GB2472648A - Pyrotechnic composition and device - Google Patents
Pyrotechnic composition and device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2472648A GB2472648A GB0914262A GB0914262A GB2472648A GB 2472648 A GB2472648 A GB 2472648A GB 0914262 A GB0914262 A GB 0914262A GB 0914262 A GB0914262 A GB 0914262A GB 2472648 A GB2472648 A GB 2472648A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- pyrotechnic device
- tablet
- base surface
- composition according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000005956 Metaldehyde Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- GKKDCARASOJPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N metaldehyde Chemical compound CC1OC(C)OC(C)OC(C)O1 GKKDCARASOJPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 chlorinated rubber Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001959 inorganic nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001484 inorganic perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidine;nitric acid Chemical compound NC(N)=N.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005752 Copper oxychloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001051 Magnalium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Mg] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Mg] GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HKMOPYJWSFRURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro hypochlorite;copper Chemical compound [Cu].ClOCl HKMOPYJWSFRURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- KQAGKTURZUKUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium oxalate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O KQAGKTURZUKUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYWYYJYRVSBHJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 VYWYYJYRVSBHJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001553 barium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004532 chromating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QYCVHILLJSYYBD-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;oxalate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O QYCVHILLJSYYBD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- ZJYYHGLJYGJLLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidinium thiocyanate Chemical compound SC#N.NC(N)=N ZJYYHGLJYGJLLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZSJFLDUTBDIFLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zirconium Chemical compound [Ni].[Zr] ZSJFLDUTBDIFLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FXWRHZACHXRMCI-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;diformate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O FXWRHZACHXRMCI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QSGNKXDSTRDWKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium dihydride Chemical compound [ZrH2] QSGNKXDSTRDWKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000568 zirconium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WEAMLHXSIBDPGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) thiocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC(SC#N)=CC=C1O WEAMLHXSIBDPGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003438 strontium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021355 zirconium silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 22
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- JGUQDUKBUKFFRO-CIIODKQPSA-N dimethylglyoxime Chemical compound O/N=C(/C)\C(\C)=N\O JGUQDUKBUKFFRO-CIIODKQPSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C=O DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010010144 Completed suicide Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001536352 Fraxinus americana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 244000171022 Peltophorum pterocarpum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001092500 Photinia x fraseri Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000098700 Sarcocheilichthys parvus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000695776 Thorichthys aureus Species 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012505 colouration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C15/00—Pyrophoric compositions; Flints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B43/00—Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups C06B25/00 - C06B41/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B4/00—Fireworks, i.e. pyrotechnic devices for amusement, display, illumination or signal purposes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
A composition comprises metaldehyde and/or hexamethylenetetramine and/or an oxime, and a material which produces sparks upon combustion. The spark producing material may be one of a number of finely powdered metals or metal compounds, such as magnesium, titanium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum etc. The composition may also comprise a colour producing material, colour enhancing material and adhesive. Preferably, the colour producing material is a compound of barium, boron, copper, lithium, sodium or strontium. The colour enhancing material may comprise chlorine, such as chlorinated rubber, whilst the adhesive can be one or more of dextrin, shellac, gum arabic, accaroid resin and nitrocellulose. An inorganic perchlorate and/or an inorganic nitrate can also be included in the composition. In another aspect, a pyrotechnic device comprises the aforementioned composition. Preferably, the pyrotechnic device is an indoor firework. The composition may be rolled to form a pill or tablet. The use of the composition to make a pyrotechnic device is also claimed.
Description
COMPOSITION AND PYROTECHNIC DEVICE
This invention relates to new compositions of matter comprising metaldehyde and/or hexamethylenetetramine and/or an oxime such as dimethylglyoxime. It relates also to pyrotechnic devices comprising such compositions of matter which are useful, primarily, but not exclusively, for application indoors in a domestic environment.
The use of metaldehyde in pyrotechnic items and fireworks for indoor application (known in the art as "indoor fireworks") has been known for many decades. Up to now, the devices have been fairly limited. One such device simply produces metaldehyde snow by the process of sublimation. Other devices produce steady flames, which may be coloured by 1 0 the addition of compounds of, for example, barium, lithium, sodium, or strontium, or produce flames, which may be natural or coloured due to the addition of, for example, the aforementioned compounds, but which have superimposed upon them a flashing or animating effect brought about by including a small quantity of a suitable inorganic chlorate and organic fuel into the composition.
The devices mentioned in the preceding paragraph are well known and produce their intended effects very satisfactorily. However, the development of such devices has stagnated, and as mentioned they have been available for many decades. Thus, consumers tend to view such devices with a degree of antipathy and their use in domestic entertainment has diminished as a result. There is therefore a need to expand the range of effects that can be produced by indoor fireworks so that the entertainment value that can be achieved is enhanced.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, there is provided a composition comprising metaldehyde and/or hexamethylenetetramine and/or an oxime, and a material which produces sparks during combustion.
It has been found, rather surprisingly, that this type of composition does actually produce copious quantities of sparks when burning. It had not been realised that this would be the case because metaldehyde, hexamethylenetetramine and oximes burn very gently (hence making them suitable for use as the base material in indoor fireworks), producing virtually no pressure in the burning surface of the composition. As a result, significant ejection of particles from the burning surface, which lead to the production of sparks, would not be expected. Instead, it was expected that the spark producing material would either be consumed during combustion or remain as a residue. By mixing metaldehyde and/or hexamethylenetetramine and/or an oxime with materials which generate sparks when heated in the flame produced when the metaldehyde and/or hexamethylenetetramine and! or oxime burns in air, the range of effects is enhanced and satisfies the need mentioned above.
In a typical embodiment, the metaldehyde and/or hexamethylenetetramine and/or oxime will be present as the majority component by weight.
1 0 Where an oxime is used, the oxime is typically dimethyiglyoxime.
Experimentation associated with this invention has shown that the metaldehyde, hexamethylenetetramine or oxime may be used in the absence of the other two.
Alternatively, any two or all three of the compounds may be used in any proportions together.
Typically, the spark producing material comprises one or more of: iron, steel, chromium, aluminium, magnesium, cobalt, titanium, hafnium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, a zirconium-nickel alloy, zirconium hydride, titanium hydride, a magnesium-aluminium alloy, carbon, titanium carbonitride, titanium boride, zirconium boride, zirconium silicide and silicon carbide. The spark producing material will typically be employed in powdered form.
The reference to carbon in the above list of spark producing materials includes pure carbon and also other forms of carbon, such as wood charcoal, sugar charcoal, animal charcoal, graphite or anthracite.
In some of the preferred embodiments, the spark producing material comprises one or more of: magnesium grade 3 cut or atomised, magnesium grade 6 cut or atomised, titanium 250 mesh or finer, hafnium 40 microns or less, niobium 5 microns or less, tantalum 5 microns or less, iron 10 microns or less, magnesium-aluminium alloy (magnalium) 100 mesh or finer, titanium carbonitride 2 microns or less and aluminium 200 mesh or finer.
The spark producing material may be coated with a corrosion inhibitor, for example by chromating, molybdating, or by applying a coating of a salt of 3, 5-dinitrobenzoic acid or accaroid resin.
Other suitable ingredients to add colour to the spark producing flame may be included in the mixtures as desired. Thus, the composition may further comprise a material which produces a coloured flame during combustion. Such material typically comprises one or more of the following materials: a barium compound, a boron compound, a copper compound, a lithium compound, a sodium compound, and a strontium compound.
In preferred embodiments, the colour producing material comprises one or more of: copper 1 0 oxalate, copper phthalocyanine, copper oxychloride, strontium carbonate, strontium formate, strontium oxalate, lithium carbonate and boron trioxide.
The composition may further comprise a colour enhancing material to assist colour production in the flame.
Typically, the colour enhancing material comprises chlorine. Preferably, the colour enhancing material is an organic material comprising chlorine, such as chlorinated rubber.
Other ingredients, for example an oxidant or a material which will decompose to yield a gas, may be added to the mixture to affect its character by way of flashing or animating effects or other modification to the spark effects.
For example, the composition may further comprise one or more of: an inorganic perchlorate, such as potassium perchlorate, an inorganic nitrate, such as potassium nitrate, or an organic compound, such as guanidine nitrate, guanidine thiocyanate or di cyand i am ide.
In some embodiments, the composition further comprises an adhesive which may also serve as fuel for the inorganic nitrate or perchlorate. This is sometimes necessary to bind the ingredients together in the form of a pill or it may be required for purposes of granulation. In other embodiments the ingredients may be bound by compression, for
example.
Particularly suitable adhesives have been found to be dextrin, shellac, gum Arabic, accaroid resin and nitrocellulose. However, sometimes only a very weak adhesive is required, for example in granulating some compositions. In this event it may be possible to employ one of the ingredients present for a non-adhesive purpose as the adhesive. An instance of this is where guanidine nitrate or thiocyanate, present to modify the character of the flame, is dissolved by adding water and the water is subsequently evaporated after granulating the wet mixture. If the guanidine nitrate or thiocyanate is present in sufficient quantity it maintains the integrity of the granules sufficiently to enable further processing
into tablet form.
1 0 In accordance with a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a pyrotechnic device comprising the composition of the first aspect.
Typically, the pyrotechnic device is an indoor firework.
The pyrotechnic device may comprise mixtures of the composition produced as described above with reference to the first aspect as loose powder or confined in a container, for example made from a metal or plastic foil. In order to use the compositions in loose form the mixtures may be heaped up or spread out on a fireproof or fire-resistant surface and ignited.
Preferably, however, the composition will be consolidated in some way. Thus, in some cases, the composition is wetted with a suitable solvent for the adhesive employed and roIled to form a pill. In other cases, the composition is compressed dry to form a tablet.
When in the form of pills or tablets, one or more adhesives or pelleting agents may be included in the composition as a processing aid, as described above.
The pyrotechnic device may further comprise a spindle or hook embedded in the composition. The spindle or hook, which serves the purpose of suspending the composition, may be loosely embedded in the composition (for example, in a hole through a tablet or pill), or it may be fixed in place by adhesive or by friction (for example, by consolidating the composition around the spindle or hook).
If the composition is contained or formed into a pill or tablet the device may be ignited on a fireproof or fire-resistant base surface.
Thus, when in the form of a tablet or pill, the tablet or pill may be mounted on a base surface. When in the form of a tablet, the tablet may be mounted on the base surface in a flat configuration. Alternatively, the tablet may be mounted on the base surface on edge.
The tablet may be mounted on the base surface by simply putting it in place prior to ignition on the base surface which may be a flat surface, or the base surface may contain a groove or indentation, or a pattern of raised regions or a spigot or spigots to receive and retain the tablet. Alternatively, it may be affixed by a suitable adhesive, preferably an 1 0 adhesive which is non-combustible and which is infusible. A suitable adhesive may comprise a resorcinol formaldehyde condensation product cured with paraformaldehyde, hexamethylenetetramine or an epoxy resin.
In another embodiment, the device comprises a support for suspending the composition above a base surface, the composition being mounted on the support. The support is typically mounted on the base surface or may instead be hand-held. In the case of a hand-held support, the support typically comprises a rod or wire having first and second portions, the composition being affixed to the first portion and the second portion providing a handle by which the rod or wire may be held, in use.
The composition is typically in the form of a pill or tablet which may be provided with one or more perforations to act as a point or as points of suspension. The inner portion or surface of the, or of each, perforation may be lined with a non-combustible infusible substance such as a ring or lining of metal, or non-combustible infusible polymer, or some substance based on plaster of Paris or similar material to provide for continuing support as the composition burns away.
