GB2237354A - A hydroelastic support - Google Patents
A hydroelastic support Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2237354A GB2237354A GB8924218A GB8924218A GB2237354A GB 2237354 A GB2237354 A GB 2237354A GB 8924218 A GB8924218 A GB 8924218A GB 8924218 A GB8924218 A GB 8924218A GB 2237354 A GB2237354 A GB 2237354A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- support
- hydroelastic
- hydroelastic support
- partition member
- block
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
- F16F13/105—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by features of partitions between two working chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/22—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper characterised by comprising also a dynamic damper
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
- Combined Devices Of Dampers And Springs (AREA)
Abstract
A hydroelastic support has a block (3) made from an elastomer and interconnecting first and second component pans (1, 2), each connectable to a respective one of the engine and the chassis of a vehicle. The hydroelastic support has a partition member (5, 6, 7) which separates a working chamber (A) from an expansion chamber (B), both chambers containing hydraulic fluid. The partition member incorporates a filtering assembly, which has a damping effect on acoustic vibrations and includes a plurality of spheres (9) which are housed within, and displaceable with respect to, the partition member. <IMAGE>
Description
IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO A HYDROELASTIC SUPPORT
This invention relates to a hydroelastic support, and particularly to a hydroelastic support for use as part of the suspension of an automobile engine.
French Patent Application No. 7926137 describes a hydroelastic support comprising two component parts respectively connectable to the engine and the chassis of a vehicle. The two component parts are joined together by a block made from an elastomer which defines, in part, a working chamber filled with a hydraulic fluid. The working chamber is connected by means of a duct to an expansion chamber, which is also filled with hydraulic fluid. The connecting duct is incorporated within a partition member which is attached to one of the two component parts, and separates the working chamber from the expansion chamber. The connecting duct has a damping effect on relatively high amplitude, low frequency mechanical vibrations.The partition member also incorporates a so-called filtering assembly including a displacement member which can undergo a slight axial displacement (of the order of a few tenths of a millimetre) to effect damping of relatively low amplitude, high frequency (acoustic) vibrations.
However, this axial displacement may also give rise to a "slapping" noise, especially at the low frequency end of the response characteristic of the filtration assembly, and this noise, when combined with the high frequency response of the assembly, generates an undesirable buzzing sound, termed "cooing".
According to the invention there is provided a hydroelastic support comprising first and second component parts, each being connectable to a respective one of the engine and the chassis of a vehicle, a block made from an elastomer interconnecting the first and second component parts, a working chamber defined, in part, by a surface of the block, means defining an expansion chamber in fluid communication with the working chamber, a partition member separating the working chamber from the expansion chamber, and filtering means having a damping effect on high frequency (acoustic) vibrations, wherein the filtering means comprises displaceable means housed within, and displaceable with respect to, the partition member and is arranged to inhibit noise being generated as a consequence of the displaceable means being displaced.
In a preferred embodiment, the displaceable means comprises a plurality of discrete damping elements housed within, and displaceable with respect to, the partition member.
The discrete damping elements, which constitute part of the filtering means, have a damping effect on relatively high frequency (acoustic) vibrations, and yet inhibit the generation of the undesirable "slapping" noise which can accompany operation of hitherto known arrangements.
Preferably the damping elements, which may be spheres, are made from a material having a density which is substantially the same as that of hydraulic fluid in the working and expansion chambers.
The partition member may have a plurality of through-holes extending from one side thereof to the opposite side, each through-hole being configured to locate and house a respective damping element. If the damping elements are spheres, each through-hole may have a respective pair of frusto-conical abutment surfaces which limit displacement of the respective sphere in the through-hole.
The partition member may comprise a first grid member having a first array of openings, a second grid member having a second array of openings, the first and second grid members being arranged in abutting relationship, the first and second arrays of openings being in register, whereby to define the through-holes for the damping elements.
The through-holes may be interconnected and the damping elements may be coupled together, preferably by a rubber or a thermoplastics material.
The hydroelastic support may include a mass which is suspended resiliently within the working chamber so as to resonate at a predetermined frequency.
The mass may be suspended, by a support structure, from the block of elastomer, the mass being attached to the support structure by a coupling element made of a resilient material. The block of elastomer may have a frusto-conical insert member which is so configured as to grip the support structure.
The invention also provides a hydroelastic support comprising first and second component parts, each being connectable to a respective one of the engine and the chassis of a vehicle, a block made from an elastomer interconnecting the first and second component parts, a working chamber defined, in part, by a surface of the block and containing a hydraulic fluid, means defining an expansion chamber which is in fluid communication with the working chamber and also contains a working fluid, and a mass suspended resiliently within the working chamber so as to resonate at a predetermined acoustic frequency.
Hydroelastic supports embodying the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view (on line 1-1 in Figure 2) through a hydroelastic support in accordance with the invention;
Figure 2 shows a transverse sectional view, on line A-A, through the hydroelastic support of Figure 1;
Figure 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view (on line 2-2 in Figures 4 and 5) through another hydroelastic support in accordance with the invention; and
Figures 4 and 5 show transverse sectional views, on line
A-B, through the hydroelastic support of Figure 3.
Referring to Figure 1, the hydroelastic support comprises two component parts 1,2, each being connectable to a respective one of the engine and the chassis of a vehicle. These components are joined together by an arched block 3 made from an elastomer. In operation the components 1,2 undergo relative displacement along the longitudinal axis XX' of the support.
Component 2 has a generally frusto-conical wall which assists in the fitting of block 3, and is formed as an extension of one part (the upper part in the drawing) of a casing, of which the other (lower) part comprises a dish-like member 12 fitted with a rod 13 enabling connection to the engine or chassis. The upper part of the casing supports and surrounds a partition member, shown generally, at 5, arranged orthogonally with respect to the longitudinal axis XX'.
The partition member 5 incorporates a duct 15 having the form, in plan, of an interrupted annulus, as represented in the sectional view of Figure 2. The duct is bounded by respective surf aces of two grid members 6,7 which are supported, in abutting relationship, between the upper and lower parts 4,12 of the casing.
As will be described in greater detail hereinafter, the partition member incorporates a filtering assembly which has a damping effect on relatively low amplitude, high frequency (acoustic) vibrations. Duct 15, on the other hand, has a damping effect on higher amplitude, relatively low frequency mechanical vibrations.
The upper surface of the partition member 5, and the internal surface of block 3, define a "working" (alternatively termed "pulsating") chamber A. A resilient member 11, clamped around its periphery between the lower part 12 of the casing and the lower grid member 7, is so profiled as to define the lower wall of a substantially annular "expansion" (alternatively termed "compensation") chamber B.
Chambers A and B contain an hydraulic fluid, and duct 15 is in fluid communication with chamber A, through an opening 14 at one end of the duct, and is in fluid communication with chamber B, through an opening 16 at its opposite end of the duct.
Thus, hydraulic fluid can pass between the two chambers A and B, via the duct, in response to relative displacement of components 1 and 2. The extent to which fluid can pass between the two chambers determines the response characteristic of the hydroelastic support to the relatively low frequency mechanical vibrations.
In this regard, the length and cross-sectional area of the duct determine its resonant frequency. When mechanical vibrations occur at, or around, the resonant frequency, the duct prevents, or restricts, the movement of fluid between the chambers, and this has a damping effect on the vibrations.
The partition member incorporates a filtration assembly which has a damping effect on relatively low amplitude, high frequency (acoustic) vibrations. To that end, the partition member has a plurality of through-holes, extending between the working and expansion chambers, and each through-hole is so configured as to locate, and house, a respective damping element in the form of a sphere 9 having a diameter just less than that of the through-hole. The spheres 9 are made from a material having the same, or a similar, density as that of the hydraulic fluid in chambers A and B.
The through-holes are defined by respective arrays of holes formed in the upper and lower grid members 6,7, and which, in the assembled condition of the grids, are in register.
Each sphere is free to move axially within the respective through-hole in response to a change of pressure differential across the partition member. The extent of this movement is limited (typically to a few tenths of a millimetre) by frusto-conical abutment surfaces formed around the holes in the grid members.
This displacement of the spheres has a damping effect on relatively low amplitude, high frequency vibrations and reduces the dynamic rigidity of the hydroelastic support in the high frequency range.
Since, in operation, each sphere in the filtering assembly makes contact individually with a respective abutment surface, the assembly does not create, to any significant extent, the undesirable "slapping" noise which can arise in operation of hitherto known filtration arrangements.
The through-holes, defined by the grid members, may be interconnected so as to form a network, and the spheres may be coupled together, by a rubber or thermoplastics material, for example.
Figures 3, 4 and 5 show another hydroelastic support in accordance with the invention. This has the same general structure as the hydroelastic support shown in Figures 1 and 2, like components being ascribed like reference numerals.
However, the hydroelastic support differs from that of
Figures 1 and 2 in that a damping body in the form of a mass 20 is suspended resiliently within the working chamber A, on the longitudinal axis XX', and is arranged to resonate at a desired frequency. In this way, mass 20 has a damping effect on vibrations having frequencies at, or around, the resonant frequency.
