GB2382117A - Gear unit having a dry sump for a wind turbine - Google Patents

Gear unit having a dry sump for a wind turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2382117A
GB2382117A GB0123973A GB0123973A GB2382117A GB 2382117 A GB2382117 A GB 2382117A GB 0123973 A GB0123973 A GB 0123973A GB 0123973 A GB0123973 A GB 0123973A GB 2382117 A GB2382117 A GB 2382117A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
gear unit
oil
reservoir
fact
unit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0123973A
Other versions
GB2382117B (en
GB0123973D0 (en
Inventor
Peter Flamang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Wind Power Antwerpen NV
Original Assignee
Hansen Transmissions International NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hansen Transmissions International NV filed Critical Hansen Transmissions International NV
Priority to GB0123973A priority Critical patent/GB2382117B/en
Publication of GB0123973D0 publication Critical patent/GB0123973D0/en
Priority to US10/491,668 priority patent/US20050034925A1/en
Priority to PCT/IB2002/004375 priority patent/WO2003031812A1/en
Publication of GB2382117A publication Critical patent/GB2382117A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2382117B publication Critical patent/GB2382117B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0402—Cleaning of lubricants, e.g. filters or magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/04—Combinations of toothed gearings only
    • F16H37/041—Combinations of toothed gearings only for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/048—Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0482—Gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F03D15/10—Transmission of mechanical power using gearing not limited to rotary motion, e.g. with oscillating or reciprocating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
    • F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
    • F05B2260/40311—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing of the epicyclic, planetary or differential type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/46—Systems consisting of a plurality of gear trains each with orbital gears, i.e. systems having three or more central gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

A gear unit for use in wind turbine applications has a dry sump and is lubricated from an external reservoir. This enables the oil to be changed by removing an external reservoir and replacing it with a fresh reservoir containing oil. The gear unit preferably consists of several modules which receive and return oil to/from the external reservoir. Preferably each return line is equipped with a debris trap.

Description

23821 1 7
GEAR UNIT LUBRICATION
The present invention relates to a gear unit and particularly but not exclusively to a gear unit for a wind turbine.
Because of their position high up in the nacelle, a key success factor of gear units for wind turbines is to provide low weight and compactness.
This has lead in the last decade to the quasi general introduction of planetary
low speed gear stages for gear units in the power range beyond 500 kW and is now, in the development of multi-MegaWatt turbines, leading to more and more gear units with planetary low speed and intermediate gear stages.
This evolution is leading to new challenges for the designers of such turbines. A basic characteristic of a planetary gear stage is that it can contain only a very limited quantity of oil. A minimum quantity of oil however is required in the lubrication system of the gear unit to ensure that the oil does not degrade too fast and oil change intervals are maximized.
At the same time, requiring large oil quantities complicates oil changes on top of the nacelle due to cost and time involved in the transport of oil barrels, draining and filling of the gear unit By the nature of its construction, there are several disadvantages to using the gear unit housing as the oil reservoir: the oil is continuously churned around which leads to efficiency losses and high cold-start torques, as well as possibly faster oxidation because of a more intense contact of the oil with air, foam building that can disturb lubrication systems and for instance oil level alarms, etceteras.
Gear units typically contain several oil pockets that are hard to flush when the oil is changed. Also, contamination of the oil bath due to a failing component may easily lead to consequential damage of other components as the particles from the failing component are coming in the common oil sump of the gear unit.
The present invention provides a novel solution for the specific problems mentioned above.
The basic idea of the present invention is to completely eliminate the oil sump in the gear unit. A separate oil reservoir is installed, from which well conditioned (cooled and filtered) oil is fed to the gear unit. Although central lubrication systems exist that provide oil for instance to different gear units in the same plant or even to a single gear unit, these gear units mostly still also need to enjoy the benefit of their own oil baths. Also the use of external oil reservoirs, which in general would be regarded as contrary to the objective of compactness, is not known in wind turbine gear unit design.
Eliminating the oil bath in the gear unit as a whole however can solve a number of the issues mentioned above. The uncoupling of the gear unit lubrication circuit from the oil conditioning circuit by means of an external oil reservoir moreover simplifies the monitoring of the oil conditioning equipment itself, such as oil heaters, cooling systems and filter systems.
As a further part of this invention, the gear unit is constructed in such a way that the main gear stages are forming separate modules, each of which receives fresh conditioned oil from the lubrication system and returns the used oil separately to the external oil reservoir. This has the advantage that
contaminating particles in one of the modules, for instance created by a failing component or by external factors such as dirt or water accumulation, are not allowed to contaminate the other modules, but are intercepted by the separate oil conditioning system of the reservoir.
Each of the return lines can be provided with a debris trap device for instance by means of a transparent small reservoir provided with a magnet and allowing visual inspection of the presence of particles or debris.
Furthermore, the present invention also proposes to use an oil reservoir that can be easily removed from the nacelle and replaced by another fresh oil reservoir that contains well conditioned oil. This exchange may include the most important parts of the oil conditioning unit such as heaters, coolers and filtration systems. The lubrication system thus receives a complete "reset" at any oil change, removing all possibly accumulated dirt or debris and also avoiding time consuming flushing of oil tanks on-board of the nacelle. Against a background of a growing offshore market for wind
turbines that are even more difficult to service, this may be a large advantage. A particulary interesting embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 1 which shows a schematic diagram of cross-section of a gear unit and plural lubrication circuits A, B. C and each serving a different module of the gear unit.
The shown gear unit consists of three modules comprising tvvo planetary gear stages 1 and 2 and a helical high speed gear stage 3. The wind turbine rotor bearing arrangement is integrated in the gear unit.
Fresh oil is fed from the external reservoir 4 by means a pump 6 and via a flow distributor 7 to the three different modules of the gear unit, and returned from these modules back to the reservoir. The reservoir is provided with a separate oil conditioning circuit 5.
For this particular construction, the invention with a dry sump offers the additional advantage that the sealing arrangement which has to be provided at a very large diameter, does not have to seal of against any hydrostatic pressure that would be present in case of an oil sump, and can therefore be based on non-contacting sealing principles.

Claims (7)

1. Gear unit for use in wind turbine applications characterised by the fact that the gear unit has a dry sump and is lubricated from an external reservoir
2. Gear unit according to claim 1 characterised by the fact that the gear unit consist of several modules each of which receives fresh oil from the lubrication system and returns the used oil to the external reservoir.
3. Gear unit according to claim 1 and 2 characterised by the fact that each return line is equipped with a debris trap device allowing evaluation of each of the modules.
4. Gear unit according to claim 1 characterised by the fact that the regular oil change is carried out by removing the complete external oil reservoir and replacing it with a fresh oil reservoir
5. Gear unit according to claim 3 characterised by the fact that not only the oil reservoir is exchanged at the time of oil change, but also a number of dedicated parts of the oil conditioning system attached to the reservoir.
6. Gear unit according to claim 1 and 2 characterised by the fact that the gear unit comprises an integrated wind turbine rotor bearing arrangement that is also lubricated with fresh oil from the same reservoir.
7. Gear unit according to claim 5 characterised by the fact that the gear unit is sealed at a large diameter by a sealing arrangement whose function is based on non contacting sealing principles.
GB0123973A 2001-10-05 2001-10-05 Wind turbine gear unit lubrication Expired - Fee Related GB2382117B (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0123973A GB2382117B (en) 2001-10-05 2001-10-05 Wind turbine gear unit lubrication
US10/491,668 US20050034925A1 (en) 2001-10-05 2002-10-04 Dry sump lubrication system with removable oil reservoir for wind turbine gearbox
PCT/IB2002/004375 WO2003031812A1 (en) 2001-10-05 2002-10-04 Dry sump lubrication system with removable oil reservoir for wind turbine gearbox

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0123973A GB2382117B (en) 2001-10-05 2001-10-05 Wind turbine gear unit lubrication

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0123973D0 GB0123973D0 (en) 2001-11-28
GB2382117A true GB2382117A (en) 2003-05-21
GB2382117B GB2382117B (en) 2005-07-20

Family

ID=9923316

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0123973A Expired - Fee Related GB2382117B (en) 2001-10-05 2001-10-05 Wind turbine gear unit lubrication

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20050034925A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2382117B (en)
WO (1) WO2003031812A1 (en)

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DE102010041559A1 (en) * 2010-09-28 2012-03-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for filtering lubricants in a transmission
US8393993B2 (en) 2006-01-25 2013-03-12 Vestas Wing Systems A/S Wind turbine comprising at least one gearbox and an epicyclic gearbox
US8536726B2 (en) 2010-09-17 2013-09-17 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Electrical machines, wind turbines, and methods for operating an electrical machine
GB2501371A (en) * 2009-12-18 2013-10-23 Romax Technology Ltd A module for a wind turbine gear box
US8568099B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2013-10-29 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Apparatus for harvesting energy from a gearbox to power an electrical device and related methods

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ES2299767T3 (en) 2003-03-21 2008-06-01 Vestas Wind Systems A/S PROCEDURE TO MOVE THE ROTATING MEANS OF A WIND TURBINE DURING ITS TRANSPORTATION AND STOPPING, GONDOLA, AUXILIARY DEVICE AND ITS USE.
FI117252B (en) * 2004-07-15 2006-08-15 Moventas Oy Arrangement in planetary gear
DE102006057055B3 (en) * 2006-12-04 2008-06-19 Lohmann & Stolterfoht Gmbh Power-split wind turbine gearbox
EP2022840A3 (en) * 2007-08-03 2009-11-25 Evonik Goldschmidt GmbH Use of ionic liquids for lubrication of components in wind farms
DE102007041508A1 (en) 2007-08-31 2009-03-05 Schaeffler Kg Rotor bearing for a wind turbine
DE202008002849U1 (en) * 2008-02-28 2008-05-29 Baier & Köppel GmbH & Co. Lubricating system for lubricating a mechanical pitch adjustment device
CN102084128B (en) * 2008-06-02 2013-05-22 维斯塔斯风力***有限公司 A lubrication system for a gear system for a wind turbine
CA2671237C (en) * 2008-10-17 2012-07-17 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Wind turbine generator
DE102008055632B4 (en) * 2008-11-03 2012-05-16 Aerodyn Engineering Gmbh Method for lubricating a gearbox
DE102008063868B3 (en) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-10 Winergy Ag Planetary gear for a wind turbine
DE102009048766A1 (en) * 2009-10-08 2011-04-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Powertrain and wind turbine
ES2378042B2 (en) * 2009-10-09 2012-08-08 Gamesa Innovation & Technology S.L. DEVICE AND METHOD OF FILLING THE LUBRICATION DEPOSIT OF AN AEROGENERATOR.
WO2011048183A1 (en) * 2009-10-23 2011-04-28 Vestas Wind Systems A/S A lubrication system for a gear system providing emergency lubrication
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BRPI1001243A2 (en) * 2010-02-08 2016-02-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd lubricant heating mechanism, gear mechanism, and wind turbine generator
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US9903345B2 (en) * 2010-09-21 2018-02-27 Xemc Darwind B.V. Wind turbine with oil lubrication
DE102010052899A1 (en) * 2010-10-21 2012-04-26 Imo Holding Gmbh Assembly for decoupling the rotational energy from the rotor hub of the wind turbine of a wind turbine
US9482207B2 (en) * 2010-12-15 2016-11-01 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Wind turbine and a method of operating a wind turbine
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FR2970504B1 (en) 2011-01-19 2013-02-08 Turbomeca METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING LUBRICANTS
US20120241258A1 (en) * 2011-03-23 2012-09-27 Pradip Radhakrishnan Subramaniam Lubricant supply system and method for controlling gearbox lubrication
DE102011015858B3 (en) 2011-04-01 2012-08-02 Repower Systems Ag Method and device for quick oil change to drive equipment of wind turbines
ES2396812B1 (en) * 2011-06-21 2014-01-17 Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L. RETENTION SYSTEMS.
DK2573429T3 (en) 2011-09-22 2014-07-21 Moventas Gears Oy Method for controlling the lubrication of a drive unit and a drive unit
EP2573388B1 (en) * 2011-09-22 2018-11-07 Moventas Gears Oy A method for controlling lubrication of a gear unit and a gear unit
IN2014CN03849A (en) * 2011-10-28 2015-09-04 Rem Technologies
US8869940B2 (en) * 2012-01-17 2014-10-28 General Electric Company Dual temperature oil control system and method for a wind turbine gearbox
CN103322172B (en) * 2012-03-19 2015-09-23 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 Gearbox lubricant circulating system
EP3019725B1 (en) * 2013-07-07 2020-04-22 United Technologies Corporation Fan drive gear system manifold radial tube filters
EP3026262B1 (en) * 2014-08-29 2018-07-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Wind power plant with a drive train
DE102017219771B4 (en) * 2017-11-07 2019-05-23 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Gear arrangement for a wind turbine and method for performing an oil change for such a gear arrangement
US11255233B2 (en) * 2018-03-14 2022-02-22 The Sloan Brothers Co. Lubrication liquid delivery methods and apparatus
US11073200B2 (en) 2019-03-06 2021-07-27 Rolls-Royce Corporation Embedded auxiliary oil system for gearbox protection
CN113137349B (en) * 2021-04-28 2022-02-11 上海电气风电集团股份有限公司 Main bearing grease replacing method for fan drive chain
EP4124780A1 (en) * 2021-07-30 2023-02-01 General Electric Company Oil supply system with vacuum pump for transmission of drive system

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8393993B2 (en) 2006-01-25 2013-03-12 Vestas Wing Systems A/S Wind turbine comprising at least one gearbox and an epicyclic gearbox
GB2501371A (en) * 2009-12-18 2013-10-23 Romax Technology Ltd A module for a wind turbine gear box
GB2501371B (en) * 2009-12-18 2014-06-18 Romax Technology Ltd A module for a wind turbine gearbox
US8536726B2 (en) 2010-09-17 2013-09-17 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Electrical machines, wind turbines, and methods for operating an electrical machine
DE102010041559A1 (en) * 2010-09-28 2012-03-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for filtering lubricants in a transmission
US8568099B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2013-10-29 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Apparatus for harvesting energy from a gearbox to power an electrical device and related methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2382117B (en) 2005-07-20
US20050034925A1 (en) 2005-02-17
WO2003031812A1 (en) 2003-04-17
GB0123973D0 (en) 2001-11-28

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