GB2496277A - Vertical or horizontal axis wind turbine system with variable geometry inlet - Google Patents

Abstract

A wind turbine system which includes multiple vertical or horizontal axis turbines 3 and a variable geometry nose cone 1 which opens about a pivot axis which is further away from the opening when in the expanded configuration than in the contracted configuration. Also included are side fins/flaps 7 for directing airflow through the housing for maximum venturi effect and a variable geometry rear cone 4. Each of the turbines may drive a plurality of generators which may switched in depending on the wind conditions. In another arrangement an infinitely variable drive, in the form of variable diameter cones and a belt drive is used to transmit force from the turbines to the generators. The wind turbines may be grouped together to form a wall or barrage of generators.

Description

VVEMVHAT

(VVenturi Effect Multiple Vertical or horizontal Axis lurhine) l'his invention relates to a wind turbine design, for more efficiently and reliably generating energy/electricity from [lie wind, in slower and faster wind speeds, while being quieter, more aesthetically pleasing to the eye and having the capability to house people or ow food and animals.

When generating electricity/ mechanical energy froill the wind, there are many problems that effect efficiency, and local residents, acceptance of construction construction of them. Among these are the cffieicncy of the turbine type itselt how close together the type can be placed.(due to the turbulence behind and around each turbine) The noise that is generated by the design, aerodynamic modulus.

(inefficiency due to the difference in wind speed, between different altitudes, which also generates extra noise) and the wind speeds that the turbines will operate at.(too low and they don't produce much if any power, too high and they have to switch off and remain stationary) I lorizontal turbines are quite efficient but suffcr from high noise, and they don't produce much power at low wind speeds, they also have to shut down in high wind speeds, as do most if not all wind turbines. Vertical axis turbines suffer return rotor drag with most designs, reducing their efficiency.

These are sonic of the problems that the VVEMVHAT is intended to solve. The niain principle of the VVEMVIIAT is A highly variable geometry housing on both the inlet and outlet into which twin or a plurality, of vertical or horizontal turbines are contained. This turbine housing is also able to accept a plurality of almost any design of vertical or horizontal axis turbine or blade. Ihe VVEMVHA'I also allows maximum energy output at the highest wind speeds. as well as giving a good output at the lowest of wind speeds. VI iMVHAT is very quiet by comparison to other turbine designs, can be placed very close together.(even in a large barrage type contiguration) is very efficient in terms of energy conversion from wind to mechanical, and then to electricity, and the VVEMVHA'I is able to all hut eliminate aerodynamic modulus.( this is due to a split level modular design) Ihe variable geometry inlets and outlets,(consisting of variable geometry front and rear cone-like structures and variable geometry side flaps) which can be opened or closed according to wind conditions, allowing all wind to he focussed onto the turbines/blades during low wind speed, and partial/almost completely cover the turbines/blades and bypass the wind around them during higher to even gale force winds.

The design focusses the wind by way of Venturi effect taking wind from a much larger area and focussing it onto the much smaller area turbines. l'his variable control Venturi effect allows the turbines to run at high output in a comparatively slow wind speed, and allow high-ntaximuni output in the highest wind speeds. VEMVHAT can he built as a residential tower block/sky scraper on a rotating base, to allow peopte to live in it or plants and crops, even animals to be raised in it. Thus allowing, the niost efficient usc of land space/surface area.

The invention will now be described solely by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 Shows a birds-eye view ol a VVEMVJ IA'!' (with the top pane! removed) utilising basic savonius turbine, in the closed position tbr low wind speeds. (Not to scale) Figure 2 Shows a birds-eye view of a VVEMVIIAT (with the top panel removed) utilising basic savonius turbine, in the open position for high wind speeds. (Not to scale) Figure 3 Shows a side view of 4 VVFMVI-IA'!' modules stacked vertically on a rotating base, and with a vertical (direction controlling) fin on top. (Not to scale) Figure 4 Shows a front view of 4 VVEMVIIAT modules stacked vertica!!y on a rotating base, with a vertica! directional fin on up. !he VEMVIIAT is in the closed position for!ow wind speeds (Not U) scale) Figure 5 Shows a front view of 4 VVEMVHAT modules stacked vertically on a rotating base, with a vertical directional fin on top. l'he VEMVIIAT is in open position for high wind speeds. (Not to sca]c) Figure 6 Shows a birds-eve view of a residential tower h!ock, or sky scraper type VVEMVUA'!' module. (With the top panel removed) It is in the chosed position for low wind speeds. and shows the side walls that apartments arc attached to. (Not to scale) Figure 7 Shows a birds-eye view of a residential tower block, or sky scraper type VVEMVIIAT module. (With the top panel removed) It is in the open position for high wind speeds, and shows the side wal!s tImE apartments are attached to. (Nor to sca!e) Figure 8 Shows a side view of a residential tower block, or sky scraper type VV[MVHAT module.

This view shows the vertical directional fin, rotating base and apartments attached to the sides of the modules. (Not to scale) Figure 9 Shows a 4 bladcd type of turbine that can be used in a VVEMVIIAT housing.

ligure 10 Shows a VVNMYHAT barrage, made up of 9 VVEMV!!AT modules or VVNMVHAT stacks, residential tower blocks or sky scraper types, attached side by side and secured to a circular rotating rai! system. (Not to scale) ligurell Shows a 2 h!aded savonius turbine that can be used in a YVEMYHAT housing. (Not to sea! e) Figure 12 Shows a squirrel cage type turbine that can he used in a VVNMV!!A'!' housing. (Not to scale) Figure 13 Shows a single b!ade savonius turbine that can he used in a VVEMVI-!AT housing.(Not to scale Figure 14 Shows I side of an apartnient securing mechanism, with cross bracing, top and bottont horizontal beams, and an apartment within it. (Not to scale) Figure 15 Shows the front view of an apartment, with securing braces on the left and right of the apartnient.(not to scale) Figure 16 Shows inside the floor panel, with automatic type variable diameter gearing wheels, also drive belt, motor and drive shafts attached to the motor and turbine. (Not to scale) Figure 17 Shows alternative single drive shaft with multiple automatic type variable diameter pulley wheels, each attached to turbine of module. (Not to scale) Figure 18 Shows a birds-eye view of a skeleton VVEMVIIAT. this is as figure 1 only without the roof/ceiling structure, with no tloor/roof structure except connection structures for stacking. and without the variable geometry side flaps. This VVIiMVIIAl' has two savonius turbines fitted. It is shown in the closed position for low wind speeds. (Nor to scale) Figure 19 Shows a birds-eye view of a skeleton VVEMVHAT. this is as figure 1 only without the roof/ceiling structure, with floor/roof struclure except connection structures for stacking, and without the variable geometry side flaps. This VVFMVUAT has two savonius turbines fitted. It is shown in the opcn position for low wind speeds. (Not to scale) Figure 20 Shows, a version of YVEMYHAT which has a curve at the rear, which creates Bernoulli Effect at the rear outlets which have fins on them. This VVEMVHAT is in the closed position for low wind speeds. (Not to scale) Figure 21 Shows a version of VVEMVHAT which has a curve at the rear, which creates Bernoulli Effect at the rear outlets which have fins on them. Ibis VVFMVHAT is in the open position for high wind speeds. (Not to scale) Figure 22 Shows a side view the SKEFF'I'ON VVEMVHA'I, as in figures 18 and 19. Ibis is in the closed position for low wind speeds. (Not to scale) Figure 23 Shows a side view the SKEFF'ION VVEMVHA'I, as in figures 18 and 19. Ibis is in the open posilion for high wind speeds. (Not to scale) Figure 24 Shows a birds-eye view of a VVEMVIIAT with the roof/ceiling structure renioved.

utilising I3ernoulli Effect like versio s 20 and 21, except this version incorporates 4 horizontal axis turbines, each within its Own funnelled tube. This VVNMVHAT is in the closed position for low wind speeds. (Not to scale) Figure 25 Shows a side view of figure 24, with the side wall structure removed. It is shown in closed position for low wind speeds. (Not to scale) Figure 26 Shows a front view of the VVFMVHAT in figures 24 and 25. The horiiontal axis turbines in this example have four blades each. This example is shown in the closed position for low wind speeds. (Not to scale) Figure 27 Shows a side view of a laminar flow mesh/layer. these are for placing on the opening to the VVEMVHAT housing or for directly in front of the turbine blades themselves. (Not to scale) Figure 28 Shows a frontal view of a Laminar flow mesh/layer, this has a square cross sectional geometry. (Not to scale) Figure 29 Shows a frontal view of a laminar flow mesh/layer, this has a hexagonal/honey comb cross sectional geometry. (Not to scale) Figure 30 Shows a frontal view of the VVEMVHA'I' shown in figure 26, this time it is shown in the open position icr high speed winds. (Not to scale) Figure 31 Shows a birds-eve of a VVEMVHAT similar to that shown in figure 24 only this version has 4]iorizonral axis centrifugal turbines, each with their own inlet funneL Figure 32 Shows a side view of the VVEMVHAT in tIgure 31. with the side wall structure removed.

