GB2554888A

GB2554888A - Impact Crusher Assembly

Info

Publication number: GB2554888A
Application number: GB1617295.9A
Authority: GB
Inventors: J Mcgoldrick Paul
Original assignee: Crushers 4 Sale Ltd
Current assignee: Crushers 4 Sale Ltd
Priority date: 2016-10-12
Filing date: 2016-10-12
Publication date: 2018-04-18
Also published as: GB201617295D0

Abstract

An impact crusher assembly comprising: a crushing chamber; a rotor 18 with a plurality of impact hammers 24; an impact plate 26 adjacent the rotor; a drive means to drive the rotor; and a plurality of parallel plates 32 extending perpendicular to the rotational axis, with the hammers aligned with the spaces between pairs of plates. Preferably, hammers pass between plates and plate comprise cut-out for rotors. Preferably, two parallel rotors are mounted in chamber and comprise tangential, removable hammers. Preferably, rotors and impact plate define discharge passage 30 leading to discharge opening 14. Preferably, plates are mounted on common support 34,36 and are removable. Preferably, channels, slot or apertures define a grading screen. Preferably, chamber defines a bucket 2 where two vertically spaced rotors direct material to impact plate on upper surface, and plates are mounted behind the rotors. Alternatively, chamber is a hopper with upper and lower openings.

Description

(54) Title of the Invention: Impact Crusher Assembly

Abstract Title: Impact crusher assembly with parallel plates (57) An impact crusher assembly comprising: a crushing chamber; a rotor 18 with a plurality of impact hammers 24; an impact plate 26 adjacent the rotor; a drive means to drive the rotor; and a plurality of parallel plates 32 extending perpendicular to the rotational axis, with the hammers aligned with the spaces between pairs of plates. Preferably, hammers pass between plates and plate comprise cut-out for rotors. Preferably, two parallel rotors are mounted in chamber and comprise tangential, removable hammers. Preferably, rotors and impact plate define discharge passage 30 leading to discharge opening 14. Preferably, plates are mounted on common support 34,36 and are removable. Preferably, channels, slot or apertures define a grading screen. Preferably, chamber defines a bucket 2 where two vertically spaced rotors direct material to impact plate on upper surface, and plates are mounted behind the rotors. Alternatively, chamber is a hopper with upper and lower openings.

E

©4

Impact Crusher Assembly

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to an impact crusher assembly for breaking up solid material, in particular stone, concrete, asphalt, brick, breeze blocks, demolition debris, and other hard and brittle natural or recycled materials.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Impact crushers are used to reduce objects from a larger to a smaller size. Impact crushers are commonly used in the recycling of building and construction materials, such as used concrete, asphalt, brick, breeze blocks, demolition debris, glass, and any other substances that are hard and brittle. Impact crushers are also used for crushing rock and other natural substances during quarrying.

Known impacts crushers typically includes a bucket or hopper for receiving material that is to be crushed, at least one rotor is rotationally mounted within the frame upon which is mounted a plurality of blades or impact hammers arranged to impact material within the bucket or hopper when the rotor is rotated, forcing the material against either a wall of the bucket or hopper and/or against one or more impact plates that are mounted therein. Eventually, the reduced material is discharged from the bucket or hopper via a discharge outlet and is deposited either into a pile or onto a conveyor system. Some impact crushers are provided with an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the distance between the or each impact plate and the adjacent rotor to adjust the size to which the material is reduced or to maintain the desired output size of the crushed objects while compensating for wear of the blades/impact hammers and impact plates through normal use.

Impact crushers may be designed such that the distance between the crushing blades or hammers of the rotor and the adjacent impact plate is very small, resulting in a crushing of the material that is more akin to grinding than to shattering the object by being thrown against an impact plate.

