GB2425785A - A profile system - Google Patents
A profile system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2425785A GB2425785A GB0608341A GB0608341A GB2425785A GB 2425785 A GB2425785 A GB 2425785A GB 0608341 A GB0608341 A GB 0608341A GB 0608341 A GB0608341 A GB 0608341A GB 2425785 A GB2425785 A GB 2425785A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- component part
- profile system
- arm
- arms
- intermediate connecting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013521 mastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F19/00—Other details of constructional parts for finishing work on buildings
- E04F19/02—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F19/00—Other details of constructional parts for finishing work on buildings
- E04F19/02—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves
- E04F19/022—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves for use at vertical intersections of walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F19/00—Other details of constructional parts for finishing work on buildings
- E04F19/02—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves
- E04F19/026—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves specially adapted for cushioning impacts
- E04F19/028—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves specially adapted for cushioning impacts used at protruding corners
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F19/00—Other details of constructional parts for finishing work on buildings
- E04F19/02—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves
- E04F19/04—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves for use between floor or ceiling and wall, e.g. skirtings
- E04F19/0486—Corner filling pieces
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F19/00—Other details of constructional parts for finishing work on buildings
- E04F19/02—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves
- E04F19/06—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves specially designed for securing panels or masking the edges of wall- or floor-covering elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F19/00—Other details of constructional parts for finishing work on buildings
- E04F19/02—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves
- E04F19/06—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves specially designed for securing panels or masking the edges of wall- or floor-covering elements
- E04F19/062—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves specially designed for securing panels or masking the edges of wall- or floor-covering elements used between similar elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F19/00—Other details of constructional parts for finishing work on buildings
- E04F19/02—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves
- E04F19/06—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves specially designed for securing panels or masking the edges of wall- or floor-covering elements
- E04F19/062—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves specially designed for securing panels or masking the edges of wall- or floor-covering elements used between similar elements
- E04F19/064—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves specially designed for securing panels or masking the edges of wall- or floor-covering elements used between similar elements in corners
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
A profile system for joining together the edges of adjacent panels (3, 4 Fig 2) comprises a rear component part 2 defining a pair of arms 5, 6 each joined to an intermediate connecting member 8, and a front component part 1 defining a pair of arms 12, 13 each joined to an intermediate connecting member 15. The intermediate connecting members 8, 15 of the front and rear components (1, 2) are adapted, in use, to mate with one another to connect the front and rear component parts 1, 2 together. When connected each arm 5, 6 of the rear component part 2 lies opposite to and spaced from a respective one of the arms 12, 13 of the front component part 1 to define a channel therewith into which, in use, the edge of a panel (3, 4 Fig 2) is received. The inwardly facing surface of each arm 12, 13 of the front component part 1 is provided with a sealant portion 16 which forms a seal with a respective one of the two panels to be joined together by the profile system.
Description
DESCRIPTION
"A PROFILE SYSTEM" The present invention relates to a profile system for connecting wall panels and, in particular, for connecting waterproof panels in a bathroom or shower enclosure.
Waterproof panels are known for use as a wall covering in "wet areas" such as bathrooms or shower enclosures. These panels can also be used to form the wall itself, making them ideal for en-suite shower rooms. These waterproof panels have significant advantages over tiles in terms of their ease of use and installation, durability, and performance.
A wide range of profiles is available for connecting together adjacent panels and for finishing off the edges of these panels, including bottom seal profiles for ensuring a leak-proof seal around a bath or shower, edging profiles for giving a decorative to the final edge, joining profiles for joining together two or more panels to form a continuous planar surface and corner profiles to give corners a neat appearance. These profiles can be made of PVC in colours to match the panels or in anodised aluminium.
Corner profiles may be internal or external, but both have a channel running the length of the profile and on each side thereof into which the edge of a panel is received.
To prevent ingress of water between the sides of the channel and the panel a waterproof mastic sealant is used. The mastic is run into the channel and the edge of the panel is then forced into the channel to express the mastic around it.
This conventional corner profile provides a satisfactory finish to the panels.
However, the requirement to fill the channels with mastic before inserting the panel edges is time consuming and can be difficult when the panels have different thicknesses. If the mastic is not run into the channels evenly gaps may occur through which water can leak, and excess mastic may be forced out onto the facing surface of the panel which can mar the appearance of the panel if it is not cleaned up. In addition this method of installation requires the panels be installed in strict sequence. Also swinging the panels into place can cause damage in the room ceiling.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a profile system, for joining together the edges of adjacent panels which obviates or at least substantially mitigates the problems described above associated with conventional profiles.
According to the present invention there is provided a profile system for joining together the edges of adjacent panels, the profile system comprising a rear component part defining a pair of arms each joined to an intermediate connecting member, and a front component part defining a pair of arms each joined to an intermediate connecting member, wherein the intermediate connecting members of the front and rear components are adapted, in use, to mate with one another to connect the front and rear component parts together such that each arm of the rear component part lies opposite to and spaced from a respective one of the arms of the front component part to define a channel therewith into which, in use, the edge of a panel is received, and wherein the inwardly facing surface of each arm of the front component part is provided with a sealant such that in use each arm forms a fluid tight seal with a respective one of the two panels to be joined together by the profile system.
The profile system may take the form of an internal corner profile, an external corner profile or a joining profile.
To this end the outwardly facing surface of the front component part formed by the arms and the intermediate connecting part is so shaped as to suit the particular profile of the profile system forming either an internal arc, an external arc or a substantially planar surface.
Optionally, a sealant may be provided on each arm of the rear component part.
This ensures that the profile system forms a fluid tight seal with both the front and rear surfaces of the panels to be joined together.
Preferably, the sealant on each arm comprises a sealant strip extending the full length thereof. Conveniently, the sealant strip comprises a compressible barrier tape having a self adhesive surface which in use adheres to the facing surface of the panel.
Preferably, the intermediate connecting means adapted to connect the front component part to the rear component part comprises a channel or socket carried by one of the said component parts and a plug carried by the other component part, and the plug is adapted to be received in the said channel or socket.
Conveniently, the internal surfaces of the walls defining the channel or socket and the sides of the plug are serrated to provide an interference fit between the two. This arrangement also allows a secure connection between the plug and the socket or channel at varying depths of insertion of the plug into the socket or channel. This is advantageous in that it allows the profile system to accommodate different thicknesses of panel between the front and rear component parts. Panels can be installed in any order and offered into place without swinging in.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:- Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the front and rear component parts of an interior corner profile embodying the present invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the interior corner profile shown in Fig. 1 in situ between two panels; Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the front and rear component parts of an exterior corner profile embodying the present invention; and Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the exterior corner profile shown in Fig. 3.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 together of the drawings an interior corner profile embodying the present invention comprises a front component part I and a rear component part 2. Although not shown in the drawings it will be appreciated that the corner profile forms a longitudinal strip of substantially the same length as the two panels 3 and 4 which are to be joined together.
The rear component part 2 comprises a first arm 5 and a second arm 6 which extend at right angles to each other. The first arm 5 is slightly longer than the second arm 6, to accommodate fixing holes (not visible) through which a screw can be inserted to secure the rear component part to a wall. The "V" groove in the longer arm provides a "drilling aid" for drilling out these fixing holes. However, it will be understood that this extension can also be provided on both arms or it can be omitted as, for example, might be deemed preferable where the panels form a free standing enclosure. An abutment 17 is provided on the inner face of each arm 5 and 6 against which the edge of the adjacent panel 3, 4 rests. The abutment also provides a convenient measuring point from which to measure the opening between profiles before cutting the panels to size.
Situated at the junction of the two arms 5 and 6 is an intermediate member 8 defining between two upstanding walls 9 and 10 a socket or channel 11. As shown this intermediate member 8 extends longitudinally the full length of the corner profile.
However, this is not essential to the design. A plurality of separate and discreet intermediate members may be provided at uniformly spaced intervals along the length of the corner profile.
The front component part 1 comprises a first arm 12 and a second arm 13 the outwardly facing surfaces of which are continuous to form an internal arc 14. Situated at the junction between the first arm 12 and the second arm 13 is an intermediate member defining a plug which is adapted to be received in the channel 11 of the intermediate member 8 of the rear component part 2. As shown the plug extends the full length of the corner profile.
However, this is not essential to the design. The plug may in fact be discontinuous over the length of the corner profile. The principle requirement of the plug is that it is adapted to be received in the channels of the rear component part and to be held in place thereto over the full length of the corner profile.
The interior surfaces of the walls 9 and 10 and the exterior surfaces of the plug 15 are serrated. Furthermore, the walls 9 and 10 are sufficiently resilient to allow the plug 15 to be pressed home into the channel 15. The serrated surfaces then form an interference fit to hold and retain the front and rear component parts 1 and 2 together.
It will be appreciated that the plug and channel arrangement connecting together the front and rear component parts allows panels of varying thickness to be accommodated by the corner profile.
On the interior face of each arm 12, 13 of the front component part 1 is a strip seal 16 which extends the full length of the front component part 1. Optionally, a strip seal can also be provided on the interior face of each arm 5, 6 of the rear component part 2. The strip seal 16 is a compressible barrier tape with a self adhesive surface protected by a peel off strip which, in use, is removed to uncover the self adhesive surface. When the front component part 1 is pressed into engagement with the rear component part 2, to secure a panel on each side thereof, each strip seal 16 is compressed against the panel (as shown in Fig. 2) and adheres thereto to form a watertight seal therewith. Other types of strip seal can be used within the scope of the present invention.
Referring now to Figs. 3 and 4 together of the drawings there is shown an exterior corner profile. In all its essential respects this is identical to the interior corner profile shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Accordingly, the same reference numerals have been used to identify corresponding elements thereof. The exterior corner profile differs from the interior corner profile in the following respects. Firstly, the rear component part 2 carries the plug 15 and front component part 1 carries the upstanding walls 9 and 10 which define the channel 11 in which the plug 15 is received. Secondly, the outwardly facing surfaces of the two arms 12 and 13 of the front component part I form an external arc 14 The exterior corner profile is used to join two panels together in the same way as previously described for the interior corner profile.
Claims (11)
1. A profile system for joining together the edges of adjacent panels, the profile system comprising a rear component part defining a pair of arms each joined to an intermediate connecting member, and a front component part defining a pair of arms each joined to an intermediate connecting member, wherein the intermediate connecting members of the front and rear components are adapted, in use, to mate with one another to connect the front and rear component parts together such that each arm of the rear component part lies opposite to and spaced from a respective one of the arms of the front component part to define a channel therewith into which, in use, the edge of a panel is received, and wherein the inwardly facing surface of each arm of the front component part is provided with a sealant such that in use each arm forms a seal with a respective one of the two panels to be joined together by the profile system.
2. A profile system according to claim 1, wherein the rear component part defines an internal corner and the outwardly facing surface of the front component part formed by the arms and the intermediate connecting part forms an internal arc.
3. A profile system according to claim 1, wherein the rear component part defines an external corner and the outwardly facing surface of the front component part formed by the arms and the intermediate connecting part forms an external arc.
4. A profile system according to claim 1, wherein the rear component part defines a joining profile and the outwardly facing surface of the front component part formed by the arms and the intermediate connecting part forms a substantially planar surface.
5. A profile system according to any preceding claim, wherein a sealant is also provided on each arm of the rear component part.
6. A profile system according to any preceding claim, wherein the sealant comprises a sealant strip which extends the full length of the arm supporting it.
7. A profile system according to claim 6, wherein the sealant strip comprises a compressible barrier tape having a self adhesive surface.
8. A profile system according to any preceding claim, wherein the intermediate connecting means adapted to connect the front component part to the rear component part comprises a channel or socket carried by one of the said component parts and a plug carried by the other component part, and the plug is adapted to be received in the said channel or socket.
9. A profile system according to claim 6, wherein the internal surfaces of the walls defining the channel or socket and the sides of the plug are serrated to provide an interference fit between the two.
10. A profile system according to any preceding claim, wherein each arm of the rear component part is provided with an upstanding abutment against which, in use, the edge of a panel rests.
11. A profile system substantially as hereinbefore described, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0509155.8A GB0509155D0 (en) | 2005-05-05 | 2005-05-05 | A profile system |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB0608341D0 GB0608341D0 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
GB2425785A true GB2425785A (en) | 2006-11-08 |
GB2425785B GB2425785B (en) | 2010-08-04 |
Family
ID=34685109
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0509155.8A Ceased GB0509155D0 (en) | 2005-05-05 | 2005-05-05 | A profile system |
GB0608341A Expired - Fee Related GB2425785B (en) | 2005-05-05 | 2006-04-27 | A profile system |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0509155.8A Ceased GB0509155D0 (en) | 2005-05-05 | 2005-05-05 | A profile system |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (2) | GB0509155D0 (en) |
NO (1) | NO20062029L (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006061434A1 (en) * | 2006-12-23 | 2008-06-26 | Manfred Kochler | Profile rail for the end of a tile comprises a support rail made from a first material and a hood attachment made from a second material |
DE202010001352U1 (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-06-09 | Schlüter-Systems KG, 58640 | Trim for showers |
FR2957372A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-16 | Dinac Sa | THICKNESS BAR |
FR2957374A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-16 | Dinac Sa | CABLE FOR ELEMENT OF EDGE |
FR2957373A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-16 | Dinac Sa | MONOBLOC THINNER BAR |
BE1019586A3 (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2012-08-07 | Flooring Ind Ltd Sarl | EDGE FINISHING FOR A COATING, ORNAMENTAL LIST USED HERE AND METHOD FOR FINISHING AN EDGE. |
GB2500004A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2013-09-11 | Darren Lorenzo | Sealing strip assembly |
AU2014203021B2 (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2017-09-14 | Renset Services Pty Ltd | Angle bead clip |
EP4067596A1 (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-10-05 | Francisco Javier Galbis Linero | Profile system for installation in angled joints of partitions made from cladding panels |
US20230124611A1 (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-20 | Luvly Ab | Sandwich plate element connection system and method for connecting sandwich plate elements |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2073278A (en) * | 1936-01-07 | 1937-03-09 | Russell L Hohl | Mounting device |
CH244534A (en) * | 1944-11-18 | 1946-09-30 | Genevoise Ferronnerie | Glazing. |
US3199258A (en) * | 1962-02-23 | 1965-08-10 | Robertson Co H H | Building outer wall structure |
JPH1046784A (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1998-02-17 | Morimura Kinzoku Kk | Joiner for exterior wall panel |
-
2005
- 2005-05-05 GB GBGB0509155.8A patent/GB0509155D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2006
- 2006-04-27 GB GB0608341A patent/GB2425785B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-05-05 NO NO20062029A patent/NO20062029L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2073278A (en) * | 1936-01-07 | 1937-03-09 | Russell L Hohl | Mounting device |
CH244534A (en) * | 1944-11-18 | 1946-09-30 | Genevoise Ferronnerie | Glazing. |
US3199258A (en) * | 1962-02-23 | 1965-08-10 | Robertson Co H H | Building outer wall structure |
JPH1046784A (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1998-02-17 | Morimura Kinzoku Kk | Joiner for exterior wall panel |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006061434A1 (en) * | 2006-12-23 | 2008-06-26 | Manfred Kochler | Profile rail for the end of a tile comprises a support rail made from a first material and a hood attachment made from a second material |
US8640390B2 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2014-02-04 | Schlueter-Systems Kg | Decorative strip for showers |
DE202010001352U1 (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-06-09 | Schlüter-Systems KG, 58640 | Trim for showers |
FR2957372A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-16 | Dinac Sa | THICKNESS BAR |
FR2957374A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-16 | Dinac Sa | CABLE FOR ELEMENT OF EDGE |
FR2957373A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-16 | Dinac Sa | MONOBLOC THINNER BAR |
EP2369091A1 (en) | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-28 | Dinac | Adhesive skirting board |
EP2369095A1 (en) | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-28 | Dinac | System for skirting board |
EP2369092A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-28 | Dinac | One-piece border element for glueing |
EA021445B1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2015-06-30 | 3М Бриколаж Э Батиман | Adhesive skirting board |
BE1019586A3 (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2012-08-07 | Flooring Ind Ltd Sarl | EDGE FINISHING FOR A COATING, ORNAMENTAL LIST USED HERE AND METHOD FOR FINISHING AN EDGE. |
GB2500004A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2013-09-11 | Darren Lorenzo | Sealing strip assembly |
GB2500004B (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2018-04-18 | Lorenzo Darren | Sealing strip assembly |
AU2014203021B2 (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2017-09-14 | Renset Services Pty Ltd | Angle bead clip |
EP4067596A1 (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-10-05 | Francisco Javier Galbis Linero | Profile system for installation in angled joints of partitions made from cladding panels |
US20230124611A1 (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-20 | Luvly Ab | Sandwich plate element connection system and method for connecting sandwich plate elements |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2425785B (en) | 2010-08-04 |
GB0608341D0 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
GB0509155D0 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
NO20062029L (en) | 2006-11-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
GB2425785A (en) | A profile system | |
US9833111B2 (en) | Multi-piece shower wall system and method of installation | |
US6115982A (en) | Mounting/trim strips for wall, ceiling, or floor panels | |
US4817344A (en) | Bathtub wall surround kit | |
GB2435058A (en) | A composite panel and seal | |
US5079880A (en) | Trim for covering and securing dry wall adjacent to surrounding portion of a bathtub or shower stall | |
US4760681A (en) | Back-splash molding | |
DE60308371D1 (en) | IMPROVED FINISHING FOR FLOORING | |
AU2016100362A4 (en) | Skirting and Architrave Installation System | |
US20240060311A1 (en) | Wall paneling system | |
US20110035872A1 (en) | Method and system for attaching an insert onto an existing bathtub and shower enclosure | |
JP2012177244A (en) | Assembly structure of opening part inner frame material of building | |
US20100186329A1 (en) | Decorative Accessory | |
GB2322644A (en) | Seal between a vertical and a horizontal surface, e.g. wall and shower tray | |
GB2519324A (en) | Covering | |
JP2002371754A (en) | Opening part remodeling frame | |
KR950009607B1 (en) | Set-up structure of exterlor panel | |
GB2450861A (en) | Coving system for use at a floor wall junction | |
GB2337565A (en) | Sealing member | |
WO1998040234A2 (en) | Receptacle seal | |
JP4042997B2 (en) | Exterior wall construction material around the bathroom window | |
KR200319336Y1 (en) | Joining Device of Panel for Interior | |
DE50012743D1 (en) | Kit for shower enclosures | |
JPH11343778A (en) | Structure of opening section of exterior wall | |
JPH09209466A (en) | Combined joint sealing material and joint construction |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20140427 |