The arched block 3, which has a laminated structure, is fitted (between laminations) with a frusto conical insert member 19 having a crimped configuration 23 formed at intervals (or alternatively continuously) around the inner peripheral edge. The crimped configuration is effective to grip a support element in the form of an apertured (e.g. punched out) disc 22 which is connected to mass 20 through a resilient coupling member 21. The apertured disc serves to locate mass 20 centrally within the working chamber A, and yet does not unduly hinder the movement of hydraulic fluid contained therein.
In this embodiment, the hydroelastic support has a partition member 5 which incorporates a filtration assembly. This comprises an upper grid member 17 and a lower grid member 18 which define a housing for a displaceable member in the form of a washer 8 made of elastomer. The washer is free to undergo a slight axial displacement (typically of the order of a few tenths of a millimetre) in the housing and thereby has a damping effect on relatively high frequency (acoustic) vibrations.
As described hereinbefore, a displacement member of this kind tends to generate an undesirable "slapping" noise, mainly at the low frequency end of the response characteristic and so, with a view to reducing this effect, the mass 20 (which does not generate a "slapping" noise) can be set to resonate in the same frequency range.
It will be appreciated that a resiliently suspended resonator, as described with reference to Figures 3 to 5, could be combined with the filtering assembly, containing discrete damping elements, described with reference to
Figures 1 and 2.
Claims (18)
1. A hydroelastic support, comprising first and second component parts each being connectable to a respective one of the engine and the chassis of a vehicle, a block made from an elastomer interconnecting the first and second component parts, a working chamber defined, in part, by a surface of the block, means defining an expansion chamber in fluid communication with the working chamber, a partition member separating the working chamber from the expansion chamber, and filtering means having a damping effect on high frequency (acoustic) vibrations, wherein the filtering means comprises displaceable means housed within, and displaceable with respect to the partition member, and is arranged to inhibit noise being generated as a consequence of the displaceable means being displaced.
2. A hydroelastic support as claimed in claim 1, wherein the displaceable means comprises a plurality of discrete damping elements housed within, and displaceable with respect to, the partition member.
3. A hydroelastic support as claimed in claim 2, wherein the damping elements are made from a material having a density which is substantially the same as that of hydraulic fluid in the working and expansion chambers.
4. A hydroelastic support as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the damping elements are spheres.
5. A hydroelastic support as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the partition member has a plurality of through-holes extending from one side of the partition member, which bounds the working chamber, to the opposite side of the partition member, which bounds the expansion chamber, each through-hole being configured to locate and house a respective damping element.
6. A hydroelastic support as claimed in claim 5, wherein the damping elements are spheres and each through-hole has a respective pair of frusto-conical abutment surfaces which limit displacement of the respective sphere in the through-hole.
7. A hydroelastic support as claimed in claim 5 or claim 6, wherein the partition member comprises a first grid member having a first array of openings, a second grid member having a second array of openings, the first and second grid members being arranged in abutting relationship, the first and second arrays of openings being in register whereby to define the through-holes for the damping elements.
8. A hydroelastic support as claimed in claim 7, wherein the through-holes are interconnected, and the damping elements are coupled together.
9. A hydroelastic support as claimed in claim 8, wherein the damping elements are coupled together by a rubber or a thermoplastics material.
10. A hydroelastic support as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the filtering means includes a mass which is suspended resiliently within the working chamber so as to resonate at a predetermined frequency.
11. A hydroelastic support as claimed in claim 10, wherein the mass is suspended, by a support structure, from the block of elastomer, the mass being attached to the support structure by a coupling element made from a resilient material.
12. A hydroelastic support as claimed in claim 11, wherein the block of elastomer has a frusto conical insert member which is so configured as to grip the support structure.
13. A hydroelastic support as claimed in claim 11 or claim 12, wherein the support structure comprises an apertured disc.
14. A hydroelastic support comprising first and second component parts, each being connectable to a respective one of the engine and the chassis of a vehicle, a block made from an elastomer connecting the first and second component parts together, a working chamber defined, in part, by a surface of the block and containing a hydraulic fluid, means defining an expansion chamber which is in fluid communication with the working chamber, and also contains a working fluid, and a mass suspended resiliently within the working chamber so as to resonate at a predetermined acoustic frequency.
15. A hydroelastic support as claimed in claim 14, wherein the mass is suspended, by a support structure, from the block of elastomer, the mass being attached to the support structure by a coupling element made from a resilient material.
16. A hydroelastic support as claimed in claim 15, wherein the block has a frusto-conical insert member which is so configured as to grip the support member.
17. A hydroelastic support as claimed in claim 16 or claim 14, wherein the support structure comprises an apertured disc.
18. A hydroelastic support substantially as herein described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 or Figures 3 to 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8924218A GB2237354A (en) | 1989-10-27 | 1989-10-27 | A hydroelastic support |
| FR9013320A FR2653844A1 (en) | 1989-10-27 | 1990-10-26 | HYDROELASTIC SUPPORT, IN PARTICULAR FOR SUSPENSION OF MOTOR VEHICLE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8924218A GB2237354A (en) | 1989-10-27 | 1989-10-27 | A hydroelastic support |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8924218D0 GB8924218D0 (en) | 1989-12-13 |
| GB2237354A true GB2237354A (en) | 1991-05-01 |
Family
ID=10665271
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8924218A Withdrawn GB2237354A (en) | 1989-10-27 | 1989-10-27 | A hydroelastic support |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2653844A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2237354A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5295672A (en) * | 1991-08-13 | 1994-03-22 | Metzeler Gimetall Ag | Hydraulic two-chamber engine mount with rigid oscillating diaphragm and seal therefor |
| GB2332498A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-06-23 | Draftex Ind Ltd | Hydroelastic supports |
| US6583722B2 (en) | 2000-12-12 | 2003-06-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Wetness signaling device |
| EP2420699A4 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2017-10-25 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co., Ltd. | Liquid-sealed vibration-isolating device |
| JP2020051474A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-04-02 | 住友理工株式会社 | Fluid-encapsulated vibration controller |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2868821B1 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2008-02-15 | Hutchinson Sa | ANTI-VIBRATION DEVICE |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1581935A (en) * | 1976-06-30 | 1980-12-31 | Peugeot | Damper device in particular for the suspension of an engine |
| EP0117139A2 (en) * | 1983-02-17 | 1984-08-29 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fluid-sealed engine mounting |
| GB2154699A (en) * | 1984-02-21 | 1985-09-11 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Vibration damper |
| EP0154268A1 (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1985-09-11 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fluid-filled power unit mount device |
| EP0164887A2 (en) * | 1984-06-08 | 1985-12-18 | Bridgestone Corporation | Vibration isolating apparatus |
| US4645188A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1987-02-24 | Lemforder Metallwaren Ag | Resilient bearing with a hydraulic damper |
| US4653734A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1987-03-31 | Lemforder Metallwaren Ag | Hydraulic vibration damper for resilient bearings in motor vehicles |
| US4720084A (en) * | 1984-06-07 | 1988-01-19 | Audi Ag. | Hydraulic engine mount |
| GB2200190A (en) * | 1986-12-23 | 1988-07-27 | Nissan Motor | Fluid filled power unit mount |
| GB2209378A (en) * | 1987-09-04 | 1989-05-10 | Standard Products Co | Elastomeric engine mount with hydraulic damping |
| WO1989012184A1 (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1989-12-14 | Tokai Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Fluid seal type mounting apparatus |
-
1989
- 1989-10-27 GB GB8924218A patent/GB2237354A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-10-26 FR FR9013320A patent/FR2653844A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1581935A (en) * | 1976-06-30 | 1980-12-31 | Peugeot | Damper device in particular for the suspension of an engine |
| EP0117139A2 (en) * | 1983-02-17 | 1984-08-29 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fluid-sealed engine mounting |
| US4645188A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1987-02-24 | Lemforder Metallwaren Ag | Resilient bearing with a hydraulic damper |
| US4653734A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1987-03-31 | Lemforder Metallwaren Ag | Hydraulic vibration damper for resilient bearings in motor vehicles |
| GB2154699A (en) * | 1984-02-21 | 1985-09-11 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Vibration damper |
| EP0154268A1 (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1985-09-11 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fluid-filled power unit mount device |
| US4720084A (en) * | 1984-06-07 | 1988-01-19 | Audi Ag. | Hydraulic engine mount |
| EP0164887A2 (en) * | 1984-06-08 | 1985-12-18 | Bridgestone Corporation | Vibration isolating apparatus |
| GB2200190A (en) * | 1986-12-23 | 1988-07-27 | Nissan Motor | Fluid filled power unit mount |
| GB2209378A (en) * | 1987-09-04 | 1989-05-10 | Standard Products Co | Elastomeric engine mount with hydraulic damping |
| WO1989012184A1 (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1989-12-14 | Tokai Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Fluid seal type mounting apparatus |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5295672A (en) * | 1991-08-13 | 1994-03-22 | Metzeler Gimetall Ag | Hydraulic two-chamber engine mount with rigid oscillating diaphragm and seal therefor |
| GB2332498A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-06-23 | Draftex Ind Ltd | Hydroelastic supports |
| US6583722B2 (en) | 2000-12-12 | 2003-06-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Wetness signaling device |
| EP2420699A4 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2017-10-25 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co., Ltd. | Liquid-sealed vibration-isolating device |
| JP2020051474A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-04-02 | 住友理工株式会社 | Fluid-encapsulated vibration controller |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8924218D0 (en) | 1989-12-13 |
| FR2653844A1 (en) | 1991-05-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |