GB2494452A - Powered wheel hub having bevel gearing providing a radial output axis - Google Patents

Powered wheel hub having bevel gearing providing a radial output axis Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2494452A
GB2494452A GB1115649.4A GB201115649A GB2494452A GB 2494452 A GB2494452 A GB 2494452A GB 201115649 A GB201115649 A GB 201115649A GB 2494452 A GB2494452 A GB 2494452A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
motor
wheel hub
text
hub
rim
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB1115649.4A
Other versions
GB201115649D0 (en
Inventor
William Tudor Bigge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB1115649.4A priority Critical patent/GB2494452A/en
Publication of GB201115649D0 publication Critical patent/GB201115649D0/en
Publication of GB2494452A publication Critical patent/GB2494452A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/14—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing the motor of fluid or electric gearing being disposed in or adjacent to traction wheel
    • B60K17/145—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing the motor of fluid or electric gearing being disposed in or adjacent to traction wheel the electric gearing being disposed in or adjacent to traction wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0015—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/04—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes
    • F16H1/14—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes comprising conical gears only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H13/00—Gearing for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio by friction between rotary members
    • F16H13/02—Gearing for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio by friction between rotary members without members having orbital motion
    • F16H13/04—Gearing for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio by friction between rotary members without members having orbital motion with balls or with rollers acting in a similar manner
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0053—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving relative to the vehicle body and to the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0069—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being perpendicular to the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/30—Wheel torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/60—Industrial applications, e.g. pipe inspection vehicles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A powered wheel hub formed as a cylinder comprises an outer rim (a) incorporating a bevel gear (e) supported on an inner hub (b) by a bearing (f). A motor (c), e.g. electric, hydraulic, pneumatic etc, is located within the hub (b) and has a radially directed drive output having a bevel gear pinion (d) which engages via teeth with the bevel gear (e). Rotary speed or absolute angle of the rim (a) may be sensed by a sensor and a computer may control the speed or angle. The motor (c) may be pivotable in two directions one direction (fig 4) disengages the bevel gear pinion (d) from the teeth on the bevel gear (e) while in the other direction (fig 5) the motor pivots against compliant elements, e.g. springs (n), so that torque produced may be measured. In another embodiment (fig 3) the gears (e, d) are replaced with rollers which engaged with a raceway mounted on the hub.

Description

Powered Wheel This invention relates to a wheel hub incorporating a drive motor When creating a device such as a robot or low speed utility vehicle or any device requiring a wheel where the wheels are powered by electric or other rotary motors it is convenient to incorporate the motor and gearbox into the wheel hub, However the space and shape constraints imposed by the wheel hub can impose design constraints on the nature of the motor and gearbox used. Conventional approaches to this design problem will either use a direct drive motor where the wheel hub is nothing more than an electric motor where the outer circumference of the motor rotates and the central part remains stationary, or a flat pancake' motor can be used alongside a planetary or other bespoke gearbox. These design restrictions mean that the motor and gearbox arrangement must either be bespoke, or selected from a very limited range of motor and gear types.
To overcome these limitations this invention proposes a wheel hub with rotating outer rim or outer annular member and a motor mounted on the inner part of the hub such that the axis of its rotor is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the outer tim, and dnves the rim via a suitable drive transfer alTangement. The majority of standard small and medium electric motors tend to have a narrower diameter relative to their length. and can often incorporate a standard gear reduction mounted in line with the motor shaft, creating a unit that is long and thin. By mounting the motor perpendicular to the wheel hub axis, a large range of motor types can be incorporated into the wheel hub without compromising the width of the wheel hub. This design allows for more versatility when selecting a motor type and also allows a standard in-line gearbox to be accommodated.
A suitably designed embodiment also allows the motor and gearbox to be easily removed and replaced with a different motor type and gear reduction.
Statement of this invention
A powered wheel hub having a generally cylindrical form with a radially outward relatively rotatable circumferential rim member the axis of rotation of the nm member being substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder and a drive motor located substantially within the hub and has the axis of its drive output directed substantially radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder.
The whed hub typically cylindrical which has a longitudinal dimension smaller than its radial dimension. The hub being made of plastic, metal or any other suitable materiaL The rim can be of any suitable form for example a flanged rim suitable for a ground engaging tyre or ribbed or a toothed sprocket to drive a chain, belt or track. The drive transfer can be a bevelled gear with corresponding teeth within the bevelled annular rim or could be a friction, magnetic or any other suitable drive transfer.
The motor can be any suitable power drive, electric, hydraulic or pneumatic.
For simplicity the invention will be described hereinafter in terms of an electric motor driving the rim member through a simple bevelled gear arrangement.
The inner hub contains the motor and any additional gear reduction, and supports the outer rim via a bearing means. The bearing means is preferably provided by a pair of tapered roller bearings on either side of the hub, although a thin section ball bearing system or plain bearing may be used, or a set of three or more fixed rollers mounted on the inner hub that engage with a circular runner on the inside of the outer annular rim may also be used.
The gear means may be of a standard bevel type or a spiral or herringbone type and may also be of an offset type.
The motor may engage the bevel gear directly with a suitable pinion or via an integrated gearbox attached to the motor.
The mounting of the motor inside the inner hub may be fixed such that the gear pinion is always engaged with the bevel gear in the outer rim, or the motor may be mounted with a means that allows rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation such the motor may be rotated by a manual or electromechanical means so as to disengage the pinion from the outer nm bevd gear, or that the motor may rotate about the same axis as the outer rim and be constrained by a compliant element.
An integrated control mechanism may be included by way of a printed circuit board mounted inside the inner hub. The control mechanism may include a sensor means to measure the angular position or speed of the outer hub. The control mechanism may work by way of a reflective sensor and code disk mounted inside the outer rim or by means of magnetic sensors and a diametrically magnetised ring mounted inside the outer rim.
The invention will now be described soldy by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 shows a wheel hub supported by a beanng means with a bevel gear arrangement.
Figure 2 shows a wheel hub supported by a bearing means with a bevel gear arrangement and a control circuit incorporating a reflective incremental quadrature sensor.
Figure 3 shows a motor with bevel gear and a mounting means where the gear pinion may be disengaged from the outer rim bevel gear.
Figure 4 shows a wheel hub and motor with a mounting means where the motor may rotate about the same axis as the wheel and is constrained by elastic elements.
Figure 5 shows a wheel hub with the inner hub and outer rim supported by a fixed roller means.
Figure 6 shows a wheel hub and motor with a pair of gears and a mounting means and an adjustment means by which alternative gear ratios, or a neutral gear, may be selected.
In figure 1 the outer rim (a) incorporates a bevel gear (e) and is supported on the inner hub (b) by means of a thin section bearing (f). A motor (c) is fitted with a bevel gear pinion (d) and is mounted in the inner hub such that the axis of rotation of the motor shaft is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the outer rim and the gear pinion engages with the bevel gear inside the outer hub. The gear pinion can be attached directly to the motor shaft or alternately the motor may incorporate an in line reduction gear arrangement, with the bevel gear pinion being mounted on the output shaft of the gear assembly.
Figure 2 shows an embodiment that includes a printed circuit board (g) a reflective incremental quadrature sensor (h) and code wheel (i) that enables measurement of the outer rim velocity or relative position by means of an on board micro-controller or external control system. Alternatively a diametrically magnetised ring can be used in place of the code wheel, and a pair of magnetic field sensing elements in place of the optical sensor to enable measurement of the absolute angle of the outer rim.
Figure 3 shows an alternate embodiment where the outer rim (a) is supported on the inner hub (b) by means of a set of fixed rollers (j) attached to the inner hub. These rollers engage with a raceway (k) incorporated in the outer rim.
Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment where the motor (c) is mounted in the inner hub b) by means of a pivot (1) whose axis of rotation is perpendicular to that of the outer rim (a) and enables the motor and the gear pinion (d) to be tilted away from the bevel gear (e) in order to decouple the motor from the outer rim (a) and allow the outer rim unrestricted rotation. A mechanical or electromechanical adjustment means (o) allows the pivot angle to be controlled so as to engage or disengage the gear teeth.
Figure 5 shows an alternative embodiment where the motor (c) is mounted in the inner hub (b) by means of a pivot (rn) whose axis and centre of rotation are aligned with the outer rim (a). A set of springs or compliant elements (n) hold the motor within the inner hub such that a force differential between the outer rim and inner hub will cause the motor to pivot and compress or stretch the compliant elements. A displacement sensing element can also be incorporated to measure the angle of the motor relative to the inner hub and consequently measure the amount of torque being produced.

Claims (1)

  1. <claim-text>Claims: 1. A powered wheel hub having a generally cylindrical form with a radially outward relatively rotatable circumferential rim member the axis of rotation of the rim member being substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder and a drive motor located substantially within the hub and has the axis of its drive output directed substantially radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder.</claim-text> <claim-text>2. A wheel hub according to claim I where the drive transfer is of a bevel gear type with corresponding teeth in the bevelled annular rim.</claim-text> <claim-text>3. A wheel hub according to claim 2 where the drive transfer is of an offset bevelled, helical or herringbone type.</claim-text> <claim-text>4. A wheel hub according to claim 1 where the drive transfer is of a worm type driving a spur gear engaging with an internal spur gear inside the annular rim.</claim-text> <claim-text>5. A wheel hub according to claim I where the drive transfer is of friction or magnetic type.</claim-text> <claim-text>6. A wheel hub according to claim 1 where the mechanical power source is an dectric, hydraulic, pneumatic or other suitable rotary motor.9. A wheel hub according to claim I further comprising a control circuit containing an embedded computer, power amplifier and sensor means by which the rotary speed or absolute angle of the annWar rim can be sensed and controlled.10. A wheel hub with integrated motor and drive transfer according to any of the preceding claims, in which the motor is mounted inside the inner hub by means of a pivot that allows the motor to tilt in a direction perpendicular to the rotation of the outer rim, and an adjustment means to allow the motor to tilt about this pivot so that the gear pinion can be disengaged from the outer bevel.11. A wheel hub with integrated motor and drive transfer according to claim 10 in which the adjustment means is controlled electronically.12. A wheel hub with integrated motor and drive transfer according to claims 9 to 11 where a sensor means is included to measure the annular rim speed, and a sensor means is included to measure the motor speed, and a control system enables the motor speed to match the annular rim speed so as to engage or disengage the gear by way of the adjustment means in a manner that prevents the gear teeth from clashing.13. A wheel hub with integrated motor according to claims I to 10, in which the motor is mounted inside the inner hub by means of a pivot that allows the motor to tilt in a direction aligned to the rotation of the outer rim, and a cushioning means such that motor is supported inside the inner hub, and a torque difference between the inner hub and outer rim will cause the motor to rotate relative to the inner hub to a degree that is proportional to the torque difference.14. A wheel hub with integrated motor according to claim 13 in which a sensor means is included to measure the torque difference and a control system is included to maintain a specified torque difference.</claim-text>
GB1115649.4A 2011-09-12 2011-09-12 Powered wheel hub having bevel gearing providing a radial output axis Withdrawn GB2494452A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1115649.4A GB2494452A (en) 2011-09-12 2011-09-12 Powered wheel hub having bevel gearing providing a radial output axis

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1115649.4A GB2494452A (en) 2011-09-12 2011-09-12 Powered wheel hub having bevel gearing providing a radial output axis

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB201115649D0 GB201115649D0 (en) 2011-10-26
GB2494452A true GB2494452A (en) 2013-03-13

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GB1115649.4A Withdrawn GB2494452A (en) 2011-09-12 2011-09-12 Powered wheel hub having bevel gearing providing a radial output axis

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104354526A (en) * 2014-10-29 2015-02-18 北京可以科技有限公司 Wheel with built-in power device
CN104354526B (en) * 2014-10-29 2017-01-04 北京可以科技有限公司 A kind of wheel of built-in power set

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1566994A (en) * 1977-01-21 1980-05-08 Siemens Ag Drive arrangements for wheeled vehicles
JP2007145071A (en) * 2005-11-24 2007-06-14 Toyota Motor Corp Drive wheel structure for vehicle
JP2008155694A (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-07-10 Honda Motor Co Ltd In-wheel motor
US20110067938A1 (en) * 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Inverted pendulum type vehicle

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1566994A (en) * 1977-01-21 1980-05-08 Siemens Ag Drive arrangements for wheeled vehicles
JP2007145071A (en) * 2005-11-24 2007-06-14 Toyota Motor Corp Drive wheel structure for vehicle
JP2008155694A (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-07-10 Honda Motor Co Ltd In-wheel motor
US20110067938A1 (en) * 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Inverted pendulum type vehicle

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104354526A (en) * 2014-10-29 2015-02-18 北京可以科技有限公司 Wheel with built-in power device
CN104354526B (en) * 2014-10-29 2017-01-04 北京可以科技有限公司 A kind of wheel of built-in power set

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201115649D0 (en) 2011-10-26

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WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)