GB2450359A - Multi-Core Structural Insulated Panels - Google Patents

Multi-Core Structural Insulated Panels Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2450359A
GB2450359A GB0711954A GB0711954A GB2450359A GB 2450359 A GB2450359 A GB 2450359A GB 0711954 A GB0711954 A GB 0711954A GB 0711954 A GB0711954 A GB 0711954A GB 2450359 A GB2450359 A GB 2450359A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
structural
foam
core
structural member
board
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB0711954A
Other versions
GB0711954D0 (en
Inventor
Ian De Haan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB0711954A priority Critical patent/GB2450359A/en
Publication of GB0711954D0 publication Critical patent/GB0711954D0/en
Priority to PCT/GB2008/002123 priority patent/WO2008155559A1/en
Publication of GB2450359A publication Critical patent/GB2450359A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

A multi-core structural insulated panel <B>10, 310</B> comprises at least two structural board layers <B>15a, 15b, 15c, 315a, 315b.</B> In one aspect the panel comprises at least three structural board layers <B>15a, 15b, 15c</B> spaced from each other by an insulating layers <B>20a, 20b</B>. In this aspect at least one of the insulating layers comprises a pressure injected foam which bonds the neighbouring structural board layers together. In another aspect the panel has a plurality of structural webs <B>317</B>. The structural board layers <B>315a, 315b</B> and webs define a plurality of insulation compartments <B>320</B> which are arranged to receive at least one insulating rod. A kit of parts for a multi-core structural insulated panel is also disclosed.

