 to 30wt%: 80 to 70wt%.
In embodiments the polyisocyanate resin and the polyamine(s) having primary and/or secondary amine groups are present in amounts so that the stoichiometric ratio of isocyanate groups: amine groups is greater than 0.8:1.0, greater than 0.9:1.0, or greater than 1.0:1.0 and/or no more than 2.0:1 .0, no more than 1.5:1, no more than 1.3: 1.0, or no more than 1.2:1. In embodiments the stoichiometric ratio of isocyanate groups: amine groups is from 1:1 to 1.1:1.
Additional components
The polyurea coating composition comprises polyurea derived from the polymerisation of a polyisocyanate resin and a polyamine resin. However, it may also comprise various additives e.g. to aid dispersion of the pigments or improve the flow or surface wetting properties of the coating. Such additives are normally incorporated into the polyamine resin. In embodiments the coating composition comprises no more than 50, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5 or 3wt% additives.
In embodiments the coating composition comprises at least one pigment. Wind turbines conventionally have a light grey colour, which may be achieved by a combination of carbon (black) and titanium dioxide (white) for example. The pigment may be mixed with the resins prior to or after polymerisation, i.e. they are incorporated into the component parts.
In embodiments the coating composition comprises at least 1, 2, 5 or 10wt% pigment and/or no more than 50, 25, 15, 10 or 5wt% pigment.
In embodiments the coating composition comprises no more than 3wt% carbon pigment. In embodiments the coating composition comprises at least 3, 5 or 10wt% and/or no more than 50, 20, 10 or 5wt% titanium dioxide.
In embodiments the coating comprises an additive that provides UV absorption, such as hydroxyl phenyl triazine, benzophenone or a hindered amine. Examples include those sold under the Tinuvin® brand.
In embodiments the coating composition comprises an adhesion promotor, such as an aminosilane and/or a thixotrope, such as a hydrophobic silica.
Other fillers may be incorporated into the formulation to enhance the performance. Examples of fillers include finely divided minerals such as barium sulphate, silica, including fumed silica and/or colloidal silica, alumina, kaolin, colloidal alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconia, colloidal zirconia, clay, mica, dolomite, talc, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate, calcium silicate, and/or calcium metasilicate.
In the absence of matting agents, the resulting coating is glossy, rather than matt.
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a method for preparing a coating composition, the method comprising partially polymerising a first component and a second component to form a prepolymer; and polymerising the prepolymer with a third component to form the coating composition; wherein the first component comprises an aliphatic polyisocyanate;
the second component comprises (i) a polyol and/or (ii) a first polyamine resin, the first polyamine resin comprising one or more aliphatic polyamine(s) having primary or secondary amine groups; and the third component comprises a second polyamine resin, the second polyamine resin comprising one or more aliphatic polyamine(s) having primary or secondary amine groups, wherein the aliphatic polyamines comprise (i) at least one triamine that imparts toughness on the resulting coating; and (ii) at least one diamine that imparts flexibility on the resulting coating.
This method uses two steps to form the coating composition for the use of the first aspect. The partial polymerisation (also known as a pre-reaction) can take place at a separate location from the subsequent polymerisation i.e. the partial polymerisation takes place in a factory whereas the subsequent polymerisation (to form the polyurea coating) will generally take place where the substrate is coated. This improves safety and processing parameters.
The first polyamine resin and the second polyamine resin together constitute the polyamine resin described in relation to the first aspect. The comments above apply equally here. When analysing a final coating composition it may not be possible to determine whether an amine was part of the second or third component.
Polyol
A polyol is a compound with multiple hydroxyl functional groups. In embodiments the polyol comprises a polymeric polyol, such as a polyether polyol or a polyester polyol. In embodiments the polyol has a molar mass of at least 1000, 2000 or 3000g/mol.
Suitable polyether polyols include polyether diols, such as polyethylene glycol (e.g. 2000g/mol), polypropylene glycol, and poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol.
Other suitable polyols include neopentyl glycol and butane diol.
An accelerator (e.g. dibutyltinlaurate) is normally used with the polyol in the reaction process to ensure that the slower isocyanate polyol reaction is driven to completion.
Prepolymer
The prepolymer is formed by the partial reaction of the isocyanate resin and either an amine or a polyol. Both routes will produce a higher molecular weight material which will still contain isocyanate reactive groups that when mixed with the third component will polymerise and form the cured coating. A polyol might provide cost savings and similar performance, as compared to the use of the amine but it would be more complex to make and have less shelf stability.
The nature and the amount of the reactants used to form the prepolymer will affect the properties of the prepolymer and thus the properties of the final cured coating. Generally if more polyol/polyamine resin is used to form the prepolymer, then a prepolymer with a lower final NCO (isocyanate) level will be formed. If less polyol/polyamine resin is used, then a prepolymer with a higher final NCO level will be formed. In embodiments, the isocyanate levels in the prepolymer are generally from 10 to 20%, such as 12 to 16%. They can be measured by titration using di-nbutylamine in accordance with ASTM D2572- 87.
Possible ranges of first and second components to form the prepolymer.
First component: polyisocyanate resin, e.g. IPDI | 50 | 44 | 40 |
Second component: (i) polyol and/or (ii) first polyamine | 50 | 56 | 60 |
resin, e.g. primary polyether diamine such as Jeffamine® D2000 | |||
NCO level% | 16.72 | 14.4 | 12.57 |
The NCO level in the prepolymer will affect the speed of the cure of the coating, with higher NCO levels giving a faster cure. It will also affect the hardness of the resulting coating, with higher NCO levels giving a harder coating.
If amines with a higher functionality than two are used in the second component (e.g. triamines such as Jeffamine® T3000, or T5000), the final coating will be tougher. However if too much triamine is used in the second component it is possible to produce a gel rather than a free flowing liquid. This is undesirable. The inventors propose employing both a triamine and a diamine in the second component to prevent gel formation.
In embodiments the second component comprises a first polyamine resin, which comprises a triamine and a diamine.
In embodiments the second component comprises a first polyamine, which comprises a diamine and no triamine.
The amines used in the second component can be primary diamine (e.g. primary polyoxypropyldiamine, such as Jeffamine® D2000) or secondary diamines (e.g. secondary polyoxypropyldiamine, such as Jeffamine® SD2001). The use of secondary diamines will result in a prepolymer with a lower viscosity due to reduced hydrogen bonding in the final prepolymer. This can be beneficial in spray applications.
After the manufacture of the prepolymer it is possible to determine the amount of NCO in the product to ensure that the reaction is complete and all the amine (or OH functionality) has been reacted out. This can be done by titration using di-nbutylamine in accordance with ASTM D2572- 871.
A final stage of vacuum distillation of the prepolymer may be used. This will remove any unreacted pure isocyanate from the material to a level below 1%. This is sometimes required to ensure that operators are not exposed to higher level of airborne free isocyanate during application.
The method can be described with reference to the volumes of the first component and the second component. In embodiments the ratio of the volume of the first component to the volume of the second component is 30 to 60 vol% first component : 70 to 40vol% second component, such as 40 to 50 vol% first component : 60 to 50 vol%.
The method can be described with reference to the masses of the first component and the second component. In one embodiment the ratio of the mass of the first component to the mass of the second component is 30 to 60 wt% first component : 70 to 40wt% second component, such as 40 to 50 wt% first component : 60 to 50 wt% second component or 45 to 55 wt% first component : 55 to 45wt% second component.
The method can be described with reference to the volumes of the prepolymer and third components. In embodiments the ratio of the volume of the prepolymer to the volume of the third component is 40 to 60 vol% prepolymer : 60 to 40vol% third component, such as 45 to 55 vol% prepolymer : 55 to 45 vol% third component.