WO 2012/028766 illustrates a known impact crusher wherein mineral material is broken up by crusher blades provided on a pair of rotating drums rotatably mounted in a bucket, whereby the material is subjected to mechanical attrition against an adjacent crusher plate mounted within the bucket, decreasing the particle size thereof before the material is discharged from the bucket via a downstream discharge opening and/or via a grading screen defined in a lower wall of the bucket. Each rotating drum incorporates a plurality of crusher blades arranged between adjacent pairs of discs. The particle size of the material being screened varies not only due to the mutual position of the drums and the crusher plate but also due to the mutual distance between the discs protruding from the drums. The discs are equally spaced and protrude in parallel from the drum. Only one crusher blade is provided in each disc interspace. However, a problem with this known impact crusher design is that both the crusher blades, which are normally mounted to be replaceable when worn, and the discs, which are not, wear, requiring replacement of the entire drum after a relatively short period of use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the present invention there is provided an impact crusher assembly for breaking up solid material comprising a crushing chamber for receiving material to be crushed via a loading opening; at least one rotor rotatably mounted within the chamber;

a plurality of impact hammers mounted on the at least one rotor for impacting material within the chamber as the rotor rotates;

an impact plate adjacent the at least one rotor against which the material is directed by the impact hammers during rotation of the rotor; drive means for driving the at least one rotor; and a plurality of plates arranged parallel to one another and extending perpendicular to a rotational axis of the or each rotor and mounted adjacent the at least one rotor such that said impact hammers are substantially aligned with the spaces between respective pairs of said plates.

Preferably said plurality of plates are mounted within the chamber such that said impact hammers pass between respective pairs of said plates during rotation of the at least one rotor.

Said plurality of plates may incorporate cut outs aligned with said at least one rotor such that the plates fit around at least a portion of said at least one rotor.

Preferably said impact hammers extend tangentially to the at least one rotor.

Preferably said impact hammers are removeably mounted on said at least one rotor to permit replacement when worn.

In a preferred embodiment at least two rotors may be rotatably mounted within the chamber in side by side relationship having parallel axes of rotation. Preferably said drive means is arranged to rotate said rotors in the same direction as one another such that both rotors direct material in the same direction towards the impact plate while also breaking down and grading the material, as will be described below in more detail.

Preferably a discharge passage, leading to a discharge opening of the chamber, is defined between said at least one rotor and said impact plate. The impact plate may be moveably mounted in the chamber to permit adjustment the width of said discharge passage.

In a preferred embodiment said plurality of plates are arranged within the chamber such that material of a sufficiently small size (i.e. less than the spacing between adjacent plates) may pass between the plates to reach a discharge opening of the chamber.

Said plurality of plates may be mounted together on a common support structure.

The plurality of plates may be removeably mounted within the chamber to facilitate replacement or removal of the plates.

In one embodiment channels, slots or apertures may be formed in a lower wall of the chamber beneath the at least one rotor defining a grading screen through which undersize material may pass.

In one embodiment the crushing chamber is defined by a bucket arranged to be coupled to an arm of an excavator or loader. The bucket may comprise a base wall, opposing side walls and an upper wall, a loading opening being defined at a front end of the bucket and a discharge opening being defined at a rear end of the bucket, opposite said loading opening, the impact plate being mounted in or adjacent the upper wall of the bucket, the positioning of the impact hammers and the direction of rotation of the at least one rotor being adapted to direct material upwardly towards the impact plate, said plurality of parallel plates being mounted between the at least one rotor and the rear end of the bucket. The plates may be arranged such that material may pass between the plates to reach the discharge opening. At least two rotors may be arranged in vertically spaced relationship within the bucket between the front and rear ends of the bucket. Said plurality of plates are preferably mounted behind said at least two rotors, between the rotors and the rear end of the bucket, with respect to the normal direction of movement of material between the loading opening and the discharge opening of the bucket.

In an alternative embodiment the crushing chamber is defined by a hopper having an upper loading opening and a lower discharge opening, said at least one rotor being mounted within the hopper between said loading and discharge opening.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

An impact crusher assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which :30

Figure 1 is a side view of an impact crusher assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention with the nearest side wall omitted to show internal detail;

Figure 2 is a sectional view on line A-A of Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the internal components of the impact crusher assembly of Figure 1 with the bucket omitted for clarity.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

An impact crusher assembly in accordance with a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in Figures 1 to 3. The impact crusher assembly is of the bucket crusher type, comprising a bucket 2 attachable to an arm of an excavator or loader of the type normally used for shovelling up loose material, said bucket 2 comprising a lower wall 4, opposing side walls 6, an upper wall 8, and a loading opening 10 defined at a front end of the bucket. The forward end of the lower wall 4 adjacent the loading opening includes a hardened cutting edge 12. A discharge opening 14 is defined at a rear end of the bucket 2, opposite said loading opening 10, through which crushed material may be discharged.

A pair of rotors 16,18 are mounted within the bucket 2 in vertically stacked relationship, extending between the side walls 6 of the bucket and arranged to rotate about respective horizontal axes extending parallel to one another. A suitable drive motor 20, such as an electric or hydraulic motor, is provided for rotating the rotors 16,18, the rotors 16,18 being coupled to the drive motor 20 by chains and sprockets 21,22 such that the rotors 16,18 each rotate in the same direction.

A plurality of impact hammers 24 are mounted on each rotor 16,18 for impacting material within the bucket 2 as the rotors 16,18 rotate, said impact hammers 24 extending tangentially from each rotor 16,18. The impact hammers 24 are removeably mounted on each rotor 16,18 to permit replacement when worn, as is known in the art.

An impact plate 26 is mounted in the upper wall 8 of the bucket 2, the positioning of the impact hammers 24 and the direction of rotation of the rotors 16,18 being adapted to direct material upwardly towards the impact plate 26.

The impact plate 26 is pivotally mounted to the bucket 2 at a forward end thereof and is supported at a rearward end by an adjustable support 28 whereby the gap between the upper rotor 18 and the impact plate 26 can be adjusted. The gap between the upper rotor 18 and the impact plate 26 defines a discharge passage 30 through which material may pass to reach the discharge opening 14 of the bucket 2.

A row of parallel crusher plates 32 is mounted in the bucket 2 adjacent to and behind the rotors 16,18, the spacing of the plates 32 being arranged such that the impact hammers 24 pass between respective pairs of the plates 32 during rotation of the rotors 16,18, the impact hammers 24 being aligned with the spaces between the plates 32. This enables the impact hammers 24 to interact with the plates 32 to break up material between the plates 32. Such material may then pass between the plates 32 to reach the discharge opening 14. The spacing between the plates

32 therefore helps to determine the size to which the material is broken down by the crusher assembly.

The plates 32 may incorporate semi-circular cut outs therein aligned with the rotors 16,18 such that the plates 32 closely fit around at least a portion each rotor 16,18.

The plates 32 are mounted on a pair of parallel mounting tubes 34,36 to form a unitary assembly within the bucket 2. Preferably the plates 32 (as said unitary assembly or individually) may be removed from the bucket to facilitate repair or replacement when worn. The plate assembly may also be adjustably mounted within the bucket 2 to permit adjustment of the distance between the plates 32 and the rotors 16,18, which may facilitate adjustment of the size to which the material is broken up.

Although not shown in the drawings, slots, channels or apertures may be formed in the lower wall 4 of the bucket 2 below the rotors 16,18 and plates 32 to define a grading screen through which undersize material may pass such that the impact crusher assembly may also serve to grade the material as it is crushed.

As shown in Figure 3, flywheels 38 may be coupled to one or both ends of one or both of the rotors 16,18 to smooth rotation of the rotors during use.

By separating the plates 32 from the rotors 16,18, when compared to the arrangement in WO 2012/028766 where the discs and hammers/blades are all mounted on the rotors, construction, repair and maintenance of the assembly is greatly facilitated while crushing effectiveness is maximised.

The invention is not limited to the embodiment described above but can be amended or modified without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims. While the embodiment shown comprises a bucket crusher, it is envisaged that the assembly may comprise a hopper within which the rotors, parallel crusher plates and impact plate is mounted in a fixed assembly for crushing material and delivering the material into a suitable receptacle or onto one or more conveyors for subsequent processing or stockpiling.

An impact crusher assembly in accordance with the present invention may be used for processing numerous materials wherein the material is of a relatively brittle nature and requires to be broken down into smaller or more uniform particle size.

The assembly may be used for processing natural materials, such as stone, for example in quarrying processes, or may be used for breaking down recycled materials, such as demolition debris, to facilitate further processing, reuse or disposal.

Claims

1. An impact crusher assembly for breaking up solid material comprising a crushing 5 chamber for receiving material to be crushed via a loading opening;

at least one rotor rotatably mounted within the chamber;

an impact plate adjacent the at least one rotor against which the material is directed 10 by the impact hammers during rotation of the rotor;

drive means for driving the at least one rotor; and a plurality of plates arranged parallel to one another and extending perpendicular to a rotational axis of the or each rotor and mounted adjacent the at least one rotor such that said impact hammers are substantially aligned with the spaces between

15 respective pairs of said plates.

2. An assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein said plurality of plates are mounted within the chamber such that said impact hammers pass between respective pairs of said plates during rotation of the at least one rotor.

3. An assembly as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein said plurality of plates incorporate cut outs aligned with said at least one rotor such that the plates fit around at least a portion of said at least one rotor.

25

4. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said impact hammers extend tangentially to the at least one rotor.

5. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said impact hammers are removeably mounted on said at least one rotor to permit replacement when

30 worn.

6. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein at least two rotors are rotatably mounted within the chamber in side by side relationship having parallel axes of rotation.

7. An assembly as claimed in claim 6, wherein said drive means is arranged to rotate said rotors in the same direction as one another.

5

8. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein a discharge passage, leading to a discharge opening of the chamber, is defined between said at least one rotor and said impact plate.

9. An assembly as claimed in claim 8, wherein said impact plate is moveably

10 mounted in the chamber to permit adjustment the width of said discharge passage.

10. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said plurality of plates are arranged within the chamber such that material of a sufficiently small size may pass between the plates to reach a discharge opening of the chamber.

11. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said plurality of plates are mounted together on a common support structure.

12. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said plurality of plates

20 are removeably mounted within the chamber to facilitate replacement or removal of the plates.

13. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein channels, slots or apertures are formed in a lower wall of the chamber beneath the at least one rotor

25 defining a grading screen through which undersize material may pass.

14. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said chamber is defined by a bucket arranged to be coupled to an arm of an excavator.

30

15. An assembly as claimed in claim 14, wherein the bucket comprises a base wall, opposing side walls and an upper wall, a loading opening being defined at a front end of the bucket and a discharge opening being defined at a rear end of the bucket, opposite said loading opening, the impact plate being mounted in or adjacent the upper wall of the bucket, the positioning of the impact hammers and the direction of rotation of the at least one rotor being adapted to direct material upwardly towards the impact plate, said plurality of parallel plates being mounted between the at least one rotor and the rear end of the bucket.

5

16. An assembly as claimed in claim 15, wherein the plates are arranged such that material may pass between the plates to reach the discharge opening.

17. An assembly as claimed in claim 15 or claim 16, wherein at least two rotors are provided arranged in vertically spaced relationship within the bucket between the

10 front and rear ends of the bucket.

18. An assembly as claimed in any of claims 15 to 17, wherein said plurality of plates are mounted behind said at least two rotors, between the rotors and the rear end of the bucket.

19. An assembly as claimed in any of claims 1 to 13, wherein said chamber is defined by a hopper having an upper loading opening and a lower discharge opening, said at least one rotor being mounted within the hopper between said loading and discharge opening.

20. An impact crusher assembly for breaking up solid material substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Intellectual

Property

Office

Application No: GB1617295.9 Examiner: Mr Peter Banks