This is shown in the closed position for high wind speeds. (Not to scale) Figure 33 Shows a frontal view of the inlet funnel for the centrifuga[ turbine, as incorporated in figure 32. (Not to scale) Figure 34 Shows a frontal view of the inlet funnel For the horizontal axis turbine, as incorporated in figure 25. (Not to scale) Figure 35 Shows a birds-eye view of the centrifugal turbine inlet funnel in figure 33. (Not to scale) ligure 36 Shows a side view of the horizontal axis turbine inlet funnel in figure 34. (Not to scale) Figure 37 Shows a birds-eye view of a VVEMVFIAT with ceiling/roof structure removed, a different Bernoulli Effect inducing body. with fixed or variable geometry fins from near to the front of VVEMVHAT inlet up to the rear outlet, and variable geometry internal side wall structures for the outlet flow. (Not to scale) Figure 38 Shows a bird-eye view of a single blade savonius turbine, as can been incorporated in a VVEMVHAT housing. This one has a built in brushless motor/generator, as probably all VVEMVHAT housed turbines will have.

Figure 30 Shows a bird-eye view of a VVEMVI-IAT with ceiling/roof structure removed, a different Bernoulli Effect inducing body, with fixed or variable geometry Fins front near to the front of the VVI MVHAT inlet up to the rear outlet. (Not to scale) Figure 40 Shows a side view of the savonius turbine in figure 38. with built in brushless motors/generators. (Not to scale) In Figure 1 The VVEMVHAT module is made up of variable geometry nose cone 1 which opens and closes to shield or expose the turbines 3, and control the amount of energy dissipated against the turbines and hence the revolution speed and electricity generated. The outer fins 7 are controlled in conjunction with the nose cone to achieve the same effect as the nose cone, hut also to allow a bypass channel with a variable cross sectional area. The rear cones 4 also help shield the turbine as well as controlling the airflow and turbulence around the rear of the turbines. If the wind speeds up such that the turbines start to exceed maximum RPM, then the nose and rear cones (1 and 4 respectively) open to cover more of the turbines 3. at the sanie time the outer Fins 7 move out towards the locking mechanism 6, on pivot 8 allowing the air/wind to by-pass the turbines and prevent over spinning. The turbines 3 are attached to the floor and roof structures 5 by pivot 15 with hearings. The whole module can then be attached mechanically to an identical module above, as high as the design of the individual modules will allow. The locking meehanisnts 6 would be made of a very strong corrosion resistant material, and would attach to each outer fin, (in as many places as necessary) giving sufficient support to prevent twisting in the wind or other damage from loads experienced by the outer fins when in locked position. All parts of the VVEMVIIAT outer shell and aerodynamic cones and fins 1, 4 and 7 would be built front strong corrosion resistant materials, such as composite GRP, Kevlar etc. l'hey would also he coated with smooth aerodynamic sound absorbing materials, like polyurethane foams and mylar etc, to i-educe the noise considerahly especially as the turbine blades 3 are largely enclosed.

In Figure 2 the same VVEMVIIAT module is shown in the open position. here the nose and rear cones (1 and 4 respectively) are fully open and, the outer tins 7 are locked into the locking mechanism 6. This is allowing the wind to almost totally by-pass the turbines 3, this would be the configuration during a hurricane force wind, still giving out maximum output. meanwhile almost all if not all other turbine types would be shut down.

In Figure 3 four VVEMVHAT modules have been attached stacked vertically, this would be achieved by very sflong con-osion resistant bolts and overlapping structural beams in the floor and roof structures/panels 5, and down the sides of the building, these would be made of something like anodised or coated high tensile steel or alloys and composites, as would be the floor and roof structures. Ibis configuration has a fin 9. which allows the prevailing wind to turn the entire VVEMVI IAl' residential tower block/sky scraper into the wind, by way of a dampening systeni in the rotating base 12, preventing the building moving too fast or suddenly. Ibis dampening system could consist of resistance/braking/electrical braking (which could generate energy as tower turns) on wheels pivots or tracks in the rotating base of [lie tower. Alternatively wind direction vanes and anemometers, (10 and 11 respectively) can turn the VVEMVHA'I' via computer (or solid state system) and motors in the rotating base. Each module could have its own gearing and generator in the floor.

(panel 5) and cavity at rear of each module in the space between the rear cones 4 as shown in figure 16, Most likely each turbine 3 would have its own built in direct drive brushless generator/motor.

In Figure 4 the \VFMVUAT tower in figure 3 is shown from a frontal view. In this image the VEMVHAT system is shown in the closed position for low wind speeds, so the outer fins 7 are fully closed against the turbine 3, fully focusing all airflow from the opening onto the turbines 3. Also the nose and rear cones, (1 and 4 respectfully) are closed to cxpose as much of the turbines 3 to the airflow as possible, and to minimise any drag effect when exiting the turbines as well.

In Figure 5 the same YVEMYHAT tower is again seen from the front view. This time the VVFMVHAT system is seen in the open position, [or high wind speeds. so the outer fins 7 are locked back against the locking mechanisms 6 in figure 1. The nose and rear cones, (1 and 4 respectively) are fully open! extended so as to cover the turbines 3 almost entirely, therefor diverting most of the airflow away from the turbines 3 and through the by-pass gaps.( opened up by the side fins 7 being closed against the inside wall of the VVEMVHAT housing) This configuration both prevents over spinning of the turbines 3, and still allows maximum energy output. An important point to note is that, each VVEMVI IA'I' module (figures I and 2) can be in any position between closed (figure 1) and open, (figure 2) this allows the turbines 3 in that module to stay at the optimum operating RPM for niaxhnum output at any wind speed. (As the wind speed increases with altitude) Also each of the VVEMVHAT modules can operate individually ftom all of the others, this allows the VFMVHAT tower (figures3.4 and 5) to overcome aerodynamic modulus, (the difference in wind speed due to altitude, generally being faster with increasing altitude) while still producing maximum energy output.

In Figure 6 there is shown a slightly different VVEMVHAT module. This is called the residential tower or sky scraper. VVLMVHAT module. In this module, the rear half of the module that contains the rear cones 4, has sides 14 that continue in a straight line from the front to the rear, parallel to each other. This allows accommodation modules (16 in figure 14) to he secured to the sides of the VVFMVHAT in figure 14. In this birds-eye view, the VVEMVI-IAI' module is in the closed position for low wind speeds. The sides 14 help to further enclose the turbines this in conjunction with the sound absorhing coating materials would serve to further reduce noise.

In Figure 7 the same VVEMVIIAT residential tower module view as seen in figure 6, is shown in the open position.

In figure 2 is a side view' of a residential VVEMVHAT tower. l'his shows the accommodation modules 16 attached to the sides of the VVFMVHAT modules, attached to each other by their floor/roof panels 5. VVEMVHAT modules could be made to any size required. and stacked vertically to any height required, only limited by the physical strength of the architectural design and the loads that it will he subjected to, this would be increased in potential capacity by the use of very strong, lightweight and corrosion resistant building materials, for example aircraft grade aluminium with anti-oxidisation coatings, or composite materials, In Figure 9 is a birds-eye view of an example of one of the types of turbine that can he used in the VVEMVIIAT system. In this case we show a 4 blade type 18, bearing/pivoting point 19, base and top plate 17. (Top plate not shown) The blades 3 would he constructed using very strong, light, corrosion resistant hut reasonably tiexible materials for example aircraft alloys or carhon/Kevlar composites.

The outer shells of the turbine blades 3 would he covered in a very strong, light, corrosion resistant, non-brittle and sniooth aerodynamic finish like earhon/Keviar (JRP composites. These blades 3 would also contain or he coated in sound absorbent smooth aerodynamic materials like polyurethane foam and mylar.

In Figure 10 is a VVEMVIIA'l' barrage, using a multiple circular track system 20 on which the barrage will rotate via motors in the individual VVFN'I VI tAT modules/towers 21. (Comprising any number of modules/towers) Wind enters the openings 23 or the VVEMVHA'I' modules/towers 2] and exits out of the rear 22 of the VVEMVIIAT modules/towers. Barrage track motors are controlled by wind speed and direction sensors and can he applied to multiple or single VVEMVIIA1' modules.

In Figure 11 is another type of turbine seen from, a birds-eye view, that can be used in the VVEMVI-IA'I' system, it is composed of blades 25, hearing/pivot 26. and the base and top plates 25.

(Top plate not shown) Again using the same materials as br those described in the turbine blade in figure 9 In Figure 12 is a squirrel cage type vertical axis wind turbine, these are known to be very efficient turbine types. (As fir as vertical axis rurhines are concerned) As with almost a]] vertical, and horizontal axis turbine types, this too could he used in the VVFMVIIA'f system. It is composed of blades 30, inlet points 29, hearings/pivot 31, and base/top plates 32. (lop plate not shown) These would also use the same construction materials as in the turbine type described in figure 9.

In Figure 13 is a single blade savonius type turbine, these can also he used in the VVLMVHAT system. It comprises savonius blade/rotor 27, bearing/pivot point 28. lliis would also use the same materials as in the turbine Made described in figure 9. (This is the same type of turbine as shown in figures 1-2) In Figure 14 is shown the attachment structure/system for a residence integrated VVEMVI lA'I'.

l'here would be one of these on either side of each accommodation/apartment unit. It comprises residential VVEMVIIAT module/tower side wall 14, lower horizontal beam 34, attachment points 36 which attach apartment module 16, to VVFMVAT residential module/tower structurel4, upper horizontal beam 37. which is attached to VVFMVRAT residential module/tower by attachment points 36. and attached to apartment/accommodation module 16 by attachment points 35. Ihis structure/system would be constructed using materials that are strong, high tensile, corrosion resistant and non-brittle, like for example aircraft alloys with an anti-oxidisation layer. for example galvanised or arc sprayed layers.

in Figure 15 shows a frontal view of an apartmcntlacconimodation VVIiMVIIA'l' module 16 with two attachment structure/systems 38 on either side. Ilie apartment would have its own internal structure to support its own mechanical loads and wind loads etc, this would consist of a strong, lightweight and corrosion resistant material, for example aircraft grade aluminium alloys.

In Figure 16 is seen one possible gearing system for each individual VVEMVHA]' system/module.

l'his shows the inside of a VVEMVI-IA'I' module floor/roof panel 5. This comprises a motor/alternator 39, attached to drive shaft 40, automatic type variable diameter pulley/wheel 44, drive shalt 41, and then to the turbine/rotor blade 42. l'hc cxpanding and shrinking diameter pulleys/wheels would he linked to sensors and computer (or solid state circuit) that control the gear ratio according to the RPM rate, and torque of the turbine 42. Ihe automatic type variable diameter pulleys/wheels are usually made up of two opposing cones that get closer together or further away according to required ratio under hydraulic control In Figure 17 is shown a gearing and drive shaft system that allows all of the individual VVEMVI lA'I' modules to be linked to a single drive shaft 46. via an automatic type variable diameter pulley/wheel system 43 and 44, and high tensile drive/lan belt 45, to drive the turbine shaft 40. Various RPM, torque and wind speed sensors would be linked to a computer that would control the gear ratios, so that the individual modules generating diflerent amounts of torque, at different RPM rates would all be able to be linked to the same drive shaft. (Though in reality generators/motors would most likely be direct (hive and built into each turbine) In Figure ik, is shown a skeleton type VVFMVHAT system. Ihis is like the VVEMVI-IAI systeni in figures i and 2, except it has no side flaps, no side walls, no side fins and no large floor/roof system.

(Though it still has a floor/roof structure sufficient for attaching modules together so as to stack vertically) The frontal and rear (i and 4 respectivcly) cones, still work in the same way as the other VVFMVHAT versions, opening and closing so as to increase or deutase the energy dissipated against the turbine blades. This module is fitted with the same savonius turbines 3 as the versions in figures 1 and 2. Ducted cavity 2 provides both a variable cowl for turbines 3 and space for movement of nose and rear cones. (1 and 4 respectively) All turbines, cones and side fins are able to move in two dimensions, (forward, backwards, left and right) this allows every part to he perfectly tuned to the incoming flow conditions, this is a feature that can be placed on any version of VVEMVI IAl In the closed position as this figure is, the nose and rear cones (1 and 4 respectively) arc closed up together to allow the maximum amount of the winds energy to be dissipated against thc turbine blades as possible, by exposing the maximum area ol the turbine blade to the airflow. this also diverts the air/wind that would have hit the returning rotor, (which is shielded) to instead hit the driving side of the turbine blade, increasing effective area of the exposed blade as well as the velocity of the airflow.

Nose and rear cones (1 and 4 respectively) flex about pivot points 18, turbines rotate about shafts 15, In Figure 19 This is the sante VVEMVIINF as shown in figure 18 hut in the open position. The nose and rear cones (i and 4 respectively) are both fully extended/opened out, this is bypassing most of the airflow around and away from the turbine 3. this is conveying much less energy to the turbine, so the turbine can run in the highest wind speeds and still output maximum energy. l'he rear cones 4 are acting to direct airflow away from the turbine, so as to reduce turbulence both at the rear of the turbines (which could reduce the efficiency of the turbine) and behind the tui-hine. (Which, could reduce the efficiency of other turbines close to the rear of this turbine) T]iis allows for not only better efficiency for the turbine, hut also for other turbines nearby, meaning that any wind farm utilising VVEMVHAT's would be able place them more densely, and therefor generate much more energy/electricity for a much smaller footprint.

In Figure 20 Is shown another variation of the VVNMVIIAI' system shown in birds-eye view, this is similar to Figures 1 and 2 only towards the rear of the module there is a curving structure 48 to help create Bernoulli Effect around the exit, therefor sucking the airflow through the turbine to assist the venture effect created at the front. I'hcre are a couple more of these Bernoulli variations for the VVEMVI lAl' that would probably work better than this version) The airflow exits the rear of the module through a grill with vertical flaps in it 50, (these flaps can he of a fixed predetermined profile/angle, or they can be variable position or angle as required by the wind conditions, controlled by computer or solid state controls dictated by wind speed and speed sensors) these allow the modules exiting airflow to be manipulated so as to mix with the airflow arriving via the curved side of the module 48, so as to minimise turbulence and maximise the Bernoulli Effect at the rear of the module.

The Entire sidewall 48 is able to flex and bulge, so as to allow the profile 48 to he changed so as to maximise the efficiency of the surface to create Bernoulli Effect at the rear of the VVEMVI lAl module. Partly flexible inner walls 49 and 5 I (from front to rear of the module) are able to retract or extend from within the side fin 7, (for internal wall 49) and the rear cone 4 (for inner wall 51) this allows the exit channel s 5 to remain as aerodynamic as possible and reduce any turbulence behind the turbines 3.

In Figure 21 shows a birds-eye view of the VVEMVI-IA'I in figure 20, in the open position for higher wind speeds. [he nose cones I are extended about pivot 18 and moved backwards towards the turbines 3 and there airliow cowling 71. also the side fins 7 have moved outwards to the side walls about pivot 18 and into their locking mechanisms 6. ibis allows for both the required amount of shielding of the turbines 3 and for the required amount of airflow bypass around the turbines 3. The partly flexible inner walls 49 that connect to the side fins 7 are back against the locking mechanisms 6, hence giving a smoother airflow through the inner parts of the VVEMVUA'I' module, the partly flexible inner walls 51 have extended with the forward movement of the rear cones 4, so improving flow around the rear of the turbines 3 and the flow towards the rear vents 50, which are ensuring a smoother airflow behind the VVEMVHAT module.

In Figure 22 is shown a side view of the SKELETON VVEMVITAT featured in figures 18 and 19, in the closed position for low wind speeds. Pivot points 18 for nose cones 1 and rear cones 4. Centre of rotation/pivot points 15, are at centre of turbines 3,(shown side on) partially inside turbine cowling 71.

In Figure 23 is shown a side view of the SKEIFION VVEMVHAI modulc,(also shown in figures 18 and 19) shown in the open position for high wind speeds. Pivot points 18 can be seen to he closer together than in figure 22, as they have moved closer to the centre of tile VVEMVHAT module. (As the nose cones 1 extend outward and rearward to shield the turbines 3 froni excessive wind speed, and the rear cones 4 extent outward and forward to cover the turbines 3) In Figure 24 is shown a birds-eye view of another variation/application of the VVEMVI IAl module, this time using horiLonlal axis turbines 52 inside their own turbine inlet funnels 53.(in this diagram there are four turbines per VVEMVHAT module, though only two can he seen from this view) This view is in the closed position for low wind speeds, the nose cones I and side fins 7 are aligned perfectly with the opening of the turbine inlet funnels 53.(which further increase the Venturi Effect created by nose cones 1 and side fins 7, as the walls of the Funnels create a second point at which the inlets for the airflow gradually narrow, accelerating the airflow) The turbines 52 will have a plurality of blade, anything up to and exceeding the numhet-s in ajet engine turbine. After exiting the turbine 52 the airflow enters the widening turbine exit funnels 69, before leaving the VVFMVIIAT nudule via the vertical finned grills 50, these fins being of either a fixed predetermined size, shape and geometry, or being variable in their pitch angle. length and amount of protrusion or inset, so as to he able to best tune the outlet airflow to match the airflow around the outside of the VEMVIIAI' module.

(Using any Bernoulli I iffeet created by the YVI WWHAT modules outside profile to the greatest effect) When in the open geometry for high wind speeds and the side flaps 7 are partially or fully open and locked against the loeldng mechanism 6, the excess airflow will be diverted past them and the outside of the turbine inlet funnels 53, past die turbine outlet funnels 69. and then exiting the VVEMVIIAT module via the vertical grills 50.

In Figure 25 is a side view, of the VVEMVIIAT module, shown in figure 24. Ihis time in the open position, for high wind speeds The rear of the side flaps 7 can he seen as a dotted line 7. partially covering the opening of the turbine inlet funnels 53. Outlet Funnels 69. floor/rooF structure 5. airflow outlet vertical grill/fins area 50, horizontal axis turbines 52, side fins pivot 18 and nose cone 1.

In Figure 26 is shown a frontal view, of the VVHMVHAT modules in Figure 24 and 25. Ihis diaani shows the VVEIIMVHAT module in the closed position, for low wind seds. Nose cones 1 and side fins 7 are shown closed against the edges of the turbine inlet funnels 53. Funnel entrance 55 and turbine blades 54 are receiving all of the airflow that enters the YVEMYHAT module, giving very high performance and extremely low start up speed in low wind speed conditions In Figure 27 is a side view of a laminar flow mesh/panel 57. These have various cross sectional geometries. Some are made up of lots of tubes packed tightly together, thought for the purposes of the VVEMVHA1 modules it might he better to use honey comb cross sections. The laminar flow mesh/panels can he placed either at the opening to the VVEMVHAI' module and/or at the openings to the turbine funnels, directly in &ont of the turbines, behind the turbine and even at the exit of the VVEMVI-IA'l' module. (So as to reduce turbulence, straighten flow, and increase efficiency of the turbines, and the outlet airtlow mixing with the airflow Front around the sides of the VVEMVI IA'I' module. (These laminar flow panels can also be placed behind the turbine at any position as to benefit airflow behind and exiting the turbine) In Figure 28 is shown a frontal view of a laminar flow mesh/panel 53, this has a square cross sectional geometry.

In Figure 29 is shown a frontal view of a laminar Flow mesh/panel 59, this has a honey comb cross sectional geometry, possibly better for this use.

In Figure 30 is shown a Frontal view of the VVFMVHAT module shown in figure 26. Ihis tinie the VVEMVIIAT module is shown in the open position for high wind speeds. The nose cone 1 can he seen to be open and shielding much entrance 55 to the turbine inlet funnel 53 with their horizontal axis turbine blades 54. The side fins 7 can he seen to he locked against the side wall by the locking mechanisms 6. (Not shown from this view) It's plain to see from this and many of the other diagrams, just how easily the VVEMVIIAT module in any of its slightly different permutations can, quickly adjust between the lowest and very highest wind speeds to maintain a very eFficient conversion of wind energy to mechanical and electrical energy. giving a very high output for its size, in any wind speed, even the lowest. Also that it can remain safe and reliable in even the highest wind speed and being relatively cheap and compact. by comparison to oilier turbines of the same size. My very basic VEMVI lA'I' turbine prototype built at home was able to increase the output of a small Savonius turbine by approximately 200%, and there was a lot missing from my prototype.

In Figure 31 is a birds-eye view of a VEMVHAT module, with four horizontal centrifugal turbines 60,(only two visible in from this view) it's basically the same as in figure 24, except for the turbine types and the airflow outlet positions, turbines 60 outlet through conical outlet tubes 61 and 62 via vertical lins/grilis 50. The bypass channel passes the nose cones 1 and the side fins 7. exiting via the forward vertical fins/grills sO. Ihe side fins 7 can he seen fully open and locked against the side walls by locking mechanism 6. providing a large bypass channel along with retreated and extended nose cones 1, which are covering the majority of the entrance 55 to the turbine inlet funnels 53. Ihe turbines 60 in this diagram have two separate outlets per turbine 60-l'he VEMVHA'I module is in the open position for high wind speeds In Figure 32 is shown a cutaway side view of the VI MVl IAT module in figure 31. this time in the closed position, for low wind speeds. I'he floor/roof structures 5 are shown at top and bottom of drawing, side fins 7 are chequercd with pivot 18 shown as dotted line, Turbine inlet funnels 53 lead to centrifugal turbine inlet tube 63, which in turn leads to the horizontal axis centrifugal turbine 60 only outside turbine outlets 62 are visible.

In Figure 33 is shown a frontal view to the turbine inlet funnel 53 for a horizontal axis centrifugal turbine 60 in other drawings but not visible here. The entrance 55 to the funnel is wider and taller than entrance tube 63 to the turbine. (In other drawings, but not visible here) The turbine inlet funnels give an extra Venturi Effect boost, after the Venturi Effect generated by the nose cones and side cones, (1 and 7 respectively in other drawings but not visible here) by simply narrowing the cross sectional area of the inlet region as the airflow progresses through the VEMVHAT module/housing.

in Figure 34 is shown the frontal view of the turbine inlet funnel for a horizontal axis turbine/multi bladed fan 54. This turbine has four blades. Drive shaft/centre of rotation 56 connects the turbine to a brushless generator/motor.

In Figure 35 is shown a side view of a horizontal axis centrifugal turbine 60, with one of its turbine outlets 62, (the other one being on the opposite side and out of view in this diagram) turbine inlet funnel 53, and entrance to funnel 55. As can he seen in other drawings. these are placed behind the Venturi EFfect inducing nose cones i and side fins 7, giving a secondary Venturi Effect to further increase the airflow velocity, and increase low wind speed performance, as well as allowing multiple motors/generators to be added to each individual turbine, each starting to draw load as the existing one or multiple generators/motors reach maximuni RPM and the wind speed continues to increase, allowing more energy to be extracted from the wind before the nose cones I and side fins 7 have to start moving towards the open position. gradually increasing the bypassing of the airflow, and the shielding of the turbines or inlets to funnels, as the wind speed increases. Ibis allows the wind turbine not only to be able to start up. in a very low wind speed and generate a very large output, hut also being able to continue increasing its output until very high wind speeds, Uen its maximum output being able to he continued right up to and including the highest possible winds speeds, by use of the variable geometry nose cones 1, rear cones 4 and side fins 7.

In Figure 36 is shown a similar structure as in figure 35, only for a horizontal axis turbine/multi bladed fan/prop. The turbine inlet funnel 53. has airflow entering through the inlet 55. then travelling through the lunnel, to the horizontal axis turbine 54, which is housed inside the turbine housing tube 52. (this can he longer than shown) In Figure 37 is shown a slight variation of the VV[MVHAT Module, this one is designed to maximise the Bernoulli Effect, by having a very pronounced widening of the external side walls.

followed by a nanowing with fixed or variable geometry vertical fins/grills 64. (These are to minimise turbulence between the two separate airfiows joining each other, therefor maximising the Bernoulli Effect) Partially tiexible/retreating walls 70 prevents turbulence behind the side fins 7. and partialty flexible/retreating watl 51 reduces turbulence behind the turbines 3, while attaching to the rear cones 4 teaving a hollow space 65. in which electrical and mechanical elements can be stored. At the very rear is the outlet cone 73, to smooth out turhutence in the outlet area.

In Figure 38 is shown a birds-eye view of a Savonious turbine, This Savonious turbine has a direct drive brushless generator/motor 66 and 67. 66 being the stationary coils and 67 being the magnets that rotate with the turbine. There can he multiple generators/coils fitted to each turbine. so that the VVEMVHAT module only draws current through the one turbine at very low speeds in the closed position, and then as the turbine starts to reach its upper RPM rate another engages and so on, until all generator/motors are engaged, and the wind and RPM continue to rise, then further increases in wind/RPM are limited by starting to move towards the open position, any gradual amount of opening of the nose cone 1, rear cone 4 and side flaps 7 can be used until the RPM is stable. In the highest winds the VVEMVHAT module will be nearly fully open position, and the turbine RPM will not be able to increase anymore. as only a very small area of turbine will be exposed. any point beyond this and the nose cones 1 and rear cones 2 would completely he covering the turbines, hut this would onty occur in the rarest off wind conditions. In practicat use there would always he an amount of turbine that coutd he left uncovered so as to allow the VVEMVI-IA't' modules to continue at maximum output.

In Figure 39 is shown a slight variation to the VVEMVHAT module, further pronouncement of the Bernoulli Effect shape around the outer side wall shape. The vertical fins/grills 64 that can be of fixed or variable geometry start from further forward than in figure 37, continuing from the outward bulging side walls 72, then continuing rearward to they meet the verticat fins/grills of the opposite side at the back of the VVEMVI 141' niodule. The cone 51 that extends from the rear of the rear cones 4 would move back and forth with the movement of the rear cones 4. leaving a cavity 65 in which electrical and mechanical parts could fit. Partially flexible extendahie panels 68 would prevent turbulence behind the side fins 7. VVFMVIIAT modules could theoretically he stacked maybe 1000 meters high and 100 meters or so wide, with smooth glass fronted apartments built in to any surface that didn't have to move very suddenly. The electrical output of such a giant VVEMVHAT tower/ sky scraper whether residential or not would be enormous.

In Figure 40 is shown a side view of the Savonious turbine in figure 38. The centre of rotation/drive shaft 15 is shown in the middle. The built in direct drive brushless generator/motor is composed of the stationary coils 66, and the magnets 67 which rotate with the turbine, The generators/motors can be stacked on top of each oilier in each individual turbine, making multiple generator/motor turbines.