GB2479584A - Wave surge energy converter using parallel linkage - Google Patents

Wave surge energy converter using parallel linkage Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2479584A
GB2479584A GB1006322A GB201006322A GB2479584A GB 2479584 A GB2479584 A GB 2479584A GB 1006322 A GB1006322 A GB 1006322A GB 201006322 A GB201006322 A GB 201006322A GB 2479584 A GB2479584 A GB 2479584A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
frame
surge
converter
marine energy
frame structure
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GB1006322A
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GB201006322D0 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Reck
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to GB1006322A priority Critical patent/GB2479584A/en
Publication of GB201006322D0 publication Critical patent/GB201006322D0/en
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Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1805—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem
    • F03B13/181—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for limited rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1805—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem
    • F03B13/181—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for limited rotation
    • F03B13/182—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for limited rotation with a to-and-fro movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/97—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a submerged structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/10—Geometry two-dimensional
    • F05B2250/12—Geometry two-dimensional rectangular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/10—Geometry two-dimensional
    • F05B2250/12—Geometry two-dimensional rectangular
    • F05B2250/121—Geometry two-dimensional rectangular square
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/406—Transmission of power through hydraulic systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

A marine energy surge converter converts the horizontal surge forces of waves into electrical power. A wave plate F is driven back and forth by wave action, and is connected to a top frame B. The top frame is attached to a support A by generally parallel pivoted linkages C and D, so that the top frame A is able to move horizontally which the wave plate F remains substantially vertical. Movement of the wave plate F therefore causes the frame and linkages to fold or distort, which drives hydraulic cylinders to deliver fluid to an electrical generating system. The wave plate may have a panel which creates lifting, horizontal and downwards forces at appropriate parts of the cycle.

Description

Marine Energy Surge Converter This invention relates to a marine device referred to as the "Marine Energy Surge Converter" (MESC) which converts the force of the surge from the ocean swells into electric energy.
When the ocean swells reach the shore they generate a strong surge below the surface which moves back and forth. This energy can be converted into electric energy when using the MESC.
To generate electric power from the surge the ocean swells create, a surge converter referred to as the "Marine Energy Surge Converter" may be used which is a Renewable Energy Device which is built in the shape of a square or rectangular "Frame Structure" of which the "Top Frame" moves back and forth with the movement of the incoming and outgoing surge while the "Base Frame" remains stationary.
The "Marine Energy Surge Converter" (MESC) is a "Renewable Energy Device", able to produce electricity by converting the force of the surge, created by the ocean swells, into electric energy. It is an enviromnent friendly device with zero carbon emission.
Since the MESC is mounted onto the ocean bed well below the surface it is out of the way of shipping and creates no visible presents from the shore.
The MESC has been designed according to the same structural design as those of large towers and is therefore extremely strong. This enables a cost effective device to be produced with a ratio of maximum strength to material used. Since surge load forces are not evenly distributed by the incoming swells, it is important that the structural design of the MESC distributes the forces evenly to ensure that loads are evenly distributed across the hinges.
The invention will now be described solely by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 shows the "Frame Structure" and the frames with their built-in panels.
Figure 2 shows the "Main Frame" with its two built-in panels.
Figure 3 shows possible mountings for the hydraulics for the "Frame Structure" and the "Main Frame".
Figure 4 shows a paired horizontal mounting of the "Marine Energy Surge Converter".
To generate electricity, a strong "Frame Structure" as can be seen in Figure 1, comprising of a "Base Frame" A, "Top Frame" B, "Left Frame" C and "Right Frame" D is manufactured in the form of a square or a rectangle which takes the shape of a parallelogram when the "Top Frame" moves while the "Base Frame" remains stationary. To this structure is then added a "Main Frame" F which is fixed to the top of the "Frame Structure" and a "Centre Frame" E which is placed below the "Main Frame" F. The "Main Frame" F as seen in Figure 2, is fitted with two panels which are the main energy providers. The "Centre Frame" E is also fitted with a panel which assists with the operation.
Hydraulic cylinders Ml and M2 as seen in Figure 3, which are fitted to the "Frame Structure" are the main suppliers of hydraulic fluid for the conversion system. The hydraulic cylinders which are attached to the "Frame Structure" deliver pressurised fluid to a motor which drives an electric generator. The method of mounting the hydraulic cylinders within the "Frame Structure" is the same as used in hydraulic lifting equipment.
The "Centre Frame" as seen in Figure 1, of which the top half is fitted with a fixed panel, may also be modified to take an independent panel which adjusts itself to remain in a more vertical position than the "Centre Frame" thereby increasing efficiency. When fitted as a fixed panel, the panel varies its angle along with the "Centre Frame" throughout the surge cycle so as to generate a lifting force at the start of the cycle, a horizontal force in the vertical position and a downward force towards the end of the cycle.
Above the "Centre Frame" is the "Main Frame" as seen in Figure 1, which is the main generator of pressurised fluid produced and is always in a vertical position to face the in-and-outgoing surge. The "Main Frame" as seen in Figure 2, has two "Panels", K and L built into it which are fitted with hydraulic cylinders M5 and M6 as can be seen in Figure 3. These serve as pressure release during abnormal strong surge conditions and are also able to generate power during a pressure release situation. These hydraulic cylinders are also able to produce additional power when the "Main Frame" has reached the end of the range, when there is still sufficient surge to activate the "Panels".
The MESC is a neutral buoyant structure with a preloaded pressure system which returns it to a position towards the incoming surge which enables it to operate over a large range. Even when set at a high pressure delivery, the MESC can efficiently operate over a large range during strong surge conditions due to the efficiency of the vertical "Main Frame" panels and the downward force of the "Centre Frame" panel. When the "Centre Frame" moves downward, its panel cuts into the faster moving surge below it, increasing the downward force. The panel also feeds the "Main Frame" panels with additional surge, thereby generating additional power.