If the composition is confined in a container, the device may comprise a support for suspending the container above a base surface, the container being mounted on the support. In this case, the support may comprise a rod or wire having first and second portions, the container being affixed to the first portion and the second portion providing a handle by which the rod or wire may be held, in use.
In this case, when the composition or container is fitted to a suitable support and the composition is ignited and burnt suspended in the air, the pyrotechnic device may produce a significantly different and sometimes more spectacular effect than when burnt on a surface.
Typically when the composition is burnt suspended in the air the display of sparks in the upwards direction exhibits considerable enhancement in the number of sparks and the height to which they ascend. Furthermore, a sideways motion of sparks emanating directly from the burning composition appears. These sparks are typically brighter and larger than the ascending sparks and may burn out by splitting into smaller sparks. Depending upon 1 0 the manner of supporting the composition in the air, falling sparks may also appear. The quantity and quality of the display of sparks, particularly of the falling sparks, is typically less if the tablet is supported in the air on, for example, a spiral of wire than if the lower part of the tablet is completely free.
In a third aspect of the invention, the composition of the first aspect is used to make a pyrotechnic device.
In order to produce the compositions according to this invention, any suitable means of mixing may be employed, such as tumbling the weighed ingredients together or passing them several times through a suitably fine mesh sieve.
If the composition is to be used in a container it is usually poured in and simply tamped down or may be compressed to an appropriate extent dependent on the application. To form the compositions into pills a composition containing an adhesive is dampened with a suitable solvent such as water or alcohol and the damp composition is rolled in known manner into suitably sized pills. Alternatively, the composition can be formed into pills by means of a machine that produces spherical pellets. If tablets are required, the composition is either compressed in a mould or granulated and passed through a tabletting machine. The shape of the tablets can be chosen to suit any aesthetic or practical requirement. If the final pyrotechnic device is to be burnt suspended in the air then tablets, rather than pellets or contained powders, are usually the preferred form. The tablets can be burnt horizontally by for instance laying them on a wire spiral before ignition.
Alternatively, the tablets can be suitably affixed to a non-combustible rod which in use can be held in or positioned on a suitable support, or they can be dropped into a slot cut in a non-combustible plate, either device being suspended in a suitable orientation in the air.
Yet again perforated tablets can be suspended in the air from a spigot or hook or be fitted with a spindle or hook by which the tablet may be suspended, in use.
This invention is described further by the following examples which are given solely to provide more detail and not for any purpose of restriction.
Example 1
A mixture was made by passing the following quantities of ingredients three times through a 60 mesh BS sieve.
Metaldehyde 89g Copper phthalocyanine 2g Magnesium grade 3 cut 9g The mixture was formed into tablets approximately 3mm thick by consolidation in a 12mm 1 5 diameter mould. The tablets were cut diametrically in half, affixed along their straight sides to metal rods and burnt suspended in the air. They produced a flame with a hint of green and many white sparks.
Example 2
The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated with the magnesium replaced by the same quantity of 300 mesh titanium. The burning tablets produced longer lasting sparks than the tablets from Example 1. Many sparks fell in excess of 150mm.
Example 3
A mixture of the following quantities of ingredients was produced in the same manner as described in Example 1.
Metaldehyde 76g Copper oxalate 9g Magnesium grade 3 cut 15g The mixture was formed into tablets as described in Example 1. When undivided tablets were burnt flat on a non-inflammable surface they produced a flame with a green tip. Bright flashes occurred from time to time with white ash floating in the air. When divided tablets were attached to metal rods and burnt suspended in the air a spectacular white sparking effect was produced with a yellow flame.
Example 4
A mixture according to the following prescription was prepared in the way described in
Example 1.
Metaldehyde 87.Og Guanidine nitrate 11.2g Copper oxychloride 1.Og Titanium 300 mesh O.8g The mixture was granulated through a sieve of 2.0mm mesh opening having first dampened it with water. The wet granules were dried and formed into tablets of diameter 12mm and thickness approximately 2mm by passing them through a commercial tabletting machine. The tablets were mounted on edge on a non-combustible infusible board. When burnt they produced a green-blue animated flame and white sparks.
Example 5
The following quantities of ingredients were processed as described in Example 4.
Metaldehyde 88.Og Guanidine nitrate 11.Og Hafnium <40 microns 1.Og The tablets were burnt on edge on a non-combustible infusible board and produced a rather transparent animated flame surrounded by silver sparks.
Example 6
The following quantities of ingredients were processed as described in Example 4.
Metaldehyde 77.5g Guanidine nitrate 19.Og Strontium carbonate 2.Og Titanium 300 mesh 1.5g When burnt flat on a non-combustible infusible board the tablets produced an orange animated flame with a red tip and silver sparks.
Example 7
Example 6 was repeated except that lithium carbonate replaced strontium carbonate.
When burnt on edge on a non-combustible infusible board the tablets produced a red animated flame and silver sparks.
Example 8
The following quantities of ingredients were processed in the manner of Example 1.
Metaldehyde 88g Guanidine nitrate hg Niobium <5 microns 1 g The divided tablets, affixed by their straight edges to metal rods, were burnt suspended in the air by holding the free end of each rod in the hand. They produced a bushy flame full of golden sparks with bright sparks falling down.
Example 9
Example 8 was repeated replacing niobium by tantalum of similar particle size. The result was the same.
Example 10
The following quantities of ingredients were processed in the manner of Example 1 except that the tablets were not divided or affixed to rods.
Metaldehyde 92g Iron < 10 micron 8g When burnt flat on a non-combustible infusible board the tablets produced a conical shaped flame with many golden sparks. Some sparks coruscated in the characteristic way of burning iron. When burnt on edge on the board the size of the flame and quantity of 1 5 sparks was much increased.
Some tablets were perforated axially by drilling with a 2.0mm diameter drill. Spigots 20mm long and 1.5mm diameter were fixed symmetrically into the tablets with resorcinol-formaldehyde adhesive. The tablets were suspended freely in the air by placing each end of the spigots into wire loops held 150mm above a flat surface. When burnt the tablets developed a flame with a spectacular display of sparks moving mainly upwards and downwards but to some extent sideways as well.
Example 11
The following quantities of ingredients were processed as described in Example 4.
Metaldehyde 52.Og Copper oxychloride 1O.Og Strontium formate 4.Og Potassium perchlorate 22.Og Chlorinated rubber 4.Og Aluminium 200 mesh to dust 8.Og Dextrin 4.Og The tablets were burnt flat on a non-combustible infusible board and produced a green-blue flame, blue flashes, and silver sparks.
Example 12
The following quantities of ingredients were processed as described in Example 4.
Metaldehyde 65.Og Potassium perchlorate 22.Og Strontium oxalate 2.Og Chlorinated rubber 2.Og Titanium 300 mesh 4.5g Dextrin 4.5g When burnt flat on a non-combustible infusible board the tablets produced red flashes and branching silver sparks.
Example 13
The following quantities of ingredients were processed in the manner of Example 1 except that the tablets were used undivided and were not affixed to rods.
Metaldehyde 95g Titanium carbonitride < 2 microns 5g When burnt on edge on a non-combustible infusible board the tablets produced a natural coloured flame and bright golden sparks.
Example 14
The following quantities of ingredients were mixed as described in Example 1.
Metaldehyde 95g Titanium <250 mesh 5g The mixture was formed into ring shaped tablets by compression in a mould such that their outside diameter was 15mm, their inside diameter was 5mm and their thickness was 3mm.
3mm long ferrules of outside diameter 4.5mm diameter and with a hole diameter of 1 mm were fixed into the ring shaped tablets with resorcinol-formaldehyde resin. Two types of ferrule were used, one made from phenolic resin and the other made from casting powder based on anhydrous calcium sulphate. The tablets were suspended freely in the air at a height of 200mm by means of a metal rod pushed through the ferrules.
When burnt a spectacular display of sparks was produced in which golden sparks rose and silver sparks fell. There was a less pronounced sideways movement of silver sparks.
Example 15
The following quantities of ingredients were mixed as described in Example 1.
Metaldehyde 94g Magnesium grade 6 atomised 6g The mixture was formed into tablets approximately 3mm thick by consolidation in a 12mm diameter mould. Half of the tablets were divided and burnt in the manner described in Example 1. The remainder were left undivided and not affixed to rods.
The undivided tablets were burnt on edge on a non-combustible infusible board. They produced faint sparks shooting rapidly in straight lines to distances often in excess of 100mm. The combustion ended in a burst of fire and a shower of low density ash rising in the air. When the divided tablets were burnt faint sparks shot out to a distance often in excess of 100mm and bright flashes of light about 3-4mm across appeared around the
tablets.
Example 16
The following quantities of ingredients were processed and burnt in the manner described
in Example 15.
Metaldehyde 95g Magnesium aluminium alloy 5g (magnalium) < 15 microns The undivided tablets produced faint sparks which shot out to at least 20mm from the tablets. The divided tablets produced faint sparks which shot out to at least 20mm from the 1 0 tablets. Bright silver flashes surrounded the tablets.
Example 17
The following quantities of ingredients were processed and burnt in the manner described
in Example 15.
Dimethylglyoxime 95g Magnesium grade6atomised 5g When the undivided tablets were burnt they produced faint sparks shooting out to about 25mm from the tablets. The combustion ended in a burst of flame and some low density ash which rose in the air. The divided tablets shot faint sparks out to a distance of about 140mm and bright flashes appeared around the tablets.
Example 18
Example 16 was repeated except that the metaldehyde was replaced by dimethylglyoxime.
The results were similar although the flame size was somewhat larger than with metaldehyde as the fuel.
Example 19
The following quantities of ingredients were processed as described in Example 4.
Metaldehyde 64g Potassium nitrate 25g Lithium carbonate 3g Titanium 250 mesh 4g Dextrin 4g When burnt the tablets produced silver sparks with the background of a reddish coloured flame which was slightly animated.
Example 20
The following quantities of ingredients were processed as described in Example 1.
Hexamethylenetetramine 95g Titanium 250 mesh 5g When the divided tablets were burnt suspended in the air by holding the free end of each rod in the hand, they produced a display of silver sparks.
Example 21
The following quantities of ingredients were processed as described in Example 1 except that the tablets were not divided nor affixed to rods.
Metaldehyde 95g Magnesium aluminium alloy 5g (magnalium) < 100 mesh When burnt on edge silver sparks were produced which often split into several sparks.
Example 22
Example 17 was repeated with the 95g of dimethylglyoxime being replaced by 85g of metaldehyde and lOg of dimethylglyoxime.
When burnt, the undivided tablets produced faint sparks shooting out to distances often in excess of 80mm. The divided tablets produced faint sparks shooting out to distances sometimes in excess of 90mm and bright flashes of light appeared around the tablets.
Example 23
Example 20 was repeated with the 95g of hexamethylenetetramine being replaced by 85g of metaldehyde and lOg of hexamethylenetetramine.
When the divided tablets were burnt suspended in the air by holding the free end of each rod in the hand they produced a display of silver sparks.
Example 24
Example 17 was repeated with the 95g of dimethylglyoxime being replaced by 90g of dimethylglyoxime and 5g of hexamethylenetetramine.
The undivided and divided tablets produced the same effect as described in Example 17 when burnt.
Example 25
The 89g of metaldehyde in Example 2 was replaced by a mixture of 5g of hexamethylenetetramine, 8g of dimethylglyoxime and 76g of metaldehyde.
The burning tablets produced sparks with similar characteristics to those of example 2, but all trace of colouration to the flame due to the copper phthalocyanine was absent.
In the above examples, in the event that the spark producing materials are subject to corrosion, as the case may be with, for example iron and magnesium, the materials can be coated either chemically or physically, to inhibit any deleterious effect. Examples of chemical coating are the known processes of chromating or molybdating. Examples of physical coating are the known processes of applying coatings of salts of 3, 5-din itrobenzoic acid and accaroid resin.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the spark producing materials used in the preceding examples may be replaced with any of steel, chromium, cobalt, zirconium, a zirconium-nickel alloy, zirconium hydride, titanium hydride, carbon, titanium boride, zirconium boride, zirconium suicide and silicon carbide.
Similarly, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the colour producing materials used in the preceding examples may be replaced with any of a barium compound, a boron compound, a sodium compound, boron trioxide, copper oxalate and strontium oxalate.
In terms of adhesives, those skilled in the art will appreciate that in place of dextrin, any of shellac, gum Arabic, accaroid resin and nitrocellulose may be used.
1 0 Where guanidine nitrate has been used, this may be replaced with guanidine thiocyanate or dicyandiamide.
Claims (35)
- CLAIMS1. A composition comprising metaldehyde and/or hexamethylenetetramine and/or an oxime, and a material which produces sparks during combustion.
- 2. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the spark producing material comprises one or more of: iron, steel, chromium, aluminium, magnesium, cobalt, titanium, hafnium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, a zirconium-nickel alloy, zirconium hydride, titanium hydride, a magnesium-aluminium alloy, carbon, titanium carbonitride, titanium boride, zirconium boride, zirconium silicide and silicon carbide.
- 3. A composition according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the spark producing material comprises one or more of: magnesium grade 3 cut or atomised, magnesium grade 6 cut or atomised, titanium 250 mesh or finer, hafnium 40 microns or less, niobium 5 microns or less, tantalum 5 microns or less, iron 10 microns or less, magnesium-aluminium alloy (magnalium) 100 mesh or finer, titanium carbonitride 2 microns or less and aluminium 200 mesh or finer.
- 4. A composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the spark producing material is coated with a corrosion inhibitor, for example by chromating, molybdating, or by applying a coating of a salt of 3, 5-dinitrobenzoic acid or accaroid resin.
- 5. A composition according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a material which produces a coloured flame during combustion.
- 6. A composition according to claim 5, wherein the colour producing material comprises one or more of the following materials: a barium compound, a boron compound, a copper compound, a lithium compound, a sodium compound, and a strontium compound,.
- 7. A composition according to claim 5 or claim 6, wherein the colour producing material comprises one or more of: boron trioxide, copper oxalate, copper oxychloride, copper phthalocyanine, lithium carbonate, strontium carbonate, strontium formate, and strontium oxalate.
- 8. A composition according to any of claims 5 to 7, further comprising a colour enhancing material.
- 9. A composition according to claim 8, wherein the colour enhancing material comprises chlorine.
- 10. A composition according to claim 9, wherein the colour enhancing material is an organic material comprising chlorine, such as chlorinated rubber.
- 11. A composition according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising one or more of: an inorganic perchlorate, such as potassium perchlorate, an inorganic nitrate, such as potassium nitrate, or an organic compound, such as guanidine nitrate, guanidine thiocyanate or dicyandiamide.
- 12. A composition according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising an adhesive.
- 13. A composition according to claim 12, wherein the adhesive comprises one or more of: dextrin, shellac, gum Arabic, accaroid resin, and nitrocellulose.
- 14. A pyrotechnic device comprising the composition of any of claims 1 to 13.
- 15. A pyrotechnic device according to claim 14, wherein the pyrotechnic device is an indoor fi rework.
- 16. A pyrotechnic device according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the composition is rolled to form a pill.
- 17. A pyrotechnic device according to claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the composition is consolidated to form a tablet.
- 18. A pyrotechnic device according to claim 16 or claim 17, wherein the pill or tablet comprises at least one perforation for suspending the tablet above a base surface.
- 19. A pyrotechnic device according to claim 18, wherein the inner surface of the, or of each, perforation is lined with a non-combustible, infusible substance.
- 20. A pyrotechnic device according to any of claims 14 to 17, further comprising a spindle or hook embedded in the composition.
- 21. A pyrotechnic device according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the tablet or pill is mounted on a base surface.
- 22. A pyrotechnic device according to claim 21 when dependent on claim 17, wherein the tablet is mounted on the base surface in a flat configuration.
- 23. A pyrotechnic device according to claim 21 when dependent on claim 17, wherein the tablet is mounted on the base surface on edge.
- 24. A pyrotechnic device according to any of claims 21 to 23, wherein the base surface is a flat surface.
- 25. A pyrotechnic device according to any of claims 21 to 23, wherein the base surface contains a groove or indentation, or a pattern of raised regions or one or more spigots to receive and retain the tablet.
- 26. A pyrotechnic device according to any of claims 21 to 25, wherein the tablet is affixed to the base surface by an adhesive.
- 27. A pyrotechnic device according to any of claims 14 to 20, wherein the device comprises a support for suspending the composition above a base surface, the composition being mounted on the support.
- 28. A pyrotechnic device according to claim 27, wherein the support comprises a rod or wire having first and second portions, the composition being affixed to the first portion and the second portion providing a handle by which the rod or wire may be held, in use.
- 29. A pyrotechnic device according to claim 27, wherein the support is mounted on the base surface.
- 30. A pyrotechnic device according to claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the composition is confined in a container.
- 31. A pyrotechnic device according to claim 30, wherein the device comprises a support for suspending the container above a base surface, the container being mounted on the support.
- 32. A pyrotechnic device according to claim 31, wherein the support comprises a rod or wire having first and second portions, the container being affixed to the first portion and the second portion providing a handle by which the rod or wire may be held, in use.
- 33. Use of the composition of any of claims 1 to 13 to make a pyrotechnic device.
- 34. A composition substantially as hereinbefore described.
- 35. A pyrotechnic device substantially as hereinbefore described.
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GB0914262.1A GB2472648B (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2009-08-14 | Composition and pyrotechnic device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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GB0914262.1A GB2472648B (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2009-08-14 | Composition and pyrotechnic device |
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GB2472648A true GB2472648A (en) | 2011-02-16 |
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CN102641567A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-08-22 | 成都威思霍克科技发展有限公司 | Intelligent control system and intelligent control method for fire engine |
CN103373885A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-30 | 王开业 | Firework set off at day time, and manufacturing method of firework |
WO2018224435A1 (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2018-12-13 | MTFX Limited | Visual effect device |
CN110950726A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-03 | 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 | Smokeless and sulfur-free firework bomb lift-off agent and preparation method thereof |
CN110981673A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-10 | 北京理工大学 | Smokeless sulfur-free firing cable and preparation method thereof |
CN111004074A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-14 | 北京理工大学 | Smokeless and sulfur-free firecracker nitrate medicament and preparation method thereof |
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CN103373885A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-30 | 王开业 | Firework set off at day time, and manufacturing method of firework |
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CN102641567B (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2015-06-17 | 成都威思霍克科技发展有限公司 | Intelligent control system and intelligent control method for fire engine |
WO2018224435A1 (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2018-12-13 | MTFX Limited | Visual effect device |
GB2577460A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2020-03-25 | Mtfx Ltd | Visual effect device |
CN110981673A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-10 | 北京理工大学 | Smokeless sulfur-free firing cable and preparation method thereof |
CN111004074A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-14 | 北京理工大学 | Smokeless and sulfur-free firecracker nitrate medicament and preparation method thereof |
CN110950726A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-03 | 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 | Smokeless and sulfur-free firework bomb lift-off agent and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
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GB201312568D0 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
GB2472648B (en) | 2014-02-12 |
GB0914262D0 (en) | 2009-09-30 |
GB2502460A (en) | 2013-11-27 |
GB2502460B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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