GB2331320A - A covering device for a vehicle part, comprising two roller mounted panels that are mechanically coupled together - Google Patents
A covering device for a vehicle part, comprising two roller mounted panels that are mechanically coupled together Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2331320A GB2331320A GB9824198A GB9824198A GB2331320A GB 2331320 A GB2331320 A GB 2331320A GB 9824198 A GB9824198 A GB 9824198A GB 9824198 A GB9824198 A GB 9824198A GB 2331320 A GB2331320 A GB 2331320A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- roller
- covering device
- winding
- blind
- panels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J7/00—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs
- B60J7/0007—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs moveable head-liners, screens, curtains or blinds for ceilings
- B60J7/0015—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs moveable head-liners, screens, curtains or blinds for ceilings roller blind
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)
Abstract
A covering device for a transparent vehicle part includes two roller-blind panels 24, 26 which can be wound onto or unwound from a winder 28 in opposite directions in order to at least partly cover or expose the transparent vehicle part. The roller-blind panels 24, 26 are mechanically coupled in such a manner that the winding or unwinding movement of one roller-blind panel 24 leads to a corresponding winding or unding movement of the other panel 26. This coupling may take the form of a deflected cable 40, a V-shaped lever or a spring mechanism.
Description
1 COVERING DEVICE 2331320 The present invention relates to a covering
device for a transparent vehicle part.
A generic covering device of this kind is known from DE-A-3417983, in which a separate winding roller is provided for each of two roller-blind panels. The winding rollers are arranged adjacent and parallel to one another lo in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and are situated between the free ends of the roller-blind panels. The roller-blind panels can be wound or unwound in the transverse direction of the vehicle and are intended to cover a translucent cover of a sun roof, one roller-blind is panel being intended for manual actuation by the driver and the other roller-blind panel being intended for manual actuation by the front seat passenger.
Another generic covering device is known from DE-U-29607209, in which two winding rollers are provided and are mounted parallel to one another at opposite ends of a frame, the free ends of the roller-blind panels being situated between the winding rollers. The free ends of the roller-blind panels can be connected together in the unwound state.
Numerous covering devices with one individual rollerblind panel with one winding roller (e.g. DE-C-19534288, DE-C-4424188) or two winding rollers (DE-C-19538551) are also known.
1 2 A disadvantage of known covering devices of this kind is that only a relatively small surface area can be covered when they are operated by only one person from one point.
is An object of the present invention is to provide a covering device for a transparent vehicle part which overcomes this disadvantage and is simple and costeffective.
According to the present invention, there is provided a covering device for at least one transparent vehicle part, the covering device comprising two roller-blind panels which can be wound onto or unwound from a winder in opposite directions in order to at least partly cover or expose the transparent vehicle part, the roller-blind panels being mechanically coupled such that the winding or unwinding movement of at least one roller-blind panel leads to a corresponding winding or unwinding movement of the other roller-blind panel.
The covering device can cover or expose a large surface area with manual actuation by one single person from one position.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the winder includes one common winding roller for both roller-blind panels fixedly mounted on the vehicle. This has the advantage that it requires little space and is a particularly simple embodiment.
3 In an alternative embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the winder includes a separate winding roller for each roller-blind panel. The winding rollers are advantageously fixedly mounted on the vehicle in this s connection.
In the preferred embodiment, it is provided that the two roller-blind panels are coupled together by means of at least one deflected cable, the free ends of the rollerblind panels each being connected to opposing strands of the cable. This constitutes particularly simple coupling.
The roller-blind panels may be coupled together by means of at least one V-shape lever mechanism having two is levers which are hinged together at one end and the other end of which is hinged onto the free end of the rollerblind panels, the hinge point between the two levers being guided transversely to the winding or unwinding direction.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a top view of a first embodiment of a covering device according to the invention; Figure 2 is a side view of the covering device of Figure 1; 4 Figures 3 and 4 are views corresponding to Figures 1 and 2 respectively of a second embodiment of the covering device; Figures 5 and 6 are views corresponding to Figures 1 and 2 respectively of a third embodiment of the covering device; Figures 7 and 8 are views corresponding to Figures 1 io and 2 respectively of a fourth embodiment of the covering device; and, Figures 9 to 12 are diagrammatic side views of further embodiments of the invention.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a roller-blind device 22 is arranged below a translucent cover 20 of a vehicle roof (e.g. a sliding roof or a sliding tilting roof). The roller-blind device 22 has two roller-blind panels 24,26 which can jointly be wound onto or unwound from a winding roller 28 fixedly mounted on the roof approximately in the centre of the cover 20 in the transverse direction of the vehicle in such a manner that the roller-blind panels 24,26 are situated congruently one on top of the other in the wound-up state. The winding roller 28 is preloaded in the winding direction in a known manner, e.g. by means of a spiral spring (not shown). The rear roller-blind panel 26 (on the right in the drawings) is guided towards the rear via a deflection element 30 arranged in the vicinity of the winding roller 28. The free ends 32,34 of the roller-blind panels 24,26 are respectively connected at either side to opposing strands 36,38 of a cable 40 arranged on either side of the roller-blind panels 24,26. The cables 40 are each deflected at the rear end of the roller-blind device 22 via a respective deflection roller 42 fixedly mounted on s the roof. A handle 44 is mounted on the free end 32 of the front roller-blind panel 24.
If the driver or front seat passenger of the vehicle wishes to have protection against sunlight, he or she grips io the handle 44 and then moves the free end 32 of the front roller-blind panel 24 towards the front against the preloading of the winding roller 28 by means of the handle (see the intermediate position indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 1) until the front roller-blind panel 24 is finally completely unwound from the winding roller 28 (into the position indicated by the solid lines in Figures 1 and 2). The strand 36 of the cables 40 connected to the free end 32 of the front roller-blind panel 24 is therefore moved towards the front, as a result of which the free end 34 of the rear roller-blind panel 26 is moved in the opposite direction towards the rear via the deflection rollers 42. The free end 32 of the roller-blind panel 24 is locked in a manner known per se in the covering position and is also optionally lockable in intermediate positions.
In order to release the cover 20 again, the driver/ front seat passenger unlocks the free end 32 of the rollerblind panel 24 and the two rollerblind panels 24, 26 are then wound automatically onto the winding roller 28 as a result of the preloading of the winding roller 28.
6 In a modified embodiment (not shown), the cable 40 can be enclosed. Furthermore, two deflection rollers corresponding to the deflection rollers 42 can be additionally provided at the front end of the rollerblind s device. In this symmetrical variant, manual actuation of the rear roller-blind panel 26 again leads to a corresponding movement of the front roller-blind panel 24, as a result of which the front free end 32 or the rear free end 34 can be actuated as required.
In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4, a V-shape lever mechanism 50 is provided instead of the cables 40. The mechanism 50 includes two levers 52,54 which are connected together at one end by means of a hinge joint 56 is and are hinged at their other ends 58 onto the free end 32,34 of the front roller-blind panel 24 or rear rollerblind panel 26 respectively. The hinge joint 56 is guided in a guide rail 60 in the region of the winding roller 28 in a direction transverse to the unwinding/winding direction. A compression spring 62 preloads the two levers 52,54 into an open, i.e. elongate position.
If the front free end 32 is moved towards the front from the position indicated by the dotted lines in Figures 2s 3 and 4 against the preloading of the winding roller 28, the lever mechanism 50 is expanded by means of the force applied to the front end 58 of the front lever 52 and the hinge joint 56 moves towards the bottom in Figure 3. The rear end 58 of the rear lever 54 and thus the free end 34 of the rear roller-blind panel 26 therefore move to the rear, assisted by the preloading force of the spring 62.
7 The preloading force of the winding roller 28 is stronger than that of the lever mechanism 50, as a result of which the roller-blind panels 24 and 26 are wound automatically onto the winding roller 28 when the free end s 32 of the front roller-blind panel 24 is released.
It will be noted that this embodiment is symmetrical, as a result of which the front roller-blind panel 24 or the rear roller-blind panel 26 can be actuated as required or io as convenient.
In the embodiment according to Figures 5 and 6, a similar V-shape lever mechanism 70, which includes two levers 72,74 connected together at one end by means of a hinge joint 76, is provided instead of the lever mechanism 50. The left end 78 of the left lever 72 shown in the drawings is fixedly hinged onto the roof approximately in the centre of the roller-blind device 22 (in the transverse direction of the vehicle) in the vicinity of the winding roller 28. The right end 80 of the right lever 74 shown in the drawings is hinged to the rear roller-blind panel 26 approximately in the centre of the free end 34 of the rear roller-blind panel 26. A compression spring 82 preloads both levers 72, 74 into an open, i.e. elongate position.
This preloading force is weaker than the preloading force of the winding roller 28.
If the front free end 32 is moved towards the front from the position indicated by the dotted lines in Figures 5 and 6 against the preloading of the winding roller 28, the rear roller-blind panel 26 is unwound from the winding 8 roller 28 and the lever mechanism 70 expands into an elongate position as a result of the preloading force of the spring 82. The free end 34 of the rear roller-blind panel 26 is thus moved towards the rear. When the front s free end 32 is released, the rear roller-blind panel 26 is wound on automatically against the preloading of the lever mechanism 70 as a result of the stronger preloading of the winding roller 28.
is In the embodiment shown in Figures 7 and 8, the function of the lever mechanism 70 is taken over by a spring mechanism 90 formed by two springs 92, 94. The springs 92, 94 are fixedly mounted on the roof via their right ends and on the free end 34 of the rear roller-blind panel 26 via their left ends. The preloading force of the spring mechanism 90 is weaker than the preloading force of the winding roller 28, thereby ensuring automatic winding of the rear roller-blind panel 26.
Figures 9 to 12 are diagrammatic views of embodiments in which separate winding rollers 128,130 are respectively provided for each roller-blind panel 24, 26 instead of one common winding roller. The arrows indicate the respective movements during the unwinding of the rollerblind panels 2s 24, 26.
In the embodiment shown in Figures 9 and 10, the two winding rollers 128, 130 are fixedly mounted on the roof, while the free ends 32 and 34 of the front roller-blind panel 24 and the rear roller-blind panel 26 respectively are coupled together by means of a coupling mechanism 150 9 (dotted lines) as in the embodiments according to Figures 1 to 4, in such a manner that a movement of one free end (e.g. free end 32) leads to a corresponding movement of the other free end (free end 34). The coupling mechanism can be in the form of an open cable as in Figures 1 and 2 or an enclosed cable (discussed above) or a lever mechanism according to Figures 3 and 4. In the last two cases, the coupling mechanism is symmetrical, as a result of which the front free end 24 or the rear free end 26 can be actuated lo as required. The embodiments according to Figures 9 and 10 differ from one another in that, in Figure 9, the winding rollers 128, 130 are arranged between the free ends 32, 34, whereas, in Figure 10, the free ends 32, 34 are arranged between the winding rollers 128, 130. The winding rollers 128, 130 are preloaded in a similar manner to the winding roller 28 by means of a spring arrangement, thereby ensuring automatic winding of the roller-blind panels 24, 26 when the free ends 32 or 34 are released.
Figures 11 and 12 show embodiments which are similar to Figures 9 and 10, except that the ends 32, 34 of the roller-blind panels 24, 26 remote from the winding rollers 128, 130 are fixedly mounted on the roof and instead the winding rollers 128, 130 are mounted so that they can be 2s displaced in the longitudinal direction of the roof. In this case, the winding rollers 128, 130 instead of the ends 32, 34 of the roller-blind panels are coupled by means of the coupling mechanism 150, as a result of which a movement of one winding roller (e.g. 128) leads to a corresponding movement of the other winding roller (130). The coupling mechanism 150 can be designed as in the embodiments shown in Figures 9 and 10 and discussed above.
An embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the particular examples illustrated in the drawings. However, it will be s appreciated that variations and modifications may be made to the examples described within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
11 CLAIMS
1. A covering device for at least one transparent vehicle part, the covering device comprising two roller-blind panels which can be wound onto or unwound from a winder in opposite directions in order to at least partly cover or expose the transparent vehicle part, the roller-blind panels being mechanically coupled such that the winding or unwinding movement of at least one roller-blind panel leads lo to a corresponding winding or unwinding movement of the other roller- blind panel.
2. A covering device according to claim 1, wherein the winder includes one common winding roller for both roller- blind panels fixedly mounted on the vehicle.
3. A covering device according to claim 2, wherein the two roller-blind panels are situated congruently one on top of the other in the wound-up state.
4. A covering device according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein one rollerblind panel is guided via a deflection element arranged parallel to the winding roller.
5. A covering device according to claim 1, wherein the winder includes a separate winding roller for each rollerblind panel.
12 6. A covering device according to claim 5, wherein the winding rollers are fixedly mounted on the vehicle between the free ends of the rollerblind panels.
s 7. A covering device according to claim 5, wherein the winding rollers are fixedly mounted on the vehicle and the free ends of the roller-blind panels are arranged between the winding rollers.
8. A covering device according to claim 5, wherein the winding rollers are arranged so that they can be displaced relative to one another, the free ends of the roller-blind panels being arranged between the winding rollers.
is 9. A covering device according to claim 5, wherein the winding rollers are arranged so that they can be displaced relative to one another, the winding rollers being arranged between the free ends of the roller-blind panels.
10. A covering device according to claim 8 or claim 9, wherein the two roller-blind panels are coupled together by means of at least one deflected cable, the winding rollers each being connected to opposing strands of the cable.
11. A covering device according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the two roller-blind panels are coupled together by means of at least one deflected cable, the free ends of the roller-blind panels each being connected to opposing strands of the cable.
13 12. A covering device according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the roller-blind panels are coupled together by means of at least one V-shape lever mechanism having two levers which are hinged together at one end and the other end of each of which is hinged to the free end of a respective one of the roller-blind panels, the hinge point between the two levers being guided transversely to the winding or unwinding direction of the roller-blind panels.
13. A covering device according to claim 12, wherein the lever mechanism is biased to an elongate configuration.
14. A covering device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the or each winding roller is biased to the winding position.
15. A covering device according to any of claims 2 to 4, comprising at least one V-shape lever mechanism including two levers which are hinged together at one end, the other end of one lever being hinged onto the free end of one of the roller- blind panels, the other end of the other lever being fixedly hinged to the vehicle, the lever mechanism being biased to an elongate configuration, the winding roller being biased to the wound-up position, the biasing force on the winding roller exceeding that on the lever mechanism.
16. A covering device according to any of claims 2 to 4, wherein the free end of one roller-blind panel is connected to a spring mechanism which is fixedly mounted on the vehicle and biases said one roller-blind panel into the 14 covering position, the winding roller being biased to the wound-up position, the biasing force of the winding roller exceeding that of the spring mechanism.
s 17. A covering device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the device is arranged for manual actuation.
18. A vehicle, comprising a translucent cover in the lo vehicle roof, and a covering device according to any of claims 1 to 17 selectively operable to at least partly cover or expose the translucent cover.
19. A vehicle according to claim 18, wherein the roller is blind panels are arranged to be wound and unwound in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
20. A covering device for a transparent vehicle part, substantially in accordance with any of the examples as hereinbefore described'with reference to and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1997150713 DE19750713C1 (en) | 1997-11-15 | 1997-11-15 | Cover for roof of motor vehicle |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB9824198D0 GB9824198D0 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
GB2331320A true GB2331320A (en) | 1999-05-19 |
GB2331320B GB2331320B (en) | 2002-03-27 |
Family
ID=7848871
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB9824198A Expired - Fee Related GB2331320B (en) | 1997-11-15 | 1998-11-04 | Covering device |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE19750713C1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2331320B (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002070854A1 (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-09-12 | Issam Abouloukme | Retractable self rolling blind awning or cover apparatus |
WO2004011760A1 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-02-05 | Issam Abouloukme | Retractable self rolling blind, awning or cover apparatus |
AU2003281722B2 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-11-04 | Issam Abouloukme | Retractable self rolling blind, awning or cover apparatus |
WO2009006675A1 (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2009-01-15 | Issam Abouloukme | A blind or screen using a self retracting rolling device extended laterally |
NL1039248C2 (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-24 | Dennis Martinus Hurkmans | ROLL-UP SCREEN DEVICE TO PROTECT CROPS AGAINST WEATHER INFLUENCES. |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19844779C1 (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 1999-11-04 | Webasto Karosseriesysteme | Cover arrangement for opening in vehicle roof |
DE10019664C2 (en) * | 2000-04-19 | 2003-05-28 | Webasto Vehicle Sys Int Gmbh | Vehicle roof with a transparent roof section and a sun protection device |
DE10124100C1 (en) | 2001-05-14 | 2002-12-05 | Webasto Vehicle Sys Int Gmbh | Roller blind device for a transparent roof element |
DE10206161B4 (en) * | 2002-02-14 | 2005-06-02 | Webasto Ag | Openable vehicle roof with at least one lid and two covering devices |
DE10215678B4 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2005-10-06 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Shading device for a pane |
DE10244156A1 (en) | 2002-09-23 | 2004-04-01 | Arvinmeritor Gmbh | Sun protection for a motor vehicle |
DE10256599A1 (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2004-06-17 | Arvinmeritor Gmbh | Roller blind system, in particular for a motor vehicle |
DE10256929A1 (en) | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-24 | Arvinmeritor Gmbh | Roller blind system, especially for a sun roof |
DE202004016624U1 (en) | 2004-10-27 | 2005-03-24 | Webasto Ag Fahrzeugtechnik | Roller blind structure for a motor vehicle has two roller blind strips fitted alongside each other, pulling hoops and a pre-tensioned common winder tube |
DE102005030843B4 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2009-08-06 | Webasto Ag | Roller blind arrangement with improved roller guide |
DE102006038538A1 (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2008-02-21 | Webasto Ag | Roller blind arrangement for a vehicle roof |
DE202007004175U1 (en) * | 2007-03-19 | 2008-07-31 | Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Hallstadt | vehicle blind |
FR2926495B1 (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2010-03-26 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | DEVICE FOR OCCULATING A PANORAMIC WINDOW OF A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH A CURRENT VOLTAGE MECHANISM |
FR2955803B1 (en) * | 2010-02-02 | 2012-12-21 | Acs France Sas | OCCULTATION DEVICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH ACTUAL ACTUATION AND CORRESPONDING MOTOR VEHICLE. |
DE102019207420A1 (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2020-11-26 | Magna Car Top Systems Gmbh | Shading system for a transparent roof surface of a vehicle |
CN111559235A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-21 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | Double-spring type skylight sunshade curtain reel |
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WO1993018270A1 (en) * | 1992-03-11 | 1993-09-16 | V. Kann Rasmussen Industri A/S | A roller blind, particularly for use as blackout shade |
US5653278A (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1997-08-05 | Cheng; Po-Wen | Automobile front and rear windshield sunshade device |
US5685354A (en) * | 1995-11-13 | 1997-11-11 | Sugil Kim | Automatically retractable sun shade assembly |
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DE8414807U1 (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1985-01-31 | Farmont Produktion Gmbh & Co Kg, 4000 Duesseldorf | SUNROOF FOR VEHICLES WITH RADIATION PROTECTION |
DE4424188C1 (en) * | 1994-07-08 | 1995-12-21 | Daimler Benz Ag | Roller blind device to cover transparent roof of car |
DE19534288C1 (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1996-10-31 | Webasto Karosseriesysteme | Sunblind for sunroof on vehicle |
DE19538551C1 (en) * | 1995-10-17 | 1996-10-24 | Webasto Systemkomponenten Gmbh | Sun screen for motor vehicle sun-roof |
DE29607209U1 (en) * | 1996-04-20 | 1996-07-11 | MHZ Hachtel GmbH & Co KG, 70771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen | Roller blind for window and door openings, in particular for vehicle roof openings |
-
1997
- 1997-11-15 DE DE1997150713 patent/DE19750713C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-11-04 GB GB9824198A patent/GB2331320B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4874026A (en) * | 1988-04-04 | 1989-10-17 | Dayer Worrall | Vehicle window screen assembly |
WO1993018270A1 (en) * | 1992-03-11 | 1993-09-16 | V. Kann Rasmussen Industri A/S | A roller blind, particularly for use as blackout shade |
US5685354A (en) * | 1995-11-13 | 1997-11-11 | Sugil Kim | Automatically retractable sun shade assembly |
US5653278A (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1997-08-05 | Cheng; Po-Wen | Automobile front and rear windshield sunshade device |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002070854A1 (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-09-12 | Issam Abouloukme | Retractable self rolling blind awning or cover apparatus |
WO2004011760A1 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-02-05 | Issam Abouloukme | Retractable self rolling blind, awning or cover apparatus |
AU2003281722B2 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-11-04 | Issam Abouloukme | Retractable self rolling blind, awning or cover apparatus |
WO2009006675A1 (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2009-01-15 | Issam Abouloukme | A blind or screen using a self retracting rolling device extended laterally |
NL1039248C2 (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-24 | Dennis Martinus Hurkmans | ROLL-UP SCREEN DEVICE TO PROTECT CROPS AGAINST WEATHER INFLUENCES. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19750713C1 (en) | 1998-12-17 |
GB9824198D0 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
GB2331320B (en) | 2002-03-27 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20141104 |