Hydraulic cylinders M3 and M4 as can be seen in Figure 3 are pressurised cylinders which position the "Frame Structure" where they fmd equilibrium at the pre-set position towards the incoming surge. They are at the same time also energy accumulators and release their energy when returning to their pre-set positions thereby returning the energy they have absorbed.
The neutral buoyancy of the MESC enables it to be set at any given position thereby extending the range it can cover compared to a device which is buoyant and therefore remains in a vertical position.
The MESC regulates its pressure settings for hydraulic cylinders Ml and M2 as can be seen in Figure 3 according to the intensity of the surge thereby maximising efficiency. Strong and longer surge conditions would result in higher pressure settings to gain maximum efficiency.
Weak surge conditions would result in lower hydraulic cylinder pressure settings so as to harness the lower energy levels and prevent low energy surges from milling around the MESC.
Hydraulic cylinders M5 and M6 as can be seen in Figure 3 which are part of the "Main Frame" only operate during extreme surge conditions and when the "Main Frame" has reached the end of the range for which it is preset.
The height of the "Marine Energy Surge Converter" (MESC) plays an important part of the design since it is in effect a "lever system". The larger the distance between the "Base Frame" A and the "Main Frame" F is, the more the leverage will be and the more power can be generated. The larger the surface area is of the "Main Frame" panels, the more pressure can be exerted. A combination of the lever effect and the surface area force can amount to a formidable force which can be converted into electrical power. To enable to withstand these enormous forces a very strong design is needed which is found in the structural design of the triangular framework design which is used when designing large towers. This principle has been adopted when the "Frame Structure" for the MESC was designed.
The "Frame Structure" is designed to fit onto a base which is attached to the seabed. This makes it possible to install and remove the structure with little effort if it needs to be relocated. Base structures are simple permanent structures fixed to the sea bottom. if depth is a factor, then the "Marine Energy Surge Converter" (MESC) as seen in Figure 4 may be turned onto its side. This also has the advantage that two units can be mounted onto one base.
Due to the neutral buoyancy, gravity has no negative effect regarding the weight of the structure on the hinges. Due to the preset pressures of the hydraulics the MESC will place itself towards the incoming surge which would not be possible with buoyant devices.
In addition to the advantages of the neutral buoyancy already mentioned, the neutral buoyancy design also contributes to the reduction of wear on the "Frame Structure" hinges as can be seen in Figure 3, due to eliminating gravity. These hinges only handle the loads with regard to holding the structure together. The power generating hydraulic cylinders Ml and M2 are attached to the "Frame Structure" by means of their own mountings and hinges which is designed in such a way that they are independent of the "Frame Structure" hinges.
Any maintenance that needs to be done on the hinges can be done on site. All that needs to be done is to "Pin" the "Frame Structure". To "Pin" the "Frame Structure", is a procedure where the "Frame Structure" is locked into a vertical position using large pins which are inserted into holes which are part of the "Frame Structure" design. The holes are aligned by using the systems hydraulics to move the "Frame Structure" into position and then the pins are inserted. One's the "Frame Structure" is locked into the vertical position, a neutral buoyant hydraulic cylinder tool is used to extract the sleeves from the hinges. New sleeves are then inserted.
Maintenance on the hydraulic system is also a simple routine, since the system is designed as a "sectioned system", which consists of components which are separated by connections in the hydraulic lines to enable components to be removed individually. A portable "Drybox" can be used to disconnect these connections for the purpose of replacing components. The components are also mounted using pins and are therefore easily removed. This system enables the components to be taken from the site and serviced in a workshop. All the components used are available from the industry which simplifies maintenance.

Claims (9)

  1. Claims I. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" (MESC) which is a Renewable Energy device which generates electricity and consists of a square or rectangular "Frame Structure" which is hinged so as to enable it to take the shape of a parallelogram when it folds onto itself and thereby enabling the "Top Frame" to move back and forth with the incoming and outgoing surge, while the "Base Frame" is stationary.
  2. 2. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 1, of which the "Frame Structure" is made up of a "Base Frame", a "Top Frame", a "Left Frame", a "Right Frame" and a "Centre Frame", which are hinged to one another creating a strong structure which is able to move back and forth with the incoming and outgoing surge and in doing so operates powerful hydraulic cylinders which in turn supply fluid to the electric generating system.
  3. 3. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 1, which consists of a hinged "Frame Structure", which is fitted with built-in panels which enables the "Frame Structure" to convert the force of the incoming and outgoing surge, created by the ocean swells, into electric power by moving back and forth with the incoming and outgoing surge, thereby operating hydraulic cylinders which in turn supply pressurised fluid to the electrical generating system.
  4. 4. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 1, with a permanent vertical frame referred to as the "Main Frame", which is fitted on top of the "Frame Structure", which is fitted with two Panels, which are the main power generators which move the "Frame Structure" back and forth with the incoming and outgoing surge.
  5. 5. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 3, of which the "Main Frame" is fitted with two Panels which are able to generate additional power during abnormal surge conditions when they act as overload protection, and which are also able to continue generating power after the "Main Frame" has reached the end of its range when there is still sufficient surge to activate the "Panels".
  6. 6. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 1, with a frame which is situated below the "Main Frame" which is referred to as the "Centre Frame", of which about half of the top of it consists of a panel, which changes its angle along with the "Frame Structure" according to the back and forth movement of the surge and in doing so generates an upward pushing force at the start of the surge cycle, a horizontal pushing force in the vertical position and a downward pulling force towards the end of the surge cycle.
  7. 7. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 1, of which the "Fixed Panel" of "Frame E" may be modified to enable it to automatically adjust itself to a more vertical angle than "Frame E" as the "Frame Structure" changes shape from a square or a rectangular shape into that of a parallelogram.
  8. 8. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 1, which due to its "neutral buoyancy", its "preset pressure settings" and the aid of the outgoing surge, returns to its position towards the incoming surge and is therefore able to operate through a range of 1 4�0*
  9. 9. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 7, which due to its neutral buoyancy is able to function on its side and can be paired up and mounted on the same base to double the output power.AMENDMENTS TO THE CLAIMS HAVE BEEN FILED AS FOLLOWSClaims 1. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" (MESC) which is a Renewable Energy device which generates electricity when propelled by panels which automatically adjust themselves to a more vertical angle than the pivoting "Frame Structure" which is hinged so as to enable it to take the shape of a parallelogram when it folds onto itself, thereby enabling the "Top Frame" to move back and forth with the incoming and outgoing surge while the "Base Frame" is stationary.2. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 1, which harnesses the force of the surge by means of adjustable angle Panels which power hydraulic cylinders which deliver fluid to an electric generating system which in turn produce electricity, and where the hydraulic cylinders of the "Converter" are mounted into the "Frame Structure" which is made up of a "Base Frame", a "Top Frame", a "Left Frame", a "Right Frame" and a "Centre Frame", which are hinged to one another creating a strong structure which is able to move back and forth with the incoming and outgoing surge.3. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 1, which is fitted with a pennanent vertical frame referred to as the "Main Frame", which is positioned on top of the "Frame Structure" and is fitted with adjustable angle Panels which follow a more vertical path than the pivoting "Frame Structure", which moves back and forth with the incoming and outgoing surge.4. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 3, of which the "Main Frame" is fitted with adjustable angle Panels which are able to generate additional power during abnormal surge conditions when they act as overload protection, and which are also able to continue generating power after the "Main Frame" has reached the end of its range when there is still sufficient surge to activate the "Panels".5. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 1, which has a frame situated below the "Main Frame", referred to as the "Centre Frame", of which part of it consists of a panel which adjusts its angle along with the "Frame Structure" according to the back * and forth movement of the surge and in doing so generates an upward pushing force at *....: the start of the surge cycle, a horizontal pushing force in the vertical position and a * downward pushing force towards the end of the surge cycle. *...: 6. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 5, of which about half of the top *: * of the "Centre Frame" ("Frame E) consists of a panel, refered to as the "Centre Panel", * which is able to automatically adjust itself to a more vertical angle than the pivoting "Centre Frame" which changes its angle along with the pivoting "Frame Structure" * : which in turn changes its shape from a rectangular shape into that of a parallelogram. * **.7. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 1, of which the adjustable angle Panels mounted into the "Marine Energy Surge Converter" are able to function when the device is mounted on its side and paired up on the same base to double the output power for the use in shallow water where the maximum lever effect can also be utilised since there is no limitation regarding depth and the danger of destructive wave action damage.8. A "Marine Energy Surge Converter" according to claim 1, which is able to increase its efficiency of the "Frame Structure" with its adjustable angle panels and "neutral buoyancy" due to its "preset pressure settings" which enables it to return to its position at an angle towards the incoming surge and is therefore able to operate through a range of 1 4O. * . S.... * . S.... a * S S. IS S..S * SIL*ISS
GB1006322A 2010-04-15 2010-04-15 Wave surge energy converter using parallel linkage Withdrawn GB2479584A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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GB2479584A true GB2479584A (en) 2011-10-19

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5912174A (en) * 1982-07-12 1984-01-21 Hitachi Zosen Corp Wave energy absorbing device
US20040007881A1 (en) * 2002-07-11 2004-01-15 Alvin Kobashikawa Wave energy conversion device for desalination, ETC
WO2007125156A1 (en) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-08 Aw-Energy Oy Apparatus for recovering wave energy
US20080191485A1 (en) * 2005-03-23 2008-08-14 Trevor John Whittaker Wave Power Energy Generation Apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5912174A (en) * 1982-07-12 1984-01-21 Hitachi Zosen Corp Wave energy absorbing device
US20040007881A1 (en) * 2002-07-11 2004-01-15 Alvin Kobashikawa Wave energy conversion device for desalination, ETC
US20080191485A1 (en) * 2005-03-23 2008-08-14 Trevor John Whittaker Wave Power Energy Generation Apparatus
WO2007125156A1 (en) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-08 Aw-Energy Oy Apparatus for recovering wave energy

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