The method can be described with reference to the masses of the prepolymer and the third component. In embodiments the ratio of the mass of the prepolymer to the mass of the third component is 40 to 60 wt% prepolymer : 60 to 40wt% third component, such as 45 to 55 wt% prepolymer : 55 to 45 wt% third component.
In embodiments the method is carried out in the absence of solvent. Examples of solvents include xylene, aliphatic white spirit solvent, mineral spirits, ketonic solvents, and ester solvents.
It will be understood that the invention also resides m the prepolymer and the coating composition obtainable by the method of the second aspect.
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a kit for protecting a substrate against erosion, the kit comprising:
(a) a prepolymer formed from the partial polymerisation of a first component and a second component; and (b) a third component, wherein the first component comprises an aliphatic polyisocyanate resin;
the second component comprises (i) a polyol and/or (ii) a first polyamine resin, the first polyamine resin comprising one or more aliphatic polyamine(s) having primary or secondary amine groups; and the third component comprises a second polyamine resin, the second polyamine resin comprising one or more aliphatic polyamine(s) having primary or secondary amine groups, wherein the aliphatic polyamines comprise at least one triamine that imparts toughness on the resulting coating and at least one diamine that imparts flexibility on the resulting coating.
It will be understood that the prepolymer and the third component will be supplied in separate packs, e.g. drums. The prepolymer and the third component can be combined to polymerise and form the polyurea coating composition on demand.
In embodiments the kit does not comprise any solvent.
In embodiments the kit additionally comprises (c) a feeding system to pump the prepolymer and the third component separately from the supply packs (e.g. drums) to the proportioning system; (d) a proportioning and heating system to separately meter the volumes of each component and raise the pressure and temperature in preparation for mixing and spraying; (e) heated hoses to maintain temperature of the components between the proportioning unit and spray gun; and (f) a spray gun incorporating an impingement mixing chamber.
According to fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for protecting a substrate against erosion, the method comprising providing the coating composition obtained by the method of the second aspect; applying the coating composition to the substrate to form one or more coating layers on the substrate;
allowing the coating composition to harden.
The polymerisation reaction of the prepolymer (comprising polyisocyanate) and the third component (comprising polyamine) is very fast. As such the coating composition must be prepared and immediately applied to the substrate.
In embodiments the substrate is a wind turbine or part thereof, such as a blade of a wind turbine, or part thereof.
In embodiments the coating composition is applied to the substrate and/or allowed to harden at an ambient temperature, for example 0 to 35°C. The coating composition is capable of hardening/curing at ambient temperature, such that no artificial heating or UV source is required to effect curing/hardening.
In embodiments the coating composition is applied to the substrate and/or allowed to harden in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of at least 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 or 95%. The coating composition can be applied and cured at higher humidity than polyurethane based systems.
In embodiments the coating composition is applied to the substrate by spraying, for example using air-less high pressure (20-250 bar), pre-heated (55-85°C), impingement mixing spray equipment.
To ensure proper mixing of the prepolymer (part A) and the third component (part B) in the spray impingement mix chamber, the composition may be designed such that viscosities of the two components are as follows:
1. At room temperature (20-25°C) the viscosities of both parts should ideally by less than 2000 mPa.s but not greater than 3500 mPa.s
2. At the pre-heated application temperature (55-85°C), viscosities of both components should be ideally <100 mPa.S and not greater than 300 mPa.S
3. At the pre-heated application temperature (55-85°C), the viscosities of both parts should be ideally the same, with a difference no greater than 150 mPa.s
After impingement mixing, the reaction and thus the viscosity of the mixed composition progresses very rapidly. However care may be taken in the formulation of the composition such that viscosity progression is not too fast. If that is the case, then there can be two problems: 1. the coating may not “wet out” the substrate adequately to establish proper adhesion : 2. the coating will not have time to “level” or “flow” in order to establish a smooth, glossy surface finish. As we mention elsewhere, one key to controlling this viscosity progression in the formula is in limiting the use of the trifunctional amine. So, this negative effect of the trifunctional amine needs to be balanced with its positive effect on imparting high toughness to the coating.
In embodiments the coating composition is applied using a spray nozzle that is mounted on a buggy. The use of a buggy allows the traverse speed and the distance from nozzle to substrate to be controlled. This helps to achieve a well-controlled thickness distribution of coating on the substrate.
In embodiments the coating composition is applied using one, or multiple, e.g. three or more, spray nozzles, which may be mounted on buggies. The use of multiple nozzles helps achieve a well-controlled, variable thickness coating on a substrate.
In embodiments the coating composition is applied to the substrate to form one or more coating layers, wherein the coating layers have a total maximum thickness of at least 200, 400, 600, 800 or lOOOpm and/or no more than 3000, 2000 or lOOOpm.
In embodiments the coating composition is applied to the substrate to form one or more coating layers, wherein at least one coating layer has a maximum thickness of at least 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 or 800pm. The coating composition of the present invention does not require a solvent so there are no difficulties with releasing a solvent from the coating, such that thicker coatings can be achieved.
In embodiments the method protects the substrate against erosion where the erosion is solid particle erosion and/or rain erosion.
An improvement in rain erosion resistance is measurable in accordance with in accordance with ASTM G73-10. An improvement in erosion resistance to solid particles is measurable in accordance with ASTM G76 for Particle Erosion Test.
According to fifth aspect of the invention there is provided a substrate that is coated with the composition of the first aspect.
In embodiments the substrate is a wind turbine or part thereof, such as a blade of a wind turbine, or part thereof.
It will be understood that the coated substrate is producible by the method of the fourth aspect, such that the comments above apply equally here.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the following figures in which:
Fig 1 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine blade that is coated with a coating composition in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; and
Fig 2 is a schematic diagram demonstrating how the coating composition may be applied.
Example 1 - laboratory scale
A prepolymer was prepared from the ingredients in the table below. The amines were blended together and then added dropwise over 90 minutes to the isocyanate under a nitrogen blanket, using a propeller mixer. The exotherm was controlled by cooling to 40°C. After all the amine had been added the temperature was raised to 60°C, and held there with mixing for a period of 4 hours and then the carbon was added.
Part A (first and second components)
wt% | |
isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI, hard) | 30-60 |
primary diamine (flex.) | 30-70 |
primary triamine (tough) | 10-50 |
Carbon (pigment) | 0-2 |
100 |
Part B was prepared by blending together the ingredients in the table below using a high speed shearer. The titanium dioxide, silica and any other fillers are incorporated
640 into part B by use of a high-speed dissolver e.g. a Cowles dissolver, under vacuum to ensure dispersion of the pigments and other solid components and an air free mix. A Hegman gauge was used to check that the pigments were fully dispersed (a reading of at least 5 on the Hegman gauge).
645 Part B (third component)
wt% | |
secondary diamine (flex) | 0-50 |
primary triamine (tough) | 0-50 |
secondary diamine (hard) | 0-50 |
polyaspartic amine (slow & hard) | 0-50 |
titanium dioxide (white pigment) | 5-20 |
hydrophobic silica (thixotrope) | 0-5 |
aminosilane (adhesion promotor) | 0-2 |
hydroxy phenyl triazine (UV abs) | 0-3 |
hindered amine (UV abs) | 0-1.5 |
100 |
Part A (prepolymer) and part B (third component) are combined to generate the polyurea coating composition.
650 The ratio of part A to the part B is 100 to 94 by weight, 1:1 by volume. This gives an excess of isocyanate of 7%.
The specific blend of amines was selected to obtain properties suitable for use as a coating for a wind turbine blade. The balance of hardness to elongation of the system
655 is governed by the ratio of hard to soft segments and the molecular weight of the soft segments. The TPDT, Jefflink® 136 and polyaspartic amine are hard the other components are soft. Hence, this system has a hard to soft ratio of 94 to 141. The toughness/tear resistance of the system is governed by the amount of trifunctional amine since this gives both elongation and strength. This system can however lead to
660 an early gelation. To get the best abrasion resistance it is important to maximise the amount of the trifunctional amines, as these give the strength whilst still retaining flexibility of the coating. However if too much trifunctional amine is used, the system can suffer from gelation occurring before the system has had time to mix thoroughly in the mix chamber, and/or level completely to give a high gloss surface. The use of a triamine and a diamine helps to avoid this problem.
Example 2 - Application to substrate
This example is the same as Example 1 except that Jefflink® 136 is used in place of polyaspartic amine. This increases the speed of the reaction.
The coating composition is applied to a substrate (a wind turbine blade) using plural reactor heated spray equipment. This equipment includes a feeder system (a drum for part A and a drum for part B) which is in communication with a proportioning and heating unit. Parts A and B are separately metered in the proportioning and heating unit and delivered via a heated hose to a spray gun having an impingement mix chamber just upstream of the spray nozzle.
A schematic diagram of the resulting product is shown in figure 1 (not to scale). Referring to figure 1 there is shown a wind turbine blade 10 having a coating 12 of varying thickness. The coating 12 has a maximum thickness x near the leading edge. The maximum thickness is needed for maximum erosion protection, and this could be anywhere from 300 micron up to 3 or 5mm. This is where the brunt of the erosion effect will be since the surface is close to perpendicular to the oncoming wind/ram/sand/etc., hence the impact energy will be highest. As you move along the aerofoil section, the coating is feathered out”, such that the step height of the feather-edge is reduced to a thickness v (no more than 200 micron). In aerodynamics, tire edge of the LEP coat would be referred to as a backwards facing step and would be present both on the suction-side and pressure-side of the aerofoil, and such steps have a definite effect on the aerodynamic performance. Since we don't want to affect the aerodynamic performance in any appreciable way, a requirement of 200 micron maximum step height would be considered to have a negligible effect.
To achieve a well-controlled, variable thickness film by spray application on a complex geometry component is not trivial. Referring to figure 2 there is shown an improved system having three nozzles 14. The nozzles 14 are each mounted onto a track-driven automated spray buggy so that we can precisely control the traverse speed and distance from nozzle 14 to the substrate (wind turbine blade 10), It is possible to control and actuate the three nozzle positions and angles relative to each other for maximum effect.
700
Claims (26)
1. Use of a polyurea coating composition to coat a wind turbine blade or part thereof, wherein the coating composition is derived from a polymerisation reaction between a polyisocyanate resin and a polyamine resin, the polyisocyanate resin comprising one or more aliphatic isocyanate(s) and the polyamine resin comprising two or more aliphatic polyamines having primary and/or secondary amine groups, wherein the aliphatic polyamines comprise (i) at least one triamine that imparts toughness on the resulting coating; and (ii) at least one diamine that imparts flexibility on the resulting coating.
2. The use of claim 1, wherein the polyamine resin comprises polyether amine(s), preferably at least 50wt% polyether amine(s).
3. The use of claim 2, wherein the polyether amine(s) comprise polyoxypropylamine(s) and/or polyoxyethylamine(s).
4. The use of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one triamine that imparts toughness comprises a primary polyether triamine; and/or the at least one diamine that imparts flexibility comprises a primary polyether diamine and/or a secondary polyether diamine.
5. The use of any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the polyether amine(s) have a number average molar mass of at least lOOOg/mol.
6. The use of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polymerisation reaction (i) does not employ solvent and/or (ii) does not employ polyaspartic ester amine.
7. The use of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one diamine that imparts flexibility on the resulting coating has a number average molar mass of at least 2000g/mol.
8. The use of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polyamine resin comprises (i) a primary polyether diamine;
(ii) a primary polyether triamine;
(iii) a secondary polyether diamine; and (iv) a cycloaliphatic bis (secondary) amine.
9. A method for preparing a coating composition, the method comprising partially polymerising a first component and a second component to form a prepolymer; and polymerising the prepolymer with a third component to form the coating composition, wherein the first component comprises an aliphatic polyisocyanate;
the second component comprises (i) a polyol and/or (ii) a first polyamine resin, the first polyamine resin comprising one or more aliphatic polyamine(s) having primary or secondary amine groups; and the third component comprises a second polyamine resin, the second polyamine resin comprising one or more aliphatic polyamine(s) having primary or secondary amine groups, wherein the aliphatic polyamines comprise (i) at least one triamine that imparts toughness on the resulting coating; and (ii) at least one diamine that imparts flexibility on the resulting coating.
10. The method of claim 9, which is carried out in the absence of solvent.
11. The prepolymer obtainable by the method of claim 9 or 10.
12. The coating composition obtainable by the method of claim 9 or 10.
13. A kit for protecting a substrate against erosion, the kit comprising:
(a) a prepolymer formed from the partial polymerisation of a first component and a second component; and (b) a third component; wherein the first component comprises an aliphatic polyisocyanate resin;
770 the second component comprises (i) a polyol and/or (ii) a first polyamine resin, the first polyamine resin comprising one or more aliphatic polyamine(s) having primary or secondary amine groups; and the third component comprises a second polyamine resin, the second polyamine resin comprising one or more aliphatic polyamine(s) having primary or secondary amine
775 groups, wherein the aliphatic polyamines comprise (i) at least one triamine that imparts toughness on the resulting coating and (ii) at least one diamine that imparts flexibility on the resulting coating.
780
14. The kit of claim 13, additionally comprising one or more of (c) a feed pump system; (d) a proportioning and heating system; (e) heated hoses; and (f) a spray gun
15. The method of claim 9 or 10 or the kit of claim 13 or 14, wherein the prepolymer has an isocyanate level of from 10 to 20% as determined by titration using
785 di-n-butylamine in accordance with ASTM D2572- 87.
16. The method of claim 9, 10 or 15 or the kit of any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the second component comprises a primary or secondary polyether triamine to impart toughness and a primary or secondary polyether diamine to impart
790 flexibility.
17. The method of any one of claims 9, 10, 15 or 16 or the kit of any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the third component comprises a secondary polyether diamine to impart flexibility.
795
18. The use, method or kit of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polyisocyanate resin comprises (i) hexamethylene diisocyanate, (ii) isophorone diisocyanate and/or (iii) methylene bis (4-cyclohexylisocyanate).
800
19. The use, method or kit of claim 18, wherein the polyisocyanate resin comprises at least 35%wt% (i) hexamethylene diisocyanate, (ii) isophorone diisocyanate and/or (iii) methylene bis (4-cyclohexylisocyanate).
20. The use, method or kit of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the 805 polyisocyanate resin has an isocyanate equivalent weight of no more than
250g/equivalent.
21. The use, method or kit of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polyisocyanate resin has a number average molar mass of no more than 500g/mol.
810
22. A method for protecting a substrate against erosion, the method comprising providing the coating composition of claim 12;
applying the coating composition to a substrate to form one or more coating layers on the substrate;
815 allowing the coating composition to harden.
23. The method of claim 22, wherein the substrate is a wind turbine blade, or part thereof.
820
24. A wind turbine blade or part thereof having the coating composition of claim
12 applied thereto.
25. A coating composition substantially as described herein.
825
26. A method for preparing a coating composition substantially as described herein.
Intellectual
Property
Office
Application No: Claims searched:
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1705163.2A GB2560972A (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-03-30 | Coating |
EP18715942.1A EP3601785B1 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2018-03-29 | Coating |
PCT/GB2018/050880 WO2018178718A1 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2018-03-29 | Coating |
DK18715942.1T DK3601785T3 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2018-03-29 | COATING |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1705163.2A GB2560972A (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-03-30 | Coating |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB201705163D0 GB201705163D0 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
GB2560972A true GB2560972A (en) | 2018-10-03 |
Family
ID=58682644
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB1705163.2A Withdrawn GB2560972A (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-03-30 | Coating |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2560972A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020260578A1 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-30 | Hempel A/S | Use of coating compositions for wind turbine blades |
RU2819364C2 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2024-05-17 | Хемпел А/С | Use of coating compositions for wind turbine blades |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112778496B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-06-03 | 浙江艾特普科技有限公司 | PAE polyurea UV resin, synthetic method and coating composition prepared from PAE polyurea UV resin |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040220369A1 (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2004-11-04 | Chen Harry (Zhong-Xiao) | Methods for preparing and applying polyurea elastomers and coatings |
US20060172074A1 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-03 | Diloreto Salvatore | Polyurea coating systems and related methods |
-
2017
- 2017-03-30 GB GB1705163.2A patent/GB2560972A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040220369A1 (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2004-11-04 | Chen Harry (Zhong-Xiao) | Methods for preparing and applying polyurea elastomers and coatings |
US20060172074A1 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-03 | Diloreto Salvatore | Polyurea coating systems and related methods |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020260578A1 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-30 | Hempel A/S | Use of coating compositions for wind turbine blades |
US20220259456A1 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2022-08-18 | Hempel A/S | Use of coating compositions for wind turbine blades |
US11807772B2 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2023-11-07 | Hempel A/S | Use of coating compositions for wind turbine blades |
EP4242247A3 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2023-11-22 | Hempel A/S | Use of coating compositions for wind turbine blades |
RU2819364C2 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2024-05-17 | Хемпел А/С | Use of coating compositions for wind turbine blades |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB201705163D0 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20100285311A1 (en) | Dual component (aqueous) hybrid reactive resin system, method for production and use thereof | |
EP3601785B1 (en) | Coating | |
EP1593699B1 (en) | Silicone modified acrylics and epoxies | |
TW200946556A (en) | Composites comprising a multi-layer coating system | |
KR101411222B1 (en) | A curing agent | |
US20060047090A1 (en) | Silicone modified polyurea | |
US20130210997A1 (en) | Erosion-resistant coating compositions | |
US8501323B2 (en) | Two-component composition for producing polyurethane gel coats for epoxy-resin and vinyl-ester resin composite materials | |
KR101159151B1 (en) | Water-based polyurethane resin composition and coating composition comprising the same | |
CN107075299A (en) | A kind of composition | |
KR101902881B1 (en) | Two-component polyurethane gelcoat paint and method for forming a polyurethane gelcoat layer using the same | |
GB2560972A (en) | Coating | |
DK1487929T3 (en) | Polyol blend to make polyurethane coatings | |
US9221997B2 (en) | Erosion-resistant coating compositions | |
US20240117182A1 (en) | Putty composition for wind turbine blades | |
US20240010783A1 (en) | Water-dispersible modified polyisocyanates | |
CN112703218B (en) | Two-component coating composition, method for coating a substrate, coated substrate and use of the coating composition for improving erosion resistance | |
EP4015554A1 (en) | Water-dispersible modified polyisocyanates | |
EP3445796B1 (en) | Aqueous polyurethane dispersion | |
EP3818117B1 (en) | Two-component solvent-based coating composition, method for coating a substrate, coated substrate, and use of such coating composition for improving erosion resistance | |
CN117887063A (en) | Polyether aspartate containing aldehyde (ketone) imine and application of polyether aspartate to wind power blade coating | |
CN118382654A (en) | Blocked polyisocyanates and water-soluble clear coating compositions containing the same | |
KR20140077274A (en) | Coating Composition for Paint Protection Film |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |