GB2487212A - Fire safety apparatus comprising a combined detector, alarm, and extractor fan - Google Patents

Fire safety apparatus comprising a combined detector, alarm, and extractor fan Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2487212A
GB2487212A GB1100519.6A GB201100519A GB2487212A GB 2487212 A GB2487212 A GB 2487212A GB 201100519 A GB201100519 A GB 201100519A GB 2487212 A GB2487212 A GB 2487212A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
smoke
alarm
fire safety
fan
safety apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB1100519.6A
Other versions
GB201100519D0 (en
Inventor
Wayne Robertson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB1100519.6A priority Critical patent/GB2487212A/en
Publication of GB201100519D0 publication Critical patent/GB201100519D0/en
Publication of GB2487212A publication Critical patent/GB2487212A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
    • F24F11/34—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke by opening air passages
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/12—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
    • G08B21/14—Toxic gas alarms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/12—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
    • G08B21/16—Combustible gas alarms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
    • F24F2110/65—Concentration of specific substances or contaminants
    • F24F2110/72—Carbon monoxide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)

Abstract

A fire safety apparatus is provided combining a detector, an alarm system, and an extractor / ventilation fan. The detector is arranged to detect a variety of gases including, smoke, hydrogen cyanide, and carbon monoxide. Upon detecting a build up of gas, an alarm may be prompted, and/or the extraction / ventilation fan may be operated to extract the build up. The apparatus may be mains powered, and may include a battery backup. The apparatus may be mounted on an exterior wall or roof such that the fan moves air from an interior space of a building to an exterior space.

Description

FIRE SAFETY APPARATUS
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a fire safety apparatus, more particularly a fire safety apparatus comprising a smoke extractor and alarm for use in buildings.
Background
Smoke inhalation is the primary cause of death in victims of indoor fires. The smoke kills by a combination of thermal damage, poisoning and pulmonary irritation caused by carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide and other combustion products.
It is therefore strongly advised in domestic environments and typically legislated in many countries that buildings have smoke or fire detection provision.
Prior Art
Many domestic and commercial smoke or fire detection systems are simple alarms which provide an auditory and/or visual indication that there is a hazard.
Commercial properties or buildings will typically have these detectors/ alarms in at least one or plural locations, and will have it/them wired into the mains electricity with back-up battery provision to ensure no safety failure due to electrical failure.
In recognition that these types of safety devices are primarily passive and do nothing to mitigate hazard or fire danger other than alerting users to its presence some other devices have been suggested, including the following: United Kingdom patent application GB 2 464 690 (DAVIDSON) discloses a louvered grill of plastic or metal construction with a smoke detection device attached.
United States patent application US 2009 253 364 (HENRY) discloses a battery operated fire containment and smoke extraction system, and method for use in a building having rooms with ceilings, said smoke extraction system comprising: a multi port manifold for smoke flow disposed in the space above the ceiling; and said manifold has a multiplicity of dedicated smoke intake ducts attached; and said intake ducts penetrate said ceiling, forming an intake; and a back draft damper upon ceiling termination of each of said smoke intake ducts; and an electric motor with fan blade, integral to said manifold; and a smoke sensing means; and a fan actuating relay means associated with said smoke sensor; and an enlarged exhaust chimney means upon said manifold; and said exhaust chimney penetrates the building envelope, and a decorative spark arrestor cap upon said exhaust chimney; and said smoke extraction system is battery powered; and said battery is a rechargeable, replaceable battery; and an electrical recharging means is associated with said battery; and said smoke sensing means activates said motor with fan blade when a predetermined amount of smoke is detected by said smoke sensing means.
Granted United Kingdom GB 2 358 268 (LEWIS) discloses a safety apparatus for combating possible exposure to combustion products, said apparatus comprising detection means for detecting at least one combustion product within a predetermined space; extraction means for extracting combustion products from said space; alarm means; and means for initiating said alarm means in response to detection of said combustion products by the detection means which includes timing means for operation of said extraction means for a predetermined period of time; wherein said predetermined period of time can be set in relation to the volume of said predetermined place.
Granted United States patent US 6 776 708 (DAOUTIS et al) discloses an air conditioning system for providing a smoke extraction system, the air conditioning system being connected to a duct system of a building, the duct system having an air supply duct and an air return duct, comprising: a) a smoke detector for detecting the presence of smoke and transmitting a smoke signal; b) a thermostat for receiving said smoke signal from said smoke detector and responsively engaging a venting system of said air conditioning system; c) said venting system including a motorized vent door which is thereby triggered to open upon receiving a signal from said thermostat, said motorized vent door being a louvered door movable in a track between a first position closing off an air supply duct opening to the outside and second position at right angles to the first position unblocking said air supply duct opening to the outside; and, d) said motorized vent door being disposed in an enclosure of an air conditioning unit in said air conditioning system whereby air from the air conditioning system is vented to the outside thereby creating a draft in an air return duct so that smoke is removed from an interior of the building.
In contrast the present invention provides a failsafe means to detect, recognise and deal with fire danger or hazard.
Summary of the Invention
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a fire safety apparatus combining a detector, alarm system and air treatment.
Ideally this is for use in a property, being wired to said property's electrical system.
Ideally the apparatus uses an extraction method to treat the air, such as an extractor fan. Therefore the apparatus is to be mounted on an exterior wall or roof and connected to ducting or other transit means leading to an exterior space. In this way the apparatus is typically fitted in the same way as a traditional extractor fan.
The apparatus is configured to detect rising gas, smoke, fumes or carbon monoxide levels in the same way as a traditional combination detector also detects such a build-up.
The apparatus preferably is enabled to detect levels of a variety of gases, in particular carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, other combustion products and particulates.
Ideally however as the apparatus detects this build-up an alarm may be prompted and/or extraction or ventilation fans are operated to extract the build-up. The configuration of the apparatus may allow for variable levels of fan and alarm functions to operate.
For example a certain level of smoke particles when detected may initialise operation of the extraction fan without operating the alarm system, whereas defined levels of carbon monoxide may be configured to activate the alarm system immediately in concurrence with the fan.
In addition the apparatus may be configured to cease operation of one or more element of the fan or alarm system in the event of detection of a lower level of an appropriate gas or smoke.
Some embodiments may provide different settings and/or mechanisms to deal with different threats. These may be user-defined such as timing intervals or may be mechanical such as opening more or less of the aperture to the ducting or direction for expelling smoke or gas. Furthermore systems may combine multiple apparatuses and have configurations which utilise accordingly.
Preferably a battery is provided to power the apparatus in the event of mains electrical supply failure. This battery may in some embodiments be rechargeable, recharging through the electrical supply.
Further embodiments may include or comprise air treatment means that include filtration, smoke extraction, ventilation and purification. Yet further embodiments may include a centrifugal motor which would utilise a spinning fan to create a vortex, taking smoke away from one area to another.
It is envisaged also that further embodiments may be programmable or configurable in order to communicate with and appropriately react with other devices or similar.
For example, upon detection of a hazard in one location a communicating device may activate extraction or alarm, or fans may be reversed in some apparatuses in order to ventilate areas of a building whereas other areas may be extracting and/or filtering the air of a building.
Suet Descjption of Fjciures Figure 1 shows a front isometric view of an embodiment of the apparatus before use; Figure 2 shows a reverse isometric view of an embodiment of the apparatus before use; Figure 3 shows a front view of an embodiment of the apparatus before use; and Figure 4 shows a side view of an embodiment of the apparatus before use.
Detailed Descflption of Preferred Embodiment of the Invention The apparatus as pictured combines a smoke alarm with an integrated extractor fan wherein said extractor fan is triggered by the discovery of smoke and begins to expel the smoke from the surrounding environment, reducing smoke inhalation and smoke damage to property.
Further embodiments may have different means to comprise the extractor and the detector and the alarm system may comprise in pad or whole remotely provided alarm signals or indications.
The apparatus is fitted into a hole in a wall in the same way as a conventional extractor fan unit. The hole is drilled, the fan attached to the ducting and wired into the mains electricity. The apparatus is located on the wall and screwed in place.
The low profile front plate reduces protrusion into the room.
In a typical situation smoke begins to build up within a room but may for some time not be at a sufficient level as to trigger the apparatus in total or the alarm in particular, such as in a kitchen environment. As the smoke level rises above a safe level, the apparatus is triggered, causing an audio warning whilst simultaneously activating the smoke extraction feature of the product. The apparatus continually extracts the smoke and air from within the room until smoke levels drop to a safe level when it will de-activate.
The apparatus may additionally be provided with a means of contacting third parties such as a hard wired or wireless link to the authorities or another monitoring agency.
In the event that after a certain period of time the apparatus detects that despite the alarm and despite the extraction that levels of detected smoke or gas are still above safe levels the apparatus may contact or notify third parties, remote control centres or remote sensors.
After the detector ceases to detect above a recommended or safe level of smoke or gas the apparatus continues to work for a set period, for instance 60 seconds after deactivation, to ensure all smoke has been extracted.
The pictured apparatus has a test button 1. This apparatus is provided with a wide metal housing plate 2 which affixes to an appropriate wall (not shown) which has had an appropriate sized hole drilled therethrough. This plate 2 is supplied in a rigid metal which is thin and therefore allows a low profile to the apparatus when fitted into a wall. The plate 2 is furthermore provided with simple screw holes 3 which allow standard fixings and wall plugs to be used.
In order to increase the low profile nature of the apparatus the pictured embodiment features a recessed extraction and/or detecting portion fascia (4). It is envisaged that in some embodiments the extraction and detection elements may be separated, such as for example recessing an extraction intake, and even providing remotely located detector(s). In Figure 3 the reverse of the extraction and/or detecting portion is shown as 7.
The extraction fan (not shown) is held within a fan housing (5) which may be formed of metal or plastic. There is removably attached to this housing 5 a ducting connector 6 which is configured or available in relation to ducts that may be available separately, integrally or independently. The ducting (not pictured) therewith fastens securely to the apparatus by creating a tolerance fit.
The ducting connector 6 is ideally formed in plastic and is the same shape as the fan housing 5 but marginally larger, expanding slightly as pushed over a ridge on the housing 5 and supplied with clips. Ideally there is in addition a rubber seal internally on the connector 6 which would sit next to the ridge and make an airtight seal.
Typically the smoke or gas detector is provided centrally behind the test button 1.
This includes a printed circuit board (PCB) and impeller or fan. In addition the back-up or main battery (such as a 9 volt battery) is situate behind the test button (1) such being easily accessible. This battery may be recharged or separate from or exclusive of a mains electrical supply.
Within the detector there may be provided an ionisation chamber containing a small americium-241 radioactive source that emits both gamma radiation and alpha particles.
Alternatively or in the addition filtration means may be included and/or the fan may be reversible, for example in order to ventilate a room in which the apparatus is situated.
Yet further embodiments may combine these features and provide a means of recirculating air into the room after filtration.
The invention has been described by way of examples only and it will be appreciated that variation may be made to the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the scope of invention.
With respect to the above description then, it is to be realised that the optimum dimensional relationships for the parts of the invention, to include variations in size, materials, shape, form, function and manner of operation, assembly and use, are deemed readily apparent and obvious to one skilled in the art, and all equivalent relationships to those illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.
Therefore, the foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

  1. Claims 1. A fire safety apparatus combining a detector, alarm system and air treatment.
  2. 2. A fire safety apparatus according to claim 1 being wired to said property's electrical system.
  3. 3. A fire safety apparatus according to claims I or 2 including a fan.
  4. 4. A fire safety apparatus according to claim 3 where the fan moves air from a first interior space to a second exterior space.
  5. 5. A fire safety apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein the apparatus is provided within one housing.
  6. 6. A fire safety system including apparatuses according to any preceding claim.
GB1100519.6A 2011-01-13 2011-01-13 Fire safety apparatus comprising a combined detector, alarm, and extractor fan Withdrawn GB2487212A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1100519.6A GB2487212A (en) 2011-01-13 2011-01-13 Fire safety apparatus comprising a combined detector, alarm, and extractor fan

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1100519.6A GB2487212A (en) 2011-01-13 2011-01-13 Fire safety apparatus comprising a combined detector, alarm, and extractor fan

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB201100519D0 GB201100519D0 (en) 2011-02-23
GB2487212A true GB2487212A (en) 2012-07-18

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GB1100519.6A Withdrawn GB2487212A (en) 2011-01-13 2011-01-13 Fire safety apparatus comprising a combined detector, alarm, and extractor fan

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2487212A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015187249A1 (en) * 2014-06-03 2015-12-10 Carrier Corporation Ionization air filters for hazardous particle detection

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3706894A1 (en) * 1987-03-04 1988-09-15 Stricker Heinz Compact gas warning safety unit
JPH02203139A (en) * 1989-02-02 1990-08-13 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Ventilation fan
WO1995011412A1 (en) * 1993-10-18 1995-04-27 Manuel Sierra Medina Gas detecting-extracting device
GB2358268A (en) * 1999-10-20 2001-07-18 Gary Lewis Safety apparatus providing protection from combustion products
DE20310635U1 (en) * 2003-07-10 2004-02-12 Schabus, Wolfgang Air extraction safety control for rooms with fires and heaters has carbon monoxide detector with electronic logic to control air flow and provide warnings at set thresholds
GB2394103A (en) * 2002-10-09 2004-04-14 Stephen Andrew Thorne Smoke detector with smoke extraction means
US6776708B1 (en) * 2003-01-27 2004-08-17 Rick Daoutis Smoke extraction system
GB2454950A (en) * 2007-11-26 2009-05-27 Martin Edward Norbury Ventilator unit and alarm activated by hazardous gas levels
US20090253364A1 (en) * 2008-04-07 2009-10-08 Mark Henry Rechargeable fire containment and smoke extraction system
GB2464690A (en) * 2008-10-22 2010-04-28 Steven Davidson Smoke alarm able to open ceiling louvered grill to redirect smoke to loft

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3706894A1 (en) * 1987-03-04 1988-09-15 Stricker Heinz Compact gas warning safety unit
JPH02203139A (en) * 1989-02-02 1990-08-13 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Ventilation fan
WO1995011412A1 (en) * 1993-10-18 1995-04-27 Manuel Sierra Medina Gas detecting-extracting device
GB2358268A (en) * 1999-10-20 2001-07-18 Gary Lewis Safety apparatus providing protection from combustion products
GB2394103A (en) * 2002-10-09 2004-04-14 Stephen Andrew Thorne Smoke detector with smoke extraction means
US6776708B1 (en) * 2003-01-27 2004-08-17 Rick Daoutis Smoke extraction system
DE20310635U1 (en) * 2003-07-10 2004-02-12 Schabus, Wolfgang Air extraction safety control for rooms with fires and heaters has carbon monoxide detector with electronic logic to control air flow and provide warnings at set thresholds
GB2454950A (en) * 2007-11-26 2009-05-27 Martin Edward Norbury Ventilator unit and alarm activated by hazardous gas levels
US20090253364A1 (en) * 2008-04-07 2009-10-08 Mark Henry Rechargeable fire containment and smoke extraction system
GB2464690A (en) * 2008-10-22 2010-04-28 Steven Davidson Smoke alarm able to open ceiling louvered grill to redirect smoke to loft

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015187249A1 (en) * 2014-06-03 2015-12-10 Carrier Corporation Ionization air filters for hazardous particle detection
US20170061757A1 (en) * 2014-06-03 2017-03-02 Carrier Corporation Ionization air filters for hazardous particle detection
US10140831B2 (en) * 2014-06-03 2018-11-27 Carrier Corporation Ionization air filters for hazardous particle detection

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