GB2350028A - Compression/decompression of ATM streams over WAN links - Google Patents
Compression/decompression of ATM streams over WAN links Download PDFInfo
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- GB2350028A GB2350028A GB9910755A GB9910755A GB2350028A GB 2350028 A GB2350028 A GB 2350028A GB 9910755 A GB9910755 A GB 9910755A GB 9910755 A GB9910755 A GB 9910755A GB 2350028 A GB2350028 A GB 2350028A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M7/00—Conversion of a code where information is represented by a given sequence or number of digits to a code where the same, similar or subset of information is represented by a different sequence or number of digits
- H03M7/30—Compression; Expansion; Suppression of unnecessary data, e.g. redundancy reduction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
Traffic sent over a WAN link in a LAN interconnection network using ATM as the backbone infrastructure is increased by compressing ATM streams transmitted over it. An ATM gateway 4 analyses the VPI/VCI (Virtual Path Identifier/Virtual Channel Identifier) field of cells received from other stations within the LAN and uses this field to index a compression information table (60, fig. 2). For a given VPI/VCI field, the table indicates whether or not cells should be compressed and, if so, which compression technique should be applied. During compression, cells having the same header are collected, the headers are removed and the compression applied to the payload only. The compressed stream is then partitioned into forty eight bytes and the original header attached ready for onward transmission over WAN links to the destination ATM gateway 6. Decompression (if required) is performed at the destination in a reverse manner.
Description
2350028
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention a device for compressing/ decompressing Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) streams on line is provided which effectively increases the bandwidth of a Wide Area Network (kAN) ATM link of a (Local Area Network) LAN interconnection network over, AN links.
Figure I illustrates the LAN interconnection network over WAN. Figure 2 illustrates a block diagram of an ATM stations containing out compression/ decompression device. Figure 3 illustrates the format of an ATM cell.
The particular advantages of this invention are that, the compression scheme understands ATM cell structures and adapts the payload technique depending on the cell header. In this way, each Virtual Circuit (VC) will rapidly acquire a compression context that suits its data. For example, traffic with a timing requirement and low compressibility (such as compressed video) will become transmitted without compression., whereas compressible files, such as web pages and wordprocessor documents will experience good compression.
So some VCs should be compressed, transmitted and then decompressed and some should be transmitted as they are. The relevant information is stored in Table 60 of Figure 2 of the compression/ decompression device. As a result whenever a new VC is set up the two ATM stations 4 and 6 of Figure I should know if it consists of compressible or uncompressible data. They then store that in their compressibility tables which describes which VCs are compressed and which not. These tables are indexed by the VPI/VCI bits.
Different compression schemes or variations of the same compression scheme, for the different compressible ATM VCs are also used. Each VC consists of all the cells with the same Virtual Private Identifier (VPI)/Virtual Circuit Identifier (VCI) bits. So each compression scheme or variation of the compression scheme used in the compression/ decompression phase is indexed by the VPI/VCI bits.
Also a timeout associated with each VC is defined which depends on the timing constrains of this VC.
If it is not possible to have different unique compression schemes or variations of the compression schemes for all the VCs a Least RecentlY use heuristic is used to determine the compression scheme or the variation of the compression scheme that should be associated with the new VC.
The exact operations performed by ATM stations 4 and 6 in the case that station 4 performs the compression and station 6 the decompression are the following:
An ATM cell enters the physical laver circuit of ATM station 4. Then table 60 of Figure 2 is accessed. If this VC consists of uncompressible data the cell is sent to the address resolution circuit as it is. Otherwise it is disassembled into the header and the payload, and the payload is compressed using the compression scheme indexed by the VPI/VCI bits of its header. The compressed payload is put into a ready queue indexed by the VPI/VCI bits together with the compressed payloads D_ of the other cells belonging to the same VC. Whenever forty eight compressed bytes are ready, or a timeout corresponding to this VC occurs a new cell with these bytes as payload and the original header is formed and sent to the address resolution circuit. In case of a timeout the remaining of the forty eight bytes of the payload are padded with zeros. Every cell sent to the address resolution circuit is then sent to the Physical Layer circuit and it is transmitted over the WAN link.
An ATM cell enters the physical laver circuit of ATM station. Then table 60 of Figure 2 is accessed. If this VC consists of uncompressible data the cell is sent to the address resolution circuit as it is. Otherwise it is disassembled into the header and the payload, and its payload is decompressed using the decompression scheme or the variation of the decompression scheme indexed by the VPI/VCI bits of the header The decompressed stream of bytes together with the bytes found in the ready queue indexed by the VPI/VCI bits is divided into forty eight bytes fields and in each one of them the original header is attached. The remaining bytes are stored in the ready queue indexed by the VPI/VCI bits. The newly formed cells are sent to the address resolution circuit. Every cell sent to the address resolution circuit is then sent to the Physical Layer circuit and it is transmitted over the LAN link.
3
Claims (15)
1. A device for compressing Asynchronous transfer mode data streams on an ATM station connected to both a local and a wide area network comprising a physical layer for making a physical connection to a medium connected to other ATM station, the physical layer driving the compressed ATM cell from an ATM station onto the medium in a serial fashion and receiving the bytes of the uncompressed ATM cell send by an ATM station from the medium in a serial fashion.
An ATM layer receiving the uncompressed ATM cells from the physical medium, determine if compression should be applied, if it should disassemble the uncompressed cells, compress the payload of the uncompressed cells, assemble the compressed ATM cells, perform the address resolution task and send them to the physical layer, if it shouldn't be applied perform the address resolution task and send them to the physical layer, the ATM layer including:
- Means for determining if compression should be applied based on a compressibility table which has one entry for each VPI/VCI field and states if a cell which has this VPI/VCI field in the header should be compressed or not.
- Compressibility table management means.
- Compression means for compressing the uncompressed payloads of the cells into a compressed byte stream - Disassemble the uncompressed ATM cells means separating the header and the payload of the uncompressed ATM cells - Assemble the compressed cells means for appending to the header of the corresponding uncompressed cell forty eight bytes of the compressed byte stream to generate the compressed ATM cells.
- address resolution means for determining a particular one or more of said receiving port addresses corresponding to said destination station address - Compression management means.
2. In the device of claim I wherein the compressibility table management means include, means for adding, deleting or altering any entry. that corresponds to any 3 VPI/VCI field for changing the compressibility of the cells that contain a certain VPI/VCI field in their header field.
4- 3. In the device of claim I wherein each ATM station includes, means for communicating with said compressibility table management means for communicating that said particular cells contain a VPI/VCI field in their header field should or should not be compressed.
4. In the device of claim I wherein the Compression means include, means for compressing the streams in a lossless way.
means for using different techniques for compressing the cells that contain different VPI/VCI field in their headers 5. In the device of claim I wherein the compression management means include, means for communicating with decompression management means and compression management means of said ATM stations for communicating that said particular cells contain a said VPI/VCI field in their header field should be compressed with a particular compression scheme or a particular variation of a compression scheme and used a particular timeout value.
6. A device for decompressing Asynchronous transfer mode data streams on an ATM station connected to both a local area network and a wide area network comprising a physical layer for making a physical connection to a medium connected to other ATM stations, the physical layer driving the compressed ATM cell from the medium to an ATM station in a serial fashion and sending the bytes of the uncompressed ATM cells to an ATM station through the medium in a serial fashion.
An ATM layer receiving the compressed ATM cells from the physical medium, disassemble the compressed cells, decompress the payload of the compressed cells, assemble the uncompressed ATM cells, perform the address resolution task and send them to the physical layer, the ATM layer including:
- Means for determining if decompression should be applied based on a compressibility table which has one entry for each VPI/VCI field and states if a cell which has this VPI/VCI field in the header should be decompressed or not.
- Compressibility table management means.
- Decompression means for decompressing the compressed payload of the cells into an uncompressed byte stream - Disassemble the compressed ATM cells means separating the header and the payload of the compressed ATM cell - Assemble the uncompressed cells means for appending to the header of the corresponding compressed cell forly eight bytes of the uncompressed byte stream to generate the uncompressed ATM cells.
- address resolution means for determining a particular one or more of said receiving port addresses corresponding to said destination station address 7. In the device of claim 6 wherein the compressibility table management means include, means for adding, deleting or altering any entry that corresponds to any VPI/VCI field for changing the compressibility of the cells that contain a certain VPI/VCI field in their header field.
8. In the device of claim 6 wherein each ATM station includes, means for communicating with said compressibility table management means for communicating that said particular cells contain a VPI/VCI field in their header field should or should not be decompressed.
9. In the device of claim 6 wherein the decompression means include, means for decompressing the streams in a lossless way.
means for using different techniques for decompressing the cells that contain different VPI/VCI field in their headers and under a particular timeout.
10. In the device of claim 6 wherein the decompression management means include, means for communicating with compression management means and decompression management means of said ATM stations for communicating that said particular cells contain a said VPI/VCI field in their header field should be decompressed with a particular decompression scheme or a particular variation of a decompression scheme, and use a particular timeout value.
11. A device which includes a plurality of devices of claim 1 and a plurality of devices of claim 6.
12. For a communication system including a plurality of devices of claim 1 and a plurality of devices of claim 6 13. For a communication system including a pluralit3, of devices of claim I and a plurality of devices of claim 11 c 14. For a communication system including a plurality of' devices of claim 11 and a pluralitly of devices of claim 6 15. For a communication system including a plurality of devices of claim 11 Amendments to the claims have been filed as follows CLAIMS I claim 1. A device for compressing Asynchronous transfer mode data streams on an ATM station connected to both a local and a wide area network comprising 0 a physical layer for making a physical connection to a medium connected to other ATM stations, the physical layer driving the compressed ATM cells from an ATM station onto the medium in a serial fashion and receiving the bytes of the uncompressed ATM cells sent by an ATM station from the medium in a serial fashion, 0 an ATM layer receiving the uncompressed ATM cells from the physical medium, determine if compression should be applied, if it should disassemble the uncompressed cells, compress the payload of the uncompressed cells, assemble the compressed ATM cells, perform the address resolution task and send them to the physical layer, if it shouldn't be applied perform the address resolution task and send them to the physical layer, the ATM layer including:
- means for determining if compression should be applied based on a compressibility table which has one entry for each VPI/VCI field and states if a cell which has this VPI/VCI field in the header should be compressed or not, - compressibility table management means, - Compression means for compressing the uncompressed payloads of the cells into a compressed byte stream, - disassemble the uncompressed ATM cells means separating the header and the payload of the uncompressed ATM cells, assemble the compressed cells means for appending to the header of the corresponding uncompressed cell forty eight bytes of the compressed byte stream to generate the compressed ATM cells, - address resolution means for determining one or more receiving port addresses corresponding to a destination station address, - Compression management means.
2. In the device of claim 1 wherein the compressibility table management means include, means for adding, deleting or altering any entry that corresponds to an-% VPI/VCI field for changing the compressibility of the cells that contain a certain VPI/VCI field in their header field.
3. In the device of claim 1 wherein each ATM station includes, IL means for communicating with said compressibility tab le management means for communicating that said particular cells contain a VPI/N7CI field in their header field should or should not be compressed.
4. In the device of claim 1 wherein the Compression means include, means for compressing the streams in a lossless way, means for using different techniques for compressing the cells that contain different VPI/VCI field in their headers.
5. In the device of claim 1 wherein the compression management means include, means for communicating with decompression management means and compression management means of said ATM stations for communicating that said particular cells contain a said VPI/VCI field in their header field should be compressed with a particular compression scheme or a particular variation of a compression scheme and used a particular timeout value.
6. A device for decompressing Asynchronous transfer mode data streams on an ATM station connected to both a local area network and a wide area network comprising a physical layer for making a physical connection to a medium connected to other ATM stations, the physical layer driving the compressed ATM cells from the medium to an ATM station in a serial fashion and sending the bytes of the uncompressed ATM cells to an ATM station through the medium in a serial fashion, an ATM layer receiving the compressed ATM cells from the physical medium, disassemble the compressed cells, decompress the payload of the compressed cells, assemble the uncompressed ATM cells, perform the address resolution task and send them to the physical layer, the ATM layer including:
- means for determining if decompression should be applied based on a compressibility table which has one entry for each VPI/VCI field and states if a cell which has this VPI/VCI field in the header should be decompressed or not, - compressibility table management means, decompression means for decompressing the compressed payload of the cells into an uncompressed byte stream, - disassemble the compressed ATM cells means separating the header and the payload of the compressed ATM cell, assemble the uncompressed cells means for appending to the header of the corresponding compressed cell forty eight bytes of the uncompressed byte stream to generate the uncompressed ATM cells, - address resolution means for determining one or more receiving port addresses corresponding to a destination station address.
7. In the device of claim 6 wherein the compressibility table management means include, means for adding, deleting or altering any entry that corresponds to any VPI/VCI field for changing the compressibility of the cells that contain a certain VPI/VCI field in their header field.
8. In the device of claim 6 wherein each ATM station includes, means for communicating with said compressibility table management means for communicating that said particular cells contain a VPI/VCI field in their header field should or should not be decompressed.
9. In the device of claim 6 wherein the decompression means include, 9 means for decompressing the streams in a lossless way, 4, means for using different techniques for decompressing the cells that contain different VPI/VCI field in their headers and under a particular timeout.
10. In the device of claim 6 wherein the decompression management means include, means for communicating with compression management means and decompression management means of said ATM stations for communicating that said particular cells contain a said VPI/VCI field in their header field should be decompressed with a particular decompression scheme or a particular variation of a decompression scheme, and use a particular timeout value.
11. A device which includes a plurality of devices of claim I and a plurality of devices of claim 6.
12. For a communication system including a plurality of devices of claim 1 and a plurality of devices of claim 6.
13. For a communication system including a plurality of devices of claim 1 and a plurality of devices of claim 11.
14. For a communication system including a plurality of devices of claim 11 and a plurality of devices of claim 6.
1
15. For a communication system including a plurality of devices of claim 11.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9910755A GB2350028B (en) | 1999-05-11 | 1999-05-11 | On-line compression/decompression of ATM streams over the wan links in a lan interconnection network over wan |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9910755A GB2350028B (en) | 1999-05-11 | 1999-05-11 | On-line compression/decompression of ATM streams over the wan links in a lan interconnection network over wan |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9910755D0 GB9910755D0 (en) | 1999-07-07 |
| GB2350028A true GB2350028A (en) | 2000-11-15 |
| GB2350028B GB2350028B (en) | 2001-05-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9910755A Expired - Fee Related GB2350028B (en) | 1999-05-11 | 1999-05-11 | On-line compression/decompression of ATM streams over the wan links in a lan interconnection network over wan |
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| GB (1) | GB2350028B (en) |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160088083A1 (en) * | 2014-09-21 | 2016-03-24 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Performance monitoring and troubleshooting in a storage area network environment |
| US10404596B2 (en) | 2017-10-03 | 2019-09-03 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Dynamic route profile storage in a hardware trie routing table |
| US10545914B2 (en) | 2017-01-17 | 2020-01-28 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Distributed object storage |
| US10585830B2 (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2020-03-10 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Policy-driven storage in a microserver computing environment |
| US10664169B2 (en) | 2016-06-24 | 2020-05-26 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Performance of object storage system by reconfiguring storage devices based on latency that includes identifying a number of fragments that has a particular storage device as its primary storage device and another number of fragments that has said particular storage device as its replica storage device |
| US10671289B2 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2020-06-02 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Tenant-level sharding of disks with tenant-specific storage modules to enable policies per tenant in a distributed storage system |
| US10778765B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2020-09-15 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Bid/ask protocol in scale-out NVMe storage |
| US10826829B2 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2020-11-03 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Scalable handling of BGP route information in VXLAN with EVPN control plane |
| US10872056B2 (en) | 2016-06-06 | 2020-12-22 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Remote memory access using memory mapped addressing among multiple compute nodes |
| US10942666B2 (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2021-03-09 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Using network device replication in distributed storage clusters |
| US11055159B2 (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2021-07-06 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for self-healing of application centric infrastructure fabric memory |
| US11252067B2 (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2022-02-15 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Techniques for using frame deep loopback capabilities for extended link diagnostics in fibre channel storage area networks |
| US11563695B2 (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2023-01-24 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Queue protection using a shared global memory reserve |
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| GB2271252A (en) * | 1992-10-03 | 1994-04-06 | Ibm | Data compression in a computer workstation |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160088083A1 (en) * | 2014-09-21 | 2016-03-24 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Performance monitoring and troubleshooting in a storage area network environment |
| US10826829B2 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2020-11-03 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Scalable handling of BGP route information in VXLAN with EVPN control plane |
| US11354039B2 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2022-06-07 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Tenant-level sharding of disks with tenant-specific storage modules to enable policies per tenant in a distributed storage system |
| US10671289B2 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2020-06-02 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Tenant-level sharding of disks with tenant-specific storage modules to enable policies per tenant in a distributed storage system |
| US11588783B2 (en) | 2015-06-10 | 2023-02-21 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Techniques for implementing IPV6-based distributed storage space |
| US10778765B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2020-09-15 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Bid/ask protocol in scale-out NVMe storage |
| US10949370B2 (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2021-03-16 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Policy-driven storage in a microserver computing environment |
| US10585830B2 (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2020-03-10 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Policy-driven storage in a microserver computing environment |
| US10872056B2 (en) | 2016-06-06 | 2020-12-22 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Remote memory access using memory mapped addressing among multiple compute nodes |
| US10664169B2 (en) | 2016-06-24 | 2020-05-26 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Performance of object storage system by reconfiguring storage devices based on latency that includes identifying a number of fragments that has a particular storage device as its primary storage device and another number of fragments that has said particular storage device as its replica storage device |
| US11563695B2 (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2023-01-24 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Queue protection using a shared global memory reserve |
| US10545914B2 (en) | 2017-01-17 | 2020-01-28 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Distributed object storage |
| US11252067B2 (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2022-02-15 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Techniques for using frame deep loopback capabilities for extended link diagnostics in fibre channel storage area networks |
| US11055159B2 (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2021-07-06 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for self-healing of application centric infrastructure fabric memory |
| US10999199B2 (en) | 2017-10-03 | 2021-05-04 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Dynamic route profile storage in a hardware trie routing table |
| US11570105B2 (en) | 2017-10-03 | 2023-01-31 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Dynamic route profile storage in a hardware trie routing table |
| US10404596B2 (en) | 2017-10-03 | 2019-09-03 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Dynamic route profile storage in a hardware trie routing table |
| US10942666B2 (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2021-03-09 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Using network device replication in distributed storage clusters |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9910755D0 (en) | 1999-07-07 |
| GB2350028B (en) | 2001-05-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20030511 |