GB2263958A - "anchoring of fixing elements by settable material" - Google Patents
"anchoring of fixing elements by settable material" Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2263958A GB2263958A GB9202410A GB9202410A GB2263958A GB 2263958 A GB2263958 A GB 2263958A GB 9202410 A GB9202410 A GB 9202410A GB 9202410 A GB9202410 A GB 9202410A GB 2263958 A GB2263958 A GB 2263958A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- hollow
- anchoring
- fixing element
- friable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011396 hydraulic cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/14—Non-metallic plugs or sleeves; Use of liquid, loose solid or kneadable material therefor
- F16B13/141—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material
- F16B13/146—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material with a bag-shaped envelope or a tubular sleeve closed at one end, e.g. with a sieve-like sleeve, or with an expandable sheath
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
A fixing bolt (4) is anchored in a bore in a hollow and/or friable structure by means of a cylinder (20) which is cut to length and comprises perforations extending over its entire wall length, one open end of the cylinder (20) being closed by a cap (21) held thereon and the opposite open end being capped by a flanged member (23) held thereon and which is formed with an opening therethrough into the interior of the cylinder (20). Insertion of a fixing bolt (4) into curable resin injected into the cylinder (20) displaces resin through the perforations to form a body of curing resin around the cylinder (20). The cylinder (20) may be injection moulded, or wound and fused. The caps may fit into the cylinder ends. <IMAGE>
Description
Device for use in Anchor Bolting
This invention relates to the anchoring of fixing elements in a hollow and/or friable substrate.
Anchor bolting is a field of technology whose practice varies depending upon whether reinforcing or fixing elements are to be anchored and whether anchoring is to take place in a pre-drilled substrate which is formed of solid rock, such as an underground mine roof, or hollow or friable masonry such as formed from brieze block which may itself be hollow or be laid so as to form a hollow wall. Two principal non-mechanical methods of anchoring have been devised. One is based on hydraulic cement systems to be activated by water and the other on hardenable synthetic resin systems, generally a two component unsaturated polyester resin system.Where fixing in boreholes in solid rock is concerned and unsaturated polyester resin systems are to be employed, it is general practice for the reactive components of the system to be both packaged in a frangible cartridge, generally in separate compartments, and the cartridge is introduced into the borehole and then broken and the contents mixed in situ by means of a rotating reinforcing element to form a self-setting grouting composition around the reinforcing element.
This technique is not appropriate to anchoring of fixing elements in hollow and/or friable masonry wherein the countersupport of the wall of the pre-drilled bore hole is required in breaking the frangible cartridge to release the reactive components for mixing together.
In contrast thereto, systems for anchoring of fixing elements in hollow and/or friable masonry employ a two part resin injection anchor whose two chemical components are injected simultaneously into a perforated sleeve inserted into a pre-drilled opening in the masonry. The cure time of the mix of chemical components which is formed is sufficiently long to allow a fixing element to be pushed into the sleeve to displace the mixture through the perforations through ram pressure so as to extend radially outwards and form a generally annular mass of cured resin. The diameter of this annular mass will be relatively restricted in the case of solid masonry of friable material which has nevertheless been unduly enlarged during pre-drilling.In the case of hollow masonry, this annular mass of resin will accumulate around the sleeve at internal surfaces of the masonry which extend parallel to the outermost surface of the masonry at which drilling was previously initiated and thus form a cavity retention means.
The sleeves themselves are generally of cylindrical form and restricted or possibly closed at the leading end and flanged at the trailing end. The sleeve may be formed in one piece by injection moulding with an appropriate array of perforations being provided in the cylindrical wall thereof. Alternatively it may be formed of a mesh tube formed as such and which is brought together and fused at its closed end. Sleeves of this type are described, for example, in GB-A-2,206,615.
The length of sleeve will depend upon the length of fixing element to be secured within the masonry and this will depend, in turn, on the size of element to be secured by the fixing element to the wall surface.
Moreover, where hollow masonry is concerned, the disposition of internal wall surfaces in relation to an outer wall surface will vary from manufacturer to manufacturer of the blocks and/or on the position of external wall surfaces facing in the direction opposite to that faced by the surface at which the sleeve has been introduced. This necessitates having available a range of lengths of perforated sleeve. This is an inconvenience both from the point of view of stock which has to be held by a supplier and from the point of view of manufacture in that a range of moulds has to be available for the manufacture of a range of sleeve sizes.
Thus not only are the manufacturing techniques for the fixed length sleeves relatively expensive to carry out, but inconvenience is introduced through the frequent need to have available a stock of sleeves for different uses.
It is an object of this invention to provide a means of overcoming the above difficulties.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a device for use in the anchoring of a fixing element in a hollow and/or friable substrate, the device comprising a cylinder which has been produced open at both ends and which comprises a plurality of perforations extending over its entire wall length, one end of which cylinder is closed by capping means held thereon and the opposite end of which cylinder is capped by a flanged member held thereon and which is formed with an opening therethrough into the interior of the cylinder.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for the manufacture of a device for use in the anchoring of a fixing element in a hollow and/or friable substrate which comprises cutting to a predetermined length an elongate cylinder which has been produced open at both ends and which comprises a plurality of perforations extending over its entire wall length, closing the cut cylinder at one end by capping means and capping the cut cylinder at its opposite end by means of a flanged member formed with an opening therethrough into the interior of the cut cylinder, the fitting of capping means and the flanged member to the respective ends of the cylinder being such that both are held on the respective ends of the cut cylinder.
In a third aspect, the invention provides for the use in the anchoring of a fixing element in a preformed bore in a hollow and/or friable substrate of a device according to the first aspect of the invention in a fixing procedure wherein a curable resin composition is injected into the cylinder in place in the bore and, before curing of the resin has taken place, the resin is displaced through perforations in the wall thereof into free space around the cylinder on ramming of the fixing element into the interior of the cylinder.
The device of the invention may be a simple low-cost product produced by unskilled personnel at the point of use or off site from previously manufactured elongate perforated tubing and flanged capping members for insertion in the respective ends. The tubing itself may be an injection moulded product formed in an elongate mould with the required openings therethrough. It can also be formed as a lattice or netting structure by any technique conventional for use in the manufacture of plastics lattices or netting, being either produced cylindrically from the outset or as a flat lattice or netting product which is wound around a mandrell with its opposed edges being fused together.It should be appreciated that the term "perforation" is used in a wide sense herein to indicate not only structures in which openings are stamped in a solid wall but products in which a plurality of openings is formed in situ in a moulding process or net producing process. The tube itself may be formed of any convenient thermo-plastic plastics material for example polyethylene polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride etc.
The elements to be used at the respective ends of the tube may be preformed as injection moulded thermoplastic plastics products. The injection moulded otherwise produced elements may be inserted in the respective ends of the tube or fit over the ends as caps.
The mode of utilization will depend upon the shape of these members and the means by which they are to be held onto the tube. When the tube is relatively flexible as when it is formed of a netting material, then it is most practicable for these members to be inserted into the ends of the tube and to be held thereon by a band.
For a better understanding of the invention and to show how the same may be carried into effect, reference will now be made by way of example only to the accompanying drawings wherein:
Figure 1 shows in cross section a hollow concrete
block fixing showing sleeve fixing device, wall
mounting and adhesive;
Figure 2 shows one form of fixing device embodying
the invention;
Figure 3 shows the fixing device according to Figure
2 when used in like manner to the sleeve shown in
Figure 1.
Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, an angle member 1 is secured to a hollow concrete block 2 having a cavity 3 therein by means of a threaded bolt 4 with nut 5 and washer 6 which abuts a flange 7 of the angle member.
An injection moulded cylindrical sleeve 8 extends into the cavity 3 through a pre-drilled bore 9 in the block.
The sleeve is formed with a plurality of perforations 10 around its periphery in a zone extending from a flanged trailing end 11 to a little over half way towards a closed end 12. Adhesive 13 can be seen to have passed out of the perforations 10 in the sleeve 8 to occupy whatever free space exists between the sleeve and side of the bore, with adhesive from perforations located within the cavity 3 having been free to spread out further and form a holding ring 14 thereof prior to curing.
The fixing has been achieved as follows. The bore 9 is first formed in the friable material of the hollow concrete block 2. The sleeve 8 is then inserted into the bore as far as it will go, the insertion distance being restricted by the flanged end 11. A limit on the extent to which it may be inserted is imposed by the flanged trailing end 11. The sleeve will have been preselected as one having a length sufficient to enable it to extend into the cavity 3. A curable adhesive composition is then injected into the sleeve 8 which at this stage is only loosely positioned in the bore 9. For this purpose, a two part curable polyester resin composition may be employed having a curing time once the components thereof have become mixed on entry into the sleeve 8 which is sufficient to enable the bolt 4 to be pushed freely thereinto.This will result in a ramming effect such that adhesive passes out through the perforations 10 to adopt a form as shown. The adhesive is allowed to cure and the solid holding ring 10 forming a continuation of a body of adhesive lining the bore 9 is formed with the bolt set in place in the thus cured adhesive. The angled member 1 can then be attached thereto using the nut 5 and intermediate washer 6.
Referring next to Figure 2 of the drawings, a sleeve fixing device embodying this invention and which is to replace the injection moulded sleeve 8 of Figure 1 is formed of a cut length 20 of preformed netting tube which is closed at one end by means of a plug 21 of injection moulded plastics material placed in intimate contact with the netting by means of a band 22 to ensure that it is held in place. Inserted in the opposite end of the tube 20 is an insertion member 23 which is a hollow tube surmounted by a flange 24 of greater diameter than. the sleeve and the plug 21 at the opposite end. A band 25 holds the insertion member 23 in place in the tube.The device shown in Figure 2 will have been cut to a length sufficient for the intended purpose, and thus if used in the manner shown for sleeve fixing device 8 in Figure 1, could be cut to approximately the same length on site and equipped with members 21 and 23. The end closed by plug 21 will be equivalent to the closed end 12 of the sleeve fixing device 8 of Figure 1. A greater length of tube will be utilized if a longer bolt is to be employed therein and/or the wall thickness of the hollow masonry is greater than that shown in Figure 1. Conversely, shorter lengths of tube may be employed when circumstances demand. Obviously it is necessary for there to be openings in the tube over the entire length thereof to enable sleeve fixing devices of any length to be formed therefrom whereas in Figure 1, it is merely necessary that the perforations will lie within a zone at which adhesive is required to pass out of the sleeve fixing device.
Thus referring finally to Figure 3, there is shown a modification of the arrangement of Figure 1 indicating the use of a fixing element of Figure 2. Like reference numerals denote like parts in Figures 1 and 2 and it can be seen that because perforations extend a greater length along the fixing element of Figure 2, adhesive tends to form a ball around the end of the sleeve rather than a ring. In all other respects, the utilisation of the sleeve fixing device of Figure 2 is the same as that of the sleeve fixing device 8 of Figure 1.
Claims (13)
1. A device for use in the anchoring of a fixing element in a hollow and/or friable substrate, the device comprising a cylinder which has been produced open at both ends and which comprises a plurality of perforations extending over its entire wall length, one end of which cylinder is closed by capping means held thereon and the opposite end of which cylinder is capped by a flanged member held thereon and which is formed with an opening therethrough into the interior of the cylinder.
2. A device as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the cylinder is an injection moulded product formed in an elongate mould with openings therethrough at intervals along the length thereof.
3. A device as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the cylinder is formed of a lattice or netting structure.
4. A device as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the cylinder is formed from which is wound around a mandrel and has its opposed edges fused together.
5. A device as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the cylinder is formed of thermoplastic plastics material.
6. A device as claimed in any one of Claims 2 to 5, wherein the cylinder is formed of polyethylene, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride.
7. A device for use in the anchoring of a fixing element in a hollow and/or friable substrate, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in Figures 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
8. A method for the manufacture of a device for use in the anchoring of a fixing element in a hollow and/or friable substrate which comprises cutting to a predetermined length an elongate cylinder which has been produced open at both ends and which comprises a plurality of perforations extending over its entire wall length, closing the cut cylinder at one end by capping means and capping the cut cylinder at its opposite end by means of a flanged member formed with an opening therethrough into the interior of the cut cylinder, the fitting of capping means and the flanged member to the respective ends of the cylinder being such that both are held on the respective ends of the cut cylinder.
9. A method as claimed in Claim 8, wherein, the elongate cylinder is formed as a lattice or netting structure.
10. A method as claimed in Claim 9, wherein, the elongate cylinder is produced from a flat lattice or netting structure which is wound around a mandrel with its opposed edges being fused together.
11. A method for the manufacture of a device for use in the anchoring of a fixing element in a hollow and/or friable structure, substantially as hereinbefore described.
12. A method for the anchoring of a fixing element in a preformed bore in a hollow and/or friable substrate, which comprises providing in the preformed bore a device as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 7, injecting a curable resin composition into the interior of the cylinder through the flanged member and, before curing of the resin has taken place, displacing the resin through perforations in the wall of the fixing element into free space around the cylinder as a fixing element is rammed into the interior of the cylinder.
13. A method of anchoring a fixing element in a preformed bore in a hollow and/or friable structure, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9202410A GB2263958B (en) | 1992-02-05 | 1992-02-05 | Anchoring of fixing elements in bores |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9202410A GB2263958B (en) | 1992-02-05 | 1992-02-05 | Anchoring of fixing elements in bores |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9202410D0 GB9202410D0 (en) | 1992-03-18 |
| GB2263958A true GB2263958A (en) | 1993-08-11 |
| GB2263958B GB2263958B (en) | 1995-06-07 |
Family
ID=10709857
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9202410A Expired - Fee Related GB2263958B (en) | 1992-02-05 | 1992-02-05 | Anchoring of fixing elements in bores |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2263958B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004051027A1 (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-06-17 | Weise + Strattner Gmbh | Device and method for fastening façade plates |
| DE102006058182A1 (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-06-05 | Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG | perforated sleeve |
| US9175561B2 (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2015-11-03 | Shane Brown | Resin injection apparatus for drilling apparatus for installing a ground anchor |
| AT522310A4 (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-15 | Sihga GmbH | Anchoring means for attaching objects to a wall |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1303723A (en) * | 1969-02-10 | 1973-01-17 | ||
| GB2025557A (en) * | 1978-05-30 | 1980-01-23 | Fosroc International Ltd | Adhesive anchoring of bolts, etc. |
| GB1587469A (en) * | 1976-12-28 | 1981-04-01 | Fischer Artur | Fixing plugs |
| US4343399A (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1982-08-10 | Celtite, Inc. | Two component device for use in anchor bolting and method of anchoring |
| EP0241708A2 (en) * | 1986-03-15 | 1987-10-21 | International Intec Patent Holding Establishment | Injection anchor to be inserted into pre-drilled holes |
-
1992
- 1992-02-05 GB GB9202410A patent/GB2263958B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1303723A (en) * | 1969-02-10 | 1973-01-17 | ||
| GB1587469A (en) * | 1976-12-28 | 1981-04-01 | Fischer Artur | Fixing plugs |
| GB2025557A (en) * | 1978-05-30 | 1980-01-23 | Fosroc International Ltd | Adhesive anchoring of bolts, etc. |
| US4343399A (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1982-08-10 | Celtite, Inc. | Two component device for use in anchor bolting and method of anchoring |
| EP0241708A2 (en) * | 1986-03-15 | 1987-10-21 | International Intec Patent Holding Establishment | Injection anchor to be inserted into pre-drilled holes |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004051027A1 (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-06-17 | Weise + Strattner Gmbh | Device and method for fastening façade plates |
| US7594366B2 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2009-09-29 | Ludwig Viezens | Device and method for fastening facade plates |
| DE102006058182A1 (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-06-05 | Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG | perforated sleeve |
| US9175561B2 (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2015-11-03 | Shane Brown | Resin injection apparatus for drilling apparatus for installing a ground anchor |
| AT522310A4 (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-15 | Sihga GmbH | Anchoring means for attaching objects to a wall |
| AT522310B1 (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-15 | Sihga GmbH | Anchoring means for attaching objects to a wall |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2263958B (en) | 1995-06-07 |
| GB9202410D0 (en) | 1992-03-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4659258A (en) | Dual stage dynamic rock stabilizing fixture and method of anchoring the fixture in rock formations | |
| CA1327466C (en) | Roof bolt system | |
| US4664555A (en) | Tension member for a rock anchor or the like | |
| US4139323A (en) | Rock anchor | |
| US5544980A (en) | Anchor structure | |
| US4343399A (en) | Two component device for use in anchor bolting and method of anchoring | |
| AU608391B2 (en) | Anchor device for securing rock bolts | |
| US4679966A (en) | Roof bolt apparatus with expansion shell and coupling | |
| US4193715A (en) | Mine roof support method and apparatus | |
| US4678374A (en) | Roof bolt with expansion shell and threaded nut | |
| GB1586550A (en) | Corrosion protected tension member for a ground anchor in solid rock | |
| US4132498A (en) | Earth anchor and method of setting and removing same | |
| US4291799A (en) | Parallel tube resin capsules | |
| US4122681A (en) | Mine roof support assembly | |
| EP2917489B1 (en) | Device, method and system for loading fixatives for rock bolts | |
| US4832534A (en) | Method and device for stressed anchorage | |
| GB2263958A (en) | "anchoring of fixing elements by settable material" | |
| JP3836848B2 (en) | Construction method of underground anchor | |
| CN111794790A (en) | Rapid hole sealing device and method for annular space | |
| US4976571A (en) | Anchor device for securing rock bolts | |
| WO1992020901A1 (en) | Injection means | |
| KR102522769B1 (en) | Fixing construction method of high-strength GFRP hollow bar for tunnel and ground reinforcement and its construction device | |
| US4750887A (en) | Anchor bolt assembly | |
| GB2095355A (en) | Securing anchor rods in boreholes | |
| CA1066540A (en) | Dowel device for grouting in a drillhole |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19990205 |