GB2264507A - Electron beam overflow melting arrangement - Google Patents
Electron beam overflow melting arrangement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2264507A GB2264507A GB9223489A GB9223489A GB2264507A GB 2264507 A GB2264507 A GB 2264507A GB 9223489 A GB9223489 A GB 9223489A GB 9223489 A GB9223489 A GB 9223489A GB 2264507 A GB2264507 A GB 2264507A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- melt
- slag
- barrier
- trough
- overflow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/006—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with use of an inert protective material including the use of an inert gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/22—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
- C22B9/228—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation by particle radiation, e.g. electron beams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/14—Charging or discharging liquid or molten material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/008—Continuous casting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
- F27D2099/003—Bombardment heating, e.g. with ions or electrons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D21/0035—Devices for monitoring the weight of quantities added to the charge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
- F27D3/1545—Equipment for removing or retaining slag
- F27D3/159—Equipment for removing or retaining slag for retaining slag during the pouring of the metal or retaining metal during the pouring of the slag
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
- F27D5/0062—Shields for the charge
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
2 422- 6 4 5 0 7 1 1 Electron Beam Overflow Melting Arrangement
Specification
The invention relates to an electron beam. overflow melting arrangement according to the preamble of Patent Claim 1 as well as a process for the production of a high purity metal or a metal allay.
In electron bean overflow melting a block of a given material.. for example a super allay or a titanium alloy, is progressively melted off by means of an elect= bean or by means of several electron beams. Miematerial which has been melted off falls hereupon into a trough having an overflow. When the level of the melted material reaches the overflow of the trough, it flows into a chill mould or into another device for further treatment.
Since the c=Wnents of an allay often have different vaporization temperatures, it can occur that same corponents vaporize from the melt of the trough. Hereby the properties of an alloy can be changed considerably. For example, in a nickel-ahramium alloy with a chromium content of 30% at a mean bath temperature of 17000 C approximately 30% of the chromium content can be lost.
In order to prevent this negative effect of unintentional vaporization, it is already known to provide a protective layer of slag above the melt disposed in the trouah (DE-A-3 827 074). The slag represents herein not only a blockage for the escape of allay components but also serves for the purpose of freeing the liquid metal or the metal alloy of oxides, sulfides, and other impurities. So that the slag does not flow off together with the melt into a chill mould, a water-cooled barrier is provided which retains the slag in the trough.
Two factors have been found to be of disadvantage in the known 2 arrangement: for one,, a layer of slag applied once does not suffice to carry out a refining process aver a relatively long period of time, for another, a rigidly disposed ingot is not suitable for adaption to different melt goods, slags, and melting rates.
The invention is therefore based on the task of creating an arrangement with which it is possible to carry out an electron beam melting process over a relatively long period of tim and with variable parameters.
Claims (1)
- This task is solved according to the features of Patent Claim 1.The advantage achieved with the invention rises in particular that the melted material remains covered with a continuous covering of slag over the entire period of the process so that no allay elements can escape. The slag loss which occurs with the vaporization due to the electron beam inpinging m the slag or due to the slag portions iupinging on the edge of the trough are continuously replaced. Therein the feeding of new slag takes place in such a way that a given thickness of the slag layer is maintained. So that the slag does not flow off with the. overflowing melted material, a barrier known per se is provided which is vertically displaceable so that it can be adapted to the particular materials and their rate of flow.An embodiment mmirple of the invention is depicted in the drawing and will be described in the following in greater detail.The Figure shows a vac= melt chmrber 1 onto which an elect= beam gun 2 is flanged with whose electron pencil beam 3 the end of an ingot of metal or a metal alloy is melted off. The malted-off material falls into a watercooled ccpper trough 5 and form there a melt 6 whose level rises increasingly higher until it reaches an overflow 7 of the trough 5 from where it arrives in a cooled chill mould 8. There the melt solidifies to form an ingot 9. On the melt 6 is provided a layer 10 of liquid slag which is hindered by a vertical barrier 11 E flowing with the melt 6 into the chill mould 8. In addition to this upper barrier 11 a lower barrier 12 is also provided at the bottcm of the ccpper trough 5.The upper barrier 11 is vertically displaceable by means of a drive 13 disposed on a carrier 14. This can be realized for exairple thereby that the drive 13 runs on rails (nat shown) of the carrier 14.Above the trough 5 is disposed the end of a pipe 15 frcmn which slag granulate 16 is placed onto the surface of the melt 6. This pipe can be 1 3 swivelled vertically about an axle 17. Uhis axle 17, in turn, rests in a shaft (not shown) which is supported rotatably in a carrier IS so that the pipe 15 is also horizontally rotatable. Into the pipe 15 projects the end 19 of a vibrating spiral conveyor device 20 which is made to vibrate by a drive (not sham) in such a way that bulk material which is placed below on the conveyor device 20 arrives at the upper end of the conveyor device 20 through pulse impacts. By 21 is denoted a feed funnel for slag granulate containing as much granulate as is required for a relatively long refining process.rihe copper trough 5 rests on a scale 22 which determines the total weight of trough 5, ne-lt 6, and slag 10 and supplies it to a regulator 23. In the regulator the determined total weight is caTpared with a ncminal weight and the conveyor device 20 is driven so that the actual weight corresponds to the rcminal weight. The nominal weight is therein defined so that a closed slag covering of given thickness is always formed on the melt. Since the specific weight of nvelt and slag as well as the volume of the trough 5 up to the overflow edge are known,, the particular thickness present of the slag layer can be calculated.It is also possible to cbserve with the aid of a thermo-camera or a videocamera the surface of the trough content and to resupply slag granulate whenever the closed slag covering tears open. As soon as it arrives on the surface of the melt 6,, the granulate is melted through electron beans which come either from the gun 2 shown or from a second electron beam gun which is not shown.with the aid of a wavelength-dispersive measuring method it is, in addition, possible to monitor the vaporization of the elements in the melt and to determine the vaporization rate. Hereby an optimum protective coating setting can be achieved, in conjunction with the determined vaporization rates, in order to hold the vaporizations of the remelting material at a minimum.Vbether or not the barrier 11 mast project more or less deeply into the melt in order to prevent the slag 10 from. falling into the chill mould also is a function of the coaposition of the slag 10 and of the melt material 6 as well as of the melting rate. If melting takes place very rapidly, the flow under the barrier 11 which is symbolized by section 24 is very large so that portions of the liquid slag 10 can be entrained. in this case, the barrier 4 must therefore be imTe into the melt 6 relatively deeply. In the case of viscous slag materials, a lesser i=mrsion depth is required than in the case of less viscous slags. The same applies to the melt. The barrier 12 at the bottom of the trough serves the function of retaining, if necessary, heavy metals coaprised in the melt.The iTaw=ion depth of the barrier 11 is preset at the regulator 23 since the data required for this purpose are knom. It is badever also possible to sense autcmatically particular data during the melting process, for exanple the rate of flow. This is characterized by the weight increase of the chill mould 8. Thereby that the weight of the chill mould 8 with the content is weighed and differentiated, a signal can be supplied via a line 26 to the regulator 23 which permits it to raise or lajer the barrier 11.The slag for the covering of the melt camprises preferably a mixture of several oxides, for e-le of Cao, A1203.. M90.. Ti02, and Zr02. Its thickness should be at least 2 m.1 Patent claims Electron beam overflow melting arrangement wj_th a trough for the reception of a metal or matal allay mit, which is nelted frem a solid netal or metal alloy body by ni--= of an electron beam, as well as with a prote-ve layer covering for the surf ace of the, melt, charactezed in that a sup-ply device (20) is provided which places material (16) for the protective layer covering (10) onto the surface of the mit (6).2. Electron bean overflow malting arrangement as stated in Clain ll characterized in that a device (13) for the vertical displacement of a barrier (11) in the malt is provided.Electron beam overflow melting arrangement as stated in Claim 1, characterized in that a regulating device (23) is provided which drives the conveyor device (20) in such a way that a given quantity of a 4- layer covering is disposed at all times an the surface of the itelt (6).Electron be-am overflow melting arrangement as stated in claim 3 r characterized in that the t=ugh (5) is disposed on a weighing arrangement (22) which determines the total weight of the t=ti (5) wIth its part,:icular content (6, 10) and that a c=i:)c=tor device is provided which on the basis of a ccq=ison of the neasured total weight with a given total weight acts upon the regulating device (23) in such. a way that the measured tott-al weight corrnds to the given total weight.5. Elect= bean over-flow melting as stated in Claim 3 j chazucterized in that a the=--are.-a J --- provided which de-tects the surf ace. of the trough content (6, 10), that f urther a device is provided which clue to the thennally recorded surface recognizes whether or not a closed Drott-tive layer is p-rezent or whetther it is broken, and that a device is pr-ovided which in the case of a broken pratective layer 6 lies material for the protective layer covering with the aid of the conveyor device (20).6. Electron beam overflow melting arrangement as stated in Claim 3,, characterized in that by me= of a wavelength-dispersive measuring method which detects the vaporization rates of chemical elements the protective layer covering (10) is irplemented so that the least possible vaporization of the monitored chemical eleanent takes place.Electron bean overflow melting arrangement as stated in Claim 5, characterized in that the thenno-camera also monitors the free melting zone in front of the barrier (11) and the'introductim of energy via the elect= bean (3) is controlled so that a low overheating of the material is achieved.Electron beam overflow melting arrangement as stated in Claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor device (20) is a vibrating spiral conveyor device which transports material for the protective layer covering from a first site (21) to a second site (19) wherein this second site is located above the surface of the melt (6).1 9. Elect= bean overflow melting arrangement as stated in Claim 8, characterized in that at the second site the one- end of a swivellable pipe (15) is provided whose other end is located in close vicinity above the surface of the melt (6).0. Elect=n beam overflow melting arrangement as stated in Claim 1, zed in that as the material for the protective layer covering is provided slag.11. Electron beam overflow melting arrangement as stated in Claim 9, zed in that the slag is applied in the form of granulate onto the surface of the melt.7 12. Elec=n beam, overflow melting arrangement as stated in claim 2, characterized in that the barrier (I!) is intrcx:hmed into the protective layer covering (10) from above in the direction toward the trough (5).13. Elect= be= overflow mlt-:Ln w=angenent as stated in claim 2, characterized in that the barrier (11) is introduced into the protective layer covering (10) and into the melt (6) perpendicularly F above in the direction toward the tzn4i (5).14. 7,1 ectron beam overflow melting arrangement as stated in claim 1, characterized in that a barrier (12) is disposed at the bottom of the trox fti (5) and projects into the melt (6) in the direction toward the protective layer covering (10).15. Process for the production of a high purity metal or metal alloy characterized by the follcwing steps: a) material is melted in an evacuated ch=ber with the aid of an electron beam which falls into a trough; b) the melting process is carried out until the melted material runs E' - an overflow of the trough; the barrier is moved into the melt of the trough whereby the surface of the melt is divided into two regions; d) material for the protective layer covering is applied on that area of the surface which is remote from the overflow.16. Process as stated in Claim 15, cha icterized in that the protective layer coverinc j is kept constant through regulation.17. Process as stated in Claim 15, cbaracterized in that through melting of the supplied metals an overflcw melt is set.18. Electron beam overflow melting arrangement substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.19. Process for the production of a high purity metal or metal alloy substantially as hereinbefore described,with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19924205797 DE4205797A1 (en) | 1992-02-26 | 1992-02-26 | ELECTRON BEAM OVERFLOW MELTING DEVICE |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB9223489D0 GB9223489D0 (en) | 1992-12-23 |
GB2264507A true GB2264507A (en) | 1993-09-01 |
GB2264507B GB2264507B (en) | 1995-07-12 |
Family
ID=6452560
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB9223489A Expired - Fee Related GB2264507B (en) | 1992-02-26 | 1992-11-10 | Electron beam overflow melting arrangement |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH0688146A (en) |
DE (1) | DE4205797A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2687691B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2264507B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105665656A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-06-15 | 江西铜业股份有限公司 | Method for preserving heat of high-temperature liquid copper flowing in chute |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59936A (en) * | 1982-06-25 | 1984-01-06 | Matsushita Electronics Corp | Forming method for insulator isolating film |
US4730661A (en) * | 1985-08-01 | 1988-03-15 | Leybold-Heraeus Gmbh | Process and device for melting and remelting metals in particle form into strands, especially into slabs |
US4750542A (en) * | 1987-03-06 | 1988-06-14 | A. Johnson Metals Corporation | Electron beam cold hearth refining |
GB2221697A (en) * | 1988-08-10 | 1990-02-14 | Leybold Ag | Preventing evaporation loss of alloying elements in electron beam melting |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1411991A (en) * | 1964-09-17 | 1965-09-24 | Suedwestfalen Ag Stahlwerke | Process and apparatus for melting and vacuum casting steels or steel-like alloys superalloys |
DE2206368A1 (en) * | 1972-02-10 | 1973-08-30 | Inst Elektroswarki Patona | Electron beam remelting - with stable oxide slag |
DE3827047A1 (en) * | 1988-08-10 | 1990-02-22 | Greenland Gmbh & Co Kg | Rotary haymaking machine |
-
1992
- 1992-02-26 DE DE19924205797 patent/DE4205797A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-11-10 GB GB9223489A patent/GB2264507B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-22 FR FR9215804A patent/FR2687691B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-02-25 JP JP6087093A patent/JPH0688146A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59936A (en) * | 1982-06-25 | 1984-01-06 | Matsushita Electronics Corp | Forming method for insulator isolating film |
US4730661A (en) * | 1985-08-01 | 1988-03-15 | Leybold-Heraeus Gmbh | Process and device for melting and remelting metals in particle form into strands, especially into slabs |
US4750542A (en) * | 1987-03-06 | 1988-06-14 | A. Johnson Metals Corporation | Electron beam cold hearth refining |
GB2221697A (en) * | 1988-08-10 | 1990-02-14 | Leybold Ag | Preventing evaporation loss of alloying elements in electron beam melting |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2687691B1 (en) | 1994-12-09 |
DE4205797A1 (en) | 1993-09-02 |
GB2264507B (en) | 1995-07-12 |
FR2687691A1 (en) | 1993-08-27 |
GB9223489D0 (en) | 1992-12-23 |
JPH0688146A (en) | 1994-03-29 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19961110 |