Description

Multi-Core Structural Insulated Panels The present invention relates to
structural insulated panels for use in construction.
Structural insulated panels (SIPs) having two facing layers of orientated strand board (OSB) which are adhered together by an insulating core of pressure injected polyurethane foam are well known in the construction industry. These panels have a number of benefits including relatively low production costs and good strength and insulation properties. However, these advantages can be diminished when openings for doors and windows are included as any such openings must be reinforced by a timber frame and/or lintel in order to maintain the overall strength and integrity of the panel. This can add considerably to build times or, if the openings are pre-cut into the panels during manufacture, to the cost of the panels.
Structural panels having multiple layers of OSE separated by layers of rigid foam insulation are also known. Such panels are constructed by gluing the various layers together in a sandwich-like configuration. However, these panels are susceptible to de-larnination under load and therefore have limited application.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-core structural member comprising at least three structural board layers, each structural board layer being spaced from at least one other structural board layer by an insulating layer, wherein at least one of the insulating layers comprises a pressure injected foam which bonds the neighbouring structural board layers together.
The multi-core construction of the present invention is advantageous as it enables openings for doors and windows to be cut into the structural members without the need for additional reinforcing timber frames or lintels.
Furthermore, the pressure injected foam layer ensures the structural integrity of the member even if openings for doors and windows are made.
In a preferred example, at least one of the insulating layers comprises a sound absorbent foam to provide sound insulation. Alternatively or additionally, at least one of the insulating layers comprises a fire resistant foam such as a polyisocyanurate foam.
In another preferred example, at least one of the insulating layers comprises an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic insulation materials such as wood fibre or any other natural insulation product such as hemp.
In an alternative example, each insulating layer comprises a pressure injected foam which bonds the neighbouring structural board layers together. This arrangement provides a robust structural member which is resistant to de-lamination. Preferably the pressure injected foam is a polyurethane foam or a polyisocyanurate foam.
The structural board layers preferably comprise orientated strand board. A coating such as marine epoxy may be applied to the orientated strand board in order to make it more weather resistant. Alternatively or additionally, at least one of the structural board layers comprises cement particle board.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a multi-core structural member comprising: at least two structural board layers, and a plurality of structural webs which define together with the structural board layers a plurality of insulation compartments, wherein each insulation compartment is arranged to receive at least one insulating rod.
The structural webs provide inherent structural integrity to the structural member and therefore also enable openings for doors and windows to be cut into the structural member without the need for reinforcing timber frames or lintels.
Furthermore, because of the inherent structural integrity of the member, issues of de-lamination do not arise.
Preferably at least one of the insulating rods comprises a sound absorbent foam, a fire resistant foam, which may be a polyisocyanurate foam, wood fibre or any other natural insulation product such as hemp. Alternatively, or additionally, at least one insulating rod comprises a pressure injected foam which bonds the neighbouring structural board layers and structural webs together.
In an alternative example, each insulating rod comprises a pressure injected foam which bonds the neighbouring structural board layers and structural webs together.
Preferably the pressure injected foam is a polyurethane foam or a polyisocyanurate foam.
The structural board layers preferably comprise orientated strand board. A coating such as marine epoxy may be applied to the orientated strand board in order to make it more weather resistant. Alternatively or additionally, at least one of the structural board layers may comprise cement particle board.
In a third aspect the present invention provides a kit for a multi-core structural member comprising: a hollow box structure comprising at least two structural board members and a plurality of structural web members which define together with the structural board layers a plurality of insulation compartments, and a plurality of insulating rods which are arranged to be received in the insulation compartments.
Examples of the present invention will now be described with reference to the following drawings in which: Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view through a portion of a two-core structural panel; Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view through one edge of the panel of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view through an alternative edge arrangement to that shown in Figure 2; Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view through a portion of a three-core structural panel; Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view through a portion of an alternative two-core structural panel; Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view through a portion of an alternative multi-core structural panel arrangement; Figure 7 is an exploded schematic isometric view of a first joint arrangement; and Figure 8 is an exploded schematic isometric view of a staggered castellated joint arrangement.
Figure 1 shows a portion of a two-core structural panel 10 comprising three structural board layers lSa,b,c of orientated strand board (OSB) and two insulating layers 20a,b of CFC free/ODP zero polyurethane foam. The structural board layers 15a,b,c comprise OSB having a thickness of 15mm and the insulating layers 20a,b have a depth of 40mm. The three structural board layers 15a,b,c are bonded together by the polyurethane foam which is pressure injected between the structural board layers during fabrication as described below.
Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view through an example edge arrangement for the panel 10. In this example the panel 10 comprises edge spines 25a,b of engineered wood positioned between the structural board layers 15a,b,c. The edge spines 25a,b are adhered to the adjacent structural board layers 15a,b,c by an adhesive.
Figure 3 shows an alternative edge arrangement to that shown in Figure 2. In this example the panel 10 comprises an edge spine core separator 27 formed from a 40mm deep section of laminated veneer lumber such as VERSALAN (RTM). As in the example of Figure 2, the edge spine core separator 27 is attached to the structural board layers 15a,b,c by an adhesive. This second edge arrangement is the preferred arrangement as the edge spine core separator 27 serves as a spreading platform which provides equal support along the length of the panel 10.
The edge spines 25a,b and/or edge spine core separator 27 may be held in place by mechanical fixings such as screws or nails in addition to, or as an alternative to, adhesive.
The edge spines 25a,b and edge spine core separator 27 may be made of any suitable material including, but not limited to, engineered wood, laminated veneer lumber or OSB.
During fabrication of the panel 10, the structural board layers 15a,b,c are held at a fixed distance apart in a press by rigid supports. These supports may comprise the edge spines 25a,b and/or edge spine core separators 27 described above. Alternatively, the supports may be temporary such that they are removed from the panel once it is complete.
The polyurethane foam is pressure injected between the structural board layers l5a,b,c whilst they are supported in the press. The panel 10 is then held in the press until the polyurethane foam has cured and adhered the structural board layers 15a,b,c together. Other types of foam may also be used in this manufacturing process, for example polyisocyanurate (PIR) foam.
Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view through a portion of a three-core structural panel 110. The panel 110 comprises four structural board layers 115a,b,c,d and three insulating layers 120a,b,c. In this example the outermost structural board layer 115a comprises 15mm thick cement particle board and each other structural board layer 115b,c,d comprises 10mm thick OSB.
The outermost insulating layer 120a has a depth of 40mm and comprises pressure injected CFC free/ODP zero polyurethane foam which bonds the adjacent structural board layers 115a, 115b together. The centremost insulating layer 120b has a depth of 30mm and comprises rigid sound insulating foam which is adhered to the adjacent structural board layers 115b, 115c by an adhesive. Finally, the innermost insulating layer l2Oc has a thickness of 20mm and comprises rigid fire resistant PIR foam which is also attached to the adjacent structural board layers 115c, 115d by an adhesive.
Figure 5 shows a second example of a two-core structural panel 210 comprising three structural board layers 215a,b,c, two insulating layers 220a,b and a plurality of structural webs 217. The structural webs 217 are joined to the structural board layers 215a,b,c to form a hollow box structure 230. In this example grooves in the structural board layers 215a,b,c receive the edges of the structural webs 217 to form simple mortise and tenon joints. The structural webs 217 are held in place by an adhesive.
Alternatively or additionally, the structural webs 217 may be held in place by mechanical fixings such as screws or nails.
The structural webs 217 define a plurality of insulation compartments 235 in the hollow box structure 230. Rods 236 of insulating wood fibre, such as wood wool, are located in the insulation compartments 235 to form the insulating layers 220a,b. In this example the rods 236 are held in place by the structure of the hollow box 230. However, in an alternative example, the rods 236 may be held in place by an adhesive or may consist of a pressure injected foam which bonds the adjacent structural board layers and structural webs together.
The panel 210 may be supplied to an end user with the insulating rods 236 already installed. Alternatively, the panel 210 may be supplied as a kit comprising a hollow box structure 230 and rods 236.
Figure 6 shows schematic cross-sectional view through an alternative example of a multi-core structural panel 310 comprising a two structural board layers 315a,b, a plurality of structural webs 317 and a plurality of insulating rods 320. In this example, the insulating rods 320 comprise pressure injected polyurethane foam which bonds the structural board layers 315a,b and structural webs 317 together.
The multi-core structural panels 210, 310 shown in Figures 5 and 6 respectively are suitable for use as floor panels due to the additional rigidity provided by the structural webs 217, 317. In addition, because of the multi core construction which employs multiple structural members, all of the multi-core structural panels described above may be repaired if one or more of the layers is damaged.
Figure 7 shows an example of a joint arrangement 400 between a multi-core structural panel 410 and a second structural member 411 (which may itself be a multi-core structural panel).
The multi-core structural panel 410 comprises three structural board layers 415a,b,c and two insulating layers 420a,b. A receiving hole 430 has been cut through the first structural board layer 415a and the first insulating layer 420a in order to expose the second structural board layer 4l5b. The receiving hole 430 has a shape which conforms to that of the second structural member 411 to be joined.
The exposed portion of the second structural board layer 4l5b provides an abutment surface for the second structural member 411. This arrangement therefore provides a joint of great strength.
The joint arrangement 400 shown in Figure 7 is only one example of the many joint arrangements possible. In particular, for a multi-core panel having more than two cores, the receiving hole 430 my extend through more than one structural board layer and more than one insulating layer.
Figure 8 shows an example staggered castellated joint arrangement 500 between a multi-core structural panel 510 and a second structural member 610 (which may itself be a multi-core structural panel as shown) The first panel 510 comprises three structural board layers 515a,b,c and two insulating layers 520a,b through which two -10 - receiving holes 530, 535 have been cut. The first receiving hole 530 is shaped so that it is deepest on the edge of the panel and the second receiving hoe 535 is shaped so that it is shallowest on the edge of the panel.
The deep sections of the receiving holes extend through the first and second structural board layers 151a, 515b and both insulating layers 520a, 520b to expose a portion of the third structural board layer 515c. Conversely, the shallow sections of the receiving holes only extend through the first structural board layer 515a and first insulating layer 520a to expose a portion of the second structural board layer 5l5b.
The second structural member 610 comprises tongues 630, 635 which are shaped so to fit within the receiving holes 530, 535.
The joint arrangement 500 shown in Figure 8 is illustrative of one type of staggered castellated joint that can be formed between a multi-core panel and another structural member. It will be understood that it is not necessary for the joint to be located at the edge of both panels and that the receiving holes 530, 535 could be located within the borders of the panel. It will also be understood that the shape/depth of the receiving holes/tongues can be varied according to the particular configuration of structural members being joined together.
Each of the structural panels described above are examples only of the plurality of multi-core structural panel arrangements possible. In particular it will be understood -11 -that the materials of the structural board layers, structural webs and insulating layers/rods are not limited to the materials described, and that the dimensions of these components may be varied as desired. Furthermore, other types of structural members, such as beams, may be realised in a multi-core configuration.
Each of the panels described above may comprise edge members such as edge spines 25a,b and/or edge spine core separators 27. These may be located along every edge of the panel or, alternatively, the panels may be without edge members on one or more of their edges.

Claims (22)

  1. -12 -Claims: 1. A multi-core structural member comprising at least
    three structural board layers, each structural board layer being spaced from at least one other structural board layer by an insulating layer, wherein at least one of the insulating layers comprises a pressure injected foam which bonds the neighbouring structural board layers together.
  2. 2. A multi-core structural member as claimed in claim 1 wherein at least one of the insulating layers comprises a sound absorbent foam.
  3. 3. A multi-core structural member as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein at least one of the insulating layers comprises a fire resistant foam.
  4. 4. A multi-core structural member as claimed in claim 3 wherein the fire resistant foam is a polyisocyanurate foam.
  5. 5. A multi-core structural member as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein at least one of the insulating layers comprises wood fibre.
  6. 6. A multi-core structural member as claimed in claim 1 wherein each insulating layer comprises a pressure injected foam which bonds the neighbouring structural board layers together.
  7. 7. A multi-core structural member as claimed in claim 6 wherein the pressure injected foam is a polyurethane foam.
    -13 -
  8. 8. A multi-core structural member as claimed in claim 6 wherein the pressure injected foam is a polyisocyanurate foam.
  9. 9. A multi-core structural member as claimed in any preceding claim wherein at least one of the structural board layers comprises orientated strand board.
  10. 10. A multi-core structural member as claimed in any preceding claim wherein at least one of the structural board layers comprises cement particle board.
  11. 11. A multi-core structural member comprising: at least two structural board layers, and a plurality of structural webs which define together with the structural board layers a plurality of insulation compartments, wherein each insulation compartment is arranged to receive at least one insulating rod.
  12. 12. A multi-core structural member as claimed in claim 11 wherein at least one of the insulating rods comprises a sound absorbent foam.
  13. 13. A multi-core structural member as claimed in claim 11 or 12 wherein at least one of the insulating rods comprises a fire resistant foam.
  14. 14. A multi-core structural member as claimed in claim 13 wherein the fire resistant foam is a polyisocyanurate foam.
    -14 -
  15. 15. A multi-core structural member as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 14 wherein at least one of the insulating rods comprises wood fibre.
  16. 16. A multi-core structural member as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 15 wherein at least one of the insulating rods comprises a pressure injected foam which bonds the neighbouring structural board layers and structural webs together.
  17. 17. A multi-core structural member as claimed in claim 11 wherein each insulating rod comprises a pressure injected foam which bonds the neighbouring structural board layers and structural webs together.
  18. 18. A multi-core structural member as claimed in claim 16 or 17 wherein the pressure injected foam is a polyurethane foam.
  19. 19. A multi-core structural member as claimed in claim 16 or 17 wherein the pressure injected foam is a polyisocyanurate foam.
  20. 20. A multi-core structural member as claimed in any one of claims 1]. to 19 wherein at least one of the structural board layers comprises orientated strand board.
  21. 21. A multi-core structural member as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 20 wherein at least one of the structural board layers comprises cement particle board.
  22. 22. A kit for a multi-core structural member comprising: -15 -a hollow box structure comprising at least two structural board members and a plurality of structural web members which define together with the structural board layers a plurality of insulation compartments, and a plurality of insulating rods which are arranged to be received in the insulation compartments.
GB0711954A 2007-06-20 2007-06-20 Multi-Core Structural Insulated Panels Withdrawn GB2450359A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0711954A GB2450359A (en) 2007-06-20 2007-06-20 Multi-Core Structural Insulated Panels
PCT/GB2008/002123 WO2008155559A1 (en) 2007-06-20 2008-06-20 Multi-core structural insulated panels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0711954A GB2450359A (en) 2007-06-20 2007-06-20 Multi-Core Structural Insulated Panels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0711954D0 GB0711954D0 (en) 2007-08-01
GB2450359A true GB2450359A (en) 2008-12-24

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Family Applications (1)

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GB0711954A Withdrawn GB2450359A (en) 2007-06-20 2007-06-20 Multi-Core Structural Insulated Panels

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GB (1) GB2450359A (en)
WO (1) WO2008155559A1 (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2360327A2 (en) 2010-02-11 2011-08-24 Michael Palfi Construction element for wall and ceiling systems
EP2733276A2 (en) 2012-11-14 2014-05-21 Intech-Les d.o.o. Building element for a timber wall and a ceiling constructions and a producing method thereof
US8733046B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2014-05-27 Fbm Licence Limited Building panel, building system and method of constructing a building
ITAR20130030A1 (en) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-13 Massimo Dani STRUCTURAL ELEMENT, PARTICULARLY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF-SUPPORTING WALLS, FLOORS AND SIMILAR FOR BUILDINGS IN GENERAL.
DE102016001213A1 (en) * 2016-02-03 2017-08-03 Lignotrend Gmbh & Co. Kg Wooden ceiling element
NO20170258A1 (en) * 2017-02-23 2018-08-24 Magne Sivilarkitekt Mnal Bergseth Building elements for covers, roofs and exterior walls of solid wood panels (2 pcs / double) fastened together with steps of laminated plywood - OSB chipboard or fibreboard
FR3091307A1 (en) * 2018-12-31 2020-07-03 Codognet Industrially prefabricated and prefabricated carrier insulating slab intended for construction
WO2022148905A1 (en) * 2021-01-08 2022-07-14 Gymba Oy Element structure and wall

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WO1995008032A1 (en) * 1993-09-15 1995-03-23 Bergevin Gerard Three-dimensional wooden panel and use thereof
US5685124A (en) * 1994-04-21 1997-11-11 Jandl, Jr.; Adolf Wall, ceiling or roof elements with heat insulation properties on one side and sound insulation properties on the other
WO1999066148A1 (en) * 1998-06-17 1999-12-23 Franz Stefan Werner Wall-, ceiling- and roof-building element
JP2000017776A (en) * 1998-07-06 2000-01-18 Fujipura Seiko Co Ltd Synthetic resin building material formed by injecting foamed resin into honeycomb hollow body
US6824851B1 (en) * 1999-10-08 2004-11-30 Milwaukee Composites, Inc. Panels utilizing a precured reinforced core and method of manufacturing the same
US6564521B1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2003-05-20 Brown Paul A Structural sandwich panels and method of manufacture of structural sandwich panels
DE20107152U1 (en) * 2000-10-05 2001-07-26 Lignotrend Produktions Gmbh Kr Load-bearing wooden wall element
US20060260267A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2006-11-23 Hans Hagen Insulated stud panel and method of making such
GB2415714A (en) * 2004-06-09 2006-01-04 Philip Anthony Price Insulated timber frame building panel
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GB2430945A (en) * 2005-10-08 2007-04-11 Henley Consultants Ltd Modular composite floor units

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2360327A2 (en) 2010-02-11 2011-08-24 Michael Palfi Construction element for wall and ceiling systems
US8733046B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2014-05-27 Fbm Licence Limited Building panel, building system and method of constructing a building
US9340972B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2016-05-17 Fbm Licence Limited Building panel, building system and method of constructing a building
EP2733276A2 (en) 2012-11-14 2014-05-21 Intech-Les d.o.o. Building element for a timber wall and a ceiling constructions and a producing method thereof
ITAR20130030A1 (en) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-13 Massimo Dani STRUCTURAL ELEMENT, PARTICULARLY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF-SUPPORTING WALLS, FLOORS AND SIMILAR FOR BUILDINGS IN GENERAL.
DE102016001213A1 (en) * 2016-02-03 2017-08-03 Lignotrend Gmbh & Co. Kg Wooden ceiling element
NO20170258A1 (en) * 2017-02-23 2018-08-24 Magne Sivilarkitekt Mnal Bergseth Building elements for covers, roofs and exterior walls of solid wood panels (2 pcs / double) fastened together with steps of laminated plywood - OSB chipboard or fibreboard
FR3091307A1 (en) * 2018-12-31 2020-07-03 Codognet Industrially prefabricated and prefabricated carrier insulating slab intended for construction
WO2022148905A1 (en) * 2021-01-08 2022-07-14 Gymba Oy Element structure and wall

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0711954D0 (en) 2007-08-01
WO2008155559A1 (en) 2008-12-24

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