GB2359881A - Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2359881A GB2359881A GB0004935A GB0004935A GB2359881A GB 2359881 A GB2359881 A GB 2359881A GB 0004935 A GB0004935 A GB 0004935A GB 0004935 A GB0004935 A GB 0004935A GB 2359881 A GB2359881 A GB 2359881A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- tubes
- primary
- fluid
- heat transfer
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/0058—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having different orientations to each other or crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/0066—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
A heat exchanger is provided with primary and secondary heat transfer tubes, the primary tubes being in regular parallel array and the secondary tubes being arranged in successive rows passing between the primary tubes, each secondary tube row being orthogonal one to the next and being orthogonal to the primary tubes.
Description
<U>IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO HEAT EXCHANGERS</U> The invention concerns improvements in or relating to heat exchangers.
In particular the present invention has as its object the provision of a novel heat exchange apparatus wherein heat from a primary fluid contained in primary heat transfer tubes can be transferred to or from a secondary fluid contained in secondary heat transfer tubes by the use of an intermediate fluid flowing outside of, and in flow communication with, both primary and secondary tubes.
According to the invention a heat exchange apparatus includes a number of parallel primary heat transfer tubes, regularly arrayed, with clearance between each tube in two dimensions perpendicular to their length, with secondary heat transfer tubes arranged in successive rows passing between the primary tubes, each secondary tube row being arranged orthogonally one to the next, and each secondary tube row being arranged orthogonally to the primary tubes.
Further to this, the secondary heat recovery tubes may be arranged such that two or more adjacent secondary tube rows in a direction parallel to the primary tubes may be arranged in the same direction, upstream of successive groups of tube rows arranged orthogonally to them.
The primary fluid flows inside the primary tubes, whilst the intermediate fluid flows outside the tubes in a direction generally in parallel with the primary fluid, either in a co- current or countercurrent direction.
The direction of flow of the secondary fluid is generally transverse to the direction of flow of the primary and intermediate fluids. The distance between successive orthogonal rows of secondary tubes is preferably minimised whereby the intermediate fluid is caused to flow around the secondary tubes in a tortuous manner, thereby increasing its turbulence and local heat transfer coefficient against both primary and secondary tubes.
In this manner a heat exchanger can be produced which by virtue of high heat transfer coefficients can be made more compact than conventional heat exchangers without suffering from excessive fluid pressure drops Furthermore, the heat exchanger can be fabricated from standard manufactured components.
The spacing between the primary and secondary tubes is preferably small, generally between 0 and<B>0.5</B> times the secondary tube outside diameter, in order to minimise the superficial surface area available to the intermediate fluid and thereby to maximise its velocity and corresponding heat transfer coefficient.
Advantageously, the secondary tubes may be in close proximity or in contact with the primary tubes thereby to eliminate the possibility of tube vibration in the secondary tubes. Alternatively, if necessary, the secondary tubes may be braced one to another or to additional members to prevent vibration.
Preferably the distance between each successive row of secondary tubes is minimised to provide as tortuous path as possible for the intermediate fluid and to minimise the size of the overall heat exchanger.
For example, the distance between successive rows may be in the range 0 - 0.5 times the secondary tube outside diameter. The primary and secondary tubes may be profiled in order to modify the heat transfer characteristics. For example, the tubes may be finned, twisted, shaped, of varying diameters, or contain inserts.
Inert shapes may be placed between the secondary tubes and around the primary tubes in a regular or random manner to further promote turbulence and heat transfer.
A further variation of the invention may provide for heat transfer from the intermediate fluid to both the primary and secondary fluid, or from both the primary and secondary fluid to the intermediate fluid.
Additionally, the primary and secondary fluids may be the same fluid, whilst the primary and secondary tubes may also be connected in parallel or series.
For example, the primary and secondary fluids could be water and/or steam with the intermediate fluid being combustion gases for heating same.
A still further variation to the utilisation of the apparatus may be the use of different fluid streams within the secondary tubes, flowing either in the same, or reverse, or a transverse directions. In this way heat may be transferred to a number of different fluid streams from the same stream or streams within a single apparatus.
Overall, the provision of tubes in three dimensions serves to maximise the tube surface area per unit volume of heat exchanger, whilst maximising the tortuosity of the intermediate fluid thereby maximising the overall heat transfer coefficients in an efficient manner.
This results in a potentially more compact and cost-effective heat exchanger than has hitherto been achievable with conventional tubular heat exchangers.
Claims (15)
- <U>CLAIMS</U>: 1. A heat exchange apparatus in which in use heat from primary fluid contained in primary heat transfer tubes is transferred to or from a secondary fluid contained in secondary heat transfer tubes by the use of an intermediate fluid flowing outside of, and in flow communication with, both primary and secondary tubes, the apparatus ' including a number of parallel primary heat transfer tubes, regularly arrayed, with clearance between each tube in two dimensions perpendicular to their length, with secondary heat transfer tubes arranged in successive rows passing between the primary tubes, each secondary tube row being arranged orthogonally one to the next, and each secondary tube row being arranged orthogonally to the primary tubes.
- 2. An apparatus according to Claim 1 in which the secondary heat recovery tubes are arranged such that two or more adjacent secondary tube rows in a direction parallel to the primary tubes are arranged in the same direction, upstream of successive groups of tube rows orthogonally to them.
- 3. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims in which in use primary fluid is adapted to flow inside the primary tubes, and the intermediate fluid flows outside the tubes in a direction generally parallel with the primary fluid, in co- current or countercurrent direction.
- 4. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims in which the flow of the secondary fluid is adapted to be generally transverse to the direction of flow of the primary and intermediate fluids.
- 5. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims in which the spacing between the primary and secondary tubes lies in the range of between 0 and 0.5 times the secondary tube outer diameter.
- 6. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims in which the spacing between each successive row of secondary tubes lies in the range of between 0 and 0.5 times the secondary tube outer diameter.
- 7. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims in which the secondary ` tubes are braced one to another.
- 8. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6 in which the secondary tubes are braced to additional members.
- 9. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims in which the primary and secondary tubes are profiled to enhance heat transfer.
- 10. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims in which the primary and secondary tubes contain inserts or devices to enhance heat transfer.
- 11. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims in which the primary and secondary tubes are adapted to contain the same fluid.
- 12. An apparatus according to Claim 11 in which the primary and secondary tubes are connected in either series or parallel.
- 13. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8 in which the secondary tubes are adapted to contain different fluid streams flowing in the same, or reverse, or transverse directions.
- 14. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims in which inert shapes surround the primary and secondary tubes in a regular or random manner to enhance heat transfer.
- 15. A heat exchange apparatus substantially as hereinbefore described.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0004935A GB2359881A (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2000-03-01 | Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers |
AT01907928T ATE265663T1 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2001-02-28 | IMPROVED HEAT EXCHANGER |
AU35794/01A AU3579401A (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2001-02-28 | Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers |
PCT/GB2001/000850 WO2001065193A1 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2001-02-28 | Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers |
EP01907928A EP1259773B1 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2001-02-28 | Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers |
DE60103026T DE60103026T2 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2001-02-28 | IMPROVED HEAT EXCHANGER |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0004935A GB2359881A (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2000-03-01 | Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB0004935D0 GB0004935D0 (en) | 2000-04-19 |
GB2359881A true GB2359881A (en) | 2001-09-05 |
Family
ID=9886739
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB0004935A Withdrawn GB2359881A (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2000-03-01 | Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1259773B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE265663T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU3579401A (en) |
DE (1) | DE60103026T2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2359881A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001065193A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107376604A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-11-24 | 重庆市商顺换热设备有限公司 | A kind of industrial fermentation waste gas dehumanization method and device |
CN111895442A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-11-06 | 重庆市商顺换热设备有限公司 | Flue gas treatment system of power plant |
CN112097287B (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2022-09-30 | 重庆鑫顺盛达科技有限公司 | Boiler energy-saving and flue gas whitening system, process and application |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1012135A (en) * | 1963-02-20 | 1965-12-08 | Nat Res Dev | Heat exchanger |
GB2032611A (en) * | 1978-10-05 | 1980-05-08 | Fiat Ricerche | Heat exchanger |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3153446A (en) * | 1960-08-12 | 1964-10-20 | United Aircraft Corp | Heat exchanger |
IL55047A0 (en) * | 1977-07-22 | 1978-08-31 | Carrier Corp | Heat exchange system |
CH657205A5 (en) * | 1983-04-22 | 1986-08-15 | Kurier Holding Ag | Cooler static high efficiency, suitable for the cooling of viscous fluids. |
WO1996017672A1 (en) * | 1994-12-09 | 1996-06-13 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Method and installation for treating a medium |
US5626102A (en) * | 1996-03-14 | 1997-05-06 | Nir; Ari | Heat recovery system for a boiler and a boiler provided therewith |
-
2000
- 2000-03-01 GB GB0004935A patent/GB2359881A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-02-28 AU AU35794/01A patent/AU3579401A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-02-28 EP EP01907928A patent/EP1259773B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-28 DE DE60103026T patent/DE60103026T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-28 AT AT01907928T patent/ATE265663T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-02-28 WO PCT/GB2001/000850 patent/WO2001065193A1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1012135A (en) * | 1963-02-20 | 1965-12-08 | Nat Res Dev | Heat exchanger |
GB2032611A (en) * | 1978-10-05 | 1980-05-08 | Fiat Ricerche | Heat exchanger |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3579401A (en) | 2001-09-12 |
ATE265663T1 (en) | 2004-05-15 |
WO2001065193A1 (en) | 2001-09-07 |
EP1259773B1 (en) | 2004-04-28 |
DE60103026T2 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
GB0004935D0 (en) | 2000-04-19 |
DE60103026D1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
EP1259773A1 (en) | 2002-11